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Hjeb`ìs Klujl!o``b Klujl!o``b
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Ml$(h #o Kbhtosujou )olh )leuos ]bussolu ]bussolu
JHNJEO Klpl Ebheoptul` Ebheopejõh lhtrbpb`õajel no` gbkmro oh `l kbnorhjnln Sb`ëtjel ebkb Ejohejl Ebhtoxtb gjstõrjeb umjelejõh aobarì!jel no Kl"ujl#o``b %ro#o %jbarl!ël no Hjeb`ìs Kl"ujl#o``b Jnols Eohtrl`os no Kl"ujl#o``b Kl"u Kl "ujl jl#o #o`` ``b' b' (b (bmm mmos os'' )be )be*o *o +bu +buss ssol olu, u, Eb Ebhe heop opej ejõh õh no no`` Os Ostl tlnb nb pbrtos no Kbhtos"ujou +bussolu l `l pb`ëtjel Ebhe`usjbhos Hbtls %jm`jbarl!ël
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Klpl Ebheoptul` Jnols Eohtrl`os no Kl"ujl#o``b
Ebheopejõh lhtrbpb`õajel no` gbkmro oh `l kbnorhjnln
Sb`ëtjel ebkb Ejohejl
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Kl"ujl#o``b5 Ebhtoxtb gjstõrjeb umjelejõh aobarì!jel (bmmos' )be*o +bussolu, Ebheopejõh no` Ostlnb
pbrtos no Kbhtos"ujou +bussolu l `l Sb`ëtjel
%ro#o %jbarl!ël no Kl"ujl#o``b
Ebhe`usjbhos
lht$bpb`(+jel #o` &b"'$o oh `l "b#o$hj#l#
Hbtls %jm`jbarl!ël
Ebheopej(h
)l oxl`tlejõh no `l jkpbrtlhejl no` b no `l njahjnln no` gbkmro os uhb no `bs rlsabs kìs tëpjebs no `l kbnorhjnln' kbnorhjnln' "uo surao ebh o` +ohlejkjohtb. +ohlejkjohtb. pjels. Os `b "uo `uoab so nlrël oh ``lklr lhtrbpbeohtrjskb. ?bnb ?bnb ajr ajrl l oh tbrhb l` gbkmro gbkmro.. )l jnol rohleohtj rohleohtjstl stl no` gbkmro gbkmro os `l no` &b"'$o uhj!o$sl` "uo "uo slmo no tbnb `b gleo tbnb' sjh sor uh prb!osjbhl` no hlnl. së puos' nosno `b !j`bsõ!jeb glstl `b ro`jajbsb glstl `b pb`ëtjeb `b oebhõkjeb' tbnb ostlml no leuornb oh ohsl`6lr' kìs "uo `ls pbsjmj`jnlnos toõrjels no` gbkmro oh aoho aohorl rl`' `' `l o!oe o!oetj tj#j #jnl nlno noss no `bs `bs arlh arlhno noss gbkm gbkmro ros' s' l ostb ostbss !uor !uorlh lh arlh arlhno noss mlh"uorbs' ebhnbttjorj' lrtjstls' `jtorltbs' !j`õsb!bs' hb tlhtb pbr sus ospoejl`jnlnos' sjhb ebkb ookp`bs no 1!j$t/., 1!j$t/., oh oh o` sohtjnb "uo oh oso kbkohtb so lp`jelml l osto #belm`b' "uo jkp`jelml ohoraël' elplejnln' #b`uhtln. Osto ln#ohjkjohtb no` b' ostl ro#b`uejõh no `l ebhejohejl jhnj#jnul`' !rohto l `l ro`jajõh trlnjejbhl` `ls jhstjtuejbhos oe`osjìstjels' oheuohtrl oh o` ìkmjtb o` pohslkjohtb' pohslkjohtb' "uonl ro!`olnb ro!`olnb oh `bs nbs prjhejpl`os prjhejpl`os roprosohtlht roprosohtlhtos os no` p`ltbhjskb 3 "uo prb!osl `l elnokjl no 7`brohejl5 Kl$sj`jb %jejhb < Sjeb #o``l Kj$lh#b``l =5 (l uh oserjtb oh plrtjeu`lr no Kl$sj`jb %jejhb' %jejhb' "uo nokuostrl' "uo poso l `b "uo l`auhbs l!jrklh' oh kbnb l`auhb' ostl >pbel' jkp`jeõ uh lmlhnbhb no `l jnol no Njbs' nomjohnb jhebrpbrlr oh o` lhl`jsjs' o` ostlnb no ebrrupejõh' o` lmlhnbhb no sus prbpõsjtbs osohejl`os' o` prj#j`oajb pbr `ls euostjbhos no Ostlnb torrohls' "uo l!oetlmlh oh oso kbkohtb l `ls jhstjtuejbhos oe`osjìstjels. Njeo Kl$sj`jb %jejhb' %jejhb' "ujoh lnokìs orl toõ`bab5 1 @b "js"b uo eb"b e$jltu$l #j!jhl uo o$os, oheuoht$ls l Njbs oh `ls ebsls, tl"'j>h to oheuoht$ls oh o``ls l tj "js"b, Suostb uo sj puo#os ohebht$l$ o` osp?$jtu oh o` euo$pb, `l `u6 oh `ls tjhjo'`ls, o` 'joh oh o` "l`, `l !j#l oh `l "uo$to, `l oto$hj#l# oh o` tjo"pb, `b jh1jhjtb oh `b 1jhjtb, $oeuo$#l uo o$os pb$ hltu$l`o6l osp?$jtu jheb$p($ob, `/ej#b 'uohb, jh"b$tl`, elpl6 #o `l oto$hl !o$#l#, #o `l oto$hl ostl'j`j#l# < #o` jh"ohsb 'joh, &lstl uo pbsols o` p$j"o$ ejo`b #os#o eu
Sb`?tjel eb"b Ejohejl )l Sb`ëtjel ebkb Ejohejl os uhl njsejp`jhl eub bmotj#b os o` ostunjb sjstokìtjeb no` abmjorhb oh su sohtjnb kìs lkp`jb. 0us lhì`jsjs lmlrelh o` brjaoh tjpb`baël no `bs roaëkohos pb`ëtjebs' sus ostrueturls' !uhejbhos o jhstjtuejbhos' `ls !brkls oh "uo `bs abmjorhbs jnohtj!jelh rosuo`#oh prbm`okls sbejboebhõkjebs' `ls jhtorleejbhos ohtro arupbs o jhnj#jnubs noejsj#bs oh o` ostlm`oejkjohtb' klhtohjkjohtb elkmjb no `bs roaëkohos abmjorhbs. Oh `l lhtjaul ;roejl l oxjstël arlh jhtor>s pbr ebhbeor `l hlturl`o6l no` Ostlnb' sus õralhbs no ebhtrb` `ls !uhejbhos no sus ejunlnlhbs. S`lt(h' oh su bmrl @l ]op/'`jel prosohtõ no !brkl utõpjel eõkb ohtohnël nomël sor `l rop8m`jel por!oetl oh osto sohtjnb !uo' sjh nunl' uhb no `bs prjkorbs !j`õsb!bs pb`ëtjebs. 0jh okmlrab' so puono oh!ltj6lr oh rjstõto`os' ebkb uhb no `bs proeursbros no `l ejohejl pb`ëtjel' l` rol`j6lr uhl jh#ostjalejõh okpërjel sbmro `ls nj!orohtos !brkls no Ostlnb b roaëkohos no abmjorhb oh su trltlnb Sb`?tjel' o` eul` sjauo oorejohnb uhl !uorto jh!`uohejl sbmro ostl ejohejl. Sbstorjbrkohto' l `b `lrab no `bs sja`bs' !uorbh kuegbs `bs lutbros "uo ebhtjhulrbh rol`j6lhnb lpbrtos l `l Ejohejl Sb`ëtjel5 0lh austëh' 0lhtb ?bkìs no "ujhb' Hjeb`ìs Kl"ujl#o`b' ?gbkls (bmmos' 2bgh )be*o' 2olh,2le"uos +bussolu' Eglr`os,)bujs no Kbhtos"ujou' ohtro btrbs. No sus rospoetj#ls ebheopejbhos surajorbh l`auhls no `ls bmrls e`l#os oh `l plu`ltjhl ebh!jaurlejõh no `l pb`jtb`baël5 O` S$?hejpo Coserjtl pbr Kl"ujl#o`b' l "ujoh kuegbs ebhsjnorlh ebkb plnro no` Ejohejl Sb`ëtjel kbnorhlLM @o!jltìh Coh nbhno (bmmos oxpbho sus tobrëls leorel no` surajkjohtb no` Ostlnb l plrtjr no uh ebhtrltb sbejl`LM ^$ltl#bs sb'$o o` +b'jo$hb ej!j` Coh o` `bs eul`os )be*o' ohtro btrls ebsls' l hbs glm`l no `l nj#jsjõh no pbnoros' ebhsjnorlnb pbr l`auhbs ebkb proeursbr no` ebhstjtuejbhl`jskbLM O` osp?$jtu #o `ls `oh `l soplrlejõh no pbnorosLM O` ebht$ltb sbejl` Coh ostl bmrl +bussolu rotbkl `l euostjõh no` ebhtrltb sbejl` p`lhtolnl pbr (bmmos )be*o' oh!ltj6lhnb sbmro `l prookjhohejl no `l `jmortln ej#j` `l #b`uhtln pbpu`lr !rohto l` noroegb nj#jhb no `bs sbmorlhbsL . trbs lutbros glh goegb lpbrtos tlkmj>h l ostl ejohejl' porb l"uë sõ`b hbs ro!orjrokbs l `bs ospoeë!jebs no` prosohto trlmlb. Ostbs gbkmros l `b `lrab no `l gjstbrjl' ebh sus nj!orohejls ebjhejnohejls' trltlrbh leorel no `l !brkl oh "uo uhl sbejonln puono bralhj6lrso oh klbr b kohbr konjnl' sus bmrls tjohoh l8h #jaohejl' l "uo so beuplh no #l`bros osohejl`os plrl o` sor guklhb ebkb sbh `l ustjejl' `l jaul`nln' `l `jmortln o` noslrrb``b no `ls eul`jnlnos guklhls' `l #jnl bralhj6lnl oh sbejonln' kìs l``ì no sus nj!orohejls no oh!b"uo b jnob`õajels. Oh osto sohtjnb elmo kohejbhlr `b "uo l` rospoetb oxprosl 4o$"ìh Mj#l$t El"pbs oh su `jmrb @oeejbhos O`o"ohtl`os #o Sb`?tjel' ro!jrj>hnbso l `l ejohejl pb`ëtjel0 -4&o"bs #o $oeb$#l$ uo ujohos `l ej$euhse$j'oh l` ostu#jb o"p?$jeb #o `l $ol`j#l# tl` eul` os, "l$+jhlh#b ebhbeo$ eb"b #o'o so$, < #o9lh#b #o `l#b tb#l !l`b$lej(h, b"jtoh `ls ebhsj#o$lejbhos >tjels5 :`l ejohejl pb`?tjel $oeb+o o` ì"'jtb #o` #o'o so$ < #o` !l`b$, oh 1b$"l tl` uo leoptl < $oej'o `bs p$jhejpjbs p$j"l$jbs #o `l >tjel < hoeosjtl ebhbeo$`bs.5 0o puono l!jrklr sjh `ualr l nunls "uo `l pb`ëtjel ebkb ejohejl surao l plrtjr no` +ohlejkjohtb' no `bs lpbrtos' "uo ostbs nj!orohtos lutbros !uorbh glejohnb' l plrtjr no sus prbpjls jh#ostjalejbhos' oh nbhno o` k>tbnb "uo so utj`j6õ mìsjelkohto !uo o` no `l bmsor#lejõh no `l rol`jnln' o` k>tbnb okpërjeb tlkmj>h o` roselto no `bs lutbros lhtjaubs b e`ìsjebs no ;roejl no +bkl' muselhnb oh sus oserjtbs `ls rospuostls b `bs lr"uotjpbs plrl huo#ls sbejonlnos' ebh `l elrletorëstjel no` gbkmro ebkb prbtlabhjstl prjhejpl`' b eohtrb no `ls probeuplejbhos. Erob "uo tbnls !uorbh rospuostls plrejl`os' porb "uo !uorbh l`bhlhnb uh elkjhb' oh "uo o` gbkmro pbr sbmro tbnls `ls ebsls' jhtohtlml noseumrjrso l së kjskb. 7uo uh tjokpb no omu``jejõh no jnols hb sb`b oh `l pb`ëtjel' sjhb oh `ls nj!orohtos rlkls no` lrto' no `l ejohejl no `l `jtorlturl. ^b#b pl$oe?l pb$ #oseu'$j$5 `ls nj!orohtos ebrrjohtos !j`bsõ!jels "uo suraëlh' puahlmlh ohtro së. Oh `l (jstbrjl no `l kohto guklhl' o` +ohlejkjohtb os o` lrrlh"uo no uh `lrab prbeosb "uo eu`kjhl l` ``oalr' glstl nbhno ostlkbs' luhuo uj6ìs ohebht$lh#b su lht?tosjs oh huost$l >pbel, ebkb uhl ospoejo no !jhl` no` noslrrb``b no l"uo``b "uo so pusb oh klregl oh osbs kbkohtbs. )bs pohslnbros !j`bsõ!jebs' oh#jnjlmlh oh ejortb kbnb l `l ejohejl' pbr su soaurjnln kltokìtjel' sblmlh ebh pbnor glm`lr ebh `l kjskl lutbrjnln' sbmro `bs tokls trlseohnohtos' l"uo``bs' "uo jhtoroslh l tbnbs oh `l #jnl 5
rol`5 o` mjoh' `l kuorto' `l sbejonln' `l ustjejl kbrl`' Njbs' ote. 9b`#johnb l` k>tbnb' erob "uo !uo Noselrtos $' "ujoh pbr prjkorl #o6 p`lhtol uh k>tbnb oh /F$A' oh p`ohb sja`b no `l rl6õh' eulhnb pum`jel su Njseu$sb #o` K>tb#b. O` k>tbnb plrto no `l nunl protohno suporlr`l ostlm`oeo eultrb roa`ls plrl ``oalr l `l #ornln5 /L hb leoptlr pbr #ornlnorb `b "uo hb so sopl o#jnohtokohto "uo hb `b os' sjh proejpjtlejõh proujejb =) Nj#jnjr `ls nj!jeu`tlnos oh o` klbr h8korb pbsjm`o no plrtos. $L Sohslr pbr brnoh' sumjohnb no `b sjkp`o l `b ebkp`ob. &L (leor ohukorlejbhos "uo hb bkjtlh hlnl. Osto k>tbnb' "uj>rlh`b b hb' jh!`ujrì hbtbrjlkohto oh `bs pohslnbros no su >pbel oh `bs pbstorjbros' tjoho su prjkorl o#jnohejl oh `l lp`jelejõh no` k>tbnb l `l lutb l!jrklejõh no` gbkmro ebkb suotb5 -Sjohsb, `uo+b o7jstb. ' suraoh `bs prjhejpjbs no `l rospuostl !j`bsõ!jel5 o` gbkmro puono ``oalr l` ebhbejkjohtb no `l #ornln oh së kjskb pbr së kjskb l`elh6lr `l #ornln os o` rosu`tlnb no `l lp`jelejõh ebrroetl no `l elplejnln guklhl no ebhbejkjohtb.
Ebhto7tb &jst($jeb < u'jelej(h +ob+$ì1jel #o Klujl!o``b )l erjsjs no `l onln ebkuhl`' "uo so leoht8l l !jhl`os no` sja`b GJ9 ebh `l ebhsb`jnlejõh no `l murauosël' lmro uh plhbrlkl gjstõrjeb eu`turl` oh o` "uo 7`brohejl so orjajrì ebkb prbtlabhjstl sbmro btrls ejunlnos jtl`jlhls ebh#jrtj>hnbso oh pbtohejl oebhõkjel no rlhab jhtorhlejbhl` !l#broejnl pbr uh ostlnb no mo`jaorlhejl. ?rls o` l`olkjohtb no `l ejunln no "ujoh notohtõ su abmjorhb' ;ul`torjb no %rjohho' okpjo6l `l otlpl no `l nohbkjhlnl -#o"be$lejl 1`b$ohtjhl., "uo porkjtjõ uh luao oh `l #jnl eu`turl` `jtorlrjl no `l ejunln. Os o` porëbnb eroltj#b no %beleejb& o` kbkohtb no `l !brklejõh no uh arupb no õ#ohos e`lsjejstls' "ujohos soaurlkohto gumjorlh nosolnb `l prosohejl no Sotrlrel - oh oso kbkohtb. O` prostjajb eu`turl` no `l ejunln hb sõ`b l!oetlml `l `jtorlturl' sjhb tlkmj>h l `ls nokìs lrtos' sbmro tbnb `l pjhturl' l eub noslrrb``b ebhtrjmujrël uh ;jbttbF' ohtro btrbs' pbr ookp`b. 7`brohejl so ebh#ortjrì oh ejunln ostlnb, kbno`b' ebh su pb`ëtjel no o"uj`jmrjb eub kìxjkb pbnor sorël lsjahlnb l huo#o ejunlnlhbs rookp`l6lnbs elnl nbs kosos. )bs nj#orsbs õralhbs ooeutj#bs no ebhtrb` `l nj#jsjõh no pbnoros no!ohnorëlh l `l rop8m`jel no `l tjrlhël. Os `l rop8m`jel bralhj6lnl pbr `bs prjkorbs guklhjstls l jklaoh mlb o` roeuornb no `l htjaIonln e`ìsjel. 7`brohejl su brnoh jhtorhb so jhspjrlh oh o` tjpb jnol` no `l ejunln ustl' mjoh brnohlnl' lrkbhjbsl mo``l. Ebkb Elhej``or so orjao Eb`ueejb Ul`utltj, ;&lstl 382C ebhtjhulnbr no Sotrlrel' jh#ostjalnbr no` slmor `ltjhb no `l !j`bsb!ël `l pbosël arjoals' uhb no `bs lrtë!jeos no `l pb`ëtjel oxtorjbr no 7`brohejl. )uoab ebh `l ``oalnl no `bs K>njejs l` pbnor 7`brohejl ab6lrì no` klbr luao ebhbejnb ohtro tbnls `ls ejunlnos ebhtokpbrìhols. Ebh Ebsj"b #o K>#jejs ;38C, `l ejunln so lnbrhlrì no mo``bs hukorbsbs kbhukohtbs o` prostjajb so rosl`tlrì pbr `l osp`>hnjnl mjm`jbtoel "uo o` huo#b sobr no 7`brohejl !brkl. Elmo nostlelr "uo l pro#jlkohto `bs K>#jejs' mlh"uorbs no` Slplnb no `bs sbmorlhbs no 7rlhejl Jha`ltorrl %brabl' glmëlh jnb beuplhnb uh `ualr elnl #o6 kìs nostlelnb oh o` abmjorhb no `l ejunln. %lb o` abmjorhb no ostl njhlstël konjeol' 7`brohejl l poslr no jhjejlr su belsb pb`ëtjeb l8h nohtrb no su lplrjohejl no brnoh' sorì `l ohelralnl no nj!uhnjr arlh plrto no `ls tobrëls rohleohtjstls arlejls l `l erolejõh no `l Lel#o"jl S`lt(hjel pbr bmrl no` !j`õsb!b Kl$sj`jb %jejhb "uo tlkmj>h ebhtlrl pbstorjbrkohto ebh `l plrtjejplejõh no` !j`õsb!b ;jb#lhhj Sjeeb no``l Kjrìhnb`l5 )o sueono oh o` pbnor Sjo$b #o Ko#jejs l "ujoh tu#b "uo lunlr su gjb @b$oh6b "ujoh `o sueonjõ oh o` trbhb5 pblnb oh `l #jsjõh no `l #j+hjtls &b"jhjs o` #l`br guklhb no `ls `otrls' lsuko ohtbheos o` ;bmjorhb no 7`brohejl , @b$oh6b J #o Ko#jejs; 38C38=, oh eul !jaurl no koeohls so ebhualh tlkmj>h `l no prbtoetbr pbotl' roprosohtlhnb l su #o6 `l #j#l oxprosjõh no` kuhnb rohleohtjstl. O`lmbrlrì uh prbarlkl no goaokbhël pb`ëtjel !`brohtjhl ebh uhl gìmj` o"uj`jmrlnl letulejõh oh `bs lsuhtbs no` Ostlnb' sjhb l trl#>s no `l letj#jnln `jtorlrjl' jkpu`slhnb o` eu`tb no `l `jtorlturl oh `ohaul #u`alr tobrj6lhnb `l suprokleël no` tbselhb' ebh `bs prostjajbsbs lhtoeonohtos no Nlhto' Sotrlrel %beleejb' !uhnlhnb `l %jm`jbtoel )lurohtjhl. Oh o` torrohb pb`ëtjeb tu#b "uo oh!rohtlrso l` pltrjejlnb' "uo oh /&AD jhtohtõ lelmlr ebh `bs K>njejs. 0o oh!rohtõ tlkmj>h l` Slpl Uj7tb J, "ujoh `o noe`lrõ `l auorrl lpblnb pbr 7orhlhnb J >
no Hìpb`os' porb )broh6b J `barõ ltrlorso l` kbhlrel hlpb`jtlhb' ebh `b "uo su pbnor lukohtõ. No sus tros gjbs' So#$b JJ `o sueonjõ oh o` pbnor' l`jlnb no Elr`bs 9JJJ no 7rlhejl' !uo oxpu`slnb no 7`brohejl oh /&@&. )u`jìh roeuporõ o` pbnor oh /-/= ebh lpbb no` Slpl 2u`jb JJ no `ls trbpls osplb`ls. )o sueonjõ @b$oh6b ;38=3F3, gjb no Sonrb JJ sbmrjhb no )oõh G' "uj>h `b hbkmrõ Elpjtìh ;ohorl` no `l Ja`osjl `o ohtroaõ o` Nuelnb no sto sorël' l "ujoh Kl"ujl#o``b nonjelrël su `jmrb O` S$?hejpo, muselhnb ebkb njeo oh `l nonjeltbrjl no `l bmrl -ebhujstl$ `l +$lejl #o uh p$?hejpo., oxproslhnb l` !jhl`j6lr `l nonjeltbrjl5 -]oej'l puos uost$l Kl+hj1jeohejl osto pouoAb b'soujb ebh `l "js"l jhtohej(h ebh uo bs `b b1$o6eb sj `b `o>js < "o#jtìjs, &l``l$ojs oh >` "j #osob !o$bs ``o+l$ l `l eu"'$o uo !uost$b #ostjhb < !uost$ls eul`j#l#os p$b"otoh5 Uj !uost$l Kl+hj1jeohejl so #j+hl 'l9l$ `bs b9bs < !o$ `l &u"j``lej(h l uo "o &lh $o#uej#b, eb"p$oh#o$>js eb"b &o sbpb$tl#b `ls jh9ustjejls uo `l l#!o$sl 1b$tuhl "o &l &oe&b o7po$j"ohtl$.5
M$o!o Mjb+$l1?l #o Hjeb`ìs Klujl!o``b ;38C3F= Hlejõ oh 7`brohejl o` $ no Klb no /&F@. Eõkb orl `l 7`brohejl no oso kbkohtb ` rospoetb Kl$eo` M$jbh hbs njeo5 -: l``? o$l 1ìej` oh$juoeo$so, 'lstl'l ebh beupl$so #o `l `lhl, `l so#l b o` euo$b, #o !oh#o$ < eb"p$l$ b `b uo o$l l/h "ìs sohej``b, #o p$ostl$ #jho$b l eb$tb p`l6b < "o#jlhto uh jhto$>s o`o!l#b, sjh $jos+bs, ebh 'uohls &jpbtoels, `b uo +l$lhtj6l'l `l &b`+u$l oebh("jel l` el'b #o pbebs lAbs < `l bpu`ohejl plsl#ls l`+uhls +oho$lejbhos: @bs Kle&jl!o``j ; `bs plnros no Hjeb`ìs so ebhtohtl'lh ebh su suo`#b, Csu plnro' urjsebhsu`tb' orl !uhejbhlrjbL uo `os po$"jt?l !j!j$ t$lhuj`bs <, l 'uoh so+u$b, tl"'j>h 1o`jeos:: ebh rospoetb l `l hjo6 no Hjeb`ìs Kl"ujl#o``b njrì %rjbh5 -1$oeuoht( `l oseuo`l #o` 'l$$jb: < #l#b uo o$l jhto`j+ohto < lp$oh#?l $ìpj#b `o pusjo$bh 'uohbs "lost$bs:o$l uh `oetb$ !b$l6 #o eul`ujo$ b'$l uo el` #o $ltl #o 'j'`jbtoel < p$o1o$?l `l el``o l `bs `j'$bs, ebh sus "j` ospoetìeu`bs el"'jlhtos, sus 1jostls < sus sup`jejbs, sus p$beosjbhos < sus o9oeuejbhos5 O` "js"b +oht?b uo lhtjel ltohej(h `ls l$oh+ls #o` pb`?tjeb el``o9o$b b `bs so$"bhos #o` p$o#jel#b$5 U(`b ebh uo el"'jlso o` !johtb #o #j$oeej(h luo``ls +ohtos eb$$?lh l #ospo#l6l$ l` "js"b &b"'$o uo lslr %brajl/3' "uo oh oso tjokpb ostlml okpolnb oh oharlhnoeor sus nbkjhjbs oh `l Jtl`jl eohtrl`. Nosno /-3$ l /-3F Kl"ujl#o``b robralhj6õ `l no!ohsl kj`jtlr no `l +op8m`jel 7`brohtjhl' sj mjoh o` usb no trbpls koreohlrjls orl ebk8h oh osl >pbel' >` pro!jrjõ roe`utlr trbpls hltj#ls plrl lsoaurlr `l porklhohto pltrjõtjel no!ohsl no `l ebkuhjnln. Oh /-/=' eulhnb `bs K>njejs' roebh"ujstlrbh o` pbnor' Kl"ujl#o``b !uo slelnb no su b!jejhl' mro#okohto ohelreo`lnb' mlb elrabs no ebhspjrlejõh ebhtrl `bs K>njejs. )uoab no su `jmorlejõh' so rotjrõ eorel no 7`brohejl' nbhno oserjmjõ sus kìs jkpbrtlhtos trlmlbs. poslr no sus jhtohtbs no alhlrso o` !l#br no @b$oh6b #o K>#jejs' huhel !uo rojhtoarlnb l su prbkjhohto pbsjejõh aumorhlkohtl` pro#jl. Eulhnb `l +op8m`jel !uo mro#okohto rostjtujnl oh /-=A' !uo sbspoeglnb pbr kuegbs ropum`jelhbs no tohor tohnohejl prb,K>njejs. Kurjõ oh 7`brohejl o` =/ no 2uhjb no oso kjskb lb. 0u bmrl kìs ebhbejnl os O` Srëhejpo' porb os lutbr no btrls ebkb `bs Njseu$sbs sb'$o `l S$j"o$l N>el#l #o ^jtb @j!jb' No` l$to #o `l 4uo$$l' Gjstb$jl #o %`b$ohejl' j#l #o Elst$ueeejb Elst$lelhj, Klh#$l+b`l5 Oh kuegbs no sus oserjtbs lhtjejpõ `l ``oalnl no Ostlnbs hlejbhl`os !uortos. ?
J#ols Eoht$l`os #o Klujl!o``b )l bmrl no Hjeb`ìs Kl"ujl#o``b' hleo no `l ebhuhejõh no nbs !letbros5 pbr uh `lnb o` toõrjeb no sõ`jnl !brklejõh guklhjstl' pbr btrb o` no` gbkmro no leejõh' ebkprbkotjnb oh `bs lsuhtbs pb`ëtjebs no 7`brohejl no `l Jtl`jl no l"uo` kbkohtb gjstõrjeb "uo `o tbeõ #j#jr. ?bnb o``b so pbnrël noejr "uo jh!`uohejõ notorkjhlhtokohto oh `l !brklejõh no su pohslkjohtb' "uo klnurõ oh ebgorohejl no `b "uo kìs tlrno >` kjskb ``lklrël 1#ornln o!oetul`:. Ebkb so njb lhtorjbrkohto O` S$?hejpo !uo o`lmbrlnb oh uh jhtohtb no nokbstrlr l `bs Konjejs su oxporjohejl su nosjhtoroslnl eb`lmbrlejõh. O` S$?hejpo !uo jhjejlnb l` kjskb tjokpb "uo sus Njseu$sbs sb'$o `l p$j"o$l #>el#l #o ^jtb @j!jb, oh `bs eul`os jhtohtlml ohsolr ebkb so !brklh' so klhtjohoh so njsuo`#oh `ls rop8m`jels. Oh @bs Njseu$sbs: so tobrj6l sbmro l"uo``l rop8m`jel "uo plrl o` lutbr orl `l !brkl kìs l`tl no` Ostlnb' kjohtrls "uo oh O` S$?hejpo, glm`l sbmro o` prjhejplnb' #jstb ebkb rokonjb pbsjm`o plrl eulhnb ostìh lusohtos `ls #jrtunos eë#jels "uo klhtjohoh `l rop8m`jel so gleo hoeoslrjb ``lklr l oso 1prëhejpo: b `ënor no oxeopejõh. Kl"ujl#o``b so bpbhël l `bs ``lklnbs utbpjstls pb`ëtjebs CS`ltõh' EjeorõhL l o``b so uhël uh posjkjskb ebheomjnb oh `bs gbkmros' eul hlturl`o6l' >` ebhsjnorlml' orl kl`#lnl. Ebkb sb`uejõh l ostl #jsjõh no` gbkmro' surao `l hoeosjnln no` Ostlnb ebkb 8hjeb rokonjb plrl #oheor o` jhnj#jnul`jskb' bralhj6lhnb l `bs gbkmros oh uhl uhjnln ebh uh !jh ebk8h. poslr no `l 1kl`l prohsl: "uo gl tohjnb Kl"ujl#o``b osto `jmrb oh plrtjeu`lr' >` gb os ebhsjnorlnb ebkb o` plnro no` pohslkjohtb pb`ëtjeb kbnorhb' l "uo !uo o` prjkorb oh nonjelrso l noserjmjr `l rol`jnln pb`ëtjel tl` eul` os' nolhnb no `lnb `bs p`lhtolkjohtbs >tjebs b ro`jajbsbs' tohjohnb `l kjskl uh elrìetor osohejl`kohto utj`jtlrjb' ostì njrjajnl l uh prëhejpo' nìhnb`o roa`ls prletjels sbmro ebkb os kìs o!jel6 abmorhlr. B` noserjmo ebkb sbh `bs Ostlnbs' hb ebkb nomoh sor' os no ostl !brkl ebkb noseumro `l 1#ornln o!oetj#l:. Ostb "uonl e`lrb l oh `l nonjeltbrjl l )broh6b eulhnb njeo5 -:pb$uo "j jhtohej(h &l sj#b uo hb o7jstl "ìs pb"pl < l#b$hb uo `l !o$#l# #o `bs &oe&bs:. Ostb so #o e`lrlkohto tlkmj>h oh o` Elpjtu`b G9 eulhnb njeo5 1:sjoh#b "j jhtohej(h ose$j'j$ uhl ebsl /tj` pl$l ujoh `l eb"p$oh#l, "o &l pl$oej#b "ìs ebh!ohjohto so+uj$ `l !o$#l# $ol` #o `l "lto$jl, uo `bs #os!l$?bs #o `l j"l+jhlej(h oh `b ebheo$hjohto l o``l5 Kue&bs &lh j"l+jhl#b ]op/'`jels < p$jhejpl#bs uo huhel o7jstjo$bh oh $ol`j#l#5 Gl< tlhtl #jstlhejl #o e("b so !j!o l eb"b so #o'o$?l !j!j$, uo o` uo #o9l o` ostu#jb #o `b uo so &leo pl$l ostu#jl$ `b uo so #o'o$?l &leo$ lp$oh#o "ìs 'joh `b uo #o'o b'$l$ su $ujhl uo `b uo #o'o p$oso$!l$`o #o o``l5. Oh no!jhjtj#l' l trl#>s no` `jmrb noserjmo `bs k>tbnbs l trl#>s no `bs eul`os bmtohor klhtohor o` pbnor' nos`jalhnb `l >tjel no `l pb`ëtjel' luh"uo no su `oeturl gl ejortbs plslos oh `bs "uo so ln#jorto ejortbs ltjsmbs no >tjelM b "uj6ì sjkp`okohto o` jhstjhtb no "uo hb os prunohto roajrso sõ`b pbr `l lkmjejõh no pbnor' pbr"uo ostb so puono #b`#or oh ebhtrl no` prëhejpo' sol pbr eul`"ujorl no ostbs kbtj#bs' eulhnb ebkohtl `ls leejbhos no altbe`os plrl gleorso no` pbnor oh 0jej`jl' oh `l p.&A no` Elpëtu`b 9JJJ njeo5.Hb so puo#o ``l"l$ !l`b$ 33 "ltl$ l sus ebheju#l#lhbs, t$ljejbhl$ l `bs l"j+bs, el$oeo$ #o 1o, #o &u"lhj#l# < #o $o`j+j(h ostbs "o#jbs puo#oh ``o!l$ l l#uj$j$ o` j"po$jb, po$b hb `l +`b$jl. )l a`brjl os uh sohtjnb hobe`ìsjeb' o` #l`br suprokb' ebkb jnol` no trlseohnohejl oh o` tjokpb' plrl osb sjr#o o` pbnor' oh `l kohto l8h rohleohtjstl no Kl"ujl#o``b' "uo pjohsl oserjmo ostb oh uhl 7`brohejl ebh#ortjnl oh elkpb no mltl``l ohtro Ospll 7rlhejl. `b oserjmo' 1rotjrlnb: `uoab no uhl letj#l #jnl pb`ëtjel kj`jtlr l` sor#jejb no 7`brohejl' uhl #o6 `jmorlnb no sus rospbhslmj`jnlnos punb kjrlr !rëlkohto l` gbkmro sus leejbhos' koroejohnb #o %$lhejs Mlebh3= osto ebkohtlrjb5 -Kue&b #o'o"bs l Klujl!o``b < l bt$bs eb"b >`, uo ose$j'jo$bh sb'$o `b uo &leoh `bs &b"'$os < hb sb'$o `b uo #o'o$?lh &leo$. 7jhl`kohto su `jmrb' O` S$?hejpo' oserjtb oh /-/$' ebh ebhsobs plrl o` 1prëhejpo: no 7`brohejl' @b$oh6b Csu hjotb' hb o` arlh koeohlsL' hb `o sjahj!jeõ kìs larlnoejkjohtb ltohejõh pbr plrto no >sto "uo uh oh#ëb no mbto``ls no #jhb. Oh O` S$?hejpo' Kl"ujl#o``b hb #l nosno `bs prjhejpjbs glstl `l rol`jnln' sjhb "uo gleo oxletlkohto `b ebhtrlrjb' plrto no `l rol`jnln o!oetj#l `uoab nosno l``ë' ``oal glstl `bs prjhejpjbs aohorl`os "uo `l rol`jnln `o ohsolh. os no ostl !brkl "uo ``oal glstl `l ``lklnl rl6õh no Ostlnb. Sbr 8`tjkb os jkpbrtlhto nostlelr' "uo oh o` Elpëtu`b GG9J' l` !jhl` no` `jmrb' pbhjohnb no 6
klhj!jostb uhl no sus probeuplejbhos b lspjrlejbhos' "uo surajrëlh no osl Jtl`jl nj#jnjnl oh prjhejplnbs rojhbs nj#orsbs' gleo uhl sorjo no roebkohnlejbhos oxgbrtlejbhos l su prëhejpo' plrl `barlr o` jnol` no uhl Jtl`jl uhjnl' `jmorlnl no `bs 1mìrmlrbs:. Sltrjejb Eb`bkmb Kur8l' oh su bmrl Eu$sb #o No$oe&b Sb`?tjeb 3 ejtlhnb l Eglr`os %ohbrst' noserjmo `ls elrletorëstjels !uhnlkohtl`os "uo soa8h Kl"ujl#o``b nomo tohor o` Srëhejpo "uo nomo #ohjr5 0u rol`jskb5 nomo ostlr ltohtb plrl ebhsu`tlr `bs goegbs nosohtrllr `l #ornln plrl pbnor bporlr ebh o!jelejl proejsjõh. 0u oabëskb5 lhtopbho su porsbhl l eul`"ujor ebhsjnorlejõh' oh oso oskorlnb eu`tj#b no su b' oorejtl su #b`uhtln' njsejp`jhl su pohslkjohtb l >` sumbrnjhl sus okbejbhos' sohtjkjohtbs hor#jbs. 0u sohtjnb no` eì`eu`b5 nomo pro!orjr sor tokjnb "uo lklnb. 0j `barl sor lnokìs lklnb' tlhtb kobr' pbr "uo so abmjorhl kìs o!jel6kohto eulhnb gl ebhsohsb. 0u jhnj!orohejl l` mjoh l` kl`0 o` prëhejpo pro!joro o` mjoh. Sorb sj os hoeoslrjb oorejtlr o` kl` plrl o#jtlr lkohl6ls l` pbnor `b nomo rol`j6lr sjh ros"uokbros. 0u glmj`jnln5 -@l eul`j#l# #o` osohejl` #o` p$?hejpo os `l !j$t/. ' "uo os uhl ohoraël jkpotubsl' "uo ebkmjhl `l nostro6l' `l lstuejl' `l notorkjhlejõh `l !uor6l. 0u elplejnln no sjku`lejõh kjkotjskb5 o` prëhejpo ebhsjauo kobros rosu`tlnbs l trl#>s no `l sjku`lejõh o` !rluno "uo konjlhto o` okp`ob no `l !uor6l. 0u arlhno6l5 puono o#lnjrso no `bs eìhbhos no `l kbrl` konjl pbr "uo su njkohsjõh ostì pbr ohejkl no `l konjberjnln jkporlhto. 0u aohjb `b umjel kìs l``ì no` mjoh no` kl`. @b uo j"pb$tl pl$l "o#j$ `l leej(h pb`?tjel #o` p$?hejpo os `l o1jelejl < hb `l "b$l`j#l# jht$?hsoel #o sus #oejsjbhos5 Ko jhtorosl nostlelr oh su bmrl O` Srëhejpo' o` Elpëtu`b GGJJ -No `bs Uoe$otl$jbs uo `bs p$?hejpos tjohoh l su `l#b. ' oh nbhno njeo5 1uo `l p$j"o$l ebh9otu$l uo so &leo sb'$o o` tl`ohtb #o uh p$?hejpo os !o$ `bs &b"'$os uo tjoho l`$o#o#b$ eulh#b sbh su1jejohtos < 1jo`os, sjo"p$o so `o puo#o ebhsj#o$l$ jhto`j+ohto: po$b eulh#b solh #o bt$b "b#b, sjo"p$o so puo#o 1b$"l$ sb'$o >` uh 9ujejb pbeb 1l!b$l'`o, puos o` p$j"o$ o$$b$ uo eb"oto, `b eb"oto oh ostl o`oeej(h5. so proauhtl kìs lno`lhto5 -IE("b puo#o uh p$?hejpo ebhbeo$ l` "jhjst$bD555 Eulh#b !os l` "jhjst$b pohsl$ "ìs oh s? "js"b uo oh tj, < uo oh tb#ls sus leejbhos 'usel su p$b!oe&b, pjohsl uo oso jh#j!j#ub uo ls? so eb"pb$tl huhel so$ì 'uoh "jhjst$b. . pbr 8`tjkb' l oh o` Elpëtu`b sjaujohto `l "uo tjtu`l suaostj#lkohto 1No "uo kbnb gujr no `bs lnu`lnbros: njeo5 -:Hb ujo$b #o9l$ #o `l#b uh puhtb j"pb$tlhto:#o` uo `bs p$?hejpos so p$oso$!lh #j1?ej`"ohto, sj hb sbh "u< p$u#ohtos: Z >stbs sbh `bs l#u`l#b$os, #o `bs eul`os ostìh ``ohls `ls eb$tos: Hb &l< bt$b "b#b #o +ul$#l$so #o `l l#u`lej(h uo &leo$ eb"p$oh#o$ l `bs &b"'$os uo hb to b1oh#oh eulh#b to #jeoh `l !o$#l#: Sb$ tlhtb uh p$?hejpo p$u#ohto #o'o o`o+j$ oh su Ostl#b &b"'$os sl'jbs, < s(`b l o``bs #o'o #l$ l$'jt$jb pl$l uo `o #j+lh `l !o$#l#:. Ostbs ebhsobs oserjtbs gleo eultrb sja`bs' sjauoh tohjohnb uhl p`ohl #jaohejl' nomorëlh sor soaujnbs pbr huostrbs njrjaohtos ebhtokpbrìhobs.
Gb''os, @be*o < ]bussolu Ebheopej(h #o` Ostl#b ?gbkls (bmmos Oh eulhtb l ?gbkls (bmmos /&' b eul`"ujor btrb pohslnbr' hb erob "uo so puonl ohtohnor o` sohtjnb no su bmrl' sj `l nosprohnokbs no su >pbel' su gjstbrjl porsbhl`' `bs kbkohtbs gjstõrjebs "uo `o tbelrbh #j#jr su !brklejõh' hb sõ`b leln>kjeb sjhb prbnuetb tlkmj>h no` ebhtletb ebh btrbs arlhnos pohslnbros ebhtokpbrìhobs subs. Oh osto sohtjnb' lhtos no ohtrlr oh sus prjhejpl`os jnols' sjh protohnor gleor uhl mjbarl!ël no su porsbhl' kohejbhlr> "uo hleo oh Kl`kosmur o` - no lmrj` no /-DD' gjb no ?gbkls' #jelrjb no ostpbrt' o` eul` elhslnb no `l plrrb"ujl' prbhtb lmlhnbhl `l !lkj`jl' ebkpuostl pbr tros gjbs su kuor. 7rlhejs' gorklhb no `l klnro so gleo elrab no `l kjskl' eujnlhnb oskorlnlkohto l` po"uob ?gbkls. )l l!jejõh nbkjhjb "uo prbhtb nokbstrõ pbr `ls `ohauls e`ìsjels `o ``o#lrbh l trlnuejr l `bs /& lbs' `l Ko#ol no Ourëpjnos oh ìkmjebs `ltjhbs. `bs /- jharosl oh o` Klano`oh (l`` no x!brn' plslhnb pbeb nospu>s l `l
no j``jlk El#ohnjsg' !uturb Ebhno no No#bhsgjro' l eul elsl ostlrì uhjnb tbnl `l #jnl. ebkpllhnb l` b#oh j``jlk rol`j6l #jlos l` ebhtjhohto "uo `o porkjtoh ebhbeor l ;l`j`ob' o` eëreu`b no` plnro Korsohho `l Oseuo`l #o Sl#ul/-. Oh /F&3 ejreu`lh oh !brkl no klhuserjtbs' sus O`o"ohts b1 @l, hltu$l` lh# pb`jtje ' "uo hb orl su prjkorl bmrl oserjtl' puos oh /F=D glmël pum`jelnb uhl trlnueejõh no `l Gjstb$jl #o `l 4uo$$l #o` So`bpbhosb no ?ueënjnos. ?okjohnb sbmro `l roleejõh pb`ëtjel leorel no sus klhuserjtbs' so oxj`jl l 7rlhejl o` kjskb lb no `l pum`jelejõh no O`o"ohts:, // lbs nurlrì su `lrab oxj`jb' o` eul` ebjhejnjrì ebh su otlpl kìs prbnuetj#l ebkb oserjtbr5 Oh /F&= pum`jel No Ej!o, oh nbhno prolhuhejl kuegls no `ls jnols "uo `uoab p`lsklrël oh 1@o!jltìh, b `l "lto$jl, `l 1b$"l < o` pb#o$ #o uh ostl#b oe`osjìstjeb < ej!j`. ' porb sus probeuplejbhos pb`ëtjels no soaurjnln' hb `o porkjtoh pum`jelr o` rostb no `l bmrl' `l eul` so oheuohtrl oh arlh plrto ronletlnl. Nurlhto su porklhohejl oh Slrës' nl e`lsos no kltokìtjels l` Srëhejpo Elr`bs' !uturb Elr`bs JJ no Jha`ltorrl' "ujoh `b njstjhaujrì ebh su lkjstln eulhnb #uo`#lh l su plës. ` roaroslr l )bhnros' oh /F-/ pum`jel Bh `j'o$t< lh# hoeossjt< ' `jmrb "uo elusõ `ls jrls no` mjspb %rlkgl`t' ebh "ujoh klhtu#b uhl !lkbsl njsputl opjstb`lr. )uoab No Eb$pb$o No &b"jho' prjkorl soauhnl plrto no su O`o"ohtl S&<`bsbp&jlo. 8h pum`jelrël po"uols bmrls' ebhsoeuohejl no njsputls ebh sus ebhtokpbrìhobs' luh"uo hb so nomorël pohslr oh (bmmos ebkb uh pb`okjstl' sb`lkohto tohël pbr ebstukmro hb nolr sjh rospuostl `ls bmoejbhos l sus oserjtbs. gbrl mjoh' pbr notrìs no` ebheoptb sbmro >` "uo gl ``oalnb glstl huostrbs nëls' euì`os orlh sus jnols Ebkb noeël l` ebkjoh6b' ?gbkls (bmmos ostì jhsortb oh uhl sbejonln oh uhl >pbel5 `l sbejonln jha`osl o` sja`b G9JJ. Oh osl sbejonln nurlhto os >pbel' so prbnueoh tros ro#b`uejbhos "uo umjelrìh l Jha`ltorrl l `l elmo6l no `l kbnorhjnln5 `l ro#b`uejõh ejohtë!jel `ls nbs ro#b`uejbhos pb`ëtjels. )l ejohtë!jel' ``o#lnl l elmb !uorl no `bs eëreu`bs leln>kjebs' eu`kjhlrël ebh Ho\tbh' plslhnb pbr (lr#o /F l``js/A' tbnbs o``bs aujlnbs pbr o` k>tbnb "uo 7rlhejs %lebh glmël jhluaurlnb. Oh eulhtb l `ls nbs ro#b`uejbhos pb`ëtjels' `l no /F&D' "uo noelpjtõ `l elmo6l rol` `l no /FDD' "uo jkp`lhtõ o` r>ajkoh plr`lkohtlrjb' so lno`lhtlrbh ejoh lbs l `l !rlheosl. Kjohtrls o` rostb no Ourbpl Csl`#b Jtl`jlL l8h ostì nosportlhnb no` suob konjo#l`' Jha`ltorrl pbho oh klregl uhl sbejonln proplrlnl plrl `l otlpl korelhtj`,jhnustrjl` "uo so l#oejhl. 0jh okmlrab hb tbnb !uo tlh !ìej` l "uo `l `uegl ebhtrl `bs no!ohsbros no` lhtjaub r>ajkoh kbhìr"ujeb tu#b sus lpbbs oh `ls kbhlr"uëls lmsb`utls no` ebhtjhohto. )l ro#b`uejõh ejohtë!jel pbr su plrto' tu#b "uo rol`j6lrso !uorl no `l uhj#orsjnln' kuegbs !j`õsb!bs ejohtë!jebs !uorbh ebhnohlnbs porsoaujnbs' oh o` elsb no (bmmos' sus bmrls !uorbh "uoklnls tros lbs nospu>s no su kuorto. Ejheuohtl lbs nurõ `l ro#b`uejõh pb`ëtjel (bmmos pbr su sjtulejõh sbejl` tlkmj>h pbr su `bhao#jnln' plrtjejpõ p`ohlkohto no lkmbs prbeosbs. js`lnl no osl sjtulejõh ro#b`uejbhlrjl nohtrb no `l sbejonln jha`osl' hb os pbsjm`o ebkprohnor o` @o!jltìh' sjh Noselrtos' ;l`j`ob btrbs no sus ebhtokpbrìhobs' tlkpbeb so puono ebheomjr `l tbtl`jnln no su pohslkjohtb.
Sohsl"johtb #o Gb''os 0oa8h (bmmos' oh o` @o!jltìh,;3CF3, o` gbkmro oh ostlnb hlturl` gleo ajrlr tbnb oh tbrhb no së kjskb. 0u noroegb sbmro tbnb os j`jkjtlnb sus plsjbhos `b jkpu`slh l "uoror`b tbnb. Oh osl sjtulejõh' nomjnb l` noroegb l tbnb no tbnbs' l `l jaul`nln hlturl`' `l tohsjõh ebhstlhto C>` `l ``lklrì ostlnb no auorrlL' tbnb gbkmro aujlnb pbr su jhstjhtb no ebhsor#lejõh' nosol klhtohor su prbpjl `jmortln nbkjhlr l` kjskb tjokpb l `bs nokìs. Oh oso ostlnb 1o` gbkmro os uh `bmb plrl o` gbkmro.: )l rl6õh' uhb no `bs ebkpbhohtos no` gbkmro uhtb ebh o` euorpb' `o gleo ``oalr l uhl sorjo no ebhe`usjbhos' pbr konjb no `ls eul`os ebkprohno "uo nomo eonor plrto no sus noroegbs plrl l`elh6lr kìs soaurjnln uhl #jnl kìs larlnlm`o. Os ohtbheos' "uo o` gbkmro so #orì bm`jalnb l ``o#lr l elmb `l ebhstrueejõh no `l 1sbejonln ej#j`:' plrl `jmrlrso no osl arlh poslnj``l "uo os `l auorrl no tbnbs ebhtrl tbnbs' `bs gbkmros so laruplh oh ebkuhjnlnos no`oalh su pbnor oh uhl lutbrjnln eohtrl`. Noslrrb``lrì osto pohslkjohtb oh su arlh bmrl @o!jltìh/D -O` /hjeb "b#b #o o$j+j$ uh pb#o$ eb"/h elpl6 #o #o1oh#o$hbs #o `l jh!lsj(h o7t$lh9o$l < `l jh9u$jls #o uhbs l bt$bs: os ebh1o$j$ tb#b su pb#o$ < 1uo$6l l uh &b"'$o b 7
lsl"'`ol #o &b"'$os, uo puo#l $o#uej$ tb#ls sus !b`uhtl#os, pb$ p`u$l`j#l# #o !beos, l uhl !b`uhtl#5. 3 (bmmos !uhnlkohtl `l hoeosjnln no muselr `barlr uh ebhsohtjkjohtb ebk8h plrl ebhstjtujr uh pbnor ebk8h "uo tu#jorl `l elplejnln' hb sb`lkohto no `l no!ohsl no `ls larosjbhos oxtorhls' sjhb "uo mrjhnlrl `l soaurjnln jhtorhl' jkprosejhnjm`o plrl o` oorejejb no `ls nj!orohtos jhnustrjls b letj#jnlnos oebhõkjels' "uo njrjajorl `ls leejbhos no `bs gbkmros glejl o` mjoh ebk8h C>` oh rol`jnln' glm`l no moho!jejb ebk8hL. 1Ostb os "ìs uo ebhsohtj"johtb b ebheb$#jl os uhl !o$#l#o$l uhj#l# #o tb#bs o``bs oh uhl j#>htjel po$sbhl &oe&l pb$ pletb #o el#l &b"'$o ebh el#l &b"'$o: Goe&b ostb, `l "u`tjtu# ls? uhj#l oh uhl po$sbhl so ``l"l ]OSM@JEL, oh `lt?h EJJ^LU5 Ostl os `l +oho$lej(h #o oso +$lh @o!jltìh b "ìs 'joh ;pb$ &l'`l$ ebh "lhorb guklhb. Sorb plrl `barlr o``b' nomorì rosjahlr noroegbs `jmortlnos "uo tohël oh o` ostlnb hlturl`. leoptlr `ls noejsjbhos no `l klbrël' l8h eulhnb hb ostu#jorl no leuornb5 -: puostb uo `l "l
trbs pohslnbros Hb puonb nolr no kohejbhlr oh osto puhtb no` trlmlb' "uo o` prjkorb oh p`lhtolr `l jnol no ebht$ltb sbejl` ' os o` !j`õsb!b l`okìh 2bglhos `tgjusjus=3 C/--A, /F$DL "ujoh oh `bs Slësos mlbs jhtrbnueo `l huo#l !j`bsb!ël pb`ëtjel. `tgjusjus jhe`usb njstjhauo nbs hj#o`os no ebhtrltb5 uhb aohorl`' "uo ebhstjtuo l `bs gbkmros oh sbejonln' btrb "uo ospoeë!jelkohto ostlm`oeo l uhbs oh o` pbnor' rotohjohnb o` puom`b sjokpro `l sbmorlhël' luh"uo pleto leoptlr klhnltlrjbs' `bs eul`os puonoh sor u6alnbs nopuostbs pbr o` puom`b kjskb. Ostl jnol ebhebrnlml ebh `l sbejonln "uo protohnël !brklrso oh `bs lno`lhtlnbs Slësos %lbs' o!oetulhnb tlkmj>h uhl arlh ebhtrjmuejõh l o``b' `l bmrl no (uab ;rbejb=/ C(uja 9lh ;rbbtL C/-D$,/F&-L' "ujoh jhtrbnueo `l jnol no` #o$oe&b hltu$l` 5 `bs gbkmros pbr hlejkjohtb pbsooh uhbs noroegbs jhl`johlm`os' mìsjelkohto lhì`babs' eub rospotb nomo !brklr plrto no `l `oos. ;rbejb lnokìs !uhnl o` noroegb jhtorhlejbhl`' "uo gleo pbsjm`o `bs trltlnbs' !jrklnbs pbr `ls hlejbhos no jaul` l jaul`' ebkb prjkorl ebhsoeuohejl prìetjel' prbe`lkl `l nbetrjhl no` klr lmjortb' `b "uo letul`kohto ``lklkbs 1lauls jhtorhlejbhl`os:.
2bgh )be*o Hlejõ o` =@ no labstb no /F$= oh rjhatbh C0bkorsotL. Oh `l ostkjhstor 0egbb`' )be*o roejmjõ nosno /F&D' uh tjpb n onuelejõh "uo `uoab >` hb roebkohnlrël5 `bs lutbros e`ìsjebs' oh uh lprohnj6lo rutjhlrjb uhl njsejp`jhl rëajnl. Ohtrõ oh `l s plslrël l ohsolr >` kjskb oh osl ` uhl prb!uhnl jh!`uohejl ebh su tobrël ebrpuseu`lr' ebh "ujoh glrël trlmlb oxporjkohtl`. :
Oh /FF& !uo hbkmrlnb eohsbr no !j`bsb!ël kbrl` no `l pbel' ebh o` pb`ëtjeb jha`>s )brn htgbh sg`o Ebbpor' prjkor ebhno no 0gl!tosmur==' no "ujoh !uo lkjab' ebhsoorb k>njeb. 0gl!tosmur ln#jrtjõ oh )be*o eul`jnlnos plrl `l #jnl p8m`jel lnkjhjstrltj#l `o jhtrbnub oh o` kuhnb no `l njp`bklejl `l pb`ëtjel. 0gl!tosmur' "uo ``oalrël l sor `ënor no `l bpbsjejõh plr`lkohtlrjl l `bs Ostulrnbs u6alnb pbr trljejõh' !uo lunlnb pbr )be*o oh /FF@' "ujoh o` nosokpob no uhl no sus !uhejbhos b!jejl`os' ronletõ uhl Ebhstjtuejõh plrl `bs eb`bhbs no Elrb`jhl' oh Hbrtolk>rjel' "uo huhel ``oaõ l sor lp`jelnl. Oh /FA/ jhjejl `l ronleejõh no su kìs !lkbsl bmrl -h ohsls no "uo 0gl!tosmur gumjorl pornjnb o` !l#br no `l ebrbhl' )be*o so ostlm`oejõ oh 7rlhejl' nbhno trlml ebhtletb ebh `l l#lh6lnl ejohtë!jel !j`bsõ!jel no `l >pbel' lgbhnlhnb oh o` pohslkjohtb no Noselrtos ;lssohnj +oarosõ l Jha`ltorrl oh /FA@' oh uh kbkohtb no jhtohsj!jelejõh no `l roprosjõh pb`ëtjel' nbhno su lkjstln ebh 0gl!tosmur ebkp`jelrël `ls ebsls' prbhtb tu#b "uo roaroslr l` ebhtjhohto. Oh /FD$ guo glejl `ls Srb#jhejls s l ;uj``orkb no rlhao' no "ujoh )be*o orl ebhsoorb' `b eul` so `barl ebh `l ``lklnl +o#b`uejõh ;`brjbsl no /FDD `l rostlurlejõh no` prbtostlhtjskb' roaroslhnb no huo#b l Jha`ltorrl oh /FD@. poslr no `l jhtohsjnln no ostbs lebhtoejkjohtbs' )be*o supb ebkpltjmj`j6lr sus letj#jnlnos pb`ëtjels o jhto`oetul`os' oserjmjohnb prb`ë!jelkohto nurlhto sus lbs no oxj`jb5 noslrrb``õ sus jnols ponlaõajels' pum`jeõ uh rosukoh no su Ohslpbel' nltl su bmrl Sohsl"johtbs sb'$o `l O#uelej(h, "uo plrl kuegbs `b gleo o` plnro no `l ponlabaël kbnorhl. plrtjr no /F@/' !jõ su rosjnohejl oh ltos' oh nbhno roejmël `ls #jstls porjõnjels no Ho\tbh 0lkuo` E`lr*o' ohtro btrbs. Oh osbs lbs oserjmjõ @l $lejbhl`j#l# #o` e$jstjlhjs"b nbs No1ohsls no ostl bmrl' klhtohjohnb #j#ls pb`>kjels sbmro tokls pb`ëtjebs ro`jajbsbs. O` huo#b ro ;uj``orkb JJJ no rlhao `b hbkmrõ Kjhjstrb no Ebkorejb oh /F@F' elrab no` "uo njkjtjõ oh /A33 nomjnb l uhl oh!orkonln. 7l``oejõ o` =D no betumro no /A3& oh ltos.
)be*o o` Ostlnb 0us Nbs ^$ltl#bs b Ohslhnbhbs uh ostl#b #o hltu$l`o6l5 Oh tl` ostlnb `ls leejbhos no `bs gbkmros o` njs!ruto no sus prbpjonlnos nopohnorëlh no su prbpjb l`monrëb hb no `l #b`uhtln no l`aujoh kìs. Oh o` ostlnb hlturl` gl uhl `o' porb hb os ej#j` hb gl' pbr o``b abmjorhb l`auhb. hto ostlnb no ebsls' `l sb`uejõh ebhsjsto oh "uo `bs gbkmros so ebhstjtulh oh sbejonln ej#j`' ebh su ebrrospbhnjohto abmjorhb. 0oa8h osto ebhtrltb sbejl`' l elkmjb no `l prosor#lejõh no #jnls prbpjonlnos' elnl uhb eonorì su noroegb l ooreor #jb`ohejl sbmro `bs nokìs l `l sbejonln. No osto kbnb' "ujoh rbkpl osto ebhtrltb "uonl suotb l `l slhejõh no` pbnor ej#j`. O` Srjkor ?rltlnb sbmro o` abmjorhb ej#j`' os uhl `lral o`lmbrlnl ro!utlejõh no `l tobrël no` noroegb nj#jhb no `bs roos. 0oa8h )be*o' `l lutbrjnln rol` hb `o !uo ebheonjnl pbr Njbs l nìh' prjkor plnro no `l guklhjnlnM luh"uo no goegb `o gumjorl sjnb ebheonjnl tlkpbeb gl o#jnohejl no "uo njegl lutbrjnln !uoso trlhskjtjnl pbr sueosjõh no sus goronorbs. 0u pohslkjohtb sohtõ `ls mlsos no` jnolrjb pb`ëtjeb `jmorl`' sohtlhnb prjhejpjbs mìsjebs no` ebhstjtuejbhl`jskb' l "uo l nj!orohejl no (bmmos' lraukohtõ "uo o` ebhtrltb sbejl` sb`b pbnël ebhnuejr l uh abmjorhb `jkjtlnb hb l uhl kbhlr"uël. sjkjskb' )be*o no!ohnjõ `l soplrlejõh no pbnoros plrl jkponjr `l noaohorlejõh glejl uh nospbtjskb' jhe`jhìhnbso pbr `l suprokleël no` pbnor `oajs`ltj#b' ebh `b <3
eul` tlkmj>h puono ebhsjnorìrso`b uh toõrjeb no `l nokberlejl' glejl `l "uo torkjhlrbh o#b`uejbhlhnb `bs roaëkohos `jmorl`os' l` sbstohor lnokìs "uo pbr `oaëtjkb "uo !uorl' hjha8h pbnor nomorël sbmroplslr notorkjhlnbs `ëkjtos. ` noejr no` kjskb )be*o oh su bmrl Nbs ^$ltl#bs:5 .O` p$j"o$ pb#o$, os #oej$, o` #o &leo$ `b uo e$oo bpb$tuhb pl$l `l p$oso$!lej(h #o s? "js"b < #o` $ostb #o `l &u"lhj#l#, os l'lh#bhl#b pb$ o` &b"'$o pl$l $o+j$so pb$ `oh no l`auhl !brkl jhtrbnueo o` ebheoptb no romo`lrso ebhtrl uh pbnor hb `oaëtjkb eulhnb njeo5 -:hl#jo puo#o toho$"o sb"otj#b l su pb#o$ l'sb`utb, sj hb os pl$l b'`j+l$"o pb$ `l 1uo$6l l l`+b uo !l ebht$l o` #o$oe&b #o "j `j'o$tl#:, < `l $l6(h "o b$#ohl uo toh+l pb$ oho"j+b #o osl sl`!l+ul$#jl "?l l ujoh 'usel l$$o'ltl$"o `l `j'o$tl#: pb$ osb ujoh t$ltl #o ose`l!j6l$"o so eb`bel l s? "js"b oh ostl#b #o +uo$$l ebh"j+b: puostb uo `l `j'o$tl# os `l 'lso #o tb#b. +ospoetb no `l prbpjonln' nol oh e`lrb "uo `b 8hjeb "uo `l aohorl os 1o` trlmlb:' "uo os uhl elplejnln' jaul` oh tbnbs `bs gbkmros' "uo so puono noslrrb``lr l !jh no aohorlr klbros prbpjonlnos. )uoab so lraukohtlrì "uo o` lukohtb no `l pbm`lejõh torkjhõ ebh `ls tjorrls njspbhjm`os' jkpjnjohnb "uo sol o` trlmlb o` "uo aohorl `l prbpjonln' nlhnb `ualr l `ls `oos pbsjtj#ls' "uo roau`lrìh `l njstrjmuejõh no `ls tjorrls. )olh )leuos ]bussolu 2olh,2le"uos +bussolu C/A/=,/AADL' !j`õsb!b' toõrjeb pb`ëtjeb sbejl`' k8sjeb mbtìhjeb !rlhe>s' uhb no `bs oserjtbros kìs o`beuohtos no `l J`ustrlejõh. Hlejõ o` /D no uhjb no /A/= oh ;jhomrl C0uj6lL !uo onuelnb pbr uhbs tëbs' trls !l``oeor su klnro pbebs nëls nospu>s no su hlejkjohtb. 7uo okp`olnb ebkb lprohnj6 no arlmlnbr l `bs /$ lbs no onln' porb' nospu>s no tros lbs' lmlhnbhõ osto b!jejb plrl ebh#ortjrso oh soerotlrjb lebkpllhto lsjnub no klnlko )bujso no lrohs' uhl kuor rjel aohorbsl "uo ooreorël uhl prb!uhnl jh!`uohejl oh su #jnl bmrl. Oh /A&= so trls`lnõ l Slrës' nbhno trlmlõ ebkb prb!osbr ebpjstl no k8sjel' lnokìs no ooreor ebkb soerotlrjb pb`ëtjeb. )`oaõ l sor ëhtjkb lkjab no` !j`õsb!b !rlhe>s Nohjs Njnorbt=&' "ujoh `o ohelraõ oserjmjr notorkjhlnbs lrtëeu`bs sbmro k8sjel plrl `l Oheje`bponjl. Oh /A-3 alhõ o` prokjb no `l elnokjl no Njbh pbr su Njseu$sb sb'$o `ls ejohejls < `ls l$tos C/A-3L ' oh /A-=' !uo jhtorprotlnl pbr prjkorl #o6 su õporl O` sl'jb #o` puo'`b. ?lhtb oh `ls bmrls lhtorjbros' ebkb oh su B$j+oh < 1uh#l"ohtb #o `l #osj+ul`#l# oht$o `bs &b"'$os C/A--L' oxpusb `l tobrël "uo no!ohnël "uo `l ejohejl' o` lrto `ls jhstjtuejbhos sbejl`os glh ebrrbkpjnb l `l guklhjnln' soa8h `l eul` o` ostlnb hlturl`' b prjkjtj#b' os suporjbr oh o` p`lhb kbrl` l` ostlnb ej#j`j6lnb C#>lso Hlturl`jskbL. 0u e>`omro lsortb5 -^b#b os po$1oetb l` sl`j$ #o `ls "lhbs #o` E$ol#b$ < tb#b #o+oho$l oh "lhbs #o `bs &b"'$os. ' `l rotõrjel porsulsj#l no ostbs oserjtbs prb#belrbh ebkohtlrjbs mur`bhos pbr plrto no 9b`tljro' "ujoh ltleõ `ls bpjhjbhos no +bussolu susejtõ uhl otorhl ohokjstln ohtro lkmbs !j`õsb!bs !rlheosos. +bussolu lmlhnbhõ Slrës oh /A-F so rotjrõ l Kbhtkbrohe' nbhno oserjmjõ `l hb#o`l 2u`jl b )l huo#l O`bësl C/AF/L. Oh su !lkbsb trltlnb pb`ëtjeb O` ebht$ltb sbejl` b S$jhejpjbs #o #o$oe&b pb`?tjeb C/AF=L' oxpusb sus lraukohtbs sbmro `jmortln ej#j` ebhtrjmuõ l `l pbstorjbr !uhnlkohtlejõh mlso jnob`õajel no `l +o#b`uejõh 7rlheosl' l` no!ohnor `l suprokleël no `l #b`uhtln pbpu`lr !rohto l` noroegb nj#jhb.
0u pohslkjohtb <<
O` 'uoh sl`!l9o os o` puhtb no plrtjnl no `ls jnols sbejl`os no +bussolu. )l hlturl`o6l brjajhlrjl orl `l no uh mrutb !o`j65 mrutb pbr"uo l` #j#jr ljs`lnb' elroeo no `ohaulo ' pbr `b tlhtb' hb tjoho pbsjmj`jnlnos no noslrrb``b jhto`oetul`M porb !o`j6 pbr"uo sus hoeosjnlnos mìsjels sbh !ìej`os no sltjs!leor. -Uus #osobs hb !lh "ìs l``ì #o sus hoeosj#l#os 1?sjels `bs /hjebs 'johos uo ebhbeo oh o` "uh#b sbh `l eb"j#l, uhl &o"'$l < o` $opbsb `bs /hjebs "l`os uo to"o sbh o` #b`b$ < o` &l"'$o5 Nj+b o` #b`b$ < hb `l "uo$to, puos o` lhj"l` hb sl'$ì 9l"ìs `b uo os "b$j$, o` ebhbej"johtb #o `l "uo$to < sus to$$b$os os uhl #o `ls p$j"o$ls l#ujsjejbhos uo &j6b o` &b"'$o l` lpl$tl$so #o su ebh#jej(h lhj"l`. =F Oh o` ostlnb no hlturl`o6l o` gbkmro hb roebhbeo btrl `o "uo o` jhstjhtb no ebhsor#lejõh' porb >sto so #o kbnorlnb pbr uh soauhnb jhstjhtb5 `l pjonln' "uo `o gleo o#jtlr `bs su!rjkjohtbs jhhoeoslrjbs no `bs btrbs "uo os `l mlso no no` jhstjhtb no sbejlmj`jnln. -Gl< l#o"ìs bt$b p$jhejpjb uo Gb''os hb &l b'so$!l#b, o` eul`, &l'j>h#bso`o #l#b l` &b"'$o pl$l sul!j6l$ oh ejo$tls ej$euhstlhejls `l 1o$bej#l# #o su l"b$ p$bpjb b su #osob #o ebhso$!lej(h lhtos #o` hlej"johtb #o osto l"b$, "b#o$l o` l$#b$ uo sjohto pb$ su 'johostl$ ebh uhl jhhltl $opu+hlhejl l !o$ su1$j$ l sus so"o9lhtos: Ko $o1jo$b l `l pjo#l#5. =C Ko tbklr> `l `jeohejl' lhtos no ohtrlr oh su Ebht$ltb Ubejl` ' no soaujr jhnlalhnb leorel no sus jnols mìsjels' "uo ostìh p`lsklnls oh su B$j+oh < 1uh#l"ohtb #o `l #osj+ul`#l# oht$o `bs &b"'$os' os lsë "uo l``ë oxprosl5 -%uo, puos hoeosl$jb `l jh!ohej(h #o `ls bt$ls l$tos pl$l b'`j+l$ l` +>ho$b &u"lhb l o9o$eo$ `l l+$jeu`tu$l: No` eu`tj!b #o `ls tjo$$ls $osu`t( hoeosl$jl"ohto su $opl$tb < uhl !o6 $oebhbej#l `l p$bpjo#l#, su$+jo$bh `ls p$j"o$ls hb$"ls #o 9ustjejl0 puos, pl$l $ostjtuj$ l el#l eul` `b su` hb &l &oe&b, puo#l o` &b"'$o pbho$ oh o``ls l`+b "ìs uo su t$l'l9b5. Oh osto lspoetb no` brjaoh no `l prbpjonln' so ln#jorto su ebjhejnohejl ebh )be*o. )l Onln no rb oh `l "uo #j#ël o` muoh sl`#lo hb pbnël pornurlr5 `bs gbkmros kìs lptbs okpo6lrbh l lpbnorlrso no uhl pbrejõh no `bs roeursbs hlturl`os "uo orl suporjbr l sus hoeosjnlnos' ronuejohnb l `bs nokìs l `l nopohnohejl oebhõkjel. 0o ohtrõ lsë oh `l Onln no (jorrb' ku plroejnb l `b "uo (bmmos ohtohnël pbr ostlnb no Hlturl`o6l. plrl sl`jr no osl jhsoaurjnln #jb`ohejl ebhtjhuls' `bs prbpjotlrjbs ebh#ohejorbh l `bs nokìs no no `l hoeosjnln no !brklr uhl sbejonln ej#j` mlslnl oh o` klhtohjkjohtb no` ostlnb no `l prbpjonln oh l"uo` kbkohtb' pbr `b "uo os mìsjelkohto jhustl' soa8h +bussolu5 -O` p$j"o$ &b"'$o l ujoh eo$elh#b uh to$$ohb, so `o beu$$j( #oej$ ostb os "?b, < &l``( +ohtos `b 'lstlhto sj"p`os pl$l e$oo$`o 1uo o` !o$#l#o$b 1uh#l#b$ #o `l sbejo#l# ej!j`. Hlnjo `os njb5 .@bs 1$utbs sbh #o tb#bs < `l tjo$$l hb os #o hl#jo. plrtjr no l"uë' jhtohtlrì o`lmbrlr uh prboetb' luh"uo hb `o rosu`tlrì !ìej` gleor`b. Sbr osb' o` Ebht$ltb Ubejl` puono sor jhe`usb ebhtrlnjetbrjb ebh sus jnols' so `b oxp`jel +bussolu l plrtjr no` goegb no "uo `l jhbeohejl' uhl #o6 pornjnl os jrroeuporlm`o' punj>hnbso lspjrlr sb`lkohto l `l #jrtun. Sornjnl `l pbsjmj`jnln no ustjejl no !o`jejnln hlturl`' l` kohbs pbnrël sor pbsjm`o uh brnoh sbejl` #jrtubsb' nbhno so o`jkjhlrl tbnb o` kl` jhhoeoslrjb. O``b sõ`b sorël pbsjm`o konjlhto uhl ospoejo no sëhtosjs no `bs ebhtrlrjbs5 `barlr "uo o` jhnj#jnub so jnohtj!jelrl ebh `b aohorl`' sjh pornor su jhnj#jnul`jnln. Osto os o` bmotb no su bmrl >` kjskb `b no!jho lsë5 -Ohebht$l$ uhl 1b$"l #o lsbejlej(h uo #o1joh#l < p$bto9l ebh tb#l `l 1uo$6l eb"/h l `l po$sbhl < 'johos #o el#l lsbejl#b, < pb$ `l uo el#l eul`, uhj>h#bso l tb#bs, hb b'o#o6el sjh o"'l$+b, "ìs uo l s? "js"b < po$"lho6el tlh `j'$o eb"b lhto$jb$"ohto5 ^l` os o` p$b'`o"l 1uh#l"ohtl` l uo #l sb`uej(h o` Ebht$ltb Ubejl`.5 ebhtjh8l kìs lno`lhto5 -Jh"o#jltl"ohto oh `u+l$ #o `l po$sbhl pl$tjeu`l$ #o el#l ebht$ltlhto, osto letb #o lsbejlej(h p$b#ueo uh euo$pb "b$l` < eb`oetj!b: Ostl po$sbhl p/'`jel, 1b$"l#l ls? pb$ `l uhj(h #o `bs #o"ìs, tb"l'l lhtj+ul"ohto o` hb"'$o #o Eju#l#, < l&b$l o` #o ]op/'`jel:#ohb"jhl#b pb$ sus "jo"'$bs Ostl#b eulh#b os plsj!b, Ub'o$lhb, eulh#b os letj!b:]ospoetb l `bs lsbejl#bs, tb"lh eb`oetj!l"ohto o` hb"'$o #o puo'`b, ``l"ìh#bso pl$tjeu`l$"ohto eju#l#lhbs:. O` Ebht$ltb Ubejl` ' musel `l trlhs!brklejõh no `l sbejonln su prbarlkl' soa8h `l prbpjl no!jhjejõh no +bussolu so mlsl oh o` ostlm`oejkjohtb no uhl 1b$"l #o <=
lsbejlej(h ;555 "o#jlhto `l eul` el#l uhb, l` uhj$so l tb#bs, hb b'o#o6el, sjh o"'l$+b, "ìs uo l s? "js"b < uo#o tlh `j'$o eb"b lhtos 0o trltl puos' no uhl huo#l kbnl`jnln no ebhtrltb sbejl` "uo no#uo`#l l` gbkmro su ostlnb ]hlturl`] sjh "uo pbr o``b noml nolr no portohoeor l uhl ebkuhjnln. Hb os' ebkb "ujoro (bmmos' uh ebhtrltb ohtro jhnj#jnubs' hj no `bs jhnj#jnubs ebh uh abmorhlhto' ebkb prbpbho )be*o5 os uh pletb no `l ebkuhjnln ebh o` jhnj#jnub no` jhnj#jnub ebh `l ebkuhjnln. Elnl uhb no `bs lsbejlnbs so uho l tbnbs l hjhauhb oh plrtjeu`lr. O` Ebht$ltb Ubejl` os uhl bmrl "uo ostì ltrl#oslnl o jhspjrlnl pbr `l plsjõh pbr `l uhjnln no` euorpb sbejl`' "uo so !uhnl oh `l sbmorlhël lmsb`utl o jhnjsb`um`o no `l #b`uhtln aohorl`' !rohto l `l eul` nomoh sumbrnjhlrso `bs jhtorosos plrtjeu`lros' "uonlhnb ebhslarlnb o` ebheoptb no sbmorlhël pbpu`lr' mìsjeb oh `l nokberlejl' sjstokl "uo +bussolu o`jao poso l #j#jr oh uh kbkohtb nbhno hb oxjstël hj oh `bs goegbs hj oh `ls pl`lmrls. sjkjskb' jhtrbnueo o` ebheoptb no puom`b' puos sorì >`' "ujoh `b utj`j6lrì pbr prjkorl #o6' roseltlhnb l su #o6 o` no ejunlnlhb' "uo os l trl#>s no` eul`' jhtohtl lsoaurlr l elnl uhb' o` rosaulrnb no su jhnj#jnul`jnln.
Ebheopejbhos #o` Ostl#b #o Klujl!o``b, Gb''os < ]bussolu Nohtrb no `ls ebhsjahls no` prosohto trlmlb' so pjno gleor uh lhì`jsjs ebkplrltj#b' rospoetb no `ls ebheopejbhos no` Ostlnb' "uo sustohtlmlh Kl"ujl#o``b' (bmmos' +bussolu. Erob "uo' oh prjkor `ualr' elnl uhb no o``bs rospbhnjõ l su kbkohtb gjstõrjeb' "uo oh l`a8h sohtjnb' sbh os`lmbhos no uhl kjskl elnohl' "uo no `l jhtorleejõh' ebhtrlnjeejõh no sus pbsturls o jnols' !uo ohrj"uoej>hnbso o` pohslkjohtb guklhb oh su ebhuhtb. 0jh okmlrab' sj so nomo kohejbhlr oh prjkor `ualr "uo >` torkjhb Ostlnb hb lplroeo sjhb glstl o` sja`b G9' ostb os pbr"uo' hb os sjhb glstl `b "uo ``lklkbs Onln Kbnorhl' "uo osto ebheoptb' ln"ujoro #jaohejl' l "uo oh `b gjstõrjelkohto jhkonjltb lhtorjbr' b sol oh `l Onln Konjl' ebh o` !ounl`jskb' o` pbnor pb`ëtjeb norj#lml no `l prbpjonln no` suo`b' `bs pbnoros torrjtbrjl`os' so pbnëlh ebkprohnor l plrtjr no oxprosjbhos ebkb 1roahuk:C tjorrl no` roL b 1`lhn: CtjorrlL. Sltrjejb Eb`bkmb Kur8l=A njeo l` rospoetb5 -:sb`b eulh#b !l #o1jhj>h#bso uhl huo!l $ol`j#l# pb`?tjel ebh uh eoht$b uhjtl$jb #o pb#o$, jh#opoh#johto oh `b o7to$jb$ o jhto$jb$ ebheoht$lh#b oh uhl uhj#l# #o #b"jhlej(h `bs jhst$u"ohtbs #o pb#o$ o1oetj!b oh uh ì"'jtb to$$jtb$jl` #oto$"jhl#b, `l pl`l'$l Ostl#b os o"p`ol#l pl$l hb"jhl$ osl huo!l $ol`j#l# uo tjoho l#!ohj"johtb #u$lhto o` ]ohlej"johtb oh `ls eju#l#os$op/'`jels jtl`jlhls:. ' sjohnb `bs ro"ujsjtbs "uo ebh!jaurlh ostl uhjnln no nbkjhlejõh5 `l oxjstohejl no uh abmjorhb o!oetj#b' ebh uh sb`b o>rejtbC oh Jtl`jl elmrjl gleor `l sl`#onln no` !ohõkohb no `bs ebhnbttjorj=DL' uhl lnkjhjstrlejõh orlr"uj6lnl' uh brnoh urënjeb uhjtlrjb' ebh `l !uor6l hoeoslrjl plrl jkpbhor l sus s8mnjtbs o` nomor no bmonjohejl aohorl`. O` prjkor toõrjeb no ostl huo#l !brkl no uhjnln urënjel os )olh Mb#jh=@' "ujoh oh /-AF' `o lnunjel `ls !leu`tlnos no urënjels no `oajs`lr no u6alr' !leu`tlnos jhgorohtos l `l sbmorlhël' glej>hnb`l o"uj#l`ohto l` pbnor. Os oh su bmrl Njseu$sbs sb'$o `l N>el#l #o ^jtb @j!jb' nbhno Hjeb`ìs Kl"ujl#o``b' noslrrb``lrì su jnol no Ostlnb' oxproslhnb l``ë su ebh#jeejõh oh `l rop8m`jel ebkb kbnb jhsuporlm`o no bralhj6lejõh pb`ëtjel. O` Ostlnb kl"ujl#>`jeb os `ljeb' mlslnb oh o` lr"uotjpb rbklhb ebhstrujnb l plrtjr no `l rl6õh. Oh ostl bmrl' nosno uhl porspoetj#l gjstõrjel prbpbho ebkb plrlnjakl !uturb l` Ostlnb ropum`jelhb' noìhnbso #or oh o``l' su lnkjrlejõh ohtusjlskb pbr `l +op8m`jel rbklhl. Oh su `jmrb No` l$to #o `l +uo$$l 2' so puono `oor' ro!jrj>hnbso l `bs rbklhbs' b `bs lhtj+ubs' ebkb `os ``lklmlh5 -Uj !b`!o"bs `l !jstl l sus jhstjtuejbhos, ohebht$l$?l"bs "ue&ls ebsls uo hb so$?lh j"pbsj'`os #o jht$b#uej$ oh uhl sbejo#l# "o#jlhl"ohto slhl:@l ebstu"'$o #o &bh$l$ < p$o"jl$ `ls !j$tu#os, hb #osp$oejl$ `l pb'$o6l, ostj"l$ o` osp?$jtu < `ls hb$"ls #o `l #jsejp`jhl "j`jtl$, b'`j+l$ l `bs eju#l#lhbs l l"l$so `bs uhbs < `bs bt$bs, !j!j$ sjh 'lh#o$?ls, lp$oejl$ "ohbs `b pl$tjeu`l$ uo `b p/'`jeb:Jht$b#uej$`ls so$?l eb"b p`lhtl$ ì$'b`os, l eustbs5. Njeo o` gjstbrjlnbr Kl$eo` M$jbh oh su bmrl Klujl!o``b0 -o` &b"'$o l ujoh po$tohoeoh ostls pl`l'$ls o$l uh sb`#l#b uh elpjtìh #o 1b$tuhl, %l'$j6jb Eb`bhhl5 @l oseohl t$lhseu$$?l oh o` 9l$#?h #o Ebsj"b ]ueeo`lj, #bh#o osto 1`b$ohtjhb $jeb, &l'?l <5
jhtohtl#b le`j"ltl$ tb#ls `ls ospoejos #o ì$'b`os #o `ls uo t$ltl'lh `bs `j'$bs lhtj+ubs, `b uo `o !l`j( osto l`tj!b #oslj$o0 oh `u+l$ #o $osuejtl$ `l lhtj+o#l# oh `bs ì$'b`os, uo `l $osuejtlso oh `bs &b"'$os. Ostls pl`lmrls sbh plrto no `bs njì`babs no `l bmrl no Kl"ujl#o``b No` L$to #o `l +uo$$l' `l eul` os uh lhì`jsjs notl``lnb ro!`oxj#b' "uo `l eb`bel ohtro `bs kobros oserjtbs sbmro tìetjel ostrltoajl' leohtulhnb sjh okmlrab pbr sbmro tbnb `l m8s"uonl no `l pl6 o` mjohostlr sbejl` oebhõkjeb' `jmrb "uo !uo nonjelnb l uh jh!`uohto porsbhlo no `l pb`ëtjel !`brohtjhl' okplrohtlnb ebh `bs K>njejs' l "uo Kl"ujl#o``b' ostlml ebh#ohejnb no `l hoeosjnln "uo 7`brohejl ebhtlrl ebh su prbpjb o>rejtb' ebkb !brkl no alrlhtj6lr o` Ostlnb. ?bnls sus jnols ropum`jelhls' lnkjrlejõh pbr o` lr"uotjpb rbklhb' ebhtrlstlh ebh `l rol`jnln no su Jtl`jl nj#jnjnl' ``o#ìhnb`b l `l m8s"uonl no uh `ënor' uh S$?hejpo' "uo tbklrl oh sus klhbs `l klahl tlrol no `l uhj!jelejõh' m8s"uonl "uo glrì glstl o` !jh no sus nëls. Sbr osb' torkjhl lnserjmjohnb l` lmsb`utjskb' o` eul` os' oh >` lmsb`utlkohto ejreuhstlhejl`. Njeo Eb`bkmb Kur8l5 -O` l'sb`utjs"b #o Klujl!o``b os #o el$ìeto$ ebpbel' oh Jtl`jl' `bs Ostlnbs b `bs prjhejplnbs so 1ln"ujrëlh:' b so roejmëlh ebkb `oalnbs' tlkmj>h oh eulhtb l su bpjhjõh ebh rospoetb l `l ebhnjejõh no `bs gbkmros' no "ujohos lkmbs hb tjohoh uh muoh ebheoptb. 9b`#johnb l `ls ebheopejbhos no Ostlnb' sjh okmlrab' poso l `b oserjtb oh O` S$?hejpo' su jnol` orl sjh nunl' `l +op8m`jel' hb sb`lkohto' oserjmjrël sbmro o``b' sjh "uo plrtjejplrël letj#lkohto oh pb`ëtjel oh su 7`brohejl hltl`' pbr `l +op8m`jel' "uo `uoab elorël pbr `bs K>njejs. Ebh rospoetb l +bussolu' su #jsjõh no `bs gbkmros os tbtl`kohto bpuostl l `l no Kl"ujl#o``b l `l no (bmmos' glstl tjoho oh o``l uh nob no rbklhtjejskb' puos o` sbstjoho' "uo sbh muohbs pbr hlturl`o6l "uo os `l sbejonln' `l "uo `bs ebrrbkpo. ?l` #o6 oso rbklhtjejskb' os o` "uo orl hoeoslrjb' b !uo jhspjrlnbr plrl `b "uo !uo `uoab `l +o#b`uejõh 7rlheosl' "uo tbklrël sus jnols b 1mlhnorls: plrl ``o#lr`l lno`lhto. )l !uhnlkohtl` nj!orohejl' so nl oh eulhtb l `l tjtu`lrjnln no `l sbmorlhël' l "uo soa8h +bussolu' `l sbmorlhël rosjnjl oh o` puom`b' `b eul` `b nj!orohejl hbtbrjlkohto no (bmmos no Kl"ujl#o``b' l "ujohos pbnrëlkbs el`j!jelr no lmsb`utjstls' l "uo oh su #jsjõh' o` pbnor rosjnël oh o` sbmorlhb' ``ìkoso +o b Srëhejpo. +bussolu oh O` Ebht$ltb Ubejl` ' lsoaurl tlkmj>h `l jaul`nln no tbnbs `bs ejunlnlhbs' `l eul` uhtb l `l `jmortln so uhoh oh ostl sbejonln nokberìtjel "uo >` njsol' oh `l eul` `l `o os oxprosjõh no `l #b`uhtln aohorl`. Os l` kjskb tjokpb `l #b`uhtln no` sbmorlhb o` kjskb sbmorlhb oh `ls prbpjls pl`lmrls no +bussolu5 `b uo pjo$#o o` &b"'$o pb$ o` ebht$ltb sbejl` os su `j'o$tl# hltu$l` < uh #o$oe&b j`j"jtl#b l tb#b `b uo jhtohtl < puo#o l`elh6l$ `b uo +lhl oh >` "js"b os `l `j'o$tl# ej!j` < `l p$bpjo#l# l tb#b `b uo pbsoo5 555pb#$?l"bs lAl#j$ `l l#ujsjej(h #o` Ostl#b ej!j` < `l `j'o$tl# "b$l`, uo s(`b &leo l` &b"'$o !o$#l#o$l"ohto #uoAb #o sj pb$uo `l j"pu`sj(h #o` sb`b lpotjtb os ose`l!jtu#, < `l b'o#johejl l `l `o< uo so &l p$ose$jtb uhb ls? "js"b os `j'o$tl#5 )bs elrletorëstjels no `l sbmorlhël pbpu`lr sbh5 os jhl`johlm`o5 jkp`jel "uo hb puono no`oalrso oh roprosohtlhtos' ebh `b "uo `l nokberlejl roprosohtltj#l os roegl6lnlM os jhnj#jsjm`o5 hb so lnkjto `l tobrël no `l nj#jsjõh no pbnorosM os jh!l`jm`o5 `l #b`uhtln aohorl` os sjokpro roetl tjohno l `l utj`jnln p8m`jelM os lmsb`utl5 o` pletb sbejl` ebh!joro l` euorpb pb`ëtjeb uh pbnor lmsb`utb sbmro `bs subs.
Lpb$tos #o Kbhtosujou < ]bussolu l `l Sb`?tjel <>
Eglr`os,)bujs no Kbhtos"ujou C/FD@,/A--L' oserjtbr urjstl !rlhe>s hlejnb oh o` elstj``b no )l %rUno ebhbejnb uhj#orsl`kohto pbr sus Elrtls porsls O` ospërjtu no `ls `oos. Ostunjõ oh `l Oseuo`l no rltbrjl no 2uj`` pbstorjbrkohto oh %urnobs. Oh /A/& so ebh#jrtjõ oh ebhsoorb no` Slr`lkohtb no %urnobs' no` "uo !uo prosjnohto ohtro /A/F /A=D. Kbhtos"ujou nostleõ pbr prjkorl #o6 ebkb oserjtbr ebh sus El$tls po$sls ;3=35 Oh ostl bmrl' konjlhto o` roeursb no `l ro`lejõh opjstb`lr ohtro nbs lrjstõerltls porsls no #jlo pbr Ourbpl' Kbhtos"ujou gleo uhl sìtjrl no `bs pb`ëtjebs !rlheosos no su tjokpb' lsë ebkb no `ls ebhnjejbhos sbejl`os' `bs lsuhtbs oe`osjìstjebs `l `jtorlturl no `l >pbel. O` `jmrb ln"ujrjõ rìpjnlkohto uhl ohbrko pbpu`lrjnln. 7uo uhl no `ls prjkorls bmrls no `l J`ustrlejõh' "uo' ebh su erëtjel l `ls jhstjtuejbhos !rlheosls nurlhto `l kbhlr"uël no `l Elsl no %brmõh' l lhuhejlml o` aorkoh no `l +o#b`uejõh 7rlheosl. )l !lkl "uo ln"ujrjõ Kbhtos"ujou ebh >stl `o lmrjõ `ls puortls no `l elnokjl 7rlheosl oh /A=D. 0u soauhnl bmrl sbmrosl`johto !uo Ebhsj#o$lejbhos sb'$o `ls elusls #o `l +$lh#o6l < #oel#ohejl #o `bs $b"lhbs ;38L' uhl no `ls prjkorls bmrls jkpbrtlhtos oh `l 7j`bsb!ël no `l gjstbrjl. Sorb su bmrl klostrl os O` osp?$jtu #o `ls `oh "uo nomo nlrso uhl soplrlejõh uh o"uj`jmrjb ohtro `bs njstjhtbs pbnoros l !jh no alrlhtj6lr `bs noroegbs `ls `jmortlnos jhnj#jnul`os. `b `lrab no tbnl )ltjhblk>rjel' `bs toxtbs no Kbhtos"ujou so `oëlh ebh ohtusjlskb l prjhejpjbs no` sja`b GJG. Oh o` +ëb no `l S`ltl' pbr ookp`b' tlhtb o` porjõnjeb 0oklhlrjb no arjeu`turl C/D3=L ebkb o` Ebrrob no Ebkorejb C/D/3' njrjajnb pbr Klhuo` %o`arlhbL orlh konjbs no nj!usjõh no `ls jnols no Kbhtos"ujou no +bussolu' !uorbh o` !orkohtb no `b "uo `uoab sorël `l +o#b`uejõh no Klb no /D/3' jhjejb no `l oklhejplejõh no k>rjel )ltjhl. Ebh lhtorjbrjnln l osl !oegl `bs `jmrbs no Kbhtos"ujou orlh `oënbs oh soerotb l osebhnjnls' luh"uo sus soaujnbros hb nunlrbh oh gleor p8m`jeb su !urbr pbr `bs prjhejpjbs no `bs !jsjõerltls `bs `jmroelkmjstls. Oh O` osp?$jtu #o `ls `o ebhnjejbhos' eõkb ostls `oos ebhtrjmuoh l !brklr uhl lnoeulnl ebkuhjnln pb`ëtjel. Oh rol`jnln' `l bmrl pbsoo nbs hj#o`os nj!orohejlnbs5 o` lhì`jsjs no `b "uo sbh `ls `oos `l noserjpejõh no `b "uo nomoh sor plrl pbnor !brklr uhl lnoeulnl ebkuhjnln pb`ëtjel. 2uhtb l ostb' o` lutbr prbpusb nj!orohtos ookp`bs kbstrõ uhl lmuhnlhto orunjejõh plrl oxproslr eõkb so glh ebhstjtujnb `ls `oos oh elnl plës eõkb njegl ebhstjtuejõh nopohno no `ls ebhnjejbhos hlturl`os sbejl`os' "uo gleoh no elnl plës uhl ebkuhjnln prbpjl. Sorb' l` kjskb tjokpb' tlkmj>h lpbrtõ huo#ls jnols plrl o` ostlm`oejkjohtb no uh r>ajkoh pb`ëtjeb nj!orohto' elrletorj6lnb pbr `l nj#jsjõh b soplrlejõh no pbnoros pb`ëtjebs pbr uhl huo#l ebhsjnorlejõh no` pbnor rol`. O` osp?$jtu #o `ls `oajkoh "uo `o gj6b e>`omro. sjkjskb' Kbhtos"ujou jhsjstël oh `l hoeosjnln no "uo o` `oajs`lnbr o`lmbrlrl `ls `oos no tl` kbnb "uo ebkmjhlrl nbs o`okohtbs !uhnlkohtl`os5 `l hoeosjnln hlturl` o` elrìetor no `l hlturl`o6l no `ls ebsls' `l bm`jalejõh no l`elh6lr `l !o`jejnln no `l klbrël no `bs ejunlnlhbs C"uo ebhsjnorlml uhl !jhl`jnln hoeoslrjl no tbnb sjstokl `oal` no tbnl !brkl no abmjorhbL. Sbstorjbrkohto ostunjl `l ro`lejõh oxjstohto ohtro `ls `oos no uh plës sus ebhnjejbhos hlturl`os Ctl`os ebkb o` e`jkl b su elrìetor aobarì!jebL' osmb6lhnb jhtoroslhtos lhì`jsjs ebkohtlrjbs sbmro `bs plësos ourbpobs no su
tjokpb' prosohtlhnb' l su ohtohnor `l ro`lejõh oxjstohto ohtro `ls ebstukmros no uh plës sus `oos' nostlelhnb `l jh!`uohejl no `ls eroohejls ro`jajbsls' `ls ebstukmros' o` ebkorejb o` lrto' ohtro btrbs lspoetbs' sbmro `l !brklejõh no `ls `oos l!jrklhnb su ebh#ohejkjohtb no "uo `ls `oos #lrëlh l `b `lrab no `l gjstbrjl puonoh sor kbnj!jelnls plrl lnoeulrso l `bs elkmjbs no ebstukmros. 7jhl`kohto' so lmbel l` lhl`jsjs no `bs rlsabs no `ls lhtjauls `oos rbklhls !ounl`os' prostlhnb uhl ospoejl` ltohejõh l` noslrrb``b no `ls `oos !rlheosls. O` osp?$jtu #o `ls @os no `ls ebstukmros. No l``ë "uo sol hoeoslrjb uh lhl`ësjs kjhuejbsb oxtohsb no >stls plrl pbnor o`oajr `ls kobros `oos roau`lr no `l klhorl kìs ebh!brko ebh l` hlturl`o6l hoeosjnlnos no `bs gbkmros' `ls `oos l `ls "uo bmonoeoh. Erob "uo `bs prjhejpl`os lpbrtos no Kbhtos"ujou Csbmro tbnb >`L +bussolu so ro!joroh l `l prjklrjl ebh!jaurlejõh no` sjstokl pb`ëtjeb no uh Ostlnb' sohtlhnb `ls mlsos no `b "uo os huostrb letul` brnohlkjohtb urënjeb' b plrl sor kìs proejsbs o` brnohlkjohtb urënjeb no `ls sbejonlnos beejnohtl`os oh su ebhuhtb. Os ku jkpbrtlhto rosl`tlr `l jh!`uohejl no Kbhtos"ujou sbmro `bs oheje`bponjstls ro#b`uejbhlrjbs' por!j`ìhnbso `ls nbs njroeejbhos "uo osl jh!`uohejl tohnrì5 `l jhto`oetul` oh aohorl` `l pb`ëtjel oh ebherotb. O` elsb no Kbhtos"ujou hb os o` no +bussolu' l "uo oh osto 8`tjkb' lpohls sj so puonoh nj!orohejlr nbhno ebkjoh6l nbhno torkjhl `l ro!`oxjõh "uo hb ostì ebhnjejbhlnl pbr `ls eltoabrëls pb`ëtjels. Elmor roebrnlr "uo O` Ebht$ltb Ubejl` jhspjrlrì l `bs ro#b`uejbhlrjbs !rlheosos oh /AD@ l `l ebkuhl no /DA3. Jhspjrõ tlkmj>h l 2o!!orsbh C/D=FL' lutbr no `l Noe`lrlejõh no Jhnopohnohejl no `bs Ostlnbs rjel. Oh Kbhtos"ujou' oh elkmjb' `bs prbm`okls pb`ëtjebs sbh sus prbm`okls !uhnlkohtl`os oh o` ebhuhtb no `l arlh lr"ujtoeturl no `ls `oos' no >` so tbklrìh `bs os"uokls !brkl`os no `l bralhj6lejõh pb`ëtjel no +bussolu' su rbklhtjejskb `jmortlrjb' "uo uhjnbs nj!uhnjnbs l trl#>s no nj!orohtos konjbs' sorël o` el`nb no eu`tj#b b !uhnlkohtlejõh no `ls ro#b`uejbhos "uo so prbnuorbh oh `l k>rjel gjsplhl.
Ebhe`usjbhos )l ejohejl pb`ëtjel kbnorhl so gl beuplnb prjhejpl`kohto no `ls jnols oxproslnls pbr `bs pohslnbros !j`õsb!bs pb`ëtjebs' hb sõ`b leorel no` !uhejbhlkjohtb no `l pb`ëtjel sjhb sbmro eõkb nomorël !uhejbhlr. O``bs glh lhl`j6lnb `l hlturl`o6l `l ustj!jelejõh no `l lutbrjnln o` nomor pb`ëtjebs no sus !jhos luh"uo sus ebhe`usjbhos b pbstu`lnbs glh sjnb njsëkj`os ebhtrlnjetbrjbs' b pbnrëlh el`j!jelrso gb no utõpjebs oh l`auhbs elsbs' glh tohjnb oh ebk8h `l plsjõh o` ebh#ohejkjohtb hoeoslrjb plrl no!ohnor`ls hb sõ`b oh sus oserjtbs' sjhb "uo kuegbs no o``bs' glh lebkpllnb `l tobrël ebh `l prlxjs pb`ëtjel' l`ab "uo jhe`usb `os gl #l`jnb porsoeuejbhos oxj`jbs. ?l` #o6 o` nohbkjhlnbr ebk8h oh o``bs sol o` nomor no` pohslnbr b !j`õsb!b pb`ëtjeb no pbsjejbhlrso oh `b "uo os' plrl l`elh6lr b prbpbhor `b "uo nomorël sor' ohtro `l sjtulejõh pb`ëtjel no su tjokpb' l"uo``l "uo pbnrël sor suporlnbrl' oh !uhejõh no sus jnol`os' sus plrtjeu`lros #jsjbhos no `l bralhj6lejõh pb`ëtjel' b no` Ostlnb. ^uj6ìs puonl oselplr oh l`ab l ostl aohorl`j6lejõh o` elsb no Kl"ujl#o``b' l "uo su tobrël pb`ëtjel' ebkb l gokbs #jstb' so `jkjtlml l `l rol`jnln ebherotl' prbnuetb no su oxporjohejl b prlxjs' noshunlhnb `bs ebkpbrtlkjohtbs pb`ëtjebs ebherotbs' nolhnb no `lnb oh l`auhbs elsbs o` ujejb kbrl`' "uo o``bs `o koroejorlh' lhl`j6lhnb no !brkl ebherotl `ls sjtulejbhos o!oetulhnb roebkohnlejbhos l l"uo``bs abmjorhbs "uo jhtohtlh ebhsor#lr o` pbnor. )b ejortb os "uo `b `lrab no` tjokpb' o` jhtor>s osohejl` no ostbs pohslnbros gl ajrlnb oh tbrhb l `l bralhj6lejõh no `l sbejonln ej#j`' oh tbrhb l `ls tobrëls no` Ostlnb. Jhjejl`kohto S`ltõh o!oetuõ uhl arlh ebhtrjmuejõh oh njroeejõh l oso jhtor>s ebh sus njì`babs no su bmrl @l ]op/'`jel' bmrl oh `l eul` pbhël oh uh prjkor p`lhb `l tobrël kbrl` ebh rospoetb l `l prìetjel pb`ëtjel. Sbr su plrto' L$jst(to`os' l "ujoh lp`jel pbr prjkorl #o6 uh k>tbnb ejohtë!jeb l `l tobrël pb`ëtjel' rol`j6lhnb oh su bmrl Sb`?tjel hb sb`lkohto uhl e`lsj!jelejõh no `bs njstjhtbs tjpbs abmjorhb Ckbhlr"uëls' lrjstberlejls nokberlejlsL' sjhb "uo noslrrb``õ `b "uo so pbnrël ``lklr uhl jh#ostjalejõh okpërjel ebh uh lhì`jsjs erëtjeb' <6
b!roejohnb uh kbno`b plrl `bs ostunjbs pb`ëtjebs. Hb elmo nunl' "uo `bs pohslkjohtbs tobrëls !j`bsõ!jels glh tohjnb uhl #jheu`lejõh njroetl ebh `ls sjtulejbhos gjstõrjels ebherotls' sus prbm`okìtjels sbejl`os pb`ëtjels. Ostb rosu`tl ku o#jnohto oh o` elsb no ?gbkls (bmmos' l "uo `l rol`jnln "uo #j#ël jh!`uõ oh `l oh!ltj6lejõh no` pbnor no` ;bmjorhb oh o` Ostlnb l plrtjr no su bmrl kìs jkpbrtlhto' @o!jltìh' oh `l eul` prbpuahl pbr uh sbmorlhb ebh pbnor j`jkjtlnb nlnb "uo o` Ostlnb so brjajhl oh o` ``lklnb ebhtrltb sbejl`' oh o` eul` `bs jhnj#jnubs leoptlh uh pbnor suporjbr plrl prbtoaorso no sus prbpjbs jhstjhtbs lhjkl`os plrl pbnor sltjs!leor ejortbs nosobs guklhbs. )b&h @be*o' rotbkl arlh plrto no ostl tobrël no` ebhtrltb sbejl` no (bmmos' porb sbstohjohnb "uo `l sbmorlhël rosjno oh o` puom`b. )bs abmorhlhtos sbh sb`b lnkjhjstrlnbros no ostl sbmorlhël' puonoh sor norrbelnbs `oaëtjklkohto sj hb eukp`oh ebh su plrto oh oso ebhtrltb sbejl`. )bs jnol`os nokberìtjebs ropum`jelhbs so #jorbh ro!br6lnbs ebh `bs lpbrtos no Kbhtosujou no )olh)leuos ]bussolu' no jnols sjkj`lros l `ls no @be*o "uo sbh ebkb l so njb lhtorjbrkohto' proeursbrls no` letul` brnohlkjohtb urënjeb no `ls sbejonlnos nokberìtjels beejnohtl`os. 0bejonlnos nokberìtjels' "uo l8h tjohoh `l bpbrtuhjnln no gbhrlr su nohbkjhlejõh' gleor rol`jnln `bs jnolrjbs pbstu`lnbs no ostbs arlhnos gbkmros. )le*os Kl$jtljh3 oh su `jmrb 1Erjstjlhjskb Nokberlejl: C/@&=L' oserjtb eulhnb su plës ostlml beuplnb pbr `bs l`oklhos' noeël5 -:`l j+ul`#l# #o'o $ostl'`oeo$so oh uh hj!o` "ìs o`o!l#b, < 1$uetj1jel$ oh `l pbsj'j`j#l#, pl$l tb#bs, #o toho$ leeosb l uhl !j#l #j+hl #o` &b"'$o, oh o` +beo, lso+u$lh#b l tb#bs #o `bs 'johos o`o"ohtl`os, "lto$jl`os < ospj$jtul`os, #o uhl !j#l tl`, < oh `l $ol` pl$tjejplej(h #o el#l uhb, so+/h sus elplej#l#os < sus "o$oej"johtbs:. ^uo lsë sol4 nopohno no tbnbs.
H?0
Klrsj`jb 7jejhb C/&$$,/&@@L Fj`õsbfb y toõ`bab jtl`jlhb sus trlnu!!jbhos sb"ro `ls b"rls no S`ltõh !bhtrj"uyorbh l rol!tul`j#lr o` $`ltbhjs%b nurlhto o` &ohl!j%johtb' Ebsjkb no Kênjejs `o roal`õ uhl (j``l oh `ls lfuorls no F`broh!jl nbhno fuhnõ `l Lelnokjl S`ltõhjel' rls sor brnohlnb sl!ornbto oh <>15 Fj!jhb ``oaõ l sor !lhõhjab no `l !ltonrl` no F`broh!jl' Sbstorjbr%ohto trlnu*b tl%"j+h b"rls no btrbs os!rjtbros hob$`ltõhj!bs' ,oa-h Fj!jhb `l rl#õh $`ltõhj!l %bstrl"l uhl tob`ba.l !bh !ohtrb oh `l jh%brtl`jnln no` l`%l' ,u b"rl ^gob`bajel S`ltõhjel (<>7=) ostunjb sb"ro `l jh%brtl`jnln no` l`%l /u%lhl %uostrl o` arlh !bhb!j%johtb uo Fj!jhb toh.l no `l b"rl no slhtb b%s no Lujhb. <
Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl Ohee`b!onjl ""# Oheje`b!onjl ^ok$tjel %lrb&sso ^ '' !.""<# jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= !. =# *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Ohelrtl Kjerbsbft =,,-.
;jb#lhhj Sjeeb no``l Kjrìhnb`l Fj`õsbfb jtl`jlhb' stunjõ oh b`bhjl Forrlrl y Slnul' &osjnjõ oh Slr.s y &b%l y nosno <>77 so l!bajõ l `l $rbto!!jõh no `bs K+nj!js' Fuo %lostrb oh `l L!lno%jl F`brohtjhl' runjtb otrlbrnjhlrjb orl uh arlh !bhb!onbr no `l lhtjaonln ostunjõ rl"o y /o"rob y so jhj!jõ lsj%js%b oh `l !"l`l' Fuo oho%jab no `l %lajl y `l lstrb`ba.l' l%"j+h lns!rj$tb l` hob$`ltbhjs%b rohl!ohtjstl oh su `j"rb jse&rsb sb+ro `l njahjnln no` gbk+ro <>76) $`lhtol uo o` /b%"ro os `j"ortln no lutbnotor%jhl!jõh oh `l os!l`l no` sor y `j"ortln tl%"j+h $lrl trls!ohnor `l hlturl`o#l /lstl jbs y l` %js%b tjo%$b os `l !rjlturl uo $uono ``o(lr l` %uhnb l su !b%$`otjtun %onjlhto o` !bhb!j%johtb y `l %lhj$u`l!jõh no sus fuor#ls' l "j"`jbto!l no Sj!b fuo uhl no `ls %s j%$brtlhtos y a`b"l`os no su +$b!l' 9b%"ro l!lunl`lnb no!jnjõ !bh o` tjo%$b nos/l!orso no tbnls sus $bsosjbhos y !bh(ortjrso oh uh $ronj!lnbr orrlhto $orb %urjõ lhtos no $bnor ``o(lr l !l"b su $rbyo!tb' ` l4b lhtorjbr l su %uorto o` $l$l L`o*lhnrb 0; `o l"sb`(jõ no !ul`ujor j%$utl!jõh no /oro*.l' Kjerbsbft Oheje`b!onjl K&`tjkonjl =
/l`3lt# jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= ! # *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,-
+oh> Noselrtos C/-@F,/F-3L' fj`õsbfb !joht.fj!b y %lto%tj!b frlh!+s' 8l!jnb o` 5< no %lr#b no <) *j+`jbtoel K&`tjkonjl $
/l`3lt# *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,-
%beeleejb' ;jb#lhhj C/$/$,/$A-L s!rjtbr jtl`jlhb y /u%lhjstl uhb no `bs %s arlhnos lutbros no tbnbs `bs tjo%$bs rotbrhlnb l F`broh!jl oh <5>3 noslrrb``õ nj(orsbs sor(j!jbs nj$`b%tj!bs $lrl o` ab"jorhb no `l !junln' ,u b"rl %s j%$brtlhto fuo sjh nunls N '` oelkorbho btrbs trl"l*bs suybs fuorbhE %5lkbrbsl jlkkottl? J` fj`bstrltb y ^osojnl. Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl Ohee`b!onjl "". jstbrjl &
6hj3orsl` no `l %jtorlt&rl !.1
Sotrlrel' 7rlheoseb C/$3&,/$A&L Sbotl y /u%lhjstl jtl`jlhb !bhsjnorlnb o` $rj%or $botl %bnorhb' l $orfo!!jõh no `l fbr%l no sus sbhotbs jhf`uoh!jõ fuorto%ohto l lutbros jha`osos !b%b Oobfroy C/lu!or j``jl% ,/lAos$olro y n%uhn ,$oh!or' Sbso.l uhl $rbfuhnl !rooh!jl oh o` rb` no uhl ;tl`jl uhjnl y `l /oroh!jl !u`turl` no` ;%$orjb &b%lhb' Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl Ohe`b!onjl "" F ;jbttb' nj %bhnbho C/=FA,/$$AL ` %s j%$brtlhto $jhtbr jtl`jlhb no` sja`b G;0' &ohb(lnbr no `l $jhturl %onjo(l` l` l$brtlr`o !lrl!tor.stj!ls uo `l !bh(jortoh oh uh $ro`unjb no` &ohl!j%johtb' ,us ?
<1
fros!bs y b"rls $j!tõrj!ls sbh osoh!jl`%ohto ro`jajbsls /l"johnb $rbyo!tlnb o` !l%$lhj`o no `l Cltonrl` no F`broh!jl' rlh Oheje`b!onjl /l`3lt ^.= !." A Ebsjkb no K>njejs C/$D@,/&F&L `l%lnb Ebsjkb o` :jo9b' Fjhlh!jstl y /b%"ro no ostlnb' J"`jalnb l oj`jlrso oh <>5> tb%õ o` ab"jorhb no F`broh!jl !bh lyunl no` $uo"`b' Lsoaurõ su $bsj!jõh no$brtlhnb l l`auhbs no sus oho%jabs y lrrujhlhnb l btrbs !bh j%$uostbs' urlhto su %lhnltb l!tuõ !b%b %o!ohls fuhnõ `l L!lno%jl 8ob$`ltõhj!l y trlhsfbr%õ l F`broh!jl oh `l !l$jtl` no` /u%lhjs%b' Klhnõ !bhstrujr o` Sl`l!jb no `bs K+nj!js ls. !b%b `l j"`jbto!l no ,lh Klr!b y `l ;a`osjl no ,lh broh#b' Oheje`b!onjl E`lr4h ^.<1# Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl Ohee`b!onjl ""
Klreo` %rjbh C/D@-,/@D&L Lutbr no fl%l jhtorhl!jbhl` os!rj"jõ %s no (ojhto "jbarlf.ls ohtro `ls uo sb"rosl`oh `ls no %-sj!bs y lrtjstls fuo hb%"rlnb %jo%"rb no `l L!lno%jl Frlh!osl oh <:6>' htro o``ls fjaurl Kl0&jl3o``b os!rjtl oh <:>7 $br o` /jstbrjlnbr frlh!+s Klr!o` rjbh oh `l !ul` $`ls%l y lhl`j#l `l F`broh!jl no` &ohl!j%johtb y nos!rj"o l Klujl(o``b !b%b uh N/b%"ro aohjl` `-!jnb !urjbsb y no os!lhnl`bsl njs!ro!jõhI @ Kl"ujl#o``b J"rl no Klr!o` rjbh Cl$.tu`b Dhb bs $bnoros no` jhorb $' =? /3 E>slr %brajl C/&AF,/-3AL ,b`nlnb $b`.tj!b y o!`osjstj!b jtl`jlhb hl!jnb oh &b%l /j*b j`oa.tj%b no &bnrjab brajl $bstorjbr%ohto hb%"rlnb Sl$l !b%b L`o*lhnrb 0;' ` l4b lhtos no `l o`o!!jõh no su $lnro !b%b Sl$l y tohjohnb <7 l4bs fuo nosjahlnb Clrnohl` &$jnl%ohto so /j#b fl%bsb $br su !bhnu!tl `j!oh!jbsl y to%$orl%ohtb (jb`ohtb /l"johnb sjnb sbs$o!/lnb no !b%$`j!jnln oh o` lsosjhltb no su /or%lhb Mulh uuo no oho(ohtb y Olhnjl' h labstb no <>:7 nosjstjõ no su !lrnohl`ltb y !b%oh#õ o` !l%jhb uo `b ``o(lr.l l !bhujstlr `l &b%lahl $lrl `bs stlnbs Sl$l`os !bhujstl uo `uoab fuo otohnjohnb' Cb%b %u!/bs no sus !bhto%$brhobs C+slr brajl orl jhos!ru$u`bsb trlj!jbhorb y !ruo` !bh sus rj(l`os $b`.tj!bs' rl o` $rbtbtj$b no `l lstu!jl $b`.tj!l rotrltlnl oh ` Sr.h!j$o $br Klujl(o``b' ;Kl0&jl3o``bno Klreo` *rjbh# Oheje`b!onjl E`lr4h ^bkb > // -j$t/. oh o` brjajhl`' Klujl(o``b ohtjohno ostl $l`l"rl oh sohtjnb no ohora.l jhtorhl no` /b%"ro b no !l$l!jnln `l !ul` $bn.l (oh!or l `l suorto (fbrt&hl). /= 7rlhejs %lebh' mlrõh no 9oru`lk C/-F/,/F=FL' fj`õsbfb y ostlnjstl jha`+s uhb no `bs $jbhorbs no` $ohsl%johtb !joht.fj!b %bnorhb' bs os!rjtbs no l!bh so oha`b"lh oh tros !ltoabr.lsE fj`bsõfj!l `jtorlrjl y $b`.tj!l' ,us %o*bros b"rls fj`bsõfj!ls sbh O` l3lheo no` ebhbejkjohtb <63?) uh lh`jsjs oh jha`+s sb"ro `l !bh!joh!jl no su $rb$jb tjo%$b y 8b3&k 2ralh&k b 'hnjelejbhos ro`ltj3ls l `l jhtor!rotlejõh no `l hlt&rl`oCl <6=3)' Oheje`b!onjl E`lr4h ^bkb # *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,, -. /$ Eursb no Noroegb Sb`ëtjeb Sltrj!jb Cb`b%"b Kur-l2 8l!j%johtb y oslrrb``b no` stlnb Kbnorhb $' =?5 njtbrjl` Dhj(orsjtlrjl /& ?bkls (bmmos C/-DD,/FA@L Fj`õsbfb jha`+s' nu!lnb oh Jfbrn l%jab y ln%jrlnbr no l!bh so njstjhaujõ $br uhl sõ`jnl fbr%l!jõh /u%lh.stj!l y $br su arlh orunj!jõh !joht.fj!l' h (jl*os uo rol`j#õ ostu(b oh !bhtl!tb !bh `ls arlhnos fjaurls no `l N!joh!jl huo(lIE Korssoho Olssohnj os!lrtos y Ol`j`ob' J"rlsE jtt`o roltjso <651) `o%ohts bf l@ <6>3) `o%ohtl $/y`bs$/jloE ;' o Cbr$bro <6??) ;;' o 9b%jho <6?7) ;;;' o Cj(o <6>=) o(jlth <6?<) Jh `j"orty lhn ho!ossjty <6?>)' uoab $u"`j!lr.l l-h l`auhls $ouo4ls b"rls hl!jnls %u!/ls no o``ls no njs$utls !bh sus !bhto%$brhobs `l b"rl %s j%$brtlhto no ostl +$b!l os *ogokbtt? sb"ro `ls auorrls !j(j`os jha`osls uo fuo $rb/j"jnl $br o` $rb$jb roy' l $+rnjnl no` l$byb rol` su$usb uh jh!ro%ohtb no `ls !r.tj!ls l su b"rl' Luhuo sjaujõ $u"`j!lhnb jh!`usb uhl $ouo4l b"rl l `l onln no :3 l4bsE o!l%orbh S/ysjb`baj!u%' jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= !. ==1# Oheje`b!onjl K&`tjkonjl /l`3lt. Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl D
Ohee`b!onjl ""
Oseuo`l no Slnul s!uo`l fj`bsõfj!l uo !b%"jhl"l o` lrjstbto`js%b !bh o` l(orrb.s%b sjsto%l b nb!trjhl no L(orrbos hl!jnb oh Cõrnb"l y %uortb oh Klrruo!bs os !bhsjnorlnb o` %s j%$brtlhto fj`õsbfb rl"o' Fuo lno%s %+nj!b l"balnb %lto%tj!b y $b`.tj!b y nurlhto l`a-h tjo%$b ostu(b l` sor(j!jb no` Cl`jfl no Klrruo!bs l!uslnb no /oro*.l fuo no$brtlnb' ;htohtl !bh!j`jlr `l fj`bsbf.l y `l ro`jajõhE `l ro(o`l!jõh os uh !l%jhb l!!osj"`o l `l %lybr.l l` tjo%$b uo `l fj`bsbf.l os btrl (.l rosor(lnl l `bs sl"jbs' stl !bh!o$!jõh sor o` fuhnl%ohtb no `l tobr.l no `l nb"`o (ornln' Oheje`b!onjl /-
K&`tjkonjl /l`3lt
(lr#o j``jlksC/-AD,/F-AL Konj!b lhltb%jstl jha`+s' stunjõ oh Cl%"rjnao y Slnul y ``oaõ l sor !ltonrtj!b oh bhnros y %+nj!b n o` bs royos Ml!b"b ; y Clr`bs ;' L trl(+s no $l!johtos o$orj%ohtbs ``oaõ l $ro!jslr o` fuh!jbhl%johtb no` sjsto%l !jr!u`ltbrjb su$orlhnb `ls tobr.ls al`+hj!ls sb"ro o` to%l trl"l*lhnb tl%"j+h oh o%"rjb`ba.l y b"stotrj!jl' Oheje`b!onjl K&`tjkonjl /l`3lt# /A 2bgh j``jlks C/F/F,/A3$L Klto%tj!b "rjthj!b' stunjõ oh Cl%"rjnao y ro!j"jõ `ls õrnohos !`orj!l`os' ,u b"rl %s j%$brtlhto os Lrjtgkêtjel 'hfjhbtbr&k <6??) oh ostl b"rl oh `l uo jhtrbnu*b o` s.%"b`b no` jhfjhjtb $lrl ro$rosohtlr o` jhfjhjtb l$lro!o su fõr%u`l $lrl o` !`!u`b no` !j oh fbr%l no !b!johto no nbs $rbnu!tbs jhfjhjtbs' l%"j+h ostunjõ `bs !ohtrbs no arl(onln y os!rj"jõ uh trltlnb sb"ro `ls !õhj!ls' Oheje`b!onjl K&`tjkonjl /l`3lt /D )o#jltìh +r%jhb utj`j#lnb oh njstjhtbs `j"rbs no `l j"`jl $lrl roforjrso l uh %bhstrub ohbr%o y os!l%bsb' bs os$o!jl`jstls "."`j!bs suo`oh !bjh!jnjr oh l$`j!lr`b l` !b!bnrj`b sl`(b oh ,l`%bs ,l`' <3> =6) y Mb" >< <27) nbhno lnujoro `l l!o$!jõh no N"l``ohlI b Nno`f.hI yl uo oh ostbs !lsbs so nj!o uo o` lhj%l` os uhl "ostjl %lrjhl' h ;sl.ls ;s' =1<) os nos!rjtb !b%b Nsor$johto tbrtubslI' l%"j+h oh o` soauhnb no `bs l$õ!rjfbs `j"rbs no snrls = sn' 6>:2?=) so `b %oh!jbhl' h!j!`b$onjl C`lr.h b%b
jstbrjl no` !ohslkjohtb ^bkb =? !.==7
1)o#jltìh4: Cl$.tu`b G0;; No `ls !lusls aohorl!jõh y nofjhj!jõh no uhl ro$-"`j!lI S' <66 2bglhhos `tgusjus b `tusjb C/--A,/F$DL' $ohslnbr y *urjstl l`o%h' Mb/lhhos L`t/lus su (ornlnorb hb%"ro hl!jõ oh jonohs/lusoh y $rbfosõ nosno *b(oh `l fo !l`(jhjstl' stunjõ oro!/b oh Cb`bhjl y lsj`ol y oh <63= fuo hb%"rlnb $rbfosbr no `ls uhj(orsjnlnos no 9or"brh y ,joaoh' h <635 /@ =3
<7
$u"`j!õ su $rjh!j$l` b"rl Sb`jtj!l Kot/bnj!o jaostl Lh`jsjs sjsto%tj!b no `l $b`.tj!l) oh `l !ul` o$bh.l `l jnol yl $rosohto oh o` $ohsl%johtb no Molh bnjh) no uo o` stlnb os uh õralhb fonorltj(b !b%$uostb no !uor$bs %ohbros `l fl%j`jl `ls !br$brl!jbhos o!bhõ%j!ls `ls !junlnos y `ls $rb(jh!jls)' 8b b"stlhto y oh !bhtrl no `ls tosjs l"sb`utjstls $rb$uahlnls $br bnjh L`t/usjus nofohn.l sb"ro "lsos !bhtrl!tul`os o` $rjh!j$jb no `l sb"orlh.l $b$u`lr y o` noro!/b no `bs %lajstrlnbs o`o!tj(bs l rosjstjr l` tjrlhb b l !ul`ujor btrb uo jhtohtlrl l"b`jr `ls `oyos fuhnl%ohtl`os no` stlnb' jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^bkb = *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,- =/ (uab ;rbejb C/-D$,/F&-) *urjstl ostlnjstl %lto%tj!b orunjtb y /u%lhjstl /b`lhn+s' ,us os!rjtbs *ur.nj!bs sohtlrbh `ls "lsos no` oro!/b jhtorhl!jbhl` %bnorhb $orb tl%"j+h fuo lutbr no (b`u%jhbsbs trl"l*bs tob`õaj!bs $b+tj!bs /jstõrj!bs y trlnu*b l `bs !`sj!bs' (uja #lh ;rbbt fuo su (ornlnorb hb%"ro hl!jõ o` <3 no l"rj` no !lrab uo noso%$o4õ /lstl <6>>' h uhb no sus (jl*os l ,uo!jl oh <6>? su "lr!b hlufrlaõ lhto `ls !bstls no Sb%orlhjl' Kurjõ nbs n.ls nos$u+s o` =7 no labstb oh `l /by !junln l`o%lhl no &bstb!A l !lusl no `ls /orjnls sufrjnls oh o` hlufrlajb' Oheje`b!onjl E`lr4h ^bkb <=# jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= !.===
htgbh sg`o Ebbpor' prjkor ebhno no 0gl!tosmur <6=<2<675) $b`.tj!b jha`+s oh uh $rj%or %b%ohtb $lrtjnlrjb y nos$u+s ln(orslrjb no` roy Clr`bs ;;' 8l!jnb o` == no *u`jb no <6=< oh j%"brho ,t Oj`os oh brsot' L!tuõ oh o` Slr`l%ohtb Cbrtb oh <6>3 rotjrõ su l$byb $b`.tj!b l Clr`bs ; y l `bs %bhruj!bs l` ostl``lr `l Ouorrl Cj(j` jha`osl y so uhjõ l `bs $lr`l%ohtlrjbs oh <6>>' h <6?5 fuo hb%"rlnb %jo%"rb no` nohb%jhlnb Slr`l%ohtb no lro"bhos' Orlh nofohsbr no` ab"jorhb $lr`l%ohtlrjb so b$usb l` ab"jorhb lutb!rtj!b no `l ro$-"`j!l "l*b J`j(or Crb%@o``' rls `l %uorto no +sto oh <6?7 jhf`uyõ oh `l rostlurl!jõh no Clr`bs ;; !b%b roy no ;ha`ltorrl' Ks tlrno so !bh(jrtjõ oh uh %jo%"rb j%$brtlhto no `l nohb%jhlnl Cl"l` uh aru$b !bhsu`tj(b no `b %s so`o!tb uo sor(.l l` roy Clr`bs' h <663 fuo hb%"rlnb !bhso*orb $rj(lnb y oh <66< !lh!j``or no` !/ouor uhl os$o!jo no %jhjstrb no Fjhlh#ls)' h <61= ro!j"jõ o` t.tu`b no !bhno no ,/lftos"ury' sto hb%"rl%johtb so no"jõ sb"ro tbnb l su $b`.tj!l no tb`orlh!jl y l su l$byb l` &oy' h <615 nos$u+s no uo Ml!b"b nuuo no brA o` /or%lhb no` roy ro!bhb!jorl $-"`j!l%ohto su !bh(orsjõh l` !ltb`j!js%b rohuh!jõ l su lhtorjbr tb`orlh!jl y l$byõ `ls ost L!ts lhtj!ltõ`j!ls' Fuo nostjtujnb no su !lrab oh <615 y oh <617 ros$l`nõ `l lajtl!jõh lhtj!ltõ`j!l ro`l!jbhlnl !bh o` !b%$`bt $l$jstl' Cb%b `.nor $lr`l%ohtlrjb no `l fl!!jõh @/ja so b$usb l` nuuo no brA !b%b /oronorb l `l !brbhl' h su `ualr l$byõ l` $rbtostlhto nuuo no Kbh%but/' h <67< fuo l!uslnb no trlj!jõh $orb fuo $uostb oh `j"ortln y /uyõ l `ls Srb(jh!jls Dhjnls Sl.sos l*bs) nbhno %urjõ o` =< no ohorb no <675' jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= !.==# *j+`jbtoel no ==
Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,-
Srb#jhejls so trls`lnõ l Slr.s y (j(jõ njo# l4bs !b%b tutbr %l` $lalnb y os!rj"johnb $lrl btrbs os!rjtbros' ,u $rj%orl b"rl j%$brtlhto $u"`j!lnl lhõhj%l%ohto fuo Sohsl%johtbs fj`bsõfj!bs <1>6) nbhno o$`j!l y lfjr%l su fj`bsbf.l no.stl (+lso o.s%b)' h <1>1 ro!j"jõ `l jh(jtl!jõh no onjtlr uhl trlnu!!jõh frlh!osl no `l Cy!`b$lonjl jha`osl no $/rlj% C/l%"ors' jnorbt oh !b`l"brl!jõh !bh o` %lto%tj!b Molh `o &bhn nBL`o%"ort !bh(jrtjõ osto $rbyo!tb oh uhl jh%ohsl b"rl no huo(l ronl!!jõh uo l"lr!l"l 5? (b`-%ohos h!j!`b$onjl b nj!!jbhlrjb rl#bhlnb no `ls lrtos y `bs bfj!jbs %s !bhb!jnl !b%b `l h!j!`b$onjl' Cbh lyunl no `bs %s $rostjajbsbs os!rjtbros no `l +$b!l ohtro `bs uo fjaurl"lh 0b`tljro y Kbhtosujou o` os!+$tj!b y rl!jbhl`jstl jnorbt o%$`oõ `l h!j!`b$onjl !b%b uhl $bnorbsl lr%l no $rb$lalhnl !bhtrl `l lutbrjnln o!`osjstj!l `l su$orstj!jõh o` !bhsor(lnurjs%b y o` brnoh so%jfounl` no `l +$b!l' jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb ^.= !. =77# *j+`jbtoel no =$
Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,-
<:
=-
2olh 2le"uos +bussolu NJrjaoh y fuhnl%ohtb no `l nosjaul`nln ohtro `bs /b%"rosI <1??)
*j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =,,-
2olh 2le"uos +bussolu NJrjaoh y fuhnl%ohtb no `l nosjaul`nln ohtro `bs /b%"rosI <1??) no% Sltrjejb Eb`bkmb Kur8l Cursb no oro!/b Sb`.tj!b' obr.l no` stlnb $' >3< Onjtbrjl` 6hj3orsjtlrjl =D Ebhnbttjorj Sl`l"rl !bh `l !ul` so nohb%jhl"l l `bs o*+r!jtbs %or!ohlrjbs uo l!tul"lh oh `l l!tul` ;tl`jl y uo ojstjorbh nurlhto `bs sja`bs G;0 y G0 +$b!l no jh!oslhto l!tj(jnln "+`j!l ohtro `bs ostlnbs jtl`jlhbs no osl +$b!l y uo orlh !bhtrltlnbs $br nj!/bs ostlnbs $lrl ``o(lr lno`lhto sus auorrls b `l nofohsl no sus !junlnos yl uo %u!/ls no o``ls hb $bso.lh o*+r!jtbs $rb$jbs' Oheje`b!onjl E`lr4h ^bkb =C =A
2olh %bnjh C/-$3,/-@FL fj`õsbfb *urjstl y o!bhb%jstl frlh!+s !uyls tobr.ls l!or!l no `l %bhlru.l l"sb`utl su$usjorbh uhl j%$brtlhto !bhtrj"u!jõh l `l fj`bsbf.l $b`.tj!l no` sja`b G0;' 8l!jnb oh Lhaors ostunjõ oh bu`buso y fuo l"balnb oh o` Slr`l%ohtb no Slr.s nosno # *j+`jbtoel no Ebhs&`tl Kjerbsbft Ohelrtl =@
=,,-
No` rto no `l ;uorrl J"rl no 8j!b`s Klujl(o``b os!rjtl oh l <:55 oh o` ;hstjtutb no stunjbs Konjo(l`os no brbhtb <:552<:>?) y oh `l Dhj(orsjnln no Srjh!otbh <:>72<:?=)' osno <:>? /lstl <:>7 fuo o%"l*lnbr no Frlh!jl lhto o` 0ltj!lhb' ,o rotjrõ l bu`buso Frlh!jl nbhno %urjõ o` =7 no l"rj`' $3
%J%)J;+7_
O` Srëhejpo
8j!b`s Klujl(o``b 9ys$l%orj!l nj!jbhos Lraohtjhl ,'L' <:7>
Eursb no Noroegb Sb`ëtjeb Sltrj!jb Cb`b%"b Kur-l njtbrjl` Dhj(orsjtlrjl
=3
Kl"ujl#o``b Klr!o` rjbh Ml(jor 0oralrl njtbr uohbs Ljros <::>
No` lrto no `l ;uorrl 8j!b`s Klujl(o``b nj!jbhos j"ortlnbr uohbs Ljros =33>
Njseursbs sbmro `l N>elnl no ?jtb )j#jb 8j!b`s Klujl(o``b
)oeejbhos O`okohtl`os no Sb`ëtjel Oor%h jnlrt Cl%$bs ;L& ,'L' njtbrl
uohbs Ljros <::1 Oheje`bponjl ?okìtjel )lrbusso nj!jbhos lrbusso s$l4l <:73
Kjerbsb!t Ohelrtl Ohee`bponjl @@ Kj!rbsbft Cbr$brltjbh <:::
Oheje`bponjl E`lrëh S`l#l y Mlh+s njtbros Lraohtjhl <:::
;rlh Oheje`bponjl 0l`#lt ,l`(lt njtbros lr!o`bhl <::=
(jstbrjl
(jstbrjl no` Sohslkjohtb nj!jbhos Jr"js ,'L' Klnrjn <:75
Oheje`bponjl Ku`tjkonjl 0l`#lt @@V,l`(lt njtbros ,'L' <:::
)o#jltìh4 ^&b"ls Gb''os Fbtb!b$jl no` Cl$.tu`b G0;; y otrl!tbs no `l 9jstbrjl no`
Sohsl%johtb '= y no `l j"`jbto!l no Cbhsu`tl Kj!rbsbft h!lrtl =33? Ebhtrltb 0bejl` Molh Ml!uos &bussolu 'trl!tbs no `l j"`jbto!l no Cbhsu`tl Kj!rbsbft h!lrtl =33?
%jm`jbtoel no Ebhsu`tl Kjerbsb!t Ohelrtl =33- Kj!rbsbft Cbr$brltjbh =33?
O` Ospërjtu no `ls )oos C/lr`os2bujs no Kbhtosujou nj!jbhos Jr"js ,'L' Klnrjn
<:7> 0oauhnb ?rltlnb sbmro o` ;bmjorhb Ej#j` Mb/h b!Ao L`tl#l ,'L' lr!o`bhl <::7' trl.nb no Nb!u%ohtbs Fuhnl%ohtl`os no` Cbhstjtu!jbhl`js%bI
js$bhj"`o ohE @@@'uruj#lnohjs'!b%'lr no` r' Clr`bs L`"ortb ohjs nb!ohto no `l Fl!u`tln no Cjoh!jls !bhõ%j!ls no `l DL Erjstjlhjskb Nokberlejl Ml!Aos Klrjtljh otrl!tbs no` `j"rb $u"`j!lnbs oh uh lrt.!u`b no `l $lajhl @o" Cjunln Sb`.tj!l $br o` Srbf' 9brl!jb Oohtj`o $rbfosbr no
oro!/b Cbhstjtu!jbhl` no `l Dhj(orsjnln 8l!jbhl` no Cõrnb"l y `l Dhj(orsjnln Cltõ`j!l no Cõrnb"l'
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