CU
ოპერაციული სისტემა Windows 7 კავკასიის უნივერსიტეტი ალექსანდრე ბენაშვილი
2013
Sesavali operaciuli sistema (OS _ Operating system) kompiuteris aparaturuli saSualebebis marTvas, failebTan muSaobas, monacemebis Setanagamotanas, gamoyenebiTi programebis Sesrulebas uzrunvelyofs. operaciuli sistemebis ZiriTadi funqciebia: 1. gamoyenebiTi programebis operatiul mexierebaSi CatvirTvis da maTi Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa; 2. periferiul mowyobilobebisadmi standartizebuli wvdoma; 3. operatiuli mexsierebis marTva. misi ganawileba sxvadasxva procesebs Soris; 4. failuri sistemis saSualebiT diskuri da sxva tipis damgroveblebisadmi wvdomis marTva; 5. samomxmareblo interfeisis uzrunvelyofa; 6. qseluri operaciebis mxardaWera. operaciuli sistemebis damatebiTi funqciebia:
amocanebis paraleluri da fsevdoparaleluri Sesruleba (mravalamocanianoba);
Tavad sistemis da samomxmareblo failebis dacva programebis da momxmareblebis arasanqcirebuli SeRwevisgan;
operaciul sistemasTan mravalmomxmarebliani muSaobis reJimis organizacia. 1990-ani wlebidan personaluri kompiuterebis yvelaze ufro farTod gavrcelebuli operaciuli sistemebia MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows da UNIX-is klasis sistemebi (Linux da MAC OS). Microsoft-is operaciuli sistemebidan amJamad yvelaze ufro farTod Windows 7 da Windows 8 gamoiyeneba, romlebmac warmatebiT Caanacvla winamorbedi Windows XP da Windows Vista operaciuli sistemebi. Windows 7-is eqvsi ZiriTadi versia (Edition) arsebobs:
Starter (dawyebiTi);
Home Basic (saxlis sabazo);
Home Premium (saxlis gafarToebuli);
Professional (profesionaluri);
Enterprice (korporatiuli);
Ultimate (maqsimaluri). Windows 7 Starter, Home da Professional sistemebi mxolod erTi fizikuri procesoris mxardaWeras uzrunvelyofen. Windows 7 Enterprice da Ultimate identuri operaciuli sistemebia im gansxvavebiT, rom Windows 7 Enterprice gankuTvnilia Microsoft-is korporatiuli momxmareblebisaTvis, xolo Ultimate _ individualuri momxmareb2
lebisTvis. Windows 7 Enterprice da Ultimate mxars uWeren ori da meti fizikuri procesoris arsebobas kompiuterSi. miuxedavad imisa, Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis versia uWers Tu ara mxars or da met fizikur procesors, nebismieri maTganSi realizebulia mravalbirTvianobis mxardaWera. kerZod, oTxbirTviani procesorebi mxardaWerilia Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis yvela versiis mier. Windows 7 mars uWers procesoris or arqiteqturas. 32-Tanriga versiebs aRniSnaven x86-iT. swored es operaciuli sistema unda dayendes SedarebiT Zvel _ Pentium 4 procesorebiT aRWurvil samagido kompiuterebSi da dabal-saSualo simZlavris portatiul kompiuterebSi (Notebook)-ebSi. x86 operaciuli sistemis ZiriTadi SezRudva mdgomareobs mxardaWerili operatiuli mexsierebis moculobaSi _ araumetes 4 gb-sa. x86 operaciuli sistema SeiZleba dayendes 64-Tanriga procesoriT aRWurvil kompiuterzec, Tumca operaciuli sistema mxolod 4 gb operatiul mexsierebas gamoiyenebs. Windows 7-is x64 versiebi SeiZleba mxolod im kompiuterebze dayendes, romelTac 64-Tanriga procesori gaaCniaT. Windows 7 Professional, Ultimate da Enterprice mxars uWeren 128 gb-mde operatiul mexsierebas, Windows 7 Home Basic _ 8 gb-mde operatiul mexsierebas, xolo Windows 7 Home Premium _ 16 gb-mde operatiul mexsierebas. operaciuli sistemis SerCevisas aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom misi mTavari daniSnuleba gamoyenebiT programebTan komfortuli muSaobis uzrunvelyofaa. gamoyenebiTi programebisTvis aucilebelia mexsierebis damatebiTi moculoba, Tavisufali adgili diskze, Sesabamisi aparatura, draiverebi da a.S. operaciuli sistemis versiis SerCevisas gamoyenebiTi programebis moTxovnebic aucileblad unda gaTvaliswindes.
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Tavi 1 WINDOWS 7 operaciuli sistemis interfeisi kompiuterSi sxvadasxva operaciebis Sesasruleblad aucileblad unda iyos dayenebuli operaciuli sistema. momxmareblis kompiuterTan muSaobis uzrunvelsayofad operaciul sistemas samomxmareblo interfeisi gaaCnia. interfeisi instrumentebis krebuls warmoadgens, romlebic sxvadasxva obieqtebis saxiTaa warmodgenili ekranze. momxmareblis operaciul sistemasTan muSaoba swored am instrumentebiT, mausisa da klaviaturis saSualebiT sruldeba. 1.1.
Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis interfeisis elementebi
Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis interfeisi ori ZiriTadi elementisgan Sedgeba _ samuSao magidisgan (Desktop) da amocanaTa panelisgan (Taskbar). nax. 1.1-ze warmodgenilia Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis interfeisis ZiriTadi komponentebi. piqtogramebi
samuSao magida
enaTa paneli SetyobinebaTa paneli saaTi
Rilaki Start programebis Rilakebi
nax. 1.1. Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis ZiriTadi komponentebi
samuSao magida (Desktop) _ amocanaTa panelis zeviT ekranis mTel ares ikavebs.
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samuSao magidis piqtogramebi (Icons) _ xSirad gamoyenebuli programebis, katalogebis da failebis swraf gamoZaxebas uzrunvelyofs.
Rilaki Start _ masze daWerisas meniu ixsneba, romlis saSualebiTac SesaZlebelia kompiuterSi dainstalirebuli programebis da xSirad gamoyenebuli katalogebis da failebis gamoZaxeba;
amocanaTa paneli (Taskbar) _ amocanas, rogorc wesi, nebismieri programis gaxsnil fanjaras uwodeben. amocanaTa paneli gaxsnil programebs Soris swraf gadarTvas uzrunvelyofs. Windows 7-is amocanaTa panelSi sami tipis Rilaki SegviZlia davinaxoT: damagrebuli programebis Rilakebi. momxmarebels xSirad gamoyenebuli programebis Rilakebi pirdapir amocanaTa panelSi SeuZlia ganaTavsos. Tu damagrebuli programa ar aris gaSvebuli, mis Rilaks aqvs brtyeli, araaqtiuri forma. instalaciis Semdeg Windows-is amocanaTa panelSi damagrebulia Windows media Player-is, Windows Explorer-is da Internet Explorer-is Rilakebi. muSaobis procesSi moxmarebels Tavadac SeuZlia waSalos arsebuli, an daamatos axali Rilakebi. gamoZaxebuli programebis Rilakebi. Rilaki amoburculi, aqtiuri formisaa. Tu momxmarebeli im programas gamoiZaxebs, romelic ukve damagrebulia amocanaTa panelSi, axali Rilaki ar ixsneba, xolo arsebuli Rilaki iRebs gaaqtiurebul formas. erTi programis ramdenime fanjris gamaerTianebeli Rilakebi. rodesac momxmarebeli erTi programis ramdenime egzemplars gamoiZaxebs, an ramdenime erTtipiuri dokumentia gaxsnili, maTi Rilakebi erT RilakSi erTiandeba, romelsac furclebis Sekvris forma gaaCnia.
enaTa paneli (Language uzrunvelyofs.
Setyobinebebis veli (Notification Area). aisaxeba fonur reJimSi momuSave programebis, anu procesebis iarliyebi.
Bar).
erTi
enidan
meoreze
gadasvlas
saaTi. aCvenebs mimdinare dros. ZiriTadi moqmedebebi Windows-Si mausiT sruldeba. mausis marTvis elementia maCvenebeli _ Mouse Pointer. muSaobis procesSi mausis maCvenebeli iRebs gansxvavebul formebs, romlebic kompiuteris mdgomareobaze miuTiTeben. _ kompiuteri Cveulebriv reJimSi muSaobs. _ kompiuteri dakavebulia. yvela misi resursi gamoiyeneba. muSaobis gasagrZeleblad sasurvelia procesis dasrulebas davelodoT. 5
_ kompiuteri fonur reJimSi muSaobs. axali instruqciebis miwodeba SesaZlebelia, Tumca kompiuteris reaqcia Senelebuli iqneba. 1.2 meniu Start Start Rilakze daWerisas ixsneba meniu (nax. 1.2), romlidanac SesaZlebelia yvela dainstalirebuli programis gamoZaxeba. marcxena svetSi moCans xSirad gamoyenebuli programebis sia da moZebnis striqoni, xolo marjvena svetSi _ momxmareblis piradi katalogebis da sistemuri obieqtebis sia. menius zeda nawilSi Cans saxeli da suraTi, romelic mimdinare momxmarebelTan asocirdeba. gamoyenebuli programebis iarliyebis sia dayofilia or nawilad. nacrisferi horizontaluri xazis zeviT moTavsebulia `damagrebuli~ iarliyebi, romelTa Semadgenlobac avtomaturad ar icvleba. maTi Secvla momxmareblis mier xdeba. xazis qveviT moTavsebulia dinamiuri iarliyebis sia, romelic avtomaturad, sxvadasxva programebis gamoZaxebis sixSiris mixedviT icvleba. damagrebuli
dinamiuri
programebi
katalogebi da sxva elementebi
nax. 1.2. Start meniu
All Programs _ Seicavs dainstalirebuli programebis sruli sias. Documents _ brZanebiT ixsneba ixsneba biblioTeka dokumentebis SenaxvisTvis.
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Pictures _ warmoadgens biblioTekas grafikuli failebis SenaxvisTvis. Music _ warmoadgens biblioTekas musikaluri failebis SenaxvisTvis. Games _ Windows-is sakuTari TamaSebis sias Seicavs. Computer _ sistemaSi arsebuli diskebis da sxva mowyobilobebis piqtogramebs Seicavs. Control Panel _ Seicavs piqtogramebs da mimarTvebs, romelic sistemis mowyobisTvis gamoiyeneba. Devices and printers _ sistemuri katalogi, romelSic kompiuterTan mierTebuli mowyobilobebi: printerebi, skanerebi, kamerebi da a.S aisaxeba. Default Programs _ mocemuli punqtis arCevisas sxvadasxva tipis failebisTvis programebis daniSvnis fanjara ixsneba. Help and Support _ xsnis daxmarebis fanjaras, romlis saSualebiTac SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva sacnobaro informaciis moZieba. 1.2.
piqtogramebis (Icons)da programuli fanjrebis organizacia samuSao magidaze piqtogramebis dalageba
samuSao magidaze piqtogramebis dalagebis ramdenime saSualeba arsebobs:
Tu piqtogramebi samuSao magidaze mouwesrigeblad arian ganTavsebulni, mausis marjvena klaviSs davaWerT samuSao magidis nebismier adgilas da konteqsturi meniudan CavrTavT reJims _ View
Align icons to grid. Tu gvinda, rom axali piqtogramis damatebis an ukve arsebulis waSlis dros piqtogramebi avtomaturad lagdebodnen ekranis marcxena kidesTan, CavrTavT reJims _ View Auto arrange icons. piqtogramebis droebiTi damalvis survilis SemTxvevaSi gamovrTavT reJims _ View Show desktop icons. piqtogramebis ekranze dasabruneblad aRniSnuli operacia unda gavimeoroT. fanjrebis dalageba samuSao magidaze gaxsnili fanjrebis dasalageblad mausis marjvena klaviSs vaWerT amocanaTa panelis cariel adgilas, an saaTze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT dalagebis erT-erT saSualebas.
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Cascade windows _ fanjrebis kaskaduri dalageba;
Show windows stacked _ fanjrebis zevidan qveviT dalageba;
Show windows side by side _ fanjrebis marcxnidan marjvniv dalageba;
Show The Desktop _ fanjrebis minimizacia. Cans mxolod maTi saTaurebi amocanaTa panelSi.
Undo... _ mocemuli brZanebiT fanjrebis wina mdgomareoba aRdgeba. fanjrebs Soris gadarTva
Windows-is Zvel versiebSi fanjrebs Soris gadarTvisTvis gamoiyeneboda klaviSebis kombinacia Alt+Tab. Windows 7-Si es kombinacia kvlav gamoiyeneba, Tumca gadarTvis procesSi damatebiT moCans fanjrebis eskizebi (efeqti Flip) (nax. 1.3).
nax. 1.3. fanjrebs Soris gadarTvis reJimi
fanjrebs Soris gadarTvisTvis agreTve gamoiyeneba klaviSebis kombinacia Windows+Tab. am SemTxvevaSi gaxsnil fanjrebs Soris gadarTva samganzomilebian reJimSi realizdeba (efeqti 3D-Flip) (nax. 1.4).
nax. 1.4 gaxsnil fanjrebs Soris gadasvla samganzomilebian reJimSi
1.4. gadaadgilebis markerebis gamoyeneba. amocanaTa panelis araaucilebeli Semadgeneli elementebi gadaadgilebis markerebis panelis velebis zomebis Secvla.
(nax.
1.5)
daniSnulebaa
nax. 1.5. gadaadgilebis markerebi
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amocanaTa
Tu gvinda Tavidan aviciloT amocanaTa panelis velebis zomebis Secvla an misi gadaadgileba, davaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs amocanaTa panelis Tavisufal adgilas an saaTze da konteqsturi meniudan CavrTavT reJims Lock the Taskbar. Windows 7 operaciul sistemas gaaCnia rigi araaucilebeli elementebisa, romlebic amocanaTa panelSi SeiZleba iqnan warmodgenilni. 1. vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs amocanaTa panelis cariel adgilas, an saaTze; 2. konteqsturi meniudan virCevT Toolbars (instrumentebis paneli) (nax. 1.6);
nax. 1.6. meniu Toolbars
3. vaWerT im komponentze, romelic gvinda gamovaCinoT, an davmaloT.
Address _ gamoisaxeba samisamarTo striqoni, romelSic SesaZlebelia katalogis, failis, an internet-saitis misamarTis Setana. Sesabamisi obieqti Explorer-is fanjaraSi gaixsneba;
Links _ gamoCndeba Internet Explorer-is mimarTvebis paneli;
Tablet PC Input Panel – gamoCndeba paneli kompiuterSi xelnaweri teqstis SetanisTvis. am mizniT kalami, an sensoruli klaviatura gamoiyeneba. es programa umetesad planSetur kompiuterebSi gamoiyeneba da xelnaweri teqstis Setanis sakmaod mZlavri saSualebaa. (nax. 1.7).
nax. 1.7. xelnaweri teqstis Setanis fanjara
programis gamoyeneba Cveulebriv kompiuterebSic SeiZleba. am SemTxvevaSi xelnaweri teqstis Setana mausiT sruldeba. samwuxarod am programis saSualebiT qarTuli teqstis Setana ver xerxdeba. Desktop _ samuSao magidaze ganTavsebuli piqtogramebi siis saxiT gamoCndeba;
Language Bar _ enebis paneli.
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1.5. muSaobis dasruleba operaciul sistemasTan muSaobis koreqtulad dasrulebisTvis vasrulebT brZanebas Start → Shut Down _ kompiuteris usafrTxo gamorTva. am SemTxvevaSi operatiuli mexsiereba sufTavdeba da kompiuteri iTiSeba. brZaneba Shut Down-is gareSe kompiuteris gamorTva ar aris rekomendirebuli, radgan SesaZlebelia monacemebis dakargva da operaciuli sistemis dazianeba. muSaobis dasrulebis romelime sxva meTodis arCevisTvis unda gaixsas meniu da Sesruldes sasurveli brZaneba (nax. 1.8).
nax. 1.8. Windows-Tan muSaobis dasrulebis meniu
Switch User _ momxmareblis gadarTva. am brZanebis Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba sawyisi misalmebis fanjara. es brZaneba gamoiyeneba sxva saRricxvo CanawerSi droebiTi Sesvlis saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, ris Semdegac unda davbrundeT mimdinare saaRricxvo CanawerSi da Cveulebriv gavagrZeloT muSaoba. Log Off _ saaRricxvo Canaweridan gamosvla. muSaobis mimdinare seansi dasruldeba da sistema dabrundeba misalmebis fanjaraSi. amis Semdeg SesaZlebelia sistemaSi Sesvla sxva saaRricxvo CanaweriT. Lock _ blokireba. es brZaneba umetesad samuSao adgilis droebiTi datovebis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba. muSaobis gasagrZeleblad saaRricxo Canaweris paroli unda SevitanoT (rasakvirvelia, Tu saaRricxvo Canaweri paroliTaa daculi). Restart _ kompiuteris `cxeli~ gadatvirTva. Cveulebriv sistemis `Camokidebis~, arastabiluri, arakoreqtuli muSaobis dros gamoiyeneba. gadatvirTva SeiZleba saWiro gaxdes rigi programebis dainstalirebis Semdegac, Tu isini mxolod Windows-is CatvirTvis dros aqtivizirdebian. Sleep _ kompiuteri gadadis dabali energomoxmarebis reJimSi. operatiuli mexsierebis Semcveloba vinCesterzec gadaiwereba, rac kvebis mTliani Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi sawyisi mdgomareobis aRdgenis saSualebas iZleva. Hibernate _ kompiuteri am SemTxvevaSic gadadis dabali energomoxmarebis reJimSi. Sleep-Tan SedarebiT meti energoekonomiurobiT xasiaTdeba, Tumca izrdeba kompiuteris `gamoRviZebis~ dro. es reJimi umetesad Notebook-ebSi gamoiyeneba. 10
Tavi 2 Start menius da amocanaTa panelis (Taskbar) mowyoba 2.1. Start menius programebi Start menius marcxena sveti programebis gamoZaxebisTvisaa gankuTvnili. igi dayofilia sam nawilad:
`damagrebuli~ programebis iarliyebi;
xSirad gamoZaxebuli programebis iarliyebis dinamiurad cvladi sia;
All Programs _ yvela dainstalirebuli programis iarliyi. imisTvis, rom dinamiuri, an All Programs siidan iarliyi gadavitanoT damagrebuli iarliyebis siaSi, Sesabamis iarliyze mausis marjvena klaviSis daWeriT gamoviZaxebT konteqstur menius da SevasrulebT brZanebas _ Pin to start menu. iarliyis dasabruneblad dinamiuri iarliyebis siaSi _ Unpin to start menu. Tu gvinda mxolod erTi romelime iarliyis waSla, masze mausis marjvena klaviSis daWeriT viZaxebT konteqstur menius da vasrulebT brZanebas _ Remove from this list. 2.2. Start menius mowyoba Start menius da amocanaTa panelis awyobas emsaxureba Taskbar and Start Menu Properties fanjara, romlis gamosaZaxeblad vaWerT Start meniudan virCevT brZanebas Properties. Start menius awyobisTvis virCevT Start Menu CanarTs (nax. 2.1).
nax. 2.1. fanjara Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. 11
Power button action _ virCevT moqmedebas, romelic Windows-Tan muSaobis dasrulebis dros avtomaturad gaaqtiurdeba. imisTvis, rom sistemam avtomaturad aRricxos programebis, an dokumentebis gamoZaxebis istoria, unda CavrToT Semdegi reJimebi. Store and display recently opened programs in Start menu _ programebis aRricxva; Store and display recently opened items in the Start menu and the taskbar _ dokumentebis aRricxva. unda gaviTvliswinoT, rom reJimebis gamorTvis Semdeg maTi ganmeorebiTi CarTva ar aRadgens elementebis aqamde arsebul sias. maTi formireba Tavidan daiwyeba. 2.3. amocanaTa panelis mowyoba vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs amocanaTa panelis cariel adgilas, an saaTze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Properties. gaixsneba fanjara Taskbar and Start Menu Ptoperties. Start menius da amocanaTa panelis reJimebis dasayeneblad saerTo _ Taskbar and Start Menu Properties fanjara ramdenime CanarTisgan Sedgeba. mocemul SemTxvevaSi aqtiuri iqneba CanarTi Taskbar (nax. 2.3). SegviZlia CavrToT Semdegi almebi:
Lock the Taskbar _ amocanaTa panelis blokireba. SeuZlebeli iqneba misi gadatana. Semadgeneli velebis zomebi iqneba ucvleli;
nax. 2.3. fanjara Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. CanarTi Taskbar
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Auto-hide the taskbar _ amocanaTa paneli avtomaturad imaleba, rodesac masTan muSaoba ar xdeba. amocanaTa panelis gamosaCenad mausis maCvenebeli ekranis qveda sazRvarTan unda mivitanoT;
Use small icons _ amocanaTa panelSi gamoyenebuli iqneba patara zomis Rilakebi.. Taskbar location on screen _ gaxsnadi meniudan SegviZlia avirCioT amocanaTa panelis ganTavsebis adgili (Bottom, Left, Right, an Top). unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom Windows-is interfeisi optimizirebulia amocanaTa panelis ekranis qvemoT (Bottom) ganTavsebisTvis. Tu movxsniT reJims Lock the Taskbar _ amocanaTa paneli ekranis nebismier adgilas SegviZlia gadavitanoT.
Tavi 3 standartuli operaciebi obieqtebze. Recycle Bin axali saqaRaldis (katalogi, Folder) Seqmnis klasikuri xerxi 1. vaWerT ekranze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas New Folder; 2. gaaqtiurebul fanjaraSi Segvaqvs katalogis saxeli; 3. vaWerT mauss samuSao magidis cariel adgilas, an klaviSs. obieqtisTvis saxelis Secvlis klasikuri xerxi obieqtisTvis (katalogisTvis, failisTvis) saxelis Sesacvlelad Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. obieqtze vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Rename; 2. gaaqtiurebul poziciaSi SevitanT axal saxels; 3. vaWerT mauss samuSao magidis cariel adgilas, an klaviSs. obieqtis waSla obieqtis waSlisTvis sami alternatiuli saSualeba arsebobs: 1. vaWerT obieqtze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Delete; 2. vniSnavT obieqts da vaWerT klaviSs; 3. obieqti mausiT Recycle Bin-Si gadagvaqvs.
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Recycle Bin rogorc aRvniSneT, Recycle Bin-is (nax. 3.1) daniSnulebaa wasaSlelad gamzadebuli obieqtebis droebiTi Senaxva.
nax. 3.1. Recycle Bin-is fanjara Recycle Bin-dan obieqtebis rogorc aRdgenisTvis, saboloo waSlisTvis ramdenime saSualeba arsebobs.
aseve
maTi
obieqtebis aRdgena da saboloo ganadgureba obieqtebis aRdgena
movniSnavT obieqts (obieqtebs) Recycle Bin-Si, vaWerT obieqtze (erTerT moniSnul obieqtze) mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT Restore, an ZiriTadi meniudan vasrulebT brZanebas File → Restore; movniSnavT obieqts (obieqtebs) Recycle Bin-Si da instrumentebis panelSi davaWerT Restore this item (Restore the selected items) Rilakze;
yvela obieqtis aRdgenisTvis vaWerT instrumentebis panelSi Restore all items Rilakze. zemoTCamoTvlili operaciebis Sesrulebis Sedegad Recycle Bin-Si moTavsebuli obieqtebi aRdgeba imave adgilas, saidanac isini iyvnen waSlilni. Tumca SesaZlebelia maTi gadatana diskebis da katalogebis struqturuli ierarqiis sxva elementebSic. amisTvis viyenebT Windows Explorer-is standartul saSualebebs (Cut, Paste). obieqtis aRdgenis umartivesi saSualebaa Recycle Bin-dan misi samuSao magidaze mausiT gadatana. 14
obieqtebis saboloo waSla
vniSnavT obieqtebs, vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs romelime maTganze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Delete, an obieqtebis moniSvnis Semdeg vaWerT klaviSs.
Recycle Bin-is mTliani gasufTavebisTvis ZiriTad fanjaraSi vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT Empty Recycle Bin brZanebas. igive operaciis Sesruleba SesaZlebelia ZiriTadi meniudan (File → Empty Recycle Bin) da instrumentebis panelidan (Empty the Recycle Bin). gansakuTrebiT frTxilad unda viyoT moxsnadi damgroveblebidan (mag. UUSB-Flash) failebis da katalogebis waSlis dros, radgan waSlili obieqtebi Recycle Bin-Si ar Tavsdeba da maTi aRdgena SeuZlebelia. reJimebis dayeneba Recycle Bin-isTvis Recycle Bin-is reJimebis dayenebiT SesaZlebelia sistemis moqmedebebis gansazRvra failebis waSlis dros. vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs Recycle Bin-is piqtogramaze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Properties. gamoCndeba fanjara Recycle Bin Properties, romelsac erTi _ General CanarTi gaaCnia (nax. 3.2).
nax. 3.2. fanjara Recycle Bin Properties. CanarTi General Recycle Bin Location poziciaSi moCans vinCesteris logikuri ganyofilebebis (logikuri diskebis) CamonaTvali _ Local Disk (C:); Local Disk (D:); Space Available poziciaSi _ TiToeuli maTganis sruli moculoba
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Custom size: Maximum size (MB) velSi vinCesteris TiToeuli ganyofilebisTvis vayenebT Recycle Bin-is maqsimalur moculobas. rodesac Recycle Bin `savsea~, SemdgomSi waSlili obieqtebi, Sesabamisi gafrTxilebis Semdeg, maSinve nadgurdeba vinCesterze. Do not move files to the Recycle Bin. Remove files immediately when deleted _ Recycle Bin-is gaTiSva. am reJimis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi waSlili obieqtebi Recycle Bin-is gverdis avliT maSinve nadgurdeba vinCesterze. reJimis CarTva rekomendirebulia mxolod gamocdili momxmareblebisTvis. Tu gvinda failis waSla misi Recycle Bin-Si moTavsebis gareSe, Recycle Bin-is gaTiSva ar aris aucilebeli. am SemTxvevaSi waSlis operaciis Sesrulebis dros paralelurad vaWerT shiftklaviSs. Display delete confirmation dialog _ almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi waSlis operaciis Sesrulebis dros ekranze waSlis operaciis dasadasturebeli Setyobineba (nax. 3.3) gamoCndeba.
nax. 3.3. waSlis operaciis dasadasturebeli Setyobineba
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Tavi 4 sistema WINDOWS EXPLORER 4.1. sawyisi cnebebi _ faili (File), katalogi (Folder), dokumenti (Document). katalogebis organizacia kompiuterSi mravali sxvadasxva tipis da daniSnulebis programa gamoiyeneba. drois umetes nawils momxmarebeli gamoyenebiT programmebSi muSaobas uTmobs, ris Sedegadac iqmneba, redaqtirdeba, ibeWdeba da inaxeba sxvadasxva tipis dokumentebi. Tavad programa instrumenttebis krebuls warmoadgens, romelic garkveuli tipis dokumentebTan muSaobis SesaZleblobas iZleva. programisgan gansxvavebiT, romelic faqtiurad yovelTvis SeiZleba gaixsnas ekranze, dokumentis damoukideblad gaxsna SeuZlebelia. teqnikuri TvalsazrisiT dokumenti monacemebis krebuls warmoadgens, romelsac programa tvirTavs. nebismieri dokumenti warmoadgens fails, romelic diskze inaxeba. yvela fails Tavisi saxeli gaaCnia. vercerTi dokumenti ver ixsneba damoukideblad. amisTvis saWiroa Sesabamisi programa. dokumentis iarliySi moTavsebuli logotipi swored im programaze miuTiTebs, romelSic dokumenti avtomaturad ixsneba. dokumentebis aTasobiT sxvadasxva tipi arsebobs. farTo gagebiT dokumenti SeiZleba iyos teqsti, suraTi, musika da video. Tumca TiToeuli kategoria dokumentebis mraval sxvadasxva tips moicavs. magaliTad suraTis tipi SeiZleba iyos bmp, jpg, psd da a.S. failis tips mis formatsac uwodeben. operaciul sistema Windows-s erTaderTi saSualeba gaaCnia dokumentebis failebSi monacemTa formatis gansazRvrisTvis _ failebis gafarToebebi. gafarToeba warmoadgens wertils, romelsac ramdenime (umetesad sami) simbolo moyveba. magaliTad, dokumenti Intro.docx ixsneba programa Microsoft Word-is saSualebiT. failis gafarToeba iqneba Tu ara fanjaraSi warmodgenili, mxolod momxmarebelzea damokidebuli. umetes SemTxvevaSi amis saWiroeba ar arsebobs, radgan aucilebel informacias failis Sesaxeb dokumentTan asocirebuli programis logotipic iZleva. garda amisa, failis pirveli Senaxvis da saxelis Secvlis operaciebi gafarToebis ilustraciis reJimis CarTvis SemTxvevaSi mouxerxebelia, radgan failis saxelis garda klaviaturaze damatebiT failis gafarToebac unda aikrifos.
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kompiuteruli dokumentebi e.w. katalogebSi (Folder, saqaRalde) inaxeba. aseTi organizacia amartivebs garkveul TemasTan dakavSirebuli dokumentebis moZebnas da gaxsnas. ZiriTad terminebs katalogebs Soris urTierTobis aRwerisTvis warmoadgens `mSobeli~ katalogi da `Svilobili~ katalogi, anu qvekatalogi (Subfolder). magaliTad, nax. 4.1-ze warmodgenil SemTxvevaSi katalogi User warmoadgens `mSobel~ katalogs, xolo My Documents, My Pictures, My Videos _ mis `Svilobil~ katalogebs, anu qvekatalogebs. nebismieri qvekatalogi imavdroulad SeiZleba gaxdes `mSobeli~ katalogi, Tu momxmarebeli masSi Seqmnis qvekatalogebs. User
My Documents
My Pictures
My Videos
nax. 4.1. `mSobeli~ katalogi da qvekatalogebi
4.2. sistema Window Explorer-is gamoZaxeba. fanjris ZiriTadi komponentebi Windows Explorer-is gamoZaxeba klasikuri gziT Start meniudan sruldeba _ Start All Programs Accessories Windows Explorer. Tumca am gzas iSviaTad mimarTaven, radgan sistema Windows Explorer, Sesabamisi katalogis Semcvelobis CvenebiT, nebismieri katalogis gaxsnisas gaiSveba. nax. 4.2-ze warmodgenilia Windows Explorer-is fanjris ZiriTadi komponentebi. navigaciis Rilakebi (Navigation Buttons) instrumentebi Back da Forward Tavdapirvelad gaTiSulia. rogorc ki Cven sxva katalogze gadavalT, gaaqtiurdeba instrumenti Back, romlis saSualebiTac wina katalogSi vbrundebiT. amis Semdeg gaaqtiurdeba instrumenti Forward, romlis saSualebiTac im katalogSi vbrundebiT, romlidanac gamovediT. meniu (Menu) Windows Explorer-is klasikuri menius striqoni Windows 7-Si Tavdapirvelad gamorTulia. misi CarTvisTvis virCevT erT-erT saSualebas:
vaWerT Alt, an F10 klaviSs;
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CavrTavT reJims _ Organize → Layout → Menu bar. meniu sasurvelia iyos blokirebuli, raTa misi ekranze gadaadgileba aviciloT Tavidan. blokirebis reJimis CarTva xdeba menius punqtis saSualebiT View Toolbars Lock the toolbar. navigaciis Rilakebi meniu
navigaciis paneli
instrumentebis paneli samisamarTo striqoni
Zebnis veli
zusti informaciis paneli katalogis Semcveloba
nax. 4.2. Windows Explorer-is fanjris ZiriTadi komponentebi
Windows Explorer-is samisamarTo striqoni (Address Bar) sistema Windows Explorer-s, iseve rogorc Internet Explorer-s, samisamarTo striqoni gaaCnia. samisamarTo striqonSi aisaxeba gza mimdinare katalogamde. masSi agreTve SeiZleba sasurveli katalogis saxelis xeliT Setanac. ZiriTad fanjaraSi Sesabamisi katalogi gaixsneba. mausis erTjeradi daWeriT SesaZlebelia rogorc romelime `mSobel” katalogSi dabruneba, aseve mimdinare katalogis qvekatalogSi Sesvla (nax. 4.3.)
nax. 4.3 Windows Explorer-is samisamarTo striqoni
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samisamarTo striqonis marjvena kuTxeSi warmodgenilia Rilaki Refresh (nax. 4.4), romelic mimdinare katalogis Semcvelobis ganaxlebisTvis gamoiyeneba.
nax. 4.4. ganaxlebis Rilaki
sistema Windows Explorer gankuTvnilia kompiuteris Sida resursebis daTvalierebisTvis. Tumca samisamarTo striqonSi SesaZlebelia URL misamarTis Setanac. am SemTxvevaSi Windows Explorer-is nacvlad imave fanjaraSi programa Internet Explorer da masSi Sesabamisi Web-gverdi gaixsneba. Zebnis veli (Search Area) Zebnis veli Windows Explorer-is erT-erT umniSvnelovanes komponents warmoadgens. sasurveli failis da katalogis moZebna am velSi misi saxelis ramdenime pirveli simbolos SetaniTaa SesaZlebeli. instrumentebis paneli (Buttons Pane) instrumentebis panelSi warmodgenilia Rilakebi diskebze, katalogebze da failebze tipiuri operaciebis Sesasruleblad. Rilakebis CamonaTvali avtomaturad icvleba imisda mixedviT, Tu romeli katalogia gaxsnili fanjaraSi (nax. 4.5). nax. 4.5 instrumentebis paneli Windowsw Explorer-is fanjaraSi Computer-is gaxsnis SemTxvevaSi
navigaciis paneli (Navigation pane) navigaciis panelis saSualebiT SesaZlebelia katalogebis ierarqiis standartuli doneebis zogierT sastarto wertilze swrafi gadasvla, sasurveli katalogis an failis swrafad sasurvel punqtze daWerisas misi Semcveloba ixsneba. Windows Explorer-is navigaciis panelis ekranze gamotana/damalvas emsaxureba reJimi Organize → Layout → Navigation pane. Cveulebriv SemTxvevaSi es reJimi CarTuli unda iyos. Windows Explorer-is detaluri informaciis paneli (Details pane) Windows Explorer-is fanjris qveda nawilSi moTavsebuli detaluri informaciis paneli (nax. 4.6) mimdinare obieqtis Sesaxeb zust informa-
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cias asaxavs. mocemul velSi SesaZlebelia obieqtis zogierTi Tvisebis redaqtirebac.
nax. 4.6. Windows Explorer-is detaluri informaciis paneli
Windows Explorer-is detaluri informaciis panelis ekranze gamotana/damalvas emsaxureba reJimi Organize → Layout → Details pane. Cveulebriv SemTxvevaSi es reJimi unda iyos CarTuli. winaswari daTvalierebis paneli (Preview pane) mocemuli veli emsaxureba grafikuli da teqsturi failebis, vebgverdebis da da a.S. winaswar daTvalierebas. rogorc wesi, Tavdapirvelad igi gamorTulia. misi CarTvisTvis virCevT erT-erT saSualebas:
instrumentebis panelSi vaWerT Rilakze
CavrTavT reJims _ Organize → Layout → Preview pane.
-Show the preview pane;
Windows Explorer-is mdgomareobis striqoni (Status Bar) Windows Explorer-is fanjris qveda nawilSi moTavsebuli mdgomareobis striqoni asaxavs mokle informacias mimdinare, an moniSnuli obieqtis Sesaxeb. mdgomareobis striqonSi Cveulebriv mieTiTeba katalogSi moTavsebuli obieqtebis raodenoba. obieqtebis moniSvnis SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba igive informacia moniSnuli obieqtebis Sesaxeb. ramdenadac obieqtis Sesaxeb informaciis miReba detaluri informaciis panelidan ufro mosaxerxebelia, mdgomareobis striqoni, rogorc wesi, Tavdapirvelad gamorTulia. misi CarTva/gamorTva sruldeba menius brZanebiT View Status Bar. komponentebis CarTva/gamorTva Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis daistalirebis Semdeg Windows Explorer-is fanjaras aqvs nax. 4.2-ze warmodgenili saxe. Tumca momxmarebels SemdgomSi sasurveli komponentebis CarTva/gamorTva SeuZlia. Windows Explorer-is fanjris saerTo xedis gawyobisTvis vasrulebT brZanebas Organize → Layout da almiT movniSnavT interfeiss im komponentebs, romelTa gamotanac gvinda ekranze:
Menu bar _ ZiriTadi meniu;
Details pane _ zusti informaciis paneli;
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Preview pane_ winaswari daTvalierebis paneli;
Navigation pane _ navigaciis paneli. agreTve SesaZlebelia qveda sainformacio striqonis (Status Bar)
gamotana ekranze (View Status Bar), Tumca Cveulebriv SemTxvevaSi am reJimis CarTva ar aris aucilebeli. imave mizans emsaxureba zusti informaciis paneli. _ Change your view instrumentis saSualebiT fanjris Semcvelobis warmodgenis formebi airCeva. 4.3. Windows Explorer-is navigaciis paneli (Navigation pane) momxmareblis moxerxebuli muSaobis uzrunvelyofisTvis zogierT katalogs gansakuTrebuli statusi aqvs miniWebuli da vinCesterze ganlagebis faqtiuri adgilis miuxedavad, ierarqiis zeda donezea warmodgenili. aseTi katalogebia:
Desktop _ samuSao magida. ierarqiis yvelaze maRal dones warmoadgens.
Libraries. mimdinare momxmareblis (saaRricxvo Canaweris) yvela biblioTekis krebuli.
moxmareblis (saaRricxvo Canaweris) piradi katalogi.
Network. qselis resursebisadmi wvdoma. masSi Cans qselSi CarTuli yvela kompiuteri.
Control panel. Seicavs sistemis marTvis da gawyobis sxvadasxva elementebisadmi mimarTvebs.
Recycle bin. masSi waSlili katalogebi da failebi Tavsdeba. navigaciis panelis komponentebi
Favorites. Tavdapirvelad Favorites siaSi warmodgenilia Desktop, Downloads da Recent places _ katalogebis sia, romelSic vimyofebodiT. mausiT gadatanis gziT masSi SeiZleba nebismieri katalogis Setana. am dros Favorites siaSi axali iarliyi iqmneba, xolo Tavad katalogi sawyis adgilas rCeba. katalogis mocilebisTvis masze vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs da vasrulebT brZanebas Remove. Libraries. biblioTekebi Windows 7-is erT-erTi mniSvnelovani siaxlea. biblioTekebis saSualebiT iqmneba katalogebis koleqciebi, romlebsac msgavsi Semcvelobebi gaaCniaT da miuxedavad imisa, rom es katalogebi SeiZleba sxvadasxva diskebze da sxvadasxva kompiutereb-
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Sic ki iyos Cawerili, momxmarebeli am katalogebTan rogorc erT mTlianTan, ise muSaobs. Windows 7-is instalaciis Semdeg sistemas oTxi biblioTeka gaaCnia _ Documents, Music, Pictures da Videos. biblioTekaSi axali katalogis damateba Semdegnairad sruldeba: katalogze vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs, konteqstur meniuSi virCevT brZanebas Include in Library da sasurvel biblioTekas vuTiTebT. katalogi sawyis adgilas rCeba, Tumca mis SemcvelobasTan muSaoba SesaZlebelia biblioTekis fanjaraSi. katalogis biblioTekidan mocilebisTvis vaWerT masze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT Remove location from library brZanebas. am dros sawyis adgilas katalogi fizikurad ar iSleba. katalogebis da failebis fizikuri waSla Delete-iT sruldeba. navigaciis panelSi damatebiTi komponentebis gamotana Tavdapirvelad navigaciis panelSi yvela komponenti ar aris warmodgenili. maTi CarTvisTvis vasrulebT brZanebas _ Organize → Folder and search options; CavrTavT reJims Show all folders. navigaciis panelSi daemateba Desktop-ze arsebuli katalogebi, mimdinare momxmareblis piradi katalogi, Recycle Bin da Control panel. 4.4. obieqtebis dalageba da warmodgenis formebi obieqtebis daageba (Sort by) vaWerT mausis marjveba klaviSs fanjris Semcvelobis cariel adgilas, an SevdivarT ViewSort by da virCevT erT-erT sasurvel variants.
Name _ Tavdapirvelad warmodgenili iqneba qvekatalogebis, xolo Semdeg _ failebis sia alfavitis mixedviT;
Date modified _ failebi dalagdeba mixedviT.
Type _ qvekatalogebis Semdeg failebi dalagdeba gafarToebebiT, alfavitis mixedviT;
Size _ qvekatalogebis Semdeg failebi dalagdeba moculobebis mixedviT; amave meniuSi SegviZlia avirCioT dalagebis Tanmimdevrobac.
Ascending _ anbanis mixedviT, jer axali, Semdeg Zveli, jer didi, Semdeg patara.
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redaqtireba-Senaxvis TariRis
Descending _ piriqiT. anbanis sawinaaRmdegod, jer Zveli, Semdeg axali, jer patara, Semdeg didi. imisda mixedviT, Tu romel katalogSi vimyofebiT, SeiZleba SemoTavazebuli iqnas dalagebis sxva meTodebic. magaliTad, Tu vimyofebiT katalogSi Music, SesaZlebelia dalageba Semsruleblebis, albomebis da a.S mixedviT. obieqtebis dajgufeba (Group by) dajgufebis reJimi saSualebas iZleva katalogis Semcveloba garkveuli niSan-Tvisebebis mixedviT, jgufebad daiyos. amisTvis mausis marjveba klaviSs vaWerT fanjris cariel adgilas, an SevdivarT View Group by da virCevT erT-erT sasurvel variants (Name, Date modified, Type, Size). failebi jgufebis mixedviT lagdeba. jgufis saTaurze mausis erTjeradi daWeriT jgufSi arsebuli yvela faili iniSneba, xolo orjeradi daWeriT xdeba jgufis CakecvagaSla. View → Expand all groups _ yvela jgufis Semcveloba gaiSleba; View → Collapse all groups _ yvela jgufis Semcveloba ikeceba. dajgufebis gauqmebisTvis vasrulebT brZanebas _ View → Group by → None. obieqtebis warmodgenis formebi Cveulebrivi zomis piqtogramebi yovelTvis ar warmoadgens informaciis asaxvis idealur saSualebas. Windows Explorer-Si SesaZlebelia piqtogramebis zomebis arCeva, xolo iseTi failebisTvis, rogorebicaa veb-gverdebi, suraTebi, video da a.S. piqtogramebis nacvlad obieqtis eskizebis Cvenebacaa SesaZlebeli. amrigad, Windows Explorer-Si obieqtebis warmodgenis ramdenime gansxvavebuli meTodi gamoiyeneba. warmodgenis wesis arCevisTvis erT-erT operacias vasrulebT:
vxsniT menius View;
vaWerT instrumentze Change your view;
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs fanjris cariel adgilas da virCevT View. ixsneba meniu, romlidanac avirCevT erT-erT, CvenTvis sasurvel variants.
mcire zomis iarliyebi (Small icons ) - am reJimSi yvela obieqti mcire zomis piqtogramis saxiT gamoCndeba.
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saSualo zomis iarliyebi (Medium icons) - standartuli miniaturebis nacvlad eskizuri zomis suraTebi gamoCndeba.
didi da Zalian didi zomis iarliyebi (Large icons da Extra large icons) wina reJimisgan mxolod piqtogramebis gazrdili zomebiT gamoirCeva. es reJimebi umetesad grafikuli obieqtebis daTvalierebis dros gamoiyeneba
siis (List) saxiT warmodgena - obieqtebi warmodgenili iqneba mcire zomis piqtogramebis saxiT, rac ekranze maqsimaluri raodenobis elementis erTdrouli gamotanis SesaZleblobas iZleva. piqtogramebis igive zomisaa, rac Small icons warmodgenis reJimis SemTxvevaSi, Tumca aris erTi gansxvaveba: failebi ara striqonebis, aramed svetebis mixedviT lagdeba, rac failebis didi raodenobis SemTxvevaSi bevrad mosaxerxebelia.
cxriluri (Details) warmodgena - katalogis yoveli elementisTvis moCans sxvadasxva saxis detaluri informacia. cxriluri warmodgena unikaluria im TvalsazrisiT, rom informacia warmodgenilia svetebis saxiT, romelTac Sesabamisi saTaurebi gaaCniaT. saTaurze daWerisas obieqtebi Sesabamisi maxasiaTeblis mixedviT lagdeba. saTaurze meorejer daWeriT obieqtebi imave maxasiaTeblis mixedviT, oRond piriqiT gadalagdeba. katalogSi Cawerili failebis tipebis mixedviT Windows Explorer Tavad irCevs sainformacio svetebis krebuls, Tumca momxmarebels Tavadac SeuZlia airCios is svetebi, romlebic ekranze obieqtebis cxriluri saxiT warmodgenis dros unda moCandes. amisTvis virCevT View Choose Details (nax. 4.7) da sasurvel poziciebs almiT movniSnavT.
nax. 4.7 ekranze gamosatani svetebis arCeva
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Cveulebriv CarTuli unda iyos Name (saxeli), Date modified (bolo redaqtireba/Senaxvis TariRi), Type (tipi), Size (zoma).
Semcvelobis (Content) saxiT warmodgena _ warmodgenis es varianti Windows 7-is siaxlea. igi saSualebas iZleva failebis Sesaxeb zusti informacia saSualo zomis piqtogramebis saxiT gamoCndes. es varianti avtomaturad CairTveba Windows ex-plorer-Si Zebnis operaciis Sesrulebis dros. fanjaraSi damatebiT SeiZleba aisaxebodes, magaliTad, teqstis fragmenti saZebni sityviT (nax. 4.8).
nax. 4.8. obieqtebis Semcvelobis (Content) saxiT warmodgena
piqtogramebis zomebis Secvla Windows 7-Si arsebobs piqtogramebis zomebis Secvlis SesaZlebloba. am mizniT vxsniT More options instruments da maCvenebels Extra large icons – Small icons Sualedur mdgomareobaSi gadaviyvanT. piqtogramebis zomebis Secvla agreTve SesaZlebelia Ctrl klaviSze daWerasTan erTad mausis borblis mobrunebiT. filtraciis reJimi filtraciis rejimi failebis erTi, an ramdenime jgufis dasaTvaliereblad gamoiyeneba. SegviZlia garkveuli pirobebi avirCioT, romlis mixedviTac failebis gafiltvra moxdeba. (nax. 4.9).
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nax. 4.9 filtris dayeneba failis tipis mixedviT
vasrulebT Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas: 1. virCevT failebis warmodgenis formas _ View Details; 2. vaWerT sasurveli svetis marjvniv arsebul isarze da almebs sasurvel jgufebze vayenebT. filtracia SeiZleba erTdroulad ramdenime svetis mixedviTac Sesruldes. filtraciis gasauqmeblad movxsniT almebs, an davaWerT instrumentze Back. 4.5. katalogebTan da failebTan muSaoba Windows Explorer-Si katalogis Seqmna unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom Windows Explorer-Si axali katalogi im katalogSi iqmneba, romelSic mocemul momentSi vimyofebiT. katalogis Sesaqmnelad winaswar vxsniT `mSobel~ katalogs da erT-erT operacias vasrulebT:
mausis
marjvena
klaviSs
vaWerT
fanjris
cariel
adgilas
da
konteqsturi meniudan virCevT New Folder;
instrumentebis panelSi vaWerT New folder Rilakze;
meniudan virCevT brZanebas File New Folder; 2. ekranze gamoCndeba iarliyi dasaxelebiT New Folder. SevitanT katalogis saxels. 3. vaWerT klaviSa Enter-s, an mauss ekranis cariel adgilas.
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dokumentis Seqmna 1. winaswar vxsniT `mSobel~ katalogs da vasrulebT erT-erT operacias:
mausis marjvena klaviSs vaWerT fanjris cariel adgilas da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT New sasurveli magaliTad, Microsoft Office Word Document-s;
programis
saxels,
meniudan virCevT brZanebas File New sasurveli programis saxels, magaliTad, Microsoft Office Word Document-s. 2. ekranze Cndeba iarliyi Sesabamisi programis logotipiT da dasaxelebiT, magaliTad, New Microsoft Word Document. SevitanT failis saxels. rogorc vxedavT, obieqtebis Seqmnis meniu (nax. 4.10) sakmaod universaluria. igi obieqtebis farTo speqtris Seqmnis saSualebas iZleva. Windows-is instalaciis Semdeg obieqtebis sia standartulia, Tumca axali programebis dainstalirebis Semdeg siaSi axali elementebi emateba.
nax. 4.10. obieqtebis Seqmnis meniu
SeniSvna: katalogebis da failebis saxelebSi ar SeiZleba / \ | ~ : * ? < > simboloebis gamoyeneba. failebisa da katalogebis moniSvnis (Select) wesebi nebismieri operacia, romelic erT katalogze, an failze sruldeba, SeiZleba maTi jgufisTvisac Sesruldes. amisTvis saWiroa Sesabamisi iarliyebis winaswari moniSvna. Windows-Si katalogebisa da failebis moniSvnis ramdenime meTodi gamoiyeneba.
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ramdenime iarliyis moniSvna mausis maCveneblis gadaadgilebiT 1. mausis maCvenebels mivitanT mosaniSni jgufis pirveli iarliyis maxloblad, Tumca ara uSualod iarliyze; 2. vaWerT mauss da konturul marTkuTxeds mosaniSn obieqtebze gavWimavT. Cavlebuli obieqtebi avtomaturad iniSneba; 3. jgufis yvela obieqtis moniSvnisas avuSvebT mauss. mravlobiTi moniSvna da klaviSebis gamoyenebiT Tu saWiroa elementebis iseTi jgufis moniSvna, romlebic ar arian dajgufebulni, SesaZlebelia , an klaviSebis gamoyeneba mausTan kombinaciaSi. Tavdapirvelad pirveli obieqti unda moiniSnos. pirveli obieqtis moniSvnis Semdeg sxva gancalkevebulad ganTavsebuli elementebis moniSvna xdeba klaviSis daWeriT da moniSvnis operaciis erTdrouli SesrulebiT. igive operaciis Sesruleba ukve moniSnul obieqtze iwvevs misTvis moniSvnis gauqmebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom moniSvnis es meTodi yvelaze Sromatevadia, igi yvelaze universaluria, radgan failebis nebismieri kombinaciis moniSvnis saSualebas iZleva. TanmimdevrobiT ganTavsebuli iarliyebis jgufis (diapazonis) moniSvnisTvis vasrulebT Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas: 1. vniSnavT jgufis pirvel (an bolo) elements; 2. vaWerT klaviSs da mis auSveblad vniSnavT jgufis bolo (an pirvel) elements; 3. vuSvebT klaviSs. moniSvna klaviaturis saSualebiT TanmimdevrobiT ganTavsebuli iarliyebis jgufis (diapazonis) moniSvna klaviaturiTacaa SesaZlebeli. amisTvis Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. movniSnavT jgufis pirvel (an bolo) elements; 2. vaWerT klaviSs da mis auSveblad vaWerT kursoris gadasaadgilebel romelime klaviSs _ , , , , Home, End, Page Up, Page Down. am dros iniSneba TanmimdevrobiT ganTavsebuli iarliyebis jgufi (diapazoni) sawyisi moniSnuli iarliyidan Sesabamisi mimarTulebiT.
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katalogSi Cawerili obieqtebis umetesobis moniSvna rodesac saWiroa katalogSi Cawerili obieqtebis umetesobis (magram ara yvela obieqtis) moniSvna, vasrulebT Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas: 1. vniSnavT im obieqtebs, romlebic ar gvinda rom moiniSnos; 2. meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Invert Selection. katalogSi arsebuli yvela iarliyis moniSvna amisTvis erT-erTi meTodi SegviZlia gamoviyenoT:
meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Select All;
instrumentebidan virCevT brZanebas Organize Select All;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias . katalogisTvis da failisTvis saxelis Secvla (Rename)
katalogisTvis da failisTvis saxelis Secvla nebismier SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli, Tumca am operaciis Sesruleba rekomendirebulia mxolod momxmareblis mier Seqmnili katalogebisTvis da failebisTvis. programuli katalogebisTvis da failebisTvis saxelis Secvlam sistemisTvis katastrofuli Sedegi SeiZleba gamoiwvios. saxelis SecvlisTvis erT-erTi operacia unda SevasruloT:
vaWerT katalogze, an failze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Rename;
vniSnavT sasurvel catalogs, an fails da meniudan virCevT brZanebas File Rename;
vniSnavT sasurvel katalogs, an fails da instrumentebidan vir-
CevT brZanebas Organize Rename. katalogis, an failis iarliyis qveviT warwera galurjdeba da mocimcime kursori gamoCndeba. SevitanT axal saxels, romelic Zvels Caanacvlebs. erTdroulad ramdenime failisTvis saxelis Secvla SesaZlebelia ramdenime failisTvis saxelis erTdrouli Secvla. amisTvis failebi winaswar unda movniSnoT da CvenTvis cnobili brZa-
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neba Rename SevasruloT. pirvel fails daerqmeva Cvens mier miTiTebuli saxeli, xolo danarCen failebs mieniWeba igive saxeli (1), (2) da a.S simboloebis damatebiT. katalogebis da failebis waSla wasaSleli obieqtebi winaswar unda movniSnoT waSlis erT-erTi, CvenTvis mosaxerxebeli gza.
da
avirCioT
vaWerT wasaSlel obieqtze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Delete;
vniSnavT fails da vaWerT klaviSas
obieqts mausiT gadavitanT Recycle bin-ze;
meniudan virCevT brZanebas File Delete;
;
instrumentebidan virCevT brZanebas Organize Delete. vinCesteridan waSlili katalogebi da failebi Recycle Bin katalogSi gadaadgildeba, xolo moxsnadi matareblebidan waSlili katalogebi da failebi maSinve iSleba.
bolo Sesrulebuli moqmedebis gauqmeba/aRdgena (Undo/Redo) bolo Sesrulebuli moqmedebis gauqmebisTvis ramdenime gza arsebobs. virCevT CvenTvis mosaxerxebels.
vaWerT fanjris cariel adgilas mausis marjvena konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Undo;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias ;
meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Undo;
klaviSs
da
instrumentebis palitridan virCevT brZanebas Organize Undo. sistema imaxsovrebs sxvadasxva operaciebis gansxvavebul raodenobas. magaliTad, gauqmebis brZanebebis Tanmimdevruli SesrulebiT SesaZlebelia bolo aTi Rename brZanebis gauqmeba. arsebobs bolo gauqmebuli brZanebis aRdgenis saSualebebic. virCevT CvenTvis mosaxerxebels.
vaWerT fanjris cariel adgilas mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Redo;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias ;
meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Redo;
instrumentebis palitridan virCevT brZanebas Organize Redo.
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4.6. failebis gadawera da gadaadgileba failebis organizaciis mxardaWera maT gadaweras da gadaadgilebas moiTxovs. gamoiyeneba ori termini:
wyaro _ mowyobiloba da katalogi, romelSic Cawerilia gadasaweri, an gadasaadgilebeli failebi;
mizani _ mowyobiloba da katalogi, romelSic unda moTavsdes gadasaweri, an gadasaadgilebeli failebi. failebis gadaadgileba niSnavs maT waSlas sawyis adgilas (wyaro) da Caweras daniSnulebis adgilas (mizani), xolo gadawera gulisxmobs daniSnulebis adgilas failis meore egzemplaris Seqmnas. failebis gadawera da gadaadgileba mausiT gadatanis meTodiT 1. samuSao magidaze unda gavxsnaT rogorc wyaros, agreTve miznis fanjrebi; 2. fanjrebis ekranze erTdrouli gamoCenisTvis vcvliT maT zomebs da adgilmdebareobas ekranze; 3. fanjara-wyaroSi movniSnavT failebs, romlebic gvinda gadavweroT, an gadavaadgiloT. 4. mausis marcxena klaviSiT gadagvaqvs failebi fanjara-mizanSi. Tu rogorc wyaros, agreTve miznis fanjrebi erT logikur ganyofilebaSia ganTavsebuli, failebi gadaadgildeba; Tu wyaros da miznis fanjrebi sxvadasxva logikur ganyofilebebSia ganTavsebuli, failebi gadaiwereba; Tu gadatanis dros paralelurad davaWerT klaviSs, failebi nebismier SemTxvevaSi gadaiwereba; Tu gadatanis dros paralelurad davaWerT klaviSs, failebi nebismier SemTxvevaSi gadaadgildeba; Tu gadatanis dros paralelurad davaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias _ am SemTxvevaSi moxdeba failis Shortcut-is Seqmna. ufro mosaxerxebelia failebis gadatana mausis marjvena klaviSiT. mausis aSvebisas gamoCndeba meniu. virCevT sasurvel brZanebas: Copy here _ failebis gadawera; Move here _ failebis gadaadgileba; Create Shortcut Here _ failebis Shortcut-ebis Seqmna; Cancel _ operaciis gauqmeba. failebis gadaweris, an gadaadgilebis dros SeiZleba Seiqmnas situacia, rodesac faili igive saxeliT katalog-mizanSi ukve arse-
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bobs. am SemTxvevaSi operaciis Sesrulebamde gamoCndeba fanjara gafrTxilebiT (nax. 4.11), romelSic samidan erT-erTi moqmedeba unda avirCioT. Copy and Replace _ Seicvalos arsebuli faili; Don’t copy _ gauqmdes gadaweris operacia; Copy, but keep both files _ moxdes kopireba, fails sxva saxeli mieniWos.
nax. 4.11. gafrTxileba failebis saxelebis damTxvevis Sesaxeb
gadawera da gadaadgileba Cut, Copy da Paste brZanebebis gamoyenebiT failebis gadaadgilebisTvis gamoiyeneba Cut (amoWra) da Paste (Casma), xolo gadawerisTvis _ Copy (kopireba) da Paste operaciebis Tanmimdevroba. mTliani procedura Semdegnairad gamoiyureba. 1. vxsniT wyaro-katalogs Windows Explorer-is ZiriTad fanjaraSi; 2. vniSnavT obieqtebs, romlebzedac operacia sruldeba; 3. Tu gvinda failebis gadaadgileba, vasrulebT erT-erT operacias:
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs moniSnul obieqtze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Cut.
ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Cut;
instrumentebis meniudan virCevT brZanebas Organize Cut;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias < Ctrl+X>. Tu gvinda failebis gadawera, vasrulebT erT-erT operacias:
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs moniSnul obieqtze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Copy.
ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Copy;
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instrumentebis meniudan virCevT brZanebas Organize Copy;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias < Ctrl+C>. 4. CawerisTvis vxsniT katalog-mizans da vasrulebT erT-erT operacias:
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs ZiriTadi fanjris cariel adgilas da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Paste.
ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Paste;
instrumentebis meniudan virCevT brZanebas Organize Paste;
vaWerT klaviSebis kombinacias < Ctrl+V>. gadawera da gadaadgileba buferuli mexsierebis gamoyenebis gareSe
failebis gadawerisTvis da gadaadgilebisTvis saWiro brZanebebi warmodgenilia ZiriTad meniuSi. vasrulebT Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas: 1. vxsniT wyaro-katalogs Windows Explorer-is ZiriTad fanjaraSi; 2. vniSnavT obieqtebs, romlebzedac sruldeba gadaweris, an gadaadgilebis operacia; 3. Tu gvinda failebis gadaadgileba, ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Move to folder, xolo Tu gvinda failebis gadawera, ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Edit Copy to folder, 4. gamoCndeba dialoguri fanjara Move items (gadaadgilebis SemTxvevaSi), an Copy items (gadaweris SemTxvevaSi) (nax. 4.12), romelSic im katalogs movniSnavT, romelSic gvinda obieqtebis Cawera;
nax. 4.12. dialoguri fanjara Copy items
5. vaWerT Rilakze Move (gadaadgilebis SemTxvevaSi), an Copy (gadaweris SemTxvevaSi).
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kopios Seqmna imave katalogSi am mizniT SegviZlia gamoviyenoT rogorc mausiT gadatanis, aseve kopireba-Casmis operacia. pirvel SemTxvevaSi movniSnavT obieqtebs, vaWerT klaviSs da mis auSveblad, mausiT movaxdenT obieqtebis gadatanas imave fanjris cariel adgilas. meore SemTxvevaSi movniSnavT obieqtebs da vaWerT (SegviZlia gamoviyenoT Copy brZanebis Sesrulebis alternatiuli saSualebebic), xolo Semdeg (an Paste brZanebis Sesrulebis romelime alternatiuli saSualeba). kopirebis operaciis Sesrulebis Sedegad miRebul failebs unarCundebaT originaluri saxelebi, romlebTac ematebaT bolosarTi … - copy. gadawera pirdapiri gadagzavnis gziT vasrulebT Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas: 1. vxsniT wyaro-katalogs Windows Explorer-is ZiriTad fanjaraSi; 2. vniSnavT obieqtebs, romlebzedac gadaweris operacia sruldeba; 3. vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs moniSnul obieqtze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Send To, an ZiriTadi meniudan virCevT brZanebas File Send To; 4. gamoCndeba meniu (nax. 4.13), romelSic virCevT sasurvel adgils gadasagzavnad:
nax. 4.13. meniu Send To.
Compressed (zipped) Folder _ iqmneba obieqtis arqivi imave katalogSi;
Desktop (create shortcut) _ iqmneba obieqtis iarliyi samuSao magidaze;
Files (F:) _ failebi Flash-damgrovebelSi gadaiwereba.
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Tavi 5 katalogebis da failebis SekumSva mravali sxvadasxva tipis failis moculoba SeiZleba mniSvnelovnad Semcirdes, Tu SekumSvis romelime algoriTms gamoviyenebT. SekumSva ZIP formatis gamoyenebiT ZIP-katalogebTan muSaoba TiTqmis arafriT ar gansxvavdeba Cveulebriv katalogebze Catarebuli moqmedebebisgan. momxmarebels SeuZlia ZIP-katalogidan gaxsnas dokumenti, moaxdinos failebis gadawera da gadaadgileba, Seasrulos sxva operaciebi. failis ZIP-katalogSi moTavsebisas igi avtomaturad ikumSeba, xolo ZIP-katalogidan amoRebisas misi moculoba avtomaturad aRdgeba. SesaZlebelia ZIP-katalogidan programis gamoZaxebac, Tumca es mxolod maSinaa SesaZlebeli, rodesac programa mxolod erTi Sesrulebadi failisgan Sedgeba. Tu programa muSaobisTvis arqivSi moTavsebul sxva failebsac moiTxovs, arqivi winaswar aucileblad unda gaixsnas. ZIP-arqivis SeqmnisTvis da masSi failebis moTavsebisTvis Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. Windows explorer-is fanjaraSi vniSnavT arqivSi mosaTavsebel failebs. 2. vasrulebT brZanebas Send to → Compressed (Zipped) folder. Seiqmneba ZIP-arqivi yvela moniSnuli failiT. arqivis saxeli im failis saxels Seesabameba, romelzedac davaWireT mausis marjvena klaviSiT. erTi an ramdenime daarqivebuli failis gaxsnisTvis maTi sasurvel adgilas kopireba unda movaxdinoT. ZIP-arqivis mTlianad gaxsnisTvis Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs arqivze da vasrulebT brZanebas Extract …. 2. Browse-iT virCevT katalogs, romelSic gvinda daarqivebuli failebis gaxsna. SeniSvna: ZIP-arqivebTan zemoTmoyvanili meTodebiT muSaoba mxolod maSin aris SesaZlebeli, rodesac kompiuterSi ar aris dainstalirebuli arqivaciis sxva programebi, magaliTad WinRAR.
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arqivaciis programa WinRAR amJamad WinRAR arqivaciis yvelaze gavrcelebul programas warmoadgens. WinRAR arqivis SeqmnisTvis Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT:
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs obieqtze (failze, an katalogze), romlisTvisac vqmniT arqivs da vasrulebT brZanebas _ Add to "saxeli. rar" _ arqivi imave saxeliT da imave adgilas iqmneba, rogorc sawyisi obieqti.
vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs obieqtze (failze, an katalogze), romlisTvisac vqmniT arqivs da vasrulebT brZanebas _ Add to archive… gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Archive name and parameters. Archive name and parameters fanjris General CanarTis (nax. 5.1) Archive name poziciaSi SegviZlia SevitanoT arqivis saxeli, xolo Browse Rilakze daWeriT _ misi Senaxvis adgili.
nax. 5.1. fanjara Archive name and parameters. CanarTi General Split to volumes, bytes poziciaSi SegviZlia mivuTiToT daarqivebuli failis maqsimaluri moculoba, rac mniSvnelovania SezRuduli moculobis moxsnadi matareblebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi. magaliTad, Tu arqivis Cawera CD-diskebzea gaTvaliswinebuli, maqsimalur moculobad unda mieTiTos 700 mb. bunebrivia, am dros ramdenime daarqivebuli faili SeiZleba Seiqmnas, romlebic erTmaneTis gagrZelebas warmoadgens. SesaZlebelia arqivis paroliT dacvac. amisTvis unda gaixsnas CanarTi Advanced (nax. 5.2).
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nax. 5.1. fanjara Archive name and parameters. CanarTi Advanced Set Password Rilakze daWeriT gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Archiving with password. Enter password poziciaSi SevitanT parols; Reenter password for verification _ SevitanT parols ganmeorebiT; OK Rilakze daWeriT vadasturebT arqivis Seqmnas. arqivis gaxsnisTvis vaWerT masze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT erT-erT brZanebas:
Extract files _ vuTiTebT adgils, sadac gvinda arqivSi moTavsebuli obieqtebis gaxsna;
Extract here _ arqivSi moTavsebuli obieqtebi gaixsneba mimdinare katalogSi (imave adgilas, sadac Cawerilia arqivi);'
Extract `arqivis saxeli~ _ mimdinare katalogSi Seiqmneba axali katalogi imave saxeliT, rogorc arqivs da masSi gaixsneba arqivSi moTavsebuli obieqtebi.
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Tavi 6 failebisa da katalogebis moZebna Tanamedrove damgroveblebSi failebis raodenoba aseulobiT aTass da milionebs SeiZleba aRwevdes. miuxedavad imisa, Tu ramdenad kargadaa organizebuli kompiuterSi failebi da katalogebi, momxmarebels SeiZleba daaviwydes ama Tu im obieqtis adgilmdebareoba. amas garda, periodulad adgili aqvs situacias, rodesac saWiroa msgavsi Tvisebebis mqone failebis inventarizacia imisda miuxedavad, Tu ra adgilas arian isini Cawerilni. 6.1. Search Companion (damxmare moZebnaSi) Search Companion warmoadgens Windows Explorer-is mier SemoTavazebul saSualebas kompiuteris sxvadasxva katalogebSi garkveuli tipis failebis da katalogebis moZebnisTvis. failebis moZebnisTvis ar aris aucilebeli maTi zusti saxelebis codna, Tumca moZebnis dros mniSvnelovnad dagvexmareba Semdegi informacia:
failis Seqmnis, Senaxvis, an bolo CatvirTvis dro;
failis sruli saxeli, saxelis nawili, an gafarToeba;
sityva, an fraza, romelsac Seicavs dokumenti, an dokumentis Tvisebebi;
failis miaxloebiTi zoma. Search Companion-s SeuZlia failebi eZebos diskebis mTel sivrceSi, vinCesterze, katalogebSi Tavis qvekatalogebTan erTad, an maT gareSe. Windows 7-Si Zebnas Semdegi Taviseburebebi gaaCnia:
moZebnis dawyebisTvis ar aris saWiro raime brZanebis Sesruleba, radgan Zebnis striqoni isedac warmodgenilia Start meniuSi, Windows Explorer-Si da Control panel-Si;
Zebnis Sedegebi Cndeba ramdenime simbolos Setanis Semdeg;
indeqsirebis gaumjobesebuli saSualebebis gamoyenebiT momxmareblis pirad katalogebSi da biblioTekebSi obieqtebi Zalian swrafad iZebneba;
indeqsirebul katalogebSi Zalian swrafad sruldeba Zebna failis damatebiTi atributebis mixedviT, magaliTad, teqsturi dokumentebis moZebna maTSi arsebuli raime sityvis, an frazis mixedviT;
SesaZlebelia Zebnis moTxovnis Senaxva, rac saSualebas iZleva nebismier dros Sesruldes ganmeorebiTi moZebna.
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swrafi moZebnisTvis Windows-s indeqsirebis specialuri samsaxuri gaaCnia, romelic aTvalierebs momxmareblis katalogebs da inaxavs informacias specialur bazaSi, romelsac indeqsi ewodeba. Windows-is dainstalirebis Semdeg indeqsirebas eqvemdebareba momxmareblis piradi katalogebi da biblioTekebis Semcveloba, Tumca momxmarebels Tavadac SeuZlia indeqsSi nebismieri katalogis damateba. failis tipidan gamomdinare indeqsSi sxvadasxva damatebiTi Tvisebebi Seitaneba. magaliTad, teqsturi failebisTvis indeqsSi failis mTeli Semcveloba Seitaneba. Mmiuxedavad imisa, rom indeqsirebis samsaxuri fonur reJimSi muSaobs, igi sistemuri resursebis garkveul nawils moiTxovs. amitom zedmeti katalogebiT indeqsirebis samsaxuris datvirTva ar aris mizanSewonili. 6.2. niRbebis gamoyeneba moZebnis dros niRbis gamoyeneba saSualebas iZleva failebi garkveuli niSnis mixedviT moiZebnos. niRbis safuZvelia `*~ simbolo, romelic failis saxelSi da gafarToebaSi nebismieri simboloebis kombinaciis alternativas warmoadgens. magaliTad, ganvixiloT failebis jgufi: 1. tamari.txt 2. giorgi.txt 3. tamriko.txt 4. gio.docx 5. giorgi.docx 6. tamari.docx maTi moZebnisaTvis SegviZlia sxvadasxva niRbebi gamoviyenoT: *.* _ nebismieri saxeli. nebismieri gafarToeba. moiZebneba 1-6 failebi; *.txt _ saxeli nebismieri. gafarToeba txt. moiZebneba 1-3 failebi; *.docx _ saxeli nebismieri. gafarToeba docx. moiZebneba 4-6 failebi; tamari.* _ saxeli tamari. gafarToeba nebismieri. moiZebneba 1-li da me-6 failebi; giorgi.* _ saxeli giorgi. gafarToeba nebismieri. moiZebneba me-2 da me-5 failebi; tam*.* _ saxeli iwyeba tam-ze, SeiZleba grZeldebodes nebismieri simboloebiT. gafarToeba nebismieri. moiZebneba 1-eli, me-3 da me-6 failebi;
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gio*.* _ saxeli iwyeba gio-ze, SeiZleba grZeldebodes nebismieri simboloebiT. gafarToeba nebismieri. moiZebneba me-2, me-4 da me-5 failebi; tam*.txt _ saxeli iwyeba tam-ze, SeiZleba grZeldebodes nebismieri simboloebiT. gafarToeba txt. moiZebneba 1-eli da me-3 failebi; gio*.docx _ saxeli iwyeba gio-ze, SeiZleba grZeldebodes nebismieri simboloebiT. gafarToeba docx. moiZebneba me-4 da me-5 failebi. unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom failis sruli an nawilobrivi saxelis nacvlad niRbis gamoyeneba Zebnis sxva kriteriumebis gamoyenebas ar zRudavs. 6.3 Zebnis striqonis gamoyeneba Zebnis CaSenebul saSualebebTan muSaoba sakmaod advilia. magaliTad, biblioTekaSi dokumentis moZebnisTvis gavxsniT am biblioTekas da Zebnis striqonSi SevitanT failis saxelis, an masSi arsebuli teqstis fragmentis pirvel asoebs. Zebnis Sedegebi momentalurad gamoCndeba Windows Explorer-is fanjaraSi (nax. 6.1).
nax. 6.1. indeqsirebul katalogSi Zebnis Sedegi
Zebnis dros Semdegi Taviseburebebi unda gaviTvaliswinoT.
Zebna mimdinare katalogSi da yvela qvekatalogSi sruldeba.
indeqsirebul katalogebSi Zebna failis yvela Tvisebis mixedviT sruldeba (magaliTad, failis saxeli, failis Siga teqsti, gasaRebi sityva, sxva atributebi). 6.4. damatebiTi kriteriumebi failebis moZebnisaTvis
SesaZlebelia Zebnis arealis mniSvnelovani Seviwroeba, Tu failis bolo gamoyenebis dros mivuTiTebT. amisTvis vaWerT mauss Zebnis striqonSi da virCevT ganyofilebas Date modified (nax. 6.2). 41
nax. 6.2. ganyofileba When was is modified
SegviZlia avirCioT:
A long time ago _ ar gvaxsovs failze bolo mimarTvis dro, an Zebnis areali failze bolo mimarTvis drois mixedviT ar gvinda SevaviwrovoT;
Earlier this year, Earlier this month, Last week, Earlier last week, Yesterday _ TariRis konkretuli diapazonebi. Authors _ SegviZlia mivuTiToT mosaZebni failebis avtori; Type _ mosaZebni failebis tipi; Syze _ mosaZebni failebis zoma. SegviZlia ramdenime filtris Tanmimdevruli gamoyenebac. moZebnis Sedegebis daTvalierebisTvis SegviZlia gamoviyenoT dalageba, dajgufeba, gafiltvra da Windows Explorer-is sxva saSualebebi. moTxovnis Setanis dros obieqtebi mimdinare katalogSi da mis qvekatalogebSi iZebneba. Tu faili ver moiZebna, SegviZlia Zebnis sxva katalogebSi gagrZeleba. amisTvis Search again in poziciaSi virCevT erTerT mimarTvas. Libraries. moZebna yvela biblioTekaSi moxdeba. Computer. moZebna yvela lokalur diskze moxdeba. am SemTxvevaSi Zebnis procesi SeiZleba didxans gagrZeldes. Custom. gamoCndeba fanjara Choose Search Location (nax. 6.3), romelSic failebis moZebnisTvis erTi an ramdenime katalogi SegviZlia avirCioT. Internet. gaixsneba Internet Explorer-is fanjara, romelSic Zebna momxmareblis mier arCeuli ZiriTadi samZebro serveris gamoyenebiT Sesruldeba.
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nax. 6.3. katalogebis arCevis fanjara moZebnisaTvis
File contents. es varianti araindeqsirebul katalogebSi failebis moZebnis dros gamoiyeneba. igi SesaZleblobas iZleva moxdes failebis ganmeorebiTi moZebna maTi Semcvelobebis mixedviT. indeqsirebul katalogebSi Semcvelobis mixedviT Zebna avtomaturad sruldeba, xolo araindeqsirebul katalogebSi SeiZleba sakmaod didxans gagrZeldes, amitom aucileblobis gareSe misi gamoyeneba ar aris mizanSewonili. 6.5. Zebnis kriteriumebis Senaxva da ganmeorebiTi gamoyeneba Zebnis parametrebis erTobliobas, romelic gamoyenebuli iqna Search Companion-is mier, SeiZleba saerTo termini _ Zebnis kriteriumi ewodos. rodesac erTi da igive maxasiaTeblebis mqone failebis xSirad moZebnaa saWiro, sasurvelia formirebuli kriteriumis Senaxva. amisTvis Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. SevitanT Zebnis kriteriumebs; 2. Windows Explorer-is fanjaraSi vaWerT Rilakze Save Search; 3. virCevT, an vqmniT katalogs, romelSic unda SevinaxoT kriteriumi; 4. kriteriumis fails varqmevT saxels da vaWerT Rilaks Save. sistema failis Senaxvas gvTavazobs User (saaRricxvo Canaweris saxeli)/Searches qvekatalogSi. ganmeorebiTi CatvirTvisTvis Zebnis kriteriumis failebi avtomaturad gamoCndeba Windows Explorer -is Favorites siaSi.A
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Tavi 7 CONTROL PANEL Windows 7 sistemaSi yvela mowyobilobisa da elementis parametri gaerTianebulia Control Panel-Si. Control Panel-is gamoZaxeba SesaZlebelia Start Control panel brZanebiT, an Computer fanjaraSi Open Control panel Rilakze daWeriT. View by Rilakze daWeriT virCevT elemetebis warmodgenis erT-erT formas.
Category _ Control Panel-is iarliyebi kategoriebis mixedviT jgufdeba. kategoriis iarliyze daWeriT misi Sesabamisi elementebi ixsneba.
Large icons _ yvela elementi erT fanjaraSi, didi zomis miniaturebis saxiT gamoisaxeba (nax. 7.1). Control Panel-is fanjris swored aseTi tipi gamoiyeneba Windows-is sxva versiebSi.
Small icons _ yvela elementi erT fanjaraSi, mcire zomis miniaturebis saxiT gamoisaxeba. Control Panel specialur katalogs warmoadgens, amitom mis meniuSi da instrumentebis panelSi Setanilia Windows Explorer-is brZanebebi. Control Panel-is fanjara SegviZlia gadavitanoT, vcvaloT misi zomebi da SevasruloT yvela is brZaneba, romelic programul fanjrebze sruldeba.
nax.7.1. Control Panel-is klasikuri tipis fanjara
7.1. Personalization samuSao magidis mowyobisTvis personalizaciis fanjara gamoiyeneba. mis gamosaZaxeblad vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs samuSao 44
magidis cariel adgilas da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT _ Personalize, an vasrulebT brZanebas _
Start Control Panel Personalization.
samuSao magidis Temebi (Themes) samuSao magidis Tema _ es aris gaformebis parametrebis erTianoba, romelic erT stilSia gadawyvetili (nax. 7.2). Windows 7-s Semdegi samuSao Temebi gaaCnia:
nax. 7.2. samuSao Temebi
Aero Themes _ am Temis arCevisas Windows Aero stilis efeqtebi amoqmeddeba. Windows 7-s sakuTari maRali xarisxis suraTebis baza gaaCnia. es suraTebi erTmaneTs cvlian garkveuli drois intervalis Semdeg. Windows 7 Basic _ am Temis arCevis SemTxvevaSi ekranis gaformeba Windows Aero-sgan TiTqmis ar gansxvavdeba, Tumca vizualuri efeqtebs adgili ar eqneba. es stili avtomaturad yendeba, Tu kompiuters moZvelebuli videosistema gaaCnia, an stili Windows Aero garkveuli mizezebis gamo aris gamorTuli. Windows 7 Classic _ am Temis arCevis SemTxvevaSi fanjrebi da marTvis sxva elementebi iseTive iqneba, rogorc Windows-is Zvel versiebSi. High Contrast _ gamoiyeneba specialur SemTxvevebSi iseTi momxmareblebis mier, romlebsac mxedvelobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi gaaCniaT. Get more themes online _ momxmarebels SeuZlia internetidan axali Temebis damateba.
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ferebis sqemis arCeva Personalization fanjaraSi vaWerT Window color poziciaze da virCevT sasurvel fers (nax. 7.3).
nax. 7.3. ferebis arCeva
Enable transparency _ gamWvirvaloba; Color intencity _ feris intensiuroba. Advanced appearance settings Rilakze daWeriT gaixsneba fanjara Window Color and Appearance (nax. 7.4).
nax. 7.4. gaformebis fanjara Item poziciaSi virCevT sasurvel komponents da Semdeg misTvis vayenebT sasurvel zomas, fers da Srifts. am SemTxvevaSi ekranis
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gamosaxuleba SeiZleba mniSvnelovnad damaxinjdes. saukeTeso gamosavalia romelime standartuli sqemis arCeva. fonuri suraTis arCeva personalizaciis fanjaraSi (nax. 7.2) vaWerT Rilakze Desktop background. gaixsneba fonuri suraTs arCevis fanjara (nax. 7.5) Picture location poziciaSi avtomaturad gaaqtiurdeba Windows Desktop Backgrounds da Windows\Web\Wallpaper qvekatalogSi Cawerili suraTebi gamoCndeba.
nax. 7.5. fonuri suraTis arCevis fanjara ekranis foni Semdegnairad formdeba: fonis suraTis asarCevad erTxel vaWerT suraTze mausiT; fonuri suraTebis avtomaturi SecvlisTvis (slaid-Sou) movniSnavT sasurvels suraTebs almebis saSualebiT, ris Semdegac Change picture every poziciaSi eskizebis cvlilebis sixSires avirCevT. Picture location poziciaSi SegviZlia avirCioT sxva standaruli katalogebi suraTebisTvis, an saerTod uari vTqvaT suraTebze da Solid color – erTi feri avirCioT. Tu CvenTvis sasurveli suraTi warmodgenil siaSi ar aris, vaWerT Rilakze Browse da virCevT mas. suraTis ekranze sasurveli ganlagebisTvis Picture position poziciaSi virCevT sasurvel variants.
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Fill _ suraTi gaiweleba samuSao magidis srul zomebamde damaxinjebis gareSe. Tumca kideebSi suraTi SeiZleba moiWras; Fit _ suraTi samuSao magidis srul zomebamde, damaxinjebis gareSe gaiweleba. Tumca kideebSi SeiZleba fonis feri gamoCndes; Stretch _ suraTi samuSao magidis srul zomebamde gaiweleba. proporcia SeiZleba dairRves. Tile _ ganmeorebadi suraTi sawyisi zomebiT, romelic mTel ekrans avsebs; Center _ suraTi ekranis SuaSi, sawyisi zomebiT ganTavsdeba; ekranis damcvelis (Screen Saver) arCeva
ekranis damcvels uwodeben gamosaxulebas (rogorc wesi, animaciurs), romelic garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi kompiuteris umoqmedobis SemTxvevaSi samuSao magidaze gamoisaxeba. ekranis damcvelis arCevisTvis Personalization fanjaraSi vaWerT Screen Saver poziciaze (nax. 7.6).
nax.7.6. fanjara Screen Saver
Screen Saver poziciaSi virCevT erT-erT fails. maT Soris faili Photos TanmimdevrobiT, slaid-Sou reJimSi gamosaxavs suraTebs, romlebic Cawerilia Pictures qvekatalogSi. Tu gvinda slaid-Sou sxva katalogidan gaiSvas, SevdivarT Settings
Browse da virCevT sasurvel katalogs.
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ekranis damcvelis realur moqmedebaSi sanaxavad vaWerT Rilakze Preview, xolo kompiuteris umoqmedobis dros (wuTebSi), romlis Semdegac ekranis damcveli gaiSveba, Wait poziciaSi vayenebT. Tu alams On resume, display welcome screen poziciaSi davayenebT, ekranis damcvelis moxsnis Semdeg ekranze ara samuSao magida, aramed misalmebis fanjara gamoCndeba. samuSao magidis standartuli iarliyebis gaformeba samuSao magidis standartuli iarliyebis mowyobisTvis personalizaciis fanjaraSi davaWerT Change desktop icons Rilakze. gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Desktop Icon Settings (nax. 7.7). almebi unda davayenoT yoveli piqtogramisTvis (Computer, User ‘s Files, Network, Recycle Bin, Control Panel), romelic gvinda warmodgenili iyos ekranze. Tu gvinda iarliyisTvis miniaturis Secvla, movniSnavT mas da davaWerT Rilakze Change Icon. standartuli miniaturis aRdgenisTvis kvlav movniSnavT mas da davaWerT Rilakze Restore default.
nax. 7.7. fanjara Desktop Items
Allow themes to change desktop icons _ Tu reJims CavrTavT, samuSao Temis Secvlisas Seicvleba samuSao magidis piqtogramebis gamosaxulebebi.
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7.2. Display monitorze (Display) gamosaxulebis saukeTeso xarisxis miRwevisTvis aucilebelia displeis parametrebis swori dayeneba. amisTvis personalizaciis fanjaraSi vaWerT Rilkaze Display, an vasrulebT brZanebas Control Panel Display. gamoCndeba fanjara, romelSic Sriftis zoma da sxva parametrebi SegviZlia davayenoT. Sriftebis (Fonts) zomis dayeneba ekranis maRali gadawyvetunarianobis dros samuSao magidaze teqsturi warwerebi SeiZleba Zalian wvrilad moCandes. teqstis wakiTxvis moxerxebulobisTvis SesaZlebelia Sriftis zomis gazrda (nax. 7.8).
nax. 7.8. Sriftis zomis arCevis fanjara
gadamrTveli SegviZlia davayenoT poaziciaSi mcire _ 100 %, saSualo _ 125 %, an didi _ 150%. cvlilebis ZalaSi SesvlisTvis kompiuteri unda gadaitvirTos. ekranis garCevadobis (Resolution) arCeva miuxedavad imisa, rom ekrani mTliani suraTis saxiT gamoiyureba, sinamdvileSi igi manaTobeli wertilebis, anu piqselebis masivs warmoadgens. horizontaluri da vertikaluri xazebis raodenobas, romlis asaxvis SesaZleblobac monitors gaaCnia, ekranis garCevadoba (resolution) ewodeba. rac ufro metia ekranis horizontaluri da vertikaluri xazebis raodenoba, miT meti piqseli gaaCnia ekrans da ufro maRalia misi garCevadoba. meti garCevadoba monitoris ekranis farTis erTeulze meti informaciis asaxvis SesaZleblobas iZleva. Tumca meti garCevadoba yovelTvis ar ganapirobebs gamosaxulebis ufro maRal xarisxs. ekranis gamosaxuleba informatiulia manamde, sanam gamosaxulebis simWid-
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rove da monitoris garCevadoba gamosaxulebis calkeuli detalebis identificirebis saSualebas iZleva. ekranis garCevadoba dasayeneblad personalizaciis fanjaraSi vaWerT Rilakze Adjust resolution. gaixsneba fanjara Screen Resolution (nax. 7.9). nebismier monitors sakuTari optimaluri garCevadoba gaaCnia, romelic monitoris diagonaliT da misi teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebiT ganisazRvreba.
nax. 7.9. fanjara Screen Resolution
Tanamedrove Txevadkristaluri monitorebis SemTxvevaSi saukeTeso Sedegi garCevadobis maqsimaluri mniSvnelobis dayenebis dros miiRweva. am SemTxvevaSi yvela Txevadi kristali CarTulia. naklebi mniSvnelobis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi gamosaxuleba maxinjdeba, rac Txevadkristaluri monitorebis konstruqciul TaviseburebebTanaa dakavSirebuli. ekranis garCevadobis araswori parametris dayenebis Tavidan asacileblad, sistema gvaZlevs 15 wams brZanebis dadasturebisTvis. Tu amas ar gavakeTebT, avtomaturad brundeba sawyisi parametrebi. poziciaSi Display moCans monitoris dasaxeleba, xolo poziciaSi Orientation _ gamosaxulebis orientacia ekranze. 7.3. Mouse momxmareblis komfortuli muSaobis uzrunvelyofisTvis aucilebelia mausis optimaluri parametrebis dayeneba. am mizniT personalizaciis fanjaraSi vaWerT Change mouse pointers poziciaze, an vasrulebT brZanebas Control Panel Mouse. gaixsneba fanjara Mouse properties, romelic ramdenime CanarTisgan Sedgeba.
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CanarTi Buttons Buttons CanarTis (nax. 7.10) Button configuration poziciaSi Switch primary and secondary buttons almis CarTvis SemTxvevaSi mausis marcxena da marjvena klaviSebi funqciebs gacvlian. mocemul reJims caciebi iyeneben. Double-click poziciaSi mausis orjeradi daWeris intervali interpretirdeba. Tu or daWeras Soris intervali arasakmaod mcirea, sistema am moqmedebas aRiqvams, rogorc or erTjerad daWeras. komfortuli muSaobisTvis Speed gadamyvani umjobesia SedarebiT nel (slow) poziciaSi davayenoT. ClickLock poziciaSi Turn on ClickLock almis CarTviT mausis `Sewebebis~ funqcia sruldeba. am SemTxvevaSi obieqtebis jgufis mausiT moniSvnisas ar aris aucilebeli mausis klaviSi mudmivad gvqondes daWerili. Settings Rilakze daWerisas regulatori Short-Long gamoCndeba, romliTac ganisazRvreba mausze daWeris drois intervali, romlis Semdegac imoqmedebs `Sewebeba~.
nax. 7.10. CanarTi Buttons
CanarTi Pointers Pointer CanarTis (nax. 7.11), Scheme poziciaSi SegviZlia mausis maCveneblebis sqema avirCioT. Customize fanjaraSi gamoCndeba, Tu arCeuli sqemis mixedviT mausis maCvenebels sxvadasxva situaciebSi rogori gamosaxuleba eqneba.
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nax. 7.11. CanarTi Pointers mausis maCveneblebis standartulad miRebuli sqemaa Windows Aero (system scheme). Enable Pointer Shadow almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi mausis maCveneblebi ufro moculobiT saxes iReben. Allow themes to change mouse pointers almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi Temebis Secvlisas mausis maCveneblebic icvleba. CanarTi Pointer Options CanarTi Pointer Options (nax. 7.12) ramdenime pozicias moicavs:
nax. 7.12. CanarTi Pointer Options
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Select a pointer speed _ mausis maCveneblis gadaadgilebis siCqare. gansazRvravs ekranze mausis maCveneblis gadaadgilebis manZilis damokidebulebas mausis gadaadgilebis distanciaze. regulirdeba Slow-Fast maCvenebliT. Enchance pointer precision _ mausis maCveneblis sizustis gazrda. Automatically move pointer to the default button in the dialog box _ almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi zogierT dialogur fanjaraSi mausis maCvenebeli avtomaturad gadaadgildeba ZiriTad Rilakze (rogorc wesi, OK). Tu momxmarebels uWirs ekranze mausis maCveneblis adgilmdebareobis dadgena (Cveulebriv, prezentaciaSi proeqtoris gamoyenebis dros), SesaZlebelia Semdegi parametrebis dayeneba: Display pointer trails _ almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi mausis gadaadgilebisas ekranze kvali rCeba.. Short-Long maCvenebliT kvalis sigrZes varegulirebT. Show location of pointer when I press the CTRL key _ rodesac alami dayenebulia, Ctrl klaviSis daWerisas ekranze mausis maCveneblisken moZravi wrewiri gaielvebs. CanarTi Wheel CanarTi Wheel (nax. 7.13) or pozicias moicavs:
nax. 7.13. CanarTi Wheel 1. Vertical Scrolling _ vertikaluri sqrolingi.
The following number of lines at a time _ mausis borblis erTi bijiT mobrunebis dros teqsti vertikalurad ramden striqonze ifurclebodes. 54
One screen at a time _ mausis borblis erTi bijiT mobrunebis dros teqstis erTi gverdi ifurclebodes. 2. Horizontal Scrolling _ horizontaluri sqrolingi. Tilt the wheel to scroll the following number of characters at a time _ ramden simboloze gadadiodes teqti horizontalurad mausis borblis erTi bijiT mobrunebis dros. 7.4. Keyboard Keyboard iarliyze daWerisas ixsneba dialoguri fanjara Keyboard Properties (nax. 7.14). virCevT CanarTs Speed. mocemuli fanjris ZiriTadi parametrebia:
nax. 7.14. fanjara Keyboard Properties. CanarTi Speed
Repeat Delay _ gansazRvravs droiT intervals, romlis ganmavlobaSic unda iyos daWerili klaviSi, raTa simblos Setana ganmeorebiT xdebodes;
Repeat Rate gansazRvravs simbolos avtomaturi ganmeorebis sixSires klaviSis daWeril mdgomareobaSi yofnis dros;
Click here and hold down a key to best repeat rate _ testirebis veli Repeat Rate parametris regulirebisTvis;
Cursor blink rate _ gansazRvravs kursoris cimcimis sixSires dokumentebSi muSaobis dros. sasurvelia maCveneblis Fast mdgomareobaSi dayeneba.
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7.5. Date and time TariRis da drois gawyobisTvis vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs saaTis Rilakze da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT _ Adjust date/time. an vasrulebT brZanebas _ Control Panel Date and Time. gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Date and Time, romelic sami CanarTisgan Sedgeba. CanarTi Date & Time CanarTSi Date and Time (nax. 7.15) mimdinare TariRi da dro ilustrirdeba. Change date and time Rilakze daWeriT vayenebT swor TariRsa da dros. Change time zone Rilakze daWeriT virCevT saaTobriv sartyels, romelic yvelaze metad Seefereba Cvens adgilmdebareobas. zogierTi saaTobrivi zonisTvis agreTve gaaqtiurdeba zafxulis droze gadasvlis alami.
nax. 7.15. CanarTi Date and Time CanarTi Aditional Clocks Tu xSirad vmogzaurobT, an kavSiri gvaqvs sxva qveynis, an regionis momxmareblebTan, SegviZlia CavrToT damatebiTi saaTi (nax. 7.16)
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amisTvis alams vayenebTY poziciaSi Show this clock. poziciaSi Select time zone avirCevT sasurvel saaTobriv zonas, xolo Enter display name poziciaSi SevitanT saxels.
nax. 7.16. CanarTi Aditional colors
sul SesaZlebelia ori damatebiTi saaTis gamotana. maTi ilustracia xdeba ZiriTad saaTTan erTad SetyobinebaTa velSi saaTis Rilakze daWeriT. CanarTi Internet Time rodesac kompiuteri internetSia CarTuli da saaTobrivi sartyeli sworadaa dayenebuli, momxmarebels aRar sWirdeba saaTis xeliT gasworeba. operaciuli sistema avtomaturad axdens saaTis sinqronizacias internetis romelime serverTan. Sesabamisi parametrebis dasayeneblad vxsniT CanarTs Internet Time da vaWerT Rilakze Change settings. gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Internet Time Settings (nax. 7.17). Synchronize with an Internet time server _ almis dayenebis SemTxvevaSi erTi kviris intervaliT xdeba saaTis sinqronizacia internetis Sesabamis serverTan. Server poziciaSi virCevT Web-gverds, xolo Update now Rilakze daWeriT vaxdenT serverTan momentalur sinqronizacias.
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nax. 7.17. dialoguri fanjara Internet Time Settings 7.6. Fonts operaciuli sistema Windows 7 da zogierTi sxva programa sakuTar Sriftebs Seicavs. Sriftebi gamoiyeneba nebismieri programis mier, romelsac teqstis Setanis servisi gaaCnia. yoveli dainstalirebuli Srifti warmoadgens fails .ttf gafarToebiT da Fonts katalogSi inaxeba (nax. 7.18).
nax. 7.18. katalogi Fonts SriftebTan muSaoba damatebiTi Sriftebis dasainstalireblad Windows Explorer-is fanjaraSi movniSnavT Sriftis failebs da gadaweris romelime cnobili wesis gamoyenebiT CavwerT Fonts katalogSi. instrumentebis panelSi Preview Rilakze daWeriT xdeba Sriftis ilustracia, xolo Delete Rilakze daWeriT _ Sriftis waSla.
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7.7. Devices and Printers Devices and Printers (nax. 7.19) centralizebulad marTavs kompiuterTan SeerTebul sxvadasxva mowyobilobebs. mocemul fanjaraSi moCans printerebis, skanerebis, kamerebis da a.S. mowyobilobebis piqtogramebi, romlebic kompiuterTan portebis, qselis, an ugamtaro teqnologiebis saSualebiT erTdeba.
nax. 7.19. fanjara Devices and Printers
fanjaraSi Devices and Printers Semdegi moqmedebebi SeiZleba Sesruldes:
mowyobilobebis daTvaliereba da maT Sesaxeb informaciis miReba;
mowyobilobebisTvis specifikuri operaciebis Sesruleba. maTi ilustracia xdeba mowyobilobis piqtogramaze mausis marjvena klaviSis daWeriT.
mowyobilobis muSaobaSi problemis gadawyveta. Tu Windows aRmoaCens problemebs mowyobilobis muSaobaSi, misi pigtograma `!~ niSniT aRiniSneba. mowyobilobis diagnostikisTvis da problemis gadawyvetisTvis mowyobilobis piqtogramaze vaWerT mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Troubleshoot. printeris dainstalireba
printeris gamoyenebamde is fizikurad unda SevaerToT kompiuterTan da misi instalacia movaxdinoT. amisTvis: 1. vinaxavT mimdinare samuSaos, vxuravT yvela programas da vTiSavT kompiuters;
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vaerTebT printers kompiuterTan, CavrTavT jer printers da Semdeg kompiuters; 3. sistemis CatvirTvisas ekranze gamoCndeba Setyobineba axali mowyobilobis aRmoCenis Sesaxeb. winaswari prognozireba, Tu ra moxdeba amis Semdeg, Znelia. SeiZleba dainstalirebis programa gaixsnas, romelsac nabij-nabij, ekranze gamoCenili instruqciebis mixedviT momxmarebeli printeris dainstalirebamde mihyavs. SeiZleba printeri avtomaturadac dainstalirdes, ris Sesaxebac Sesabamisi Setyobineba gamoCndeba. am SemTxvevaSi SegviZlia CavTvaloT, rom printeri mzadaa samuSaod. Tu printeri ver instalirdeba, an misi SeerTeba mocemul momentSi ver xerxdeba, printeris instalaciis klasikuri procedura unda SevasruloT. amisTvis: 2.
1. SevdivarT Start Control Panel; 2. vxsniT Devices and Printers; 3. vaWerT instrumentze Add a printer instrumentebis panelSi, an ZiriTadi meniudan _ File Add Printer; gamoCndeba dialoguri fanjara Add Printer (nax. 7.20) Semdegi poziciebiT: Add a local printer _ printeri individualuri (lokaluri) kompiuterisTvis dainstalirdes; Add a network, wireless or bluetooth printer _ qseluri, an ugamtaro printeris instalacia.
nax. 7.20. printeris SeerTebis tipis arCeva
virCevT _ Add a local printer; gamoCndeba dialoguri fanjara (nax. 7.21), romelSic im ports vuTiTebT, romlTanac printeri erTdeba. 4.
nax. 7.21. printeris portis arCeva
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5. virCevT, ports da vaWerT Rilakze Next; 6. dialogur fanjaraSi (nax. 7.22) printeris firmas (Manufacturer) da Sesabamis models (Printers) avirCevT. Tu sasurveli printeri siaSi ar aris, vaWerT Have Disk da printeris draivers pirdapir vuTiTebT (am sakiTxs SemdgomSi davubrundebiT). vaWerT Next;
nax. 7.22. printeris modelis arCeva 7. gvaCvenebs printeris saxels (nax. 7.23). vaWerT Next
nax. 7.23. printeris saxelis ilustracia 8. programa gvkiTxeba, moaxdinos Tu ara mocemuli printeris ZiriTad printerad dainstalireba (nax. 7.24). survilisamebr CavrTavT an gamovrTavT alams Set as the default printer poziciaSi.
nax. 7.24. dialoguri fanjara printeris statusis gansazRvrisaTvis da sakontrolo furclis dabeWdvisaTvis
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amave fanjaraSi Print a test page Rilakze daWeriT sakontrolo furceli daibeWdeba. bolos vaWerT Rilakze Finish. Windows 7-isTvis `ucnobi~ printeris dainstalireba rodesac printeri Windows 7-isTvis `ucnobia~, anu operaciul sistemas printeris Sesabamisi draiveri ar gaaCnia, dainstalirebisTvis printeris sakuTari, individualuri draiveri unda gamoviyenoT. amisTvis printeris instalaciis erT-erTi gza unda avirCioT: 1. virCevT printeris instalaciis klasikur gzas. instalaciis ZiriTadi parametrebis miTiTebis Semdeg dialogur fanjaraSi virCevT Cvens mier adre ukve naxseneb brZanebas Have Disk. gamoCndeba dialoguri fanjara Install From Disk (nax. 7.25), romelSic im katalogs vuTiTebT, sadac Cawerilia printeris draiveri. instalacia dialogur reJimSi gagrZeldeba.
nax. 7.25. dialoguri fanjara Install From Disk
2. Windows Explorer-is romelime standartuli fanjris gamoyenebiT gavxsniT im katalogs, romelSic Cawerilia printeris draiveri (Tanamedrove printerebis umetesobis kompleqtSi Sedis sakuTari kompaqt-diski draiveriT) da instalaciaze gavuSvebT. ZiriTadi printeris (Default Printer) arCeva rodesac kompiuterSi ramdenime printeri instalirdeba, maT Soris ZiriTadi printeri (Default Printer) unda avirCioT. igi beWdvis amocanebis Sesrulebis dros prioritetul printers warmoadgens. ZiriTadi printeris arCeva SeiZleba moxdes rogorc instalaciis dros (Sesabamis dialogur fanjaraSi), aseve SemdgomSic. instalaciis Semdgom ZiriTadi printeris asarCevad Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT:
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1. SevdivarT Devices and Printers; 2. vaWerT printeris iarliyze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Set as default printer, an movniSnavT printeris iarliys da ZiriTadi meniudan vasrulebT brZanebas File Set as Default Printer; printeris ganinstalireba vaWerT printeris iarliyze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Remove device, an instrumentebis meniuSi vaWerT instrumentze Remove device.
7.8. Region and Language CanarTi Keyboards and Languages operaciuli sistemis instalaciis Semdeg sistemas mxolod inglisuri enis mxardaWera gaaCnia. amis Semdeg xdeba sxva enebis damateba. vaWerT Rilakze Change keyboards. nax. 7.26-ze warmodgenilia fanjara Text Services and Input Languages _ sistemis sawyisi varianti mxolod inglisuri eniT.
nax. 7.26. fanjara Text Services and Input Languages
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Default input language poziciaSi ZiriTadi ena unda mivuTiToT, romelic avtomaturad, kompiuteris CatvirTvis Semdeg aqtivizirdeba. sistemaSi axali enis dasamateblad Semdegi operaciebis Tanmimdevrobas vasrulebT: 1. vxuravT yvela fanjaras Text Services and Input Languages fanjris garda; vaWerT Rilakze Add; 2. Input language poziciaSi virCevT sasurvel enas, xolo poziciaSi Keyboard _ klaviaturas simboloebis sasurveli ganlagebiT (nax. 7.27). vaWerT Rilakze OK; 3. vaWerT Rilakze Apply;
nax. 7.27. qarTuli enis damateba
mimdinare enis ilustraciisTvis da erTi enidan meore enaze klaviaturis swrafad gadarTvisTvis sasurvelia Sesabamisi gadamrTveliindikatoris amocanaTa panelSi warmodgena. amisTvis virCevT CanarTs Language Bar (nax. 7.28) Floating On Desktop _ enebis indikatori moCandes ekranis zeda nawilSi; Docked in the teskbar _ enebis indikatori warmodgenili iyos amocanaTa panelSi; Hidden _ enebis indikatori ar moCandes. Show the Language bar as transparent when inactive _ enebis panelis gamWvirvaloba, rodesac araaqtiuria; Show additional Language bar icons in the taskbar _ damatebiTi servisebis Sesabamisi Rilakebis gamotana enebis panelSi; Show text labels on the Language bar _ teqsturi Setyobinebebis Cveneba enebis panelSi;
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nax. 7.28. dialoguri fanjara Language Bar Tu erTi enidan meoreze swrafad gadarTvisaTvis gvinda `cxeli~ klaviSebis gamoyeneba, virCevT CanarTs Advanced Key Settings (nax. 7.29). To turn off Caps Lock poziciaSi virCevT Caps Lock indikatoris gamomrTvel klaviSs (Cveulebriv Caps Lock).
nax. 7.29. dialoguri fanjara Advanced Key Settings Hot keys for input languages fanjaraSi, marcxena svetSi, miTiTebulia operaciebis tipebi (Action), xolo marjvena svetSi _ Sesabamisi `cxeli~ klaviSebis kombinaciebi (Key sequence).
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Switch between input languages operaciisTvis miRebulia Left Alt+Shift `cxeli~ klaviSebis kombinaciis dayeneba. Tu es ase ar aris, davaWerT Rilakze Change Key Sequence… da Sesabamis alams CavrTavT (nax. 7.30).
nax. 7.30. erTi enidan meoreze swrafad gadarTvisaTvis `cxeli~ klaviSebis dayeneba
7.9. Gadgets Windows 7 operaciuli sistemis samuSao magidaze SesaZlebelia mcire programebis, anu gajetebis ganTavseba. isini sainformacio, gasarTob, an sxva funqcias SeiZleba asrulebdnen. Windows 7-is SemadgenlobaSi Sedis cxra CaSenebuli gajeti. maT dasaTvalierebalad vaWerT ekranze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan virCevT brZanebas Gadgets, an SevdivarT _ Control Panel Gadgets (nax. 7.31).
nax. 7.31. Windows 7-is gajetebi
nebismieri gajetis gamoZaxebisTvis orjer davaWerT masze mausiT, an ubralod gadavitanT mas mausiT samuSao magidaze. amJamad arsebobs aseulobiT gajeti mraval sxvadasxva Temaze. Get more gadgets online Rilakze daWeriT kompania Microsoft-is mier specialurad Windows 7-Tvis Seqmnili gajetebis sia gamoCndeba. SegviZlia CvenTvis saintereso kategoria avirCioT, an koleqciebis mixedviT veZeboT.
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gajetebis marTva
gajetebze nebadarTulia Semdegi operaciebis Sesruleba: ekranis nebismier adgilas gadatana. amas Zalian martivad _ mausiT gadataniT vakeTebT; parametrebis dayeneba. magaliTad, saaTis gajetze mausis marjvena klaviSis daWeriT gamoCndeba brZaneba Options. gamWvirvalobis Secvla. gajetze mausis marjvena klaviSis daWeriT gamoCndeba brZaneba Opacity. vayenebT parametrs 20-dan 100%-mde. yvela gajetis ekranze gamotana, an damalva. vaWerT ekranze mausis marjvena klaviSs da vasrulebT brZanebas _ View → Show desktop gadgets. gajetebis mokle aRwera
Calendar. martivi kalendari. Clock. virCevT saaTis garegnul formas da saaTobriv zonas. CPU Meter. sainformacio programa, romelic procesoris da operatiuli mexsierebis mimdinare datvirTvas asaxavs. Currency. es programa saSualebas iZleva davadginoT mimdinare kursi ori arCeuli valutisTvis. Feed Headlines. es programa dinamiurad asaxavs im veb-gverdebis axali ambebis saTaurebs, romlebzedac gakeTebulia xelmowera Internet Explorer-Si. Picture Puzzle. 15 kvadratisgan suraTis ageba. Slide Show. axdens mcire fanjaraSi gamosaxulebis dinamiur Secvlas. programis gawyobis fanjaraSi virCevT katalogs suraTebisTvis, slaidebs Soris intervals da gadasvlis efeqtebs. Weather. asxavs arCeul regionSi mimdinare amindis prognozs. regionis SecvlisTvis programis gawyobis fanjaraSi SevitanT qalaqis saxels, xolo Semdeg Sedegebidan virCevT yvelaze misaReb variants. Windows Media Center. gajeti saSualebas iZleva swrafad gaixsnas audio, an videofaili Windows Media Center-is saSualebiT. bunebrivia, Currency, Feed Headlines, Weather gajetebis muSaobisTvis kompiuteri internetSi unda iyos CarTuli. 7.10 System elementi System (nax. 7.32) ZiriTadi sistemuri parametrebis daTvalierebisTvis gamoiyeneba.
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nax. 7.32. fanjara System momxmarebels muSaobis procesSi sistemis Semdegi parametrebis dadgena SeuZlia: operaciuli sistemis versia, procesoris da operatiuli mexsierebis maxasiaTeblebi, kompiuteris warmadobis reitingi, kompiuteris da samuSao jgufis saxelebi, monacemebi operaciuli sistemis aqtivaciis Sesaxeb. kompiuteris warmadobis reitingi Windows 7-s SesaZlebloba gaaCnia Seafasos kompiuteris mimdinare konfiguracia da avtomaturad moaxdinos rigi funqciebis CarTva/gamorTva. magaliTad, grafikuli mxardaWera Windows Aero mxolod im SemTxvevaSi imuSavebs, Tu sistemas sakmarisi warmadobis videoadapteri gaaCnia. kompiuteris aparaturis saerTo SefasebisTvis warmadobis indeqsi gamoiyeneba, romelic moCans fanjaraSi System. damatebiTi informaciis misaRebad davaWerT Rilakze Performance information and tools da miviRebT informacias sistemis oTxi ZiriTadi komponentis _ procesoris (Processor), operatiuli mexsierebis (Memory RAM), videokontroleris (Graphics) da vinCesteris (Primary hard disk), Sesaxeb (nax. 7.33). komponentebis warmadoba qulobrivad fasdeba. TiToeuli komponentis minimaluri Sefasebaa 1 bali, xolo maqsimaluri Sefaseba _ 7,9 bali. saerTo Sefaseba yvelaze susti komponentis mixedviT miiReba.
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nax. 7.33. fanjara Performance Information and Tools
7.11. Device Manager Device Manager-is saSualebiT xdeba kompiuteris aparaturuli uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb informaciis miReba (nax. 7.34). jgufis marcxniv, isris formis Rilakebze daWeriT ixsneba/ikveceba informacia jgufSi arsebuli mowyobilobebis Sesaxeb.
nax. 7.34. dialoguri fanjara Device Manager kompiuteris aparaturis siiT
Disabled _ gamorTuli. Device Manager-is saSualebiT SesaZlebelia zogierTi mowyobilobis gamorTva. gamorTuli mowyobilobebi fizikurad SeerTebulia kompiuterTan, Tumca maTi draiverebi ar itvirTeba. mowyobilobis samuSao mdgomareobaSi dabrunebisTvis vaWerT masze mausis marjvena klaviSs da konteqsturi meniudan vasrulebT brZanebas Enable;
SecdomebiT momuSave mowyobilobebi. Secdoma SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos arakoreqtuli draiverebiT, resursebis konfliqtiT da a.S. SecdomebiT momuSave mowyobilobebi, rogorc wesi, `!~ niSniT aRiniSneba;
ucnobi mowyobilobebi. sistemam sworad ver amoicno mowyobiloba. aseTi mowyobilobebi `?~ niSniT aRiniSneba. mdgomareoba, rogorc wesi, draiveris instalaciiT swordeba; 69
mowyobilobis iarliyze mausis orjeradi daWeriT, an konteqsturi meniudan Properties brZanebiT mowyobilobis Tvisebebis fanjara ixsneba. 7.12. Programs and Features programis mocilebisTvis, anu ganinstalirebisTvis unda CairTos specialuri, ganinstalirebis utilita, romelic waSlis programis failebs da iarliyebs. programebis waSlis dros gamoucdeli momxmareblebi Semdeg Secdomebs uSveben:
ekranze da meniu Start-Si programis iarliyebis waSla. am SemTxvevaSi Tavad programa ar iSleba. SesaZlebelia iarliyebis Tavidan Seqmna da programis gamoZaxeba.
programis failebis Delete-iT waSla. am dros programa bolomde ar iSleba, radgan misi komponentebi Windows katalogSi da reestrSi rCeba. programis koreqtulad mocilebisTvis Windows Exlorer fanjaraSi vxsniT katalog Computer-s da vaWerT Rilakze _ Uninstall or change a program. gaixsneba fanjara Programs and Features (nax. 7.35). amave fanjris gamoZaxeba SeiZleba Control Panel Programs and Features brZanebiT.
nax. 7.35 fanjara Programs or Features movniSnavT sasurvel programas, davaWerT Uninstall instrumentze (zogierTi programisaTvis Rilaki _ Uninstall/Change) da mivyvebiT instruqciebs dialoguri fanjrebis mixedviT.
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Windows-Si gamoyenebuli `cxeli~ klaviSebis kombinaciebi Windows system key combinations
F1: Help
CTRL+ESC: Open Start menu
ALT+TAB: Switch between open programs
ALT+F4: Quit program
SHIFT+DELETE: Delete item permanently
Windows Logo+L: Lock the computer (without using CTRL+ALT+DELETE)
Windows program key combinations
CTRL+C: Copy
CTRL+X: Cut
CTRL+V: Paste
CTRL+Z: Undo
CTRL+B: Bold
CTRL+U: Underline
CTRL+I: Italic
Mouse click/keyboard modifier combinations for shell objects
SHIFT+right click: Displays a shortcut menu containing alternative commands
SHIFT+double click: Runs the alternate default command (the second item on the menu)
ALT+double click: Displays properties
SHIFT+DELETE: Deletes an item immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin
General keyboard-only commands
F1: Starts Windows Help
F10: Activates menu bar options
SHIFT+F10 Opens a shortcut menu for the selected item (this is the same as right-clicking an object
CTRL+ESC: Opens the Start menu (use the ARROW keys to select an item)
CTRL+ESC or ESC: Selects the Start button (press TAB to select the taskbar, or press SHIFT+F10 for a context menu)
CTRL+SHIFT+ESC: Opens Windows Task Manager
ALT+DOWN ARROW: Opens a drop-down list box
ALT+TAB: Switch to another running program (hold down the ALT key and then press the TAB key to view the task-switching window)
SHIFT: Press and hold down the SHIFT key while you insert a CD-ROM to bypass the automatic-run feature
ALT+SPACE: Displays the main window's System menu (from the System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the window)
ALT+- (ALT+hyphen): Displays the Multiple Document Interface (MDI) child window's System menu (from the MDI child window's System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the child window)
CTRL+TAB: Switch to the next child window of a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) program
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ALT+underlined letter in menu: Opens the menu
ALT+F4: Closes the current window
CTRL+F4: Closes the current Multiple Document Interface (MDI) window
ALT+F6: Switch between multiple windows in the same program (for example, when the Notepad Find dialog box is displayed, ALT+F6 switches between the Find dialog box and the main Notepad window)
Shell objects and general folder/Windows Explorer shortcuts For a selected object:
F2: Rename object
F3: Find all files
CTRL+X: Cut
CTRL+C: Copy
CTRL+V: Paste
SHIFT+DELETE: Delete selection immediately, without moving the item to the Recycle Bin
ALT+ENTER: Open the properties for the selected object
To copy a file Press and hold down the CTRL key while you drag the file to another folder.
To create a shortcut Press and hold down CTRL+SHIFT while you drag a file to the desktop or a folder.
General folder/shortcut control
F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder box and moves down the entries in the box (if the toolbar is active in Windows Explorer)
F5: Refreshes the current window.
F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
CTRL+G: Opens the Go To Folder tool (in Windows 95 Windows Explorer only)
CTRL+Z: Undo the last command
CTRL+A: Select all the items in the current window
BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
SHIFT+click+Close button: For folders, close the current folder plus all parent folders
Windows Explorer tree control
Numeric Keypad *: Expands everything under the current selection
Numeric Keypad +: Expands the current selection
Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the current selection.
RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current selection if it is not expanded, otherwise goes to the first child
LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current selection if it is expanded, otherwise goes to the parent
Properties control
CTRL+TAB/CTRL+SHIFT+TAB: Move through the property tabs
Accessibility shortcuts
Press SHIFT five times: Toggles StickyKeys on and off
Press down and hold the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggles FilterKeys on and off
Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles ToggleKeys on and off
Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK: Toggles MouseKeys on and off
Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN: Toggles high contrast on and off
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Microsoft Natural Keyboard keys
Windows Logo: Start menu
Windows Logo+R: Run dialog box
Windows Logo+M: Minimize all
SHIFT+Windows Logo+M: Undo minimize all
Windows Logo+F1: Help
Windows Logo+E: Windows Explorer
Windows Logo+F: Find files or folders
Windows Logo+D: Minimizes all open windows and displays the desktop
CTRL+Windows Logo+F: Find computer
CTRL+Windows Logo+TAB: Moves focus from Start, to the Quick Launch toolbar, to the system tray (use RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW to move focus to items on the Quick Launch toolbar and the system tray)
Windows Logo+TAB: Cycle through taskbar buttons
Windows Logo+Break: System Properties dialog box
Application key: Displays a shortcut menu for the selected item
Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed
Windows Logo+L: Log off Windows
Windows Logo+P: Starts Print Manager
Windows Logo+C: Opens Control Panel
Windows Logo+V: Starts Clipboard
Windows Logo+K: Opens Keyboard Properties dialog box
Windows Logo+I: Opens Mouse Properties dialog box
Windows Logo+A: Starts Accessibility Options (if installed)
Windows Logo+SPACEBAR: Displays the list of Microsoft IntelliType shortcut keys
Windows Logo+S: Toggles CAPS LOCK on and off
Dialog box keyboard commands
TAB: Move to the next control in the dialog box
SHIFT+TAB: Move to the previous control in the dialog box
SPACEBAR: If the current control is a button, this clicks the button. If the current control is a check box, this toggles the check box. If the current control is an option, this selects the option.
ENTER: Equivalent to clicking the selected button (the button with the outline)
ESC: Equivalent to clicking the Cancel button
ALT+underlined letter in dialog box item: Move to the corresponding item
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