Water Level Controller project report by Suraj Cr

DONE BY : SURAJ CR CHANDY ABRAHAM SANOOP DHRUV DHRUVAN AN S8 EC 2009 SNGCE KADAYIRUPPU

WATER LEVE LEVEL L CONTROLLE CONTROLLER R

ABSTRACT

The level of the water in a field is controlled by this equipment using microcontroller. Main components are PIC microcontroller, motor, sensor etc. Thee se Th sens nsor orss se sens nsee the in inte ten nsi sitty of wa wate terr and giv ivee ind ndiica cattio ion n to th thee microcontroller. The microcontroller produces the control signals to drive the motor. If there is no water then microcontroller gives control signal to start the motor and if there is sufficient water in the field then the microcontroller give control signal to stop the motor.

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INTRODUCTION

Water level controller is equipment used to control the water level in a field. The The leve levell of the the wate waterr is cont contro roll lled ed by usin using g a micr microc ocon ontr trol olle lerr. Main Main components are PIC micro controller, sensor, motor etc... The sensors sense the pre prese senc ncee

of

water ater and and

giv give

indic ndicaation tion to

the the

micro icroccontr ontrol olle lerr.

The

microcontroller produces the control signals to drive the motor. If there is no water then microcontroller gives control signal to start the motor and if there is sufficient water in the field then the microcontroller give control signal to stop the motor. And also the microcontroller enables the display and displayed as “THE MOTOR IS ON” when the motor starts and disable the display when the motor is off. Hence the level of water in a field can be automatically controlled. The main components used in this equipment are PIC microcontroller, sensor and motor

SENSOR Here the sensor used is the two conductors placed in the field. If there is water then the conduction occurs between the two conductors, which closes a circuit







field. If there is no conduction microcontroller detects that water is in the field. If there is no conduction microcontroller detects absence of water. water.

MICROCONTROLLER Pic16c73so microcontroller is employed. The PIC microcontroller detects the indication from the sensor. The microcontroller produces controls signal to the drive the motor according to the indication and enables the display. The motor is controlled by a relay mechanism.

MOTOR Motor is controlled by the microcontroller the microcontroller switching the power

supply to motor by relay mechanism. The motor employed is DC motor which has high starting torque and constant speed.

DISPLAY 16*2 LCD display is used. The present state of the motor is displayed on the display.







BLOCK DIAGRAM

SENSOR PIC LCD

MOTO R







CIRCUIT DIAGRAM







PIN DIAGRAM

PIC16C73-SO





















LCD (LIQUID CRISTAL DISPLAY)







polar polarizi izing ng materi material al with with a liquid liquid crysta crystall soluti solution on betwe between en them. them. An electric current passed through the liquid causes the crystals to align so that light cannot pass through them. Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, shutter, either allowing light to pass through or blocking the light. Monochrome LCD images usually appear as blue or dark gray images on top of a grayish-white gr ayish-white background background.. Color LCD displays use two basic techniques for producing color: Passive matrix is the less expensive of the two technologies. The other technology, called thin film transistor (TFT TFT)) or active-matrix active-matrix,, produces color images that are as sharp as traditional CR CRT T displ display ays, s, but but the the tech techno nolo logy gy is expe expens nsiv ive. e. Rece Recent nt passi passiveve-mat matrix rix displa displays ys using using new CSTN and DSTN technologies produce sharp colors rivaling active-matrix displays. .

PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) C ontroller)

PIC is a family of Harv Harvard ard archi architect tecture ure microcontrollers made made by Microchip Technology echnology,, derived from the PIC1640 originally developed by Gene General ral Instru Instrument ment''s Micr Microe oele lect ctro roni nics cs Divi Divisi sion on The The name name PIC PIC







PIC16C73-so

The PIC16C73 is an EPROM-based microcontroller with an integrated Analog Analog-to -to-Di -Digit gital al Conver Converter ter.. This This easyeasy- to- program program (only (only 35 single single word instructions) device contains 4096x14 words of program memory, 192 bytes of user RAM and 5 MIPS performance @ 20MHz. In addition to the 5-channel 8-bit 8- bit A/D converter, converter, this peripheral-rich device includes Brown-Out-Reset (BOR), Power-On-Reset (POR), three timer/counters, two two Capt Captur ure/ e/Co Comp mpar are/ e/PW PWM M modu module less and and two two seri serial al port ports. s. The The synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a 3-wire Serial Peri Periph pher eral al Inte Interf rfac acee (SPI (SPI™) ™) or the the 2-wi 2-wire re Inte Interr-Int Integ egra rate ted d Circ Circui uitt (I²C (I²C™) ™) bus. bus. This This devi device ce also also feat featur ures es a Univ Univer ersa sall Sync Synchr hron onou ouss Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) which is also known as a Serial Communications Interface (SCI). The PIC16C73 has 22 I/O pins with 25mA source/sink per I/O. PIC16C73 fits perfectly in applications from security and remote sensors to appliance control and automotive.

DC Motor









Every DC motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes. In most common DC moto motors rs the the exte extern rnal al magn magnet etic ic fiel field d is prod produc uced ed by high high-s -str tren engt gth h permanent magnets1. The stator is the stationary part of the motor -- this includes the motor casing, as well as two or more permanent magnet pole pieces. The rotors (together with the axle and attached commutator) rotate with respect to the stator. stator. The rotor consists of windings (generally on a core), the windings being electrically connected to the commutator. The above diagram shows a common motor layout -- with the rotor inside the stator (field) magnets.







DC Motor Operation







SOFTWARE #define RS PORTD.F0 #define EN PORTD.F1 PORTD.F1 #define RW PORTD.F2 //PORTC.F0 //PORTC.F0 is used for sensor rod #define MOTOR PORTC.F2 PORTC.F2 //-------------------//-----------------------Lcd ---Lcd comd---------void lcdcmd(unsigned char cmd) { RS=0; PORTB=cmd; EN=0; Delay_Ms(2); EN=1; Delay_Ms(50); } //---------

---Lcd data----------







RW=0; lcdcmd(0x38); lcdcmd(0x38); lcdcmd(0x38); lcdcmd(0x0C); lcdcmd(0x06); lcdcmd(0x01); } //-------------------//---------------------msg----------msg------------------void mess(unsigned char name[]) { unsigned char i=0; while(name[i]!='\0') { lcddata(name[i]); i++; } } //------------------Main //------------------Main fun------------fun------------void main(void) {

Water Level Controller project report by Suraj Cr

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