Ericsson Training

ERICSSON

Ericsson BSS Introduction for Optimization and Planning Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013 [email protected] +989155132368

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Contents Introduction Type of BTS Connect to BTS Connect to BSS Alex Frequency Hopping Multi Band (Common BCCH) Cell Load Sharing (CLS) Channel Administration Hierarchical Cell Structure AMR BTS and MS Power Control Idle Mode Behavior Some Important Commands

Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Introduction This presentation is designed to provide an introduction to the planning, optimization and implementation processes in 2G Ericsson networks. However, this file tries to explain and mention the most important things that a RF engineer needs to know for Network Optimization along with some examples. As a matter of fact, this topic is prepared for engineer that has good knowledge about GSM and optimization but he/she are not familiar with Ericsson BSS networks. BACK TO MAIN MENU


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TYPE OF BTS BACK TO MAIN MENU


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Types of RBS RBS 6000 series  RBS 6101  RBS 6201  RBS 6301  RBS 6601  RBS 6102  RBS 6202  ….

RBS 2000 Series  RBS 2111  RBS 2216  RBS 2308  RBS 2116  RBS 2206  RBS 2202  RBS 2106  …

RBS 3000 Series  RBS 3216  RBS 3116  RBS 3206  RBS 3106  …


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2000 RBS Overview (2202)

•IDM (Internal Distributed Module) •Power Supply Unit (PSU)

•ECU(Energy Control Unit) •CDU(Combining and Distributed Unit) • DXU (Distribution Switch Unit) •TRU (Transciever Unit)


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2000 RBS units function DXU TRU CDU ECU PSU


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RBS 6000 Overview •Support Control Unit (SCU) •Support Hub Unit (SHU) • Power Distribution Unit (PDU) • Power Connection Unit (PCU) • Battery Fuse Unit (BFU) • Power Supply Unit (PSU) •Power Filter Unit (PFU) •Support Alarm Unit (SAU) •Power Connection Filter (PCF) •Surge Protection Device (SPD) •Digital Unit (DU) •Radio Unit (RU) •Digital Baseband Advanced (DBA) •Channel Element Expansion Module (CEEM)

•AuXiliary Multiplexing Unit (XMU)


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DU (Digital Unit) The DU has the following functions:  Timing function  Loadable software (from Flash Card)  Radio interface  Transmission handling  External synchronization  Tower Mounted Amplifier Control Module (TMA-CM) (only for DUG 10 01) Type of DU  The DUG 10 01 uses the architecture from RBS 2000  The DUG 20 01 uses the same architecture as the other radio standards in RBS 6000 (WCDMA and LTE)


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RU (Radio Unit) The RUS has the following functions: •Transceiving Receiving Processing (TRP) •Uplink and downlink filtering •Power Amplifier (PA) functions Up to four carriers downlink and uplink with 2-RX diversity (valid for RUS 01) •Up to eight carriers downlink and uplink with 2-RX diversity (valid for RUS 02) The RUG has the following functions: •Timing reference function by Local Timing Unit (LTU) •Transmitter Combining •UC/HC connector supervision •Output Power Supervision function •DC/DC function •Tower Mounted Amplifier Control Module (TMA-CM) Power

RU t = G | L | W | S; G for GSM, L for LTE, W for WCDMA, S for Multi-standard gg = generation; 01 and so on bb = 3GPP band; B1 and so on


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Supported Radio Configurations Configuration in each RBS is depended on which RBB and DBB is used.

RBBs: Radio Building Block is a unique way of combining either RUs, RRUs

DBBs: Digital Building Blocks are one or two DUs with defined connections to the RBBs in each sector


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Configuration Fore Single Standard Base Station RBB

Number of RUs per Sector

RBB11_1A

1

2× RBB11_1A RBB11_1A + RBB32_3B

2 4

RBB32_3A

3

2× RBB32_3A

6

RBB43_4A

4

Maximum Total Number of Carriers

DBB

12 12 24 24 48 12 36 24 48 36 48 12 24 36

DBB10_01 DBB10_02 2× DBB10_01 2× DBB10_01 DBB10_01 + 3× DBB10_44 DBB10_44 3× DBB10_44 2× DBB10_44 4× DBB10_44 3× DBB10_44 4× DBB10_44 DBB10_45 2× DBB10_45 3× DBB10_45


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Multi-standard Configurations A multi-standard RBS supports installation of nodes of different radio access systems in the same cabinet. In a multi-standard RBS, the support system is shared between the nodes in the cabinet. Each radio access system node is managed separately using its own radio standard tools, but only the primary node controls and supervises the support system. Multi-standard configurations can be either single mode or mixed mode configurations.  Single Mode  Mixed Mode Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Single Mode Single mode allows an RBS to be configured with different radio access systems within the same cabinet. Single mode allows the following combination of radio access systems:  GSM and WCDMA  GSM and LTE  WCDMA and LTE  LTE and CDMA Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Mixed Mode Mixed mode allows nodes of different radio standards within a cabinet to share radio and antenna resources. Mixed mode allows the following combination of radio access systems:  GSM and WCDMA  GSM and LTE  WCDMA and LTE  LTE and CDMA Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Single and Multi Standard Radio


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Remote Radio Unit (RRU) Remote Radio Unit (RRU) is often used as a generic expression for a remotely installed Radio Unit (RU). •The RRUS remotely extends

the reach of the RBS by up to 40 km •A fiber optic cable connects the RRUS •The RRUSs can be connected

in a star configuration or in a cascade configuration


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CONNECT TO BTS BACK TO MAIN MENU Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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LMT and OMT Interface The client is connected to the cabinet for configuration and service purposes. In WCDMA the site LAN is used to communicate with the RBS Element Manager (EM). In LTE and CDMA the Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) is used to communicate with the RBS EM. In GSM the site LAN is used to communicate with the Operation and Maintenance Terminal (OMT).


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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE TERMINAL (OMT) OMT is a software tool specifically designed for the RBSs It is used to perform a number of Operation and Maintenance tasks on site or remotely from the BSC. OMT is a PC program that runs under Microsoft Windows


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OMT Task •Monitoring

the cabinets Internal Alarms in the troubleshooting process, •performing (Installation operations

Data

IDB Base)

•Defining the External Alarms and Antenna Related Auxiliary Equipment •(ARAE) •Monitor the hardware and configuration status of the RUs in the cabinet


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CONNECT TO BSS

BACK TO MAIN MENU


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WinFIOL


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WinFIOL Setting


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ALEX (ACTIVE LIBRARY EXPLORER)

BACK TO MAIN MENU


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ALEX (Active Library Explorer)

•By this Software we can find all information about ERICSSON . •We must add new library


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ADD LIBRARY TO ALEX


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BSS Structure Connections and Commands

BACK TO MAIN MENU


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BSC/TRC BASIC CONCEPTS GROUP SWITCH (GS) Switching Network Terminal (SNT) Device (DEV) EXCHANGE TERMINAL CIRCUIT (ETC) Digital Path (DIP) RTS A-Bis interface Line Terminal (RBLT)

Radio Transmission & Transport Subsystem (RTS) RTS A-interface Line Terminal (RALT)


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Figure below shows the different names of the PCM link devices in the three types of BSS implementation.

RALT /RBLT 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to PDH network RALT15 / RBLT15 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to SDH network, 7-board ET155 RALT2 / RBLT2 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to SDH network, 1-board ET155 RALT24 / RBLT24 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to PDH network

RALT3 / RBLT3 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to SONET network, 1-board ET155 RALT96 / RBLT96 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to 24/96 channel ET (PDH) Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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MO (Manage Objected) MO

Equipment in the BTS is seen in the BSC as Managed Objects (MOs).

Blocking state of MO: BLA : Blocked due to activity needed BLL : Load in progress BLO : Blocked automatically

BLT : Blocked due to testing MBL : Manually blocked

FORMAT

TG

Transceiver Group

RXOTG-tg

CF

Central Functions

RXOCF-tg

IS

Interface Switch

RXOIS-tg

CON

Concentrator

RXOCON-tg

DP

Digital Path

RXODP-tg-ldp

TF

Timing Function

RXOTF-tg

MCTR

Multi Carrier Transceiver Transceiver Carrier

RXOMCTR-tg-lmctr

TX

Transmitter

RXOTX-tg-ltrxc

RX

Receiver

RXORX-tg-ltrxc

TS

Time Slot

RXOTS-tg-ltrxc-lts

TRXC


RXOTRX-tg-ltrxc

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TG , Code-Site and Channel Group Connection Data 

Command for all TGs





RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION



TG TO CHANNEL GROUP CONNECTION DATA



MO



RXOTG-1 CellIDA1

CELL

CHGR



Command for specific TG



RXTCP:MOTY=RXOTG, cell= CellID D;



MO

CELL



RXOTG-6

CellID D

0

0



CellIDB1

0



CellIDC1

0



CellIDA1

1



CellIDB1

1



CellID E

0



CellIDC1

1



CellID F

0



CellID D

1



RXOTG-2

CellIDA2

0

CHGR



CellIDB2

0



CellIDC2

0



CellID E

1



CellIDA2

1



CellID F

1



CellIDB2

1



CellIDC2

1


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Identifying of RBS Type 

RXMFP:MOTY=RXOCF; RXMFP:MO=RXOCF- ;



RU RUREVISION



0 BOE 602 14/1



.



.



.

RUSERIALNO R15B

TU89465713



RUPOSITION

RULOGICALID



C:0 R:L SH: 3 SL:---

CABI 2106I


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Related Between RSITE and TG RXMOP:MO=RXOTG-1; 

RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION



MANAGED OBJECT DATA



MO



RXOTG-1

RSITE

COMB

FHOP

CellID1G A

HYB

BB



SWVERREPL

SWVERDLD



 

B0702R025E

MODEL G12

SWVERACT B0702R025E

TMODE TDM

CONFMD CONFACT TRACO ABISALLOC CLUSTERID SCGR CMD

2

POOL



DAMRCR CLTGINST CCCHCMD



PTA JBSDL PAL JBPTA



TGFID



H'0001-A783 NORMAL

SIGDEL

FLEXIBLE

BSSWANTED PACKALG 1010


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CONFACT (Concentrator Factor)  Confact: The maximum number of TRXs that can share a 64 kbit/s

A-bis time slot is equal to CONFACT or is the maximum allowed LAPD concentration factor in the TG and it is set per TG. Specifies the maximum number of TRXCs that can be LAPD concentrated on the same transmission device.  The LAPD concentrator receives messages from several TRXs and sends these messages on one 64 kbit/s Abis time slot to BSC. The LAPD concentrator also receives messages on this Abis time slot from the BSC and distributes them to the TRXs.  The maximum value is 4, however the value depends on the maximum number of SDCCH/8 per TRX defined for the TG. Max number of SDCCH/8s per TRX

Max concentration ratio

1

4

2

4

3

3

4

2 Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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FREQUENCY HOPPING AND MAIO MANAGEMENT BACK TO MAIN MENU


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Achievements  More uniform speech quality  A more dependable and predictable radio environment  Increased capacity (tighter frequency re-use enabled)

Capabilities • Up to 128 frequencies can be assigned per cell – Note: maximum of 32 frequencies per Channel Group (CHGR) • Frequencies can be reused (except the BCCH frequency) in other CHGRs within the cell Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Types of Hopping Sequences Number (HSN)  Cyclic hopping sequence

the frequencies are used consecutively. A cyclic sequence is specified by setting parameter HSN to 0.  Random hopping sequence is implemented as a pseudo-random sequence. 63 independent sequences can be defined. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Hopping Modes  Baseband hopping (FHOP = BB)

In baseband hopping, each transmitter is assigned with a fixed frequency.  Synthesizer hopping (FHOP = SY)

Synthesizer hopping means that one transmitter handles all bursts that belong to a specific connection Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Baseband Hopping + A narrow-band filter combiner can be used. To this combiner it is possible to connect up to 6 TRXs without more than 3dB combiner loss. - It is impossible to hop on more frequencies than there are TX:s.


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Synthesizer Hopping + It is possible to hop on more frequencies than there are transmitters.

- Hybrid combiners must be used. When connecting many transmitters the loss will be big.


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MAIO Management  The MAIO Management feature provides

increased control over synthesized frequency hopping to minimize channel interference within a site (or between sites if synchronized network is used).


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MAIO Algorithm  At frequency hopping MAIO values are used (together with

the HSN and the current FN) to point out the frequencies to be used from the HFS at an instant in time.  Cyclic hopping "pointer" = (MAIO+FN) modulo (number of frequencies in HFS)  Random hopping "pointer" = (MAIO+random value) modulo (number of frequencies in HFS)

 MAIO : Mobile Allocation Index Offset  FN : Frame Number Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Example • Cyclic hopping "pointer" = (MAIO+FN) modulo (number of frequencies in HFS) • Random hopping "pointer" = (MAIO+random value) modulo (number of frequencies in HFS) For instance, in Cyclic hopping, 3 TRX:s in a cell, nine frequencies in the HFS. The current FN is 1. The first TRX use frequency number: (FN+MAIO) mod (# of frequencies in HFS) = (1+0) mod 9 = 1 (which will relate the pointer to the second frequency in the HFS . The next time FN=2 and the pointers will be shifted downwards one step.

MAIO : Mobile Allocation Index Offset FN : Frame Number


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Default MAIO list  The order of the MAIO values in the default list are arranged in a "first even then odd MAIO values" manner. (with HFS containing 7

frequencies the default list will be 0, 2, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5) • The actual MAIO values to be used for a CHGR depends on the number of TRXs for the CHGR.


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CELL CONFIGURATION FREQUENCY HOPPING DATA  RLCHP:CELL=CellID; BCCD : Defines if the channel group frequencies are allowed (YES) or not (NO) for Immediate Assignment.

 CELL  CellID  CHGR HSN HOP

MAIO



0

0

OFF

DEFAULT



1

50

ON

0



1



2


BCCD YES YES

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CELL CONFIGURATION FREQUENCY DATA TN: Time slot number

 

SDCCH: Number of SDCCH channel



CBCH: cell broadcast channel



      

RLCFP:CELL=CellID; CELL CellID CHGR SCTYPE SDCCH SDCCHAC TN CBCH HSN HOP DCHNO 0 1 0 1 NO 0 OFF 114 2 3 4 1 1 0 2 NO 50 ON 64 77 81

CHGR: channel group


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MULTI BAND CELL (COMMON BCCH) BACK TO MAIN MENU Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Why we use Multi Band Cell? •

Restriction of Dynamic BTS Power Control features because of BCCH frequency

•

Restriction of Discontinuous Transmission on the BCCH frequency

•

Restriction of Frequency Hopping on the BCCH frequency

•

All the frequencies in the non-BCCH frequency band can be more efficiently reused

•

There is one more timeslot available for traffic in the non-BCCH frequency band

•

The number of defined cells and neighbor relations in a BSC of a multi band cell network is reduced


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Common BCCH


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Reducing the number of neighbor relation = Reducing the measurements performed and reported by the MS  less

neighbor relations means less restrictions on the total number of available positions in measurement reports.  less neighbor relations lead to more accurate measurements performed and reported by the MS, since there is more time available for measurements of each neighbor Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Reduced number of defined cells and neighbor relations

Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013 Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Inter Cell Handovers

The offset (FBOFFS) is added to the measured signal strength of the active channel at the non-BCCH 1800 frequency band (RxLevA), so the BSC can locate the MS as if it would be served by the BCCH 900 frequency band instead.


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Sub-Cell Load Distribution Without Subcell Load Distribution acitvated, mobile stations within the OL subcell service area will be served by the OL subcell even if there is a lot of spare capacity in the UL subcell. This is generally undesirable since the OL subcell frequencies may be more vulnerable to interference than the frequencies in the UL subcell.

With Subcell Load Distribution activated, the OL subcell is only used when the traffic in the UL subcell increases beyond a certain limit. Secondly, the mobiles closest to the site are moved to the OL subcell, which means that power control are more effective for the OL subcell and less interference is spread.


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Change Sub-Cells from UL to OL Only mobile stations that fulfill the following three conditions for LOL, TAOL and DTCB are allowed to change subcells from UL to OL: • L < LOL - LOLHYST • TA< TAOL - TAOLHYST • SS(s) - SS(n) > DTCB

No SDCCH should be configured in OL subcell, which makes use of Subcell Load Distribution, since it is only applicable to traffic channels. With SCLD activated, only assignment to UL is allowed, which makes SDCCH in the OL subcell inaccessible.


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Parameters for Multi Band Cell Optimization  LOL : Path loss threshold. It defines the OL sub-cell coverage  

  

border in terms of the path loss from the serving cell. LOLHYST : Hysteresis for the path-loss criterion during evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage. DTCB : Distance to cell border threshold. It defines the OL subcell coverage border in terms of the signal strength difference between the active channel and the strongest neighboring BCCHs. DTCBHYST : Hysteresis for the DTCB criterion during evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage. TAOL : Timing advance threshold. It defines the OL sub-cell timing advance border. TAOLHYST : Hysteresis for the timing advance criterion during evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage.


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Commands RLOLC:CELL=cell,LOL=lol,LOLHYST=lolhyst,TAO L=taol,TAOLHYST=taolhyst, DTCBN=dtcbn, DTCBHYST=dtcbhyst; The following command is an attempt to distribute traffic connections from the underlaid subcell to the overlaid subcell

RLLLC:CELL=cell,SCLD=on/off,SCLDLUL=scldlul, SCLDLOL=scldlol, SCLDSC=UL;


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CELL LOAD SHARING (CLS) BACK TO MAIN MENU


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Cell Load Sharing Consists of the Following Activities:  The traffic load in the cells are monitored  If a cell has too high load, MSs close to the cell

Border are made to perform a handover  The handovers are carried out if the receiving cell has Low enough load


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There are two levels:  CLSLEVEL if the amount of idle traffic channels is equal to or

decreases below CLSLEVEL in a cell, that cell tries to rid itself of some traffic by initiating load sharing handover to neighboring cells  CLSACC if the amount of idle traffic channels is above load CLSACC in a cell, that cell is prepared to accept incoming load sharing handovers from other cells. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Conditions for neighboring cell  The cell belongs to the same BSC  The cell belongs to the same HCS-layer  Incoming CLS handovers are allowed

(HOCLSACC=ON)


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CLS Parameters  Clsacc : Cell Load Sharing level above which a

cells traffic must remain if its to accept handovers due to Cell Load Sharing.  Clslevel : Cell Load Sharing level at which a cells traffic will cause Cell Load Sharing evaluation.  Clsstate : State of Cell Load Sharing in the cell : ACTIVE or INACTIVE.  Hoclsacc : Handover due to Cell Load Sharing accepted : ON or OFF. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Command 
!CELL LOAD SHARING DATA!



CELL CLSSTATE

CLSLEVEL CLSACC HOCLSACC RHYST CLSRAMP



CellID1 INACTIVE

20

40

OFF

75

8



CellID2 INACTIVE

20

40

ON

75

8



CellID3 INACTIVE

20

40

OFF

75

8



RLLCC:CELL=HLM2,HOCLSACC=ON;



RLLCC:CELL=HLM3,HOCLSACC=ON;



RLLCI:CELL=HLM1&HLM2&HLM3;



RLLSI; Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Result after Activation of CLS


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CHANNEL ADMINISTRATION BACK TO MAIN MENU


65

 The capability

of the feature channel Administration is to select and allocate one or more suitable channels in each traffic situation the requires a set of cannels.  If several types of channels are possible to allocate in a specific traffic situation, the order in which the different types are preferred is defined.


66

Channel Administration  There are three main situations in which a set of channels is allocated:  Immediate assignment – when a connection is to be

established, a channel for signaling has to be allocated. Depending on the traffic situation and the chosen CHAP, the channel could be either a Stand alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH) or a Traffic Channel (TCH).  Assignment - after an Immediate assignment on SDCCH, when a channel for speech/data is needed, a TCH has to be allocated.  Handover - when a connection in use is to be changed, a new channel has to be allocated.


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Channel Administration Processing

A CHAP is a list of all possible Selection Type (STs). Each ST is assigned one Resource Type Priority List (RTPL). There are eleven profiles to choose among by the parameter CHAP. Each profile represents a specific channel allocation strategy. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Selection Type The following data is needed to select a suitable channel:  Traffic Case 

e.g. Assignment, Inter/Intra cell handover, Subcell change etc.

 Preferred Subcell 

Overlaid or Underlaid Subcell

 Channel Mode  Speech/data or signaling

 Channel Service  A list of channel type and speech versions/data rates in order of

preference

 Multislot Data  Number of channels requested etc.


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Resource Type (RT)  An RT is a unique type of channel. It is a combination of subcell, channel type and rate.

 An MS can be assigned 6 different Resource Types (RTs):  RT1.1 OL/TCH/FR

 RT1.2 OL/TCH/HR  RT2.1 UL/TCH/FR  RT2.2 UL/TCH/HR  RT3 OL/SDCCH  RT4 UL/SDCCH Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Immediate Assignment on TCH / SDCCH Immediate assignment on SDCCH  – If signaling => remains on SDCCH  – If speech/data => assignment to TCH

Immediate assignment on TCH  – If SMS => transferred by the SACCH part  – If signaling (LU, supplementary services etc.) =>

transferred by the FACCH part  – If speech/data => change of channel mode at assignment Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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CHAPs     

     

CHAP 0: Immediate Assignment on TCH is not allowed CHAP 1: Immediate Assignment on TCH, SDCCH First CHAP 2: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 2 MS, “Channel Needed” provided by MSC CHAP 3: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 2 MSs, “Channel Needed” not provided by MSC CHAP 4: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 1 MSs, “Channel Needed” not provided by MSC CHAP 5: Overlaid Subcell as last resort CHAP 6: Immediate Assignment on TCH, SDCCH First, Overlaid Subcell as last resort CHAP 7: Operators choice CHAP 8: BCCH in Overlaid subcell CHAP 9: Inter cell handover and Assignment to other cell, restricted to underlaid CHAP 10: Inter cell handover and Assignment to other cell, overlaid subcell as last resort Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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CHAP 5 and CHAP 6  CHAP 5: This profile provides a channel allocation strategy similar to the

default profile. However, if an UL subcell is preferred, and there is no available idle channel in the UL subcell, an attempt is made to allocate a channel from the OL subcell as a last resort. The purpose of this strategy is to avoid unsuccessful handovers or blocked calls when the UL subcell is congested, but there are available idle channels in the OL subcell. The drawback is that the OL subcell may serve MSs outside its defined serving area, which might lead to excessive interference.  CHAP 6: This profile combines the Immediate assignment allocation strategy in profile 1 and the OL subcell as last resort strategy in profile 5. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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CONNECTION OF CELL TO CHANNEL ALLOCATION PROFILE DATACONNECTION OF CELL TO CHANNEL ALLOCATION PROFILE DATA (Command)

 RLHPC:CELL=cell, CHAP=3;  RLHPP:CELL=cell;


74

HIERARCHICAL CELL STRUCTURE (HCS)

BACK TO MAIN MENU


75

HCS Discription  The HCS feature provides the possibility and

flexibility to give priority to cells that are not strongest but provide sufficient received signal strength. The priority of a cell is given by associating a layer to the cell. Each layer is also belonging to a HCS band. The lower the layer (and HCS band), the higher the priority. The layer and band definition should take consideration in several factors like:  Traffic distribution strategy among different cells;  Maximum traffic capacity for the cells;  Influence of interference on the cells, etc.

Up to eight layers (in up to eight bands) may be defined using HCS Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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CELL LOCATING HIERARCHICAL DATA

RLLHP:CELL=cellID; CELL CellID HCSIN 0

TYPE LAYER LAYERTHR LAYERHYST PSSTEMP PTIMTEMP FASTMSREG INT

2

75

2

10

5

OFF

HCSOUT 100 Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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Example of HCS Band and Layers

Technical Description •The layer threshold decides if the cell should be prioritized over stronger cells of the same HCS band. •The band threshold decides if the cell should be prioritized over stronger cells from other HCS bands


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Fast Moving Mobiles  To prevent fast moving mobiles form doing

HO to lower layer cells, a penalty is used  PSSTEMP : penalty SS offset  PTIMTEMP : penalty duration  The first time a cell is reported as a neighbor to the serving cell of the fast moving mobile, the cell is punished with PSSTEMP dB and the punishment lasts for PTIMTEMP seconds Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

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AMR (ADAPTIVE MULTI RATE)

BACK TO MAIN MENU


80

Why AMR?  Improve speech quality at low C/I  The robust FR channel that provides high

speech quality at low C/I , then apply tighter frequency reuse in a network with high AMR  Possible to change speech codec during the call , depending on interference conditions  The enhanced speech quality also provides better coverage at the edges of the cell, thus making it possible to increase the coverage area. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

81

AMR General Information  Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) is a new speech and channel

codec for both half rate and full rate channels. By adapting the codec rate to the radio conditions the speech quality is enhanced. At low C/I, a large amount of channel coding is applied and less speech coding. When the C/I increases the speech coding is increased and the channel coding is decreased.  Both the BTS (uplink ) and the MS (downlink) continuously measures the radio quality (C/I) and based on these measurements the codec rate is changed. AMR requires support in all network nodes, i.e. MSC, BSC, BTS and MS and AMR is only supported in cells where all TRUs are AMR capable.


82

AMR FR/HF performance


83

Concepts • Speech Version     

FR SPV 1 = “normal Full Rate” FR SPV 2 = “enhanced Full Rate” FR SPV 3 = “AMR Full Rate” HR SPV 1 = “normal Half Rate” HR SPV 3 = “AMR Half Rate”

Channel Rate  Full Rate (22,8 kbps gross bit rate on air interface)  Half Rate (11,4 kbps gross bit rate)


84

Technical Behaviors of AMR vs. EFR


85

RLSLP:CELL=MA0734F  CELL SCTYPE  MA0734F  ACTIVE  YES        

CHTYPE BCCH SDCCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH CBCH

CHRATE SPV LVA ACL NCH 1 A1 1 0 A2 16 FR 1 6 A3 29 FR 2 0 A3 29 FR 3 0 A3 29 FR 5 0 A3 29 HR 1 0 A3 58 HR 3 0 A3 58 0 A3 0


86

Activation AMR and AMR Power Control  AMR activated in the BSC:  RAEPC:AMRSUPPORT-1;

 Power Control AMR activated per Cell  RLAPI:CELL=cellID;

 CELL  CellID

AMRPCSTATE INACTIVE

 AMRPCSTATE: AMR power control state.


87

DYNAMIC HR ALLOCATION AND DYNAMIC HR/FR ADAPTATION


88

Dynamic HR Allocation and Dynamic HR/FR Adaptation  RLDHP:CELL=CellID  

CELL CellID

DHA ON

DTHAMR DTHNAMR DTHAMRWB DHPRL DHPR 60 30

 RLDHC:CELL=CellID, DHA=ON,DTHAMR=35,DTHNAMR=20;

 DTHAMR  Dynamic HR Allocation threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobiles Indicates a percentage value of number of de-blocked full rate Traffic Channels (TCHs) in the cell when Dynamic HR Allocation is enabled and the mobile supports AMR HR. When the number of idle full rate TCHs in the cell is above or equal to the value, FR TCHs will have precedence over HR TCHs. When the number of idle FR TCHs in the cell is below to the value, HR TCHs will have precedence over FR TCHs.

 DTHNAMR  Dynamic HR Allocation threshold for non Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobiles performs as DTHAMR for mobile that not support AMR


89

BTS AND MS POWER CONTROL BACK TO MAIN MENU


90

Power Control  Power Control Capabilities are:

 Interference  Battery Backup Power Consumption  Receiver Saturation  Quality and Signal Strength Impact

Power Control is fulfilled for: Channel

Power Control

TCH

YES

BCCH

NO

SDCCH

YES


91

BTS Power Control consists of three stages


92

Dynamic BTS and MS Power Controls Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

93

Power Control Parameters


94

Setting Parameters for Power control •RLLOC:CELL=CellID,BSTXPWR=x-5; •RLLOC:CELL=CellID,BSPWR=x-5, BSRXMIN=102,BSRXSUFF=110; •RLCPC:CELL=CellID,BSPWRB=x, BSPWRT=x;


MSTXPWR: Maximum transmit power for the Mobile Station (MS) on connection. SCTYPE : UL (sub-cell type is underlaid) and OL (sub-cell type is overlaid) BSPWRB: Base Station output power in dBm for the BCCH RF channel number. The power is specified at the Power Amplifier (PA) output. immediately after the transmitter unit and before the combiner. BSPWRT: Base Station output power in dBm like BSPWRB but for the NONBCCH RF channel number.







BSTXPWR is the BTS output power on all frequencies other than the BCCH frequency. It is defined at the reference point used in the locating algorithm. BSRXMIN: Minimum required signal strength received at the BTS, at the reference point, to consider the cell as a possible candidate for handover. BSRXSUFF: Sufficient signal strength received at the BTS, at the reference point, to consider the cell selectable for further ranking according to the magnitude of the path loss.


95

Dynamic BTS Power Control Cell Data RLBCC:CELL=cellID,SSDESDL=70,REGINTDL=5,SSLENDL=8, LCOMPDL=50,QDESDL=55,QCOMPDL=30,QLENDL=20, SDCCHREG=ON;  Desired signal strength is -70 dBm  Regulation interval, stationary, downlink is 5 SACCH periods , or Defines the minimum interval between power order commands.  Length of downlink signal strength filter is 8 SACCH periods.  Path-loss compensator factor downlink is 50 percent , when set to zero there is no power control towards SSDESDL.  Desired quality downlink is 55 dtqu  Quality deviation compensator factor downlink is 30 percent, When set to zero, no quality compensation is performed.  Length of stationary quality filter downlink is 20 SACCH periods  SDCCH regulation switch is ON Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

96

Dynamic MS Power Control Cell Data RLPCC:CELL=cellID,SSDESUL=70,SSLENUL=5,LCOMPUL=75, QDESUL=50,QLENUL=20,QCOMPUL=40,REGINTUL=10,DTXFUL=16; 

Desired signal strength uplink is 70 dBm



Length of signal strength filter uplink is 5 SACCH periods



Pathloss compensator factor uplink is 75 percent



Desired quality uplink is 50 dtqu transformed GSM quality units



Length of quality filter uplink is 20 SACCH periods



Quality deviation compensator factor uplink is 40 percent



Regulation interval uplink is 10 SACCH periods. A new power order is issued only if the calculated power level is different from the current MS power level.



Number of measurement periods before full measurement periods are used, uplink is 16. The full set of measurements is performed on each TDMA frame in a basic physical channel. The subset of measurements is performed on those TDMA frames in the basic physical where transmission is guaranteed. The power control algorithm uses the subset if either DTX is used on a TCH or during a time period after the call has just been established on a TCH. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

97

CELL SYSTEM INFORMATION SACCH AND BCCH DATA 

RLSSC:CELL=cell,ACCMIN=accmin,CCHPWR=cchpwr,CRH=crh,DTXU=dtxu,RLINKT=rlinkt;



ACCMIN : Access minimum signal level



CCHPWR: Control channel power This parameter changes the maximum Transceiver Power Level (TXPWR) in dBm an MS may use when accessing on a Control Channel (CCH).



CHR: Cell reselect hysteresis This parameter changes the Received Signal Level (RXLEV) hysteresis in dB for required cell reselection over location area border.



DTXU: Uplink DTX indicator. 0 The MSs may use Uplink DTX, 1 The MSs use uplink DTX and 2 The MSs do not use uplink DTX.



RLINKT: Radio link time-out on DL for non AMR This parameter changes the time before an MS disconnects a call due to failure in decoding Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) messages for non Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR). The parameter is given as number of SACCH periods (480ms).


98

RLAPP:CELL=CellID; CELL

AMRPCSTATE

CellID

ACTIVE

SCTYPE

SSDESDLAFR SSDESULAFR 90 SSDESDLAHR

90 

92 SSDESULAHR

92

QDESDLAFR

QDESULAFR

40 QDESDLAHR

40 QDESULAHR

30

30

SSDESDLAWB SSDESULAWB QDESDLAWB QDESULAWB


99

RLAPC:CELL=cell, SCTYPE =OL/UL , SSDESDLAFR = 90, SSDESULAFR=92, QDESDLAFR =40, QDESULAFR,=40, SSDESDLAHR =90, SSDESULAHR =92, QDESDLAHR =30, QDESULAHR = 30;

 SSDESDLAFR= Desired signal strength for the codec type AMR FR, downlink.  SSDESULAFR= Desired signal strength for the codec type AMR FR, uplink.  QDESDLAFR=Desired quality for the codec type Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) Full Rate (FR),

downlink.  QDESULAFR= Desired quality for the codec type AMR FR, uplink.  The rest of parameters are defined for HR as above. Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

100

IDLE MODE BEHAVIOR

BACK TO MAIN MENU


101

Idle Mode Behavior  The idle mode behavior is managed by the MS. It can be

controlled by parameters which the MS receives from the base station on the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH). All of the main controlling parameters for idle mode behavior are transmitted on the BCCH carrier in each cell. These parameters can be controlled on a per cell basis.

Idle Mode Tasks:  PLMN Selection  Cell Selection  Cell Reselection  Location Updating  Monitor PCH (Paging Channel) Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

102

Cell Priority CBQ

CB

CELL SELECTION

CELL RE-SELECTION

HIGH

NO

NORMAL

NORMAL

HIGH

YES

BARRED

BARRED

LOW

NO

LOW

NORMAL

LOW

YES

LOW

NORMAL

When a cell is barred it will not be camped on by an MS in idle mode but an active (i.e. an MS in dedicated mode) can perform handover to it. Cells can have three levels of priority; barred, normal and low. Suitable cells that are of low priority are only camped on if there are no other suitable cells of normal priority. The priority of a cell is controlled by the Cell Bar Qualify parameter CBQ (only valid for mobiles supporting GSM phase 2), in conjunction with the Cell Bar Access parameter , CB. It is probably better to set CBQ to HIGH to speed up cell selection for phase 2 MSs since CBQ makes no difference at cell reselection.


103

C1 Criteria  C1>0

C1 = (received signal level – ACCMIN) – max(CCHPWR – P, 0)  (received signal level – ACCMIN) : Good enough downlink  max(CCHPWR – P, 0) : To ensure good enough uplink  ACCMIN : minimum received signal in MS to allow access  CCHPWR: maximum MS power at access  P : maximum power output of MS according to its class


104

C2 Criterion  C2 = C1 + CRO – TO * H (PT - T)

if PT <> 31

 C2 = C1 – CRO

if PT = 31

 H(x) = 0 if x < 0  H(x) = 1 if x ≥ 0

 CRO : Cell reselection offset  TO : Temporary negative offset  PT : Time for application of a temporary offset  T : Timer


105

Related Commands 

RLSBP:CELL=cellID;



CELL



cellID



CB

MAXRET

TX

ATT



NO

1

32

YES



ACC



CLEAR

T3212 CBQ CRO TO 40

HIGH

0

PT

ECSC

0

YES

0


106

SOME IMPORTANT COMMANDS BACK TO MAIN MENU


107

Managed Object Commands             

RXMOP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT DATA RXMOP:MO=RXOTG-tg; RXMSP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT STATUS RXMSP:MO=RXOTG-tg; RXCDP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT CONFIGURATION DATA RXCDP:MO=RXOTG-tg; RXCAP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT CAPABILITY INFORMATION RXCAP: MO=RXOCF-tg; RXMFP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT FAULT INFORMATION RXMFP: MO=RXOCF-tg; RXMFP: MO=RXOCF-tg,faulty; RXAPP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT Abis PATH PRINT RXAPP:MO=RXOTG-tg;


108

For CELL DESCRIPTION DATA For Create: RLDEC:CELL=cell+,CGI=cgi,BSIC=bsic,BCCHNO=bcchno, AGBLK=agblk,MFRMS=mfrms,BCCHTYPE=bcchtype,IRC=on/off+;

For Print  RLDEP:Cell=CellID;  CELL CGI  CellID 432-11-LAC-CI 

TYPE  INT

BCCHTYPE NCOMB

BSIC BCCHNO AGBLK MFRMS IRC 45 114 1 6 ON FNOFFSET 0

XRANGE CSYSTYPE NO GSM900


109

 AGBLK: Number of reserved access grant blocks. This parameter

sets the number of Common Control Channel (CCCH) blocks reserved for the access grant channel. The remaining CCCH blocks are used for paging channel.  MFRMS: Multi-frames period This parameter sets period of transmission for PAGING REQUEST messages to the same paging subgroup. This parameter is expressed as the number of CCCH multiframes.  FNOFFSET: Frame number offset This parameter sets the time difference from the Frame Number (FN) generator in the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) expressed as a number of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) frames.  IRC: Interference Rejection Combining To reduce the effect of uplink interference and to improve quality.


110

Resetting of one TG  RXBLI:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD,FORCE;  RXESE:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;  RXESI:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;  RXBLE:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;


111

HandOver Definition 

Internal



RLNRC:CELL=CellIDB,CELLR=CellIDA,CS=NO,AWOFFSET=10;



RLMFC:CELL=CellIDB,MBCCHNO=CellIDA_bcch,MRNIC;



RLMFC:CELL=CellIDA,MBCCHNO=CellIDB_bcch,MRNIC;



External



RLDEI:CELL=CellIDC,CSYSTYPE=GSM900, EXT;



RLDEC:CELL=CellIDC,CGI=432-11-LAC-CI,BSIC=bsic,BCCHNO=cellIDC_bcch;



RLLOC:CELL=CellIDC,BSPWR=47, BSRXMIN=120,BSRXSUFF=0,MSRXMIN=102,MSRXSUFF=0,SCHO=OFF,MISSNM=3,AW=OFF,BSTXPWR=35 ,EXTPEN=OFF;



RLCPC:CELL=CellIDC,MSTXPWR=33;



RLLHC:CELL=CellIDC,LAYER=6,LAYERTHR=75,LAYERHYST=2,PSSTEMP=10,PTIMTEMP=5,FASTMSRE G=ON;



RLNRI:CELL=CellIDA,CELLR=CellIDC,SINGLE;



RLMFC:CELL=CellIDA,MBCCHNO=cellIDC_bcch,MRNIC;



P.S. The some parameters are different for 900 and 1800 bands , check these in ALEX and the External part must be implement in two BSC Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

112

View of CELL RESOURCES  RLCRP:CELL=ALL;       

CELL CellID1 CellID2 CellID3 CellID4 CellID5 CellID6

BCCH CBCH SDCCH NOOFTCH QUEUED 1 0 16 13- 26 0 1 0 16 37- 74 0 1 0 16 45- 90 0 1 0 16 13- 26 0 1 0 16 61-122 0 1 0 24 28- 56 0


113

Some important commands  

RLCCC:CELL=cell,CHGR=chgr,SDCCH=sdcch,CBCH=cbch,TN=tn; This command changes SDCCH/8 configuration data in a channel group.

 

RLSTC: CELL=cell, STATE=halted/active; The command is used to change the state of a cell or channel group.

 

RLSTP:CELL=cell; The command will initiate the printout CELL STATUS for the internal cell

 

RLLDC:CELL=cell,MAXTA=maxta,RLINKUP=rlinkup; This command is used to handle locating disconnect data in a cell



RLLUC:CELL=cell,QLIMUL=qlimul,QLIMDL=qlimd,,QLIMULAFR=qlimulafr, QLIMDLAFR=qlimdlafr, TALIM=talim,CELLQ=cellq; By this command the Timing advance limit for handover and cell quality are defined per cell




114

Instance MO Configuration Data  rxcdp:mo=rxotg-Tg;  Command RXCDP is used

to initiate printing of managed object configuration data for one or more managed object instances.  The answer printout indicates how each managed object specified in the MO parameter is configured.

Examples 

RXCDP:MO=RXETG-0&&-3;



Configuration data for all managed objects within TGs 0 to 3 inclusive all related RX, TS and TX.



RXCDP:MO=RXETS-2-3-0&&-7;



Configuration data for all TSs connected to TRXC 3 within TG 2.



RXCDP:MO=RXORX-4-0;



Configuration data for the RX connected to TRXC 0 within TG 4.



RXCDP:MO=RXETX-3-15;



Configuration data for TX 15 connected to TG 3.



RXCDP:MO=RXOTX-3-15;



A printout of configuration data for the TX connected to TRXC 15 within TG 3.


115

EDGE and GPRS 

RLGSP : cell=CellID;



CELL



CellID

GPRSSUP BVCI FPDCH GAMMA PSKONBCCH LA CHCSDL YES

2

0

ENABLED

ON

CS2

 

SCALLOC PDCHPREEMPT MPDCH PRIMPLIM SPDCH FLEXHIGHGPRS EFACTOR



UL

4

NO

2

0

0

5



  

RXAPP : mo=rxotg-95; MO RXOTG-95

     

DEV DCP APUSAGE APSTATE 64K TEI RBLT2-1 1 UNDEF IDLE NO ….. RRBLT2-6 6 MPLEX16 IDLE NO …… RBLT2-31 31 UNCONC SPEECH/DATA YES Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013

116

All Modifying commands for AFP  RLCHC : CELL= CellID, CHGR=channel Group ,HOP= hopping

     

,HSN=hopping sequence No. ,MAIO=Mobile Allocation Index Offset RLDEC : CELL= CellID, BCCHNO=BCCH; RLSTC : CELL= CellID, STATE=HALTED; RLDEC : CELL= CellID, BSIC=basic; RLDTC:CELL= CellID, CHGR=channel Group ,TSC=Training Sequence Code ; RLSTC : CELL= CellID, STATE=ACTIVE; Change frequency in BAL all neighbors ( RLMFC : CELL=CellID, MBCCHNO= bcch, MRNIC;)


117

References 

BSS INTEGRATION, EN/LZT 123 5231 R1A, Ericsson Course



GSM Radio Network Features, 03813-LZU 108 3704 Uae Rev F



Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab, “Root Cause Analysis and New Practical Schemes for Improving of SDCCH Accessing in Cellular Networks”, IEEE ICICES 2013



RBS 6000 INFORMATION TO PRESENTERS, Commercial in confidence , 25/221 09 FGB 101 558 Uen, Rev C , 2012-06-28 .



GSM Radio Network Features ,STUDENT BOOK, LZT1380719 R1A


118

Ericsson Training

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