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- Organization Communication - Human Relation Theory -
NAME
:
Joel Kuan Han-Yu
CLASS
:
DMC093/2-4
SUBJECT
:
Organization Communication
LECTURER
:
Ms. Ean Lee
DATE
:
10 March 2011 Sign up to vote on this title
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Content Content
1
Introduction
2
Works and Experiments
3-5
Underlying assumption of classical and neo-human relation theory
6
Application of Human Relation Theory
7 – 8
Relevancy of Human Relation Theory in today‟s world
9
Drawbacks of Human Relation Theory
10
Conclusion
11
Bibliography
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12
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Appendix
13 - 14
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Introduction
This is my first assignment for this subject. We are given a topic by random in chap
and are asked to fully explain that subtopic in the chapter. I have been given the topic of H Relation Theory.
Elton Mayo is the founder of Human Relation Movement and also known for his res he did which is The Hawthorne Studies. He was born in 26 December 1880 and died
September 1949 at the age of 69. He lectured at the University of Queensland from 1911 to before moving to University of Pennsylvania. He later continued his career at the
Business School. He married Dorothea McConnel and had two daughters named Patrici Gael.
He conducted his Hawthorne studies in 1930s which shows the importance of g
affecting the behavior of individual works. Mayo‟s employee, Roethlisberger and Dic You're Reading a Preview helped in conducting the practical experiments. He carried out a few method to conduc Unlock full access with a free trial.
experiment, these includes relay assembly, lighting illumination and interview process. He f out that the feel of importance, physical condition or Trial financial incentives gives a little Download With Free motivation to the employees.
The basic concept or the summary of Human Relation Theory is to understan
importance of employees feeling in their workplace. The motivation values arerecogn Sign up to vote on this title
encouragement and rewards of individual contribution. Useful
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Works and Experiments
The first experiment Elton Mayo did is the Relay Assembly. This relay assembly is r
simple and straight forward. A group of 5 ladies were placed in a room to assemble teleph
which consist of forty different parts. Each of the ladies was seated in a lone bench at their
station in the room. They are provided with the parts needed and as soon they com
assembling them, the ladies would drop them in a chute. The relay assemblies were tra
automatically by a moving paper tape which was punched with holes as soon as the telep
was dropped into the chute. This moving paper tape was used to track the production rate of
worker. This measuring technique was kept secret for two weeks. They had a supervisor i
experiment room which later on discussed changes with them at sometimes uses their sugge
Researchers was unsure if this method increase the rate of production or decreas because this method provided the workers with rest periods, shorter working hours,
You're Reading a Preview incentives and a smaller group in work. Unlock full access with a free trial.
The researchers spent five years measuring the changes and impact towards the wo
when different environment was introduced in the workplace. They were first given t Download With Free Trial
minutes break when some of the workers suggested it would be enough. Later on, the resea
increased the time to 10 minutes break twice. This in returned caused the productivity to inc
but when the break time changed to six 5 minutes break, the production decreased as the wo
up to them vote onwith this title dislike these interruptions. The second variable was to Sign provide foods during
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increased their productivity. The third variable was to shorten the day by 30 minutes incr
the output value. Shortening it even more later on increased the output hourly but decreas
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personality and so on because Elton Mayo believes that these variables might play a Sheet Music
employee‟s attitude at work and also towards the supervisor.
From 1928 to 1930, Mayo and Roethlisberger conducted more than twenty one thou
interviews and worked closely training other researchers. After some time of interviewing,
methodology or goal made a turn. This turn has caused the interview to be more lik
conversation interview rather than a question interview. This method of interview encourage
employees to openly voice out their comments, suggestion, thinking, emotion or any topic o
or her choice rather than answering a set of set questions. Therefore, the interviewer must listener rather than “ask -er”. The interview lasted an average of 30 minutes increased two times, three times or over the period of interviewing. The time was extended because employees voiced out
emotion and released stressed as they could talk any topic they wished. In the records o
employees, hundreds and thousands of pages were committed to employee‟s personal issu
You're Reading a Preview details of their daily life. In the where computers were not so popular or even have the syste
sort files; employee‟s comments Unlock were full sorted out a individually according to their wo access with free trial. condition, jobs, supervisor, issues and so on. Download With Free Trial
The interview program worked tremendously because when the participants or empl
was asked to voice out their suggestion, comments or just for a talk, they felt attended to and
taken into account that their ideas was heard. This in return created a positive atmosphere i workplace and a sense of well being.
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The third experiment they conducted is light intensity versus the output of emplo
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The final experiment was bank wiring. Bank wiring means that the researchers wire Sheet Music
whole office or assembly line to monitor the works in action. This method was to use to s payment incentives worked. To their surprise, it did not increase the productivity output.
because the workers had an assumption that this method was to boost their production in ord
lay off some workers. This study was conducted in year 1931 to 1932 by Mayo and W. L
Warner on a group of fourteen men in a telephone assembly line. They noticed that in the g
there were subgroups or cliques. These groups had their own informal rules. When the supe or boss asked about the production, they had their own answers even though it‟s not Example question is why production is so slow or low.
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Underlying assumption of classical an neo-human relation theory
Neo-human relation theory was theorized by Abraham Maslow. This theory focus
the psychological needs of employees. Maslow created a pyramid chart or as know as hier
that shows the 5 employee needs that have to be fulfilled at their workplace. Hierarchy is r simple, when a lower level need is accomplished or fulfilled, on than the employer have to up one level to fulfill the next need.
By using this method, a worker will be motivated constantly for the rest of their wo
period in a company. An example was given in tutor2u.net for better understanding. example is “a person who is dying of hunger will be motivated to achieve a basic wage in to buy food before worrying about having a secure job contract or the respect of others.”
The drawback of this neo-human is that different worker or emplo You're relation Readingmethod a Preview have different needs. Moreover not Unlock all employees would full access with a freemove trial. up the hierarchy at the same
Therefore in order to motivate each and every worker or employee, the manageme Download With Free Trial supervisor has to identify each individual workers needs and fulfill them separately.
Between these two theories, there is one same objective to achieve is to inc
productivity of each individual worker and in return will ensure higher profit for the com
up to vote on this title Both theories use different method to motivate workers toSign continue working or work harder
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classical human relation theory focuses on the physical needs of the employees wherea
mention in this page, the neo-human relation theory focuses on the psychological needs o
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Application of Human Relation Theory
I have chosen a travel agent company called Belantara Holidays to do this topic o
assignment. There are many ways and form to apply this theory in many different companie here is my way of application.
The first thing I would do is to provide sufficient break time for the workers. In a t
agency, calls are coming in from all over the world. When someone is involved with the w
there would be time differences and sometimes calls might come in at night. In ord
overcome this, workers should be given comfort in the office. Break time are provided
foods and beverages. The break time was chosen by themselves and can go for break a
given time, except they have a certain period and amount of break time. This method was ap
in one of the experiment Elton Mayo and his team conducted which was the Relay Assem
do believe that if the employees were given their own freedom to choose what they wan
You're Preview when they want it would provide them withReading a stressarelease time when they need one. Unlock full access with a free trial.
The second thing to apply in the workplace of Belantara Holidays is the ligh
Although Elton Mayo experiment came out negative ofTrial productivity output, I still believe Download With Free brighter lights in a work area would encourage better productivity. This is because light
effect on our mood, the bright the light, the brighter our day equals a higher productivity. I
lights would to be dull and dim, it would cause the employees to feel tired and sleepy and c Signflow. up to vote on this title them to lose concentration and willingness to continue work
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The third method of application is the interview program. This interview progra
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working purposes but some employees might abuse the benefit and cause production to decr Sheet Music
The method used to monitor these events are not as how Elton Mayo did in the past but i
new generation, every mouse click on a computer and every idle moment of the compute logged and analyzed by an Artificial Intelligent computer and will alert the supervisor there is any differences in the workers routine.
Basically I would apply all the method in the Human Relation Theory that Elton M
conducted experiments with but in a much different way compared with how Elton Mayo di
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Relevancy of Human Relation Theory today’s world In this new age world where many methods of management are introduced and
many ways of monitoring programs, many methods to motivate employees, I believe that are all based on the Human Relation Theory.
In this world we are living in now, it is still important to follow the human rel
theory. 1 year ago or 100 years ago, we are still human, our feelings are the same and we
need our „glamour -time‟ or being treated as someone special; we want to be noticed an centre of attraction.
For example, we can see that in many assembly lines or factories, offices or shops,
light up the area brightly because it is a way to make human feel lively and awake. The se
example we can see which is from You're the human relation theory is company giving annual d Reading a Preview
bonuses, special benefits, bosses interacting withwith employees Unlock full access a free trial.as friends and so on. These ac
are to motivate the employees to look towards a goal and make them feel pampered or sp Download With Free Trial when they completed a task as targeted.
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Drawbacks of Human Relation Theory
Everything we do, every idea we spring up with and every theory we theorize has its
distinct advantages and disadvantages. Same goes to Human Relation Theory. Although theory is to motivate employees to work harder in order to increase the productivity output,
also gives a wrong impression where workers work only to gain the reward but not to he company grow. This is a major drawback when company employees are giving all they got
the company target but failed to do so, the company couldn‟t afford to reward these staffs. could really harm the mood or feeling of the employees towards the company.
Another drawback of this theory is some companies are trying to manipulate the staf
giving false praise in order to increase productivity. This would cause the employees to praised but in a wrong way. This method is unethical by the manager or company.
The next drawback is some employees might feel that they are being bribe to inc You're Reading a Preview production. Some employees want to do it their own way and not being forced with rewa Unlock full access with a free trial.
praises; they just want to pass their days and get their basic wages. This human relation can cause these people to feel that Download they are being to do their work or push them to With bribe Free Trial harder.
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Conclusion
Human Relation Theory is a widely used theory up till today. I believe that if hu
relation theory was not theorize, the work environment we have now would be chaos and
no universal way of realizing the importance of relationship, feelings and understan towards employees.
I have learnt a lot in this assignment and of cause it is one of the hardest assignments
done. There were no assignment in the past that required us to write up to 2000 words but
glad I hit the target of 2000 plus words in this assignment. I have never knew that just motiv employees to work as taken Elton Mayo years to find out. I will be looking forward to other theory that is similar to this Human Relation Theory and to learn more about it.
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Bibliography
Elton Mayo, Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elton_May
Hawthorne effect, Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawthorne_Studies
The Hawthorne Effect - Mayo Studies in Employee Motivation, Retrieved March 10, from http://www.envisionsoftware.com/articles/Hawthorne_Effect.html
Human Relation, Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.answers.com/topic/hum relations
A New Vision, Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.library.hbs.edu/hc/hawthorne/anewvision.html#e
Motivation Theory, Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://tutor2u.net/business/gcse/people_motivation_theories.htm
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Appendix
From http://www.vectorstudy.com/management_gurus/elton_mayo.htm Retrieved, March You're Reading a Preview 2011 Unlock full access with a free trial.
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From http://www.library.hbs.edu/hc/hawthorne/03.html#three Retrieved March 10, 2011
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From http://www.library.hbs.edu/hc/hawthorne/06.html#six Retrieved Match 10, 2011
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