SAP MM Introduction SAP R/3 has a highly integrated Production Planning System. The PP module is divided into two Submodules, 'PP-PI' and 'Production General'. PP-PI sub-module is designed for process industries like Oil and Gas. The Production Planning module of SAP takes care of Master data needed like Bill Of Materials, Routings and Work Centers and stores it in one separate component. Various stages of the planning system can be planned by using components like
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Sales and Operation Planning Long Term Planning Demand Management Materials Requirement Planning
SAP has distinguished various styles of production like Kanban, Repetitive Manufacturing and Production Order processing. It can take care of various planning strategies like 'Make-to-stock', 'make-to-order', 'planning without final assembly' etc. SAP R/3 PP module can also plan Capacity. The capacity Planning sub-module takes into account various capacities like pooled capacity etc. Production Orders reporting has flexibility of confirming orders with or without backflush. The material can be staged to production site from the Warehouse after releasing the order. Costing can be triggered automatically by integrating the module with the Cost Accounting Module. Integration with other modules like Material management, Financial Accounting, Cost Accounting, Human Resources & Development, Sales and Distribution etc adds on to reliability of the production planning system in SAP R/3. The system is a real time system. The changes in demand (cancelled or added sales order etc) and supply (high/low rejection, early/late supply from supplier, breakdown of facilities etc) are reflected in real time and the production controller can react fast to these changes. SAP R/3 PP module is a very effective tool for production planning. As it gives many alternatives, it must be configured correctly to reach optimum utilization. Print Shop Papers - Configure new / existing SAP Printers SAP control the printing of shop floor papers by SAP users name. Do not be alarm if you get an error message stating that the print form was not found. The SAP users name have not been configure to print the shop floor papers. If you want to use a new shop floor papers you first have to design a new :1. Layout set Copy the standard layout set as a reference (for example PSFC_STD_LAYOUT) to a e.g. ZPSFC_STD_LAY01. 2. Write a new print report Copy the print program that belongs to the standard layout set (for example, PSFCCONF) to a e.g ZPSFCCONF01. Steps to configure the Print Shop Papers :Transaction OPK8 To add-in an additional users to print the shop papers :-
Click the Spool parameters for user The control are Plant and User Login name. Listed in the Spool parameters for user are all the user names that are allowed to print the shop papers.
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Double click on the user name that are allowed to print the shop papers. Here you tick on the Print column the Print Shop Paper Layout that will be used. You can specify the default printer if you want. To print immediately, just tick the Immed. column.
To modify the existing Layout sets :Click the Reference Order Type
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Next Select the Production Order type by clicking the button next to the Production Order type. Next Click the Form on the left screen Here you specify the Layout Sets that will be used.
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To modify the existing Program control for the Layout sets :Click the Reference Order Type
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Next Select the Production Order type by clicking the button next to the Production Order type. Next Click the Print programs on the left screen Here you specify the program the will be used to print the Layout Sets. o The control is by RefOrType, List and Report Name
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All transaction are stored in table TSTC. Transaction for MM module start with M. IH09 - Display Material MM01 - Create Material MM02 - Change Material MM03 - Display Material MM50 - List Extendable Materials MMBE - Stock Overview MMI1 - Create Operating Supplies MMN1 - Create Non-Stock Material MMS1 - Create Service MMU1 - Create Non-Valuated Material ME51N - Create Purchase Requisition ME52N - Change Purchase Requisition ME53N - Display Purchase Requisition ME5A - Purchase Requisitions: List Display ME5J - Purchase Requisitions for Project ME5K - Requisitions by Account Assignment MELB - Purch. Transactions by Tracking No. ME56 ME57 ME58 ME59
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Assign Source to Purch. Requisition Assign and Process Requisitions Ordering: Assigned Requisitions Automatic Generation of POs
ME54 - Release Purchase Requisition ME55 - Collective Release of Purchase Reqs.
ME5F - Release Reminder: Purch. Requisition MB21 MB22 MB23 MB24 MB25
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Create Reservation Change Reservation Display Reservation Reservations by Material Reservations by Account Assignment
MB1C - Other Goods Receipts MB90 - Output Processing for Mat. Documents MB21 MB22 MB23 MB24 MB25
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Create Reservation Change Reservation Display Reservation Reservations by Material Reservations by Account Assignment
MBRL - Return Delivery per Mat. Document MB1C - Other Goods Receipts MB90 - Output Processing for Mat. Documents MB1B - Transfer Posting MIBC - ABC Analysis for Cycle Counting MI01 - Create Physical Inventory Document MI02 - Change Physical Inventory Document MI03 - Display Physical Inventory Document MI31 - Batch Input: Create Phys. Inv. Doc. MI32 - Batch Input: Block Material MI33 - Batch Input: Freeze Book Inv.Balance MICN - Btch Inpt:Ph.Inv.Docs.for Cycle Ctng MIK1 - Batch Input: Ph.Inv.Doc.Vendor Cons. MIQ1 - Batch Input: PhInvDoc. Project Stock MI01 - Create Physical Inventory Document MI02 - Change Physical Inventory Document MI03 - Display Physical Inventory Document MI31 - Batch Input: Create Phys. Inv. Doc. MI32 - Batch Input: Block Material MI33 - Batch Input: Freeze Book Inv.Balance MICN - Btch Inpt:Ph.Inv.Docs.for Cycle Ctng MIK1 - Batch Input: Ph.Inv.Doc.Vendor Cons. MIQ1 - Batch Input: PhInvDoc. Project Stock MI01 - Create Physical Inventory Document MI02 - Change Physical Inventory Document MI03 - Display Physical Inventory Document MI31 - Batch Input: Create Phys. Inv. Doc. MI32 - Batch Input: Block Material MI33 - Batch Input: Freeze Book Inv.Balance MICN - Btch Inpt:Ph.Inv.Docs.for Cycle Ctng MIK1 - Batch Input: Ph.Inv.Doc.Vendor Cons. MIQ1 - Batch Input: PhInvDoc. Project Stock MI21 - Print physical inventory document MI04 MI05 MI06 MI09 MI34
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Enter Inventory Count with Document Change Inventory Count Display Inventory Count Enter Inventory Count w/o Document Batch Input: Enter Count
MI35 MI38 MI39 MI40
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Batch Batch Batch Batch
Input: Input: Input: Input:
Post Zero Stock Balance Count and Differences Document and Count Doc., Count and Diff.
MI08 - Create List of Differences with Doc. MI10 - Create List of Differences w/o Doc. MI20 - Print List of Differences MI11 - Physical Inventory Document Recount MI07 - Process List of Differences MI37 - Batch Input: Post Differences CT01 - Create Characteristic CT02 - Change Characteristic CT03 - Display Characteristic CL01 - Create Class CL02 - Classes CL03 - Display Class CL04 - Delete Class CL2B - Class Types How to create the new Unit of Measurement? The Path(to create UOM) is as follows: SPRO--->General Settings--->Check Uuits of Measurements in Check units of measurements you need to define Dimension, ISO Code, Units of measurement.
Important MM Tcodes1 ME01 Maintain Source List ME03 Display Source List ME04 Changes to Source List ME05 Generate Source List ME06 Analyze Source List ME07 Reorganize Source List ME08 Send Source List ME0M Source List for Material ME11 Create Purchasing Info Record ME12 Change Purchasing Info Record ME13 Display Purchasing Info Record ME14 Changes to Purchasing Info Record ME15 Flag Purch. Info Rec. for Deletion ME16 Purchasing Info Recs. for Deletion ME17 Archive Info Records ME18 Send Purchasing Info Record ME1A Archived Purchasing Info Records ME1B Redetermine Info Record Price ME1E Quotation Price History ME1L Info Records Per Vendor ME1M Info Records per Material ME1P Purchase Order Price History ME1W Info Records Per Material Group ME1X Buyer's Negotiation Sheet for Vendor ME1Y Buyer's Negotiat. Sheet for Material ME21 Create Purchase Order ME21N Create Purchase Order
ME22 Change Purchase Order ME22N Change Purchase Order ME23 Display Purchase Order ME23N Display Purchase Order ME24 Maintain Purchase Order Supplement ME25 Create PO with Source Determination ME26 Display PO Supplement (IR) ME27 Create Stock Transport Order ME28 Release Purchase Order ME29N Release purchase order ME2A Monitor Confirmations ME2B POs by Requirement Tracking Number ME2C Purchase Orders by Material Group ME2J Purchase Orders for Project ME2K Purch. Orders by Account Assignment ME2L Purchase Orders by Vendor ME2M Purchase Orders by Material ME2N Purchase Orders by PO Number ME2O SC Stock Monitoring (Vendor) ME2S Services per Purchase Order ME2V Goods Receipt Forecast ME2W Purchase Orders for Supplying Plant ME308 Send Contracts with Conditions ME31 Create Outline Agreement ME31K Create Contract ME31L Create Scheduling Agreement ME32 Change Outline Agreement ME32K Change Contract ME32L Change Scheduling Agreement ME33 Display Outline Agreement ME33K Display Contract ME33L Display Scheduling Agreement ME34 Maintain Outl. Agreement Supplement ME34K Maintain Contract Supplement ME34L Maintain Sched. Agreement Supplement ME35 Release Outline Agreement ME35K Release Contract ME35L Release Scheduling Agreement ME36 Display Agreement Supplement (IR) ME37 Create Transport Scheduling Agmt. ME38 Maintain Sched. Agreement Schedule ME39 Display Sched. Agmt. Schedule (TEST) ME3A Transm. Release Documentation Record ME3B Outl. Agreements per Requirement No. ME3C Outline Agreements by Material Group ME3J Outline Agreements per Project ME3K Outl. Agreements by Acct. Assignment ME3L Outline Agreements per Vendor ME3M Outline Agreements by Material ME3N Outline Agreements by Agreement No. ME3P Recalculate Contract Price ME3R Recalculate Sched. Agreement Price ME3S Service List for Contract ME41 Create Request For Quotation ME42 Change Request For Quotation ME43 Display Request For Quotation ME44 Maintain RFQ Supplement ME45 Release RFQ ME47 Create Quotation ME48 Display Quotation ME49 Price Comparison List ME4B RFQs by Requirement Tracking Number ME4C RFQs by Material Group
ME4L RFQs by Vendor ME4M RFQs by Material ME4N RFQs by RFQ Number ME4S RFQs by Collective Number ME51 Create Purchase Requisition ME51N Create Purchase Requisition ME52 Change Purchase Requisition ME52N Change Purchase Requisition ME52NB Buyer Approval: Purchase Requisition ME53 Display Purchase Requisition ME53N Display Purchase Requisition ME54 Release Purchase Requisition ME54N Release Purchase Requisition ME55 Collective Release of Purchase Reqs. ME56 Assign Source to Purch. Requisition ME57 Assign and Process Requisitions ME58 Ordering: Assigned Requisitions ME59 Automatic Generation of POs ME59N Automatic generation of POs ME5A Purchase Requisitions: List Display ME5F Release Reminder: Purch. Requisition ME5J Purchase Requisitions for Project ME5K Requisitions by Account Assignment ME5R Archived Purchase Requisitions ME5W Resubmission of Purch. Requisitions ME61 Maintain Vendor Evaluation ME62 Display Vendor Evaluation ME63 Evaluation of Automatic Subcriteria ME64 Evaluation Comparison ME65 Evaluation Lists ME6A Changes to Vendor Evaluation ME6B Display Vendor Evaln. for Material ME6C Vendors Without Evaluation ME6D Vendors Not Evaluated Since... ME6E Evaluation Records Without Weighting ME6F Print ME6G Vendor Evaluation in the Background ME6H Standard Analysis: Vendor Evaluation ME6Z Transport Vendor Evaluation Tables ME80 Purchasing Reporting ME80A Purchasing Reporting: RFQs ME80AN General Analyses (A) ME80F Purchasing Reporting: POs ME80FN General Analyses (F) ME80R Purchasing Reporting: Outline Agmts. ME80RN General Analyses (L,K) ME81 Analysis of Order Values ME81N Analysis of Order Values ME82 Archived Purchasing Documents ME84 Generation of Sched. Agmt. Releases ME84A Individual Display of SA Release ME85 Renumber Schedule Lines ME86 Aggregate Schedule Lines ME87 Aggregate PO History ME88 Set Agr. Cum. Qty./Reconcil. Date
Important MM Tcodes2 ME91 Purchasing Docs.: Urging/Reminding ME91A Urge Submission of Quotations ME91E Sch. Agmt. Schedules: Urging/Remind.
ME91F Purchase Orders: Urging/Reminders ME92 Monitor Order Acknowledgment ME92F Monitor Order Acknowledgment ME92K Monitor Order Acknowledgment ME92L Monitor Order Acknowledgment ME97 Archive Purchase Requisitions ME98 Archive Purchasing Documents ME99 Messages from Purchase Orders ME9A Message Output: RFQs ME9E Message Output: Sch. Agmt. Schedules ME9F Message Output: Purchase Orders ME9K Message Output: Contracts ME9L Message Output: Sched. Agreements MEAN Delivery Addresses MEB0 Reversal of Settlement Runs MEB1 Create Reb. Arrangs. (Subseq. Sett.) MEB2 Change Reb. Arrangs. (Subseq. Sett.) MEB3 Displ. Reb. Arrangs. (Subseq. Sett.) MEB4 Settlement re Vendor Rebate Arrs. MEB5 List of Vendor Rebate Arrangements MEB6 Busn. Vol. Data, Vendor Rebate Arrs. MEB7 Extend Vendor Rebate Arrangements MEB8 Det. Statement, Vendor Rebate Arrs. MEB9 Stat. Statement, Vendor Rebate Arrs. MEBA Comp. Suppl. BV, Vendor Rebate Arr. MEBB Check Open Docs., Vendor Reb. Arrs. MEBC Check Customizing: Subsequent Sett. MEBE Workflow Sett. re Vendor Reb. Arrs. MEBF Updating of External Busn. Volumes MEBG Chg. Curr. (Euro), Vend. Reb. Arrs. MEBH Generate Work Items (Man. Extension) MEBI Message, Subs.Settlem. - Settlem.Run MEBJ Recompile Income, Vendor Reb. Arrs. MEBK Message., Subs. Settlem.- Arrangment MEBM List of settlement runs for arrngmts MEBR Archive Rebate Arrangements MEBS Stmnt. Sett. Docs., Vend. Reb. Arrs. MEBT Test Data: External Business Volumes MEBV Extend Rebate Arrangements (Dialog) MECCP_ME2K For Requisition Account Assignment MEDL Price Change: Contract MEI1 Automatic Purchasing Document Change MEI2 Automatic Document Change MEI3 Recompilation of Document Index MEI4 Compile Worklist for Document Index MEI5 Delete Worklist for Document Index MEI6 Delete purchasing document index MEI7 Change sales prices in purch. orders MEI8 Recomp. doc. index settlement req. MEI9 Recomp. doc. index vendor bill. doc. MEIA New Structure Doc.Ind. Cust. Sett. MEIS Data Selection: Arrivals MEK1 Create Conditions (Purchasing) MEK2 Change Conditions (Purchasing) MEK3 Display Conditions (Purchasing) MEK31 Condition Maintenance: Change MEK32 Condition Maintenance: Change MEK33 Condition Maintenance: Change MEK4 Create Conditions (Purchasing) MEKA Conditions: General Overview MEKB Conditions by Contract MEKC Conditions by Info Record MEKD Conditions for Material Group
MEKE Conditions for Vendor MEKF Conditions for Material Type MEKG Conditions for Condition Group MEKH Market Price MEKI Conditions for Incoterms MEKJ Conditions for Invoicing Party MEKK Conditions for Vendor Sub-Range MEKL Price Change: Scheduling Agreements MEKLE Currency Change: Sched. Agreements MEKP Price Change: Info Records MEKPE Currency Change: Info Records MEKR Price Change: Contracts MEKRE Currency Change: Contracts MEKX Transport Condition Types Purchasing MEKY Trnsp. Calc. Schema: Mkt. Pr. (Pur.) MEKZ Trnsp. Calculation Schemas (Purch.) MELB Purch. Transactions by Tracking No. MEMASSIN Mass-Changing of Purch. Info Records MEMASSPO Mass Change of Purchase Orders MEMASSRQ Mass-Changing of Purch. Requisitions MENU_MIGRATION Menu Migration into New Hierarchy MEPA Order Price Simulation/Price Info MEPB Price Info/Vendor Negotiations MEPO Purchase Order MEQ1 Maintain Quota Arrangement MEQ3 Display Quota Arrangement MEQ4 Changes to Quota Arrangement MEQ6 Analyze Quota Arrangement MEQ7 Reorganize Quota Arrangement MEQ8 Monitor Quota Arrangements MEQB Revise Quota Arrangement MEQM Quota Arrangement for Material MER4 Settlement re Customer Rebate Arrs. MER5 List of Customer Rebate Arrangements MER6 Busn. Vols., Cust. Reb. Arrangements MER7 Extension of Cust. Reb. Arrangements MER8 Det. Statement: Cust. Rebate Arrs. MER9 Statement: Customer Reb. Arr. Stats. MERA Comp. Suppl. BV, Cust. Rebate Arrs. MERB Check re Open Docs. Cust. Reb. Arr. MERE Workflow: Sett. Cust. Rebate Arrs. MEREP_EX_REPLIC SAP Mobile: Execute Replicator MEREP_GROUP SAP Mobile: Mobile Group MEREP_LOG SAP Mobile: Activity Log MEREP_MIG SAP Mobile: Migration MEREP_MON SAP Mobile: Mobile Monitor MEREP_PD SAP Mobile: Profile Dialog MEREP_PURGE SAP Mobile: Purge Tool MEREP_SBUILDER SAP Mobile: SyncBO Builder MEREP_SCENGEN SAP Mobile: SyncBO Generator MERF Updating of External Busn. Volumes MERG Change Curr. (Euro) Cust. Reb. Arrs. MERH Generate Work Items (Man. Extension) MERJ Recomp. of Income, Cust. Reb. Arrs. MERS Stmnt. Sett. Docs. Cust. Reb. Arrs. MEU0 Assign User to User Group MEU2 Perform Busn. Volume Comp.: Rebate MEU3 Display Busn. Volume Comp.: Rebate MEU4 Display Busn. Volume Comp.: Rebate MEU5 Display Busn. Volume Comp.: Rebate MEW0 Procurement Transaction MEW1 Create Requirement Request MEW10 Service Entry in Web
MEW2 Status Display: Requirement Requests MEW3 Collective Release of Purchase Reqs. MEW5 Collective Release of Purchase Order MEW6 Assign Purchase Orders WEB MEW7 Release of Service Entry Sheets MEW8 Release of Service Entry Sheet MEW9 mew9 MEWP Web based PO MEWS Service Entry (Component) ME_SWP_ALERT Display MRP Alerts (Web) ME_SWP_CO Display Purchasing Pricing (Web) ME_SWP_IV Display Settlement Status (Web) ME_SWP_PDI Display Purchase Document Info (Web) ME_SWP_PH Display Purchasing History (Web) ME_SWP_SRI Display Schedule Releases (Web) ME_WIZARD ME: Registration and Generation
Common Tables used by SAP MM Below are few important Common Tables used in Materials Management Modules: EINA Purchasing Info Record- General Data EINE Purchasing Info Record- Purchasing Organization Data MAKT Material Descriptions MARA General Material Data MARC Plant Data for Material MARD Storage Location Data for Material MAST Material to BOM Link MBEW Material Valuation MKPF Header- Material Document MSEG Document Segment- Material MVER Material Consumption MVKE Sales Data for materials RKPF Document Header- Reservation T023 Mat. groups T024 Purchasing Groups T156 Movement Type T157H Help Texts for Movement Types MOFF Lists what views have not been created A501 Plant/Material EBAN Purchase Requisition EBKN Purchase Requisition Account Assignment EKAB Release Documentation EKBE History per Purchasing Document EKET Scheduling Agreement Schedule Lines EKKN Account Assignment in Purchasing Document EKKO Purchasing Document Header EKPO Purchasing Document Item IKPF Header- Physical Inventory Document ISEG Physical Inventory Document Items LFA1 Vendor Master (General section) LFB1 Vendor Master (Company Code) NRIV Number range intervals RESB Reservation/dependent requirements T161T Texts for Purchasing Document Types
Following are the list of Important MM tables. Please check if its useful. Inventory Management: |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------|
| | Table | Description | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| | Material | MSEG | Material document / transaction details | | Document/Movements | MKPF | Material document header information | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| | Material Stock Balances | MARD | Material stock | | | MBEW | Material stock with valuation | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| | Sales Order Stock | MSKA | Stock balance with associated sales | | | | order data | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| | Stock Transport | EKUB | Index for Stock Transport Orders for | | | MDUB | Material | | | | Reading View of Stock Transport Ord. for| | | | Release Ord. | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| | Special Stocks | MKOL | Consignment, material provided to | | | | vendor, etc. | |-------------------------+-------+-----------------------------------------| Material Master Data: |-------------------------+--------+--------------------------------------| | |Table | Description | |-------------------------+--------+--------------------------------------| | Materials | MARA | General Data, material type, group, | | | | configurable & batch ind. | | | MAKT | Short Texts, descriptions | | | MARM | Conversion Factors | | | MVKE | Sales Org, distribution channel | | | MLAN | Sales data, tax indicator, tax | | | MARC | classification |
| | MBEW | Plant Planning Data | | | MLGN | Valuation Data | | | MLGT | Warehouse Management Inventory Data | | | MVER | Warehouse Management Storage Type | | | MAPR | Data | | | MARD | Consumption Data | | | MCHA | Pointer for Forecast Data | | | MCHB | Storage location data with stock | | | | balances | | | | Batches | | | | Batch Stocks | |-------------------------+--------+--------------------------------------|
Diff. Between Client , Purchasing Org , Plant , Company cd What is the technical difference between Client , Purchasing Org , Plant , Company code? Client : Unit within SAP system, self-contained, separate master data with independent set of tables. It represent corporate group. Company Code : Smallest organisational unit of external account for which a complete, selfcontained bookkeeping system can be replicated. eg, company within a corporate group. Plant : An organisational unit within logistics, subdivides an enterprise from the viewpoint of production, procurement and materials planning. Purchasing Org : Organisation within logistics which subdivides an enterprise according to purchasing requirements. The procurement business process uses this organisational structure: Client--->Company Code--->Plant--->Storage Location--->Purchasing Org/ Purchasing group SAP MM Tips by : Mabaile Mashao The standard procedure for creating a new plant in SAP: SPRO -> Enterprise Structure -> Logistics - General -> Define, copy, delete, check plant Maintain relation between Alternatives Materials How to maintain the relation between the alternatives in SAP? How the MRP considers the quantity of each alternative for the MRP calculation? You can have 2 options:
1) Create only one generic material in your system and while placing orders for different equivalent materials, mention the equivalent product name in the vendor info record Under vendor prwhich will get copied to Purchase order. Thus in your system you will have only one material. 2) If this is not suitable for you, than you can configure Manufacturer Part Number functionality. Option No 1 . Pl take this scenario of a Chemical co. Step 1 - Creation of Material in SAP Genaric Material Vendor (Silicon Surfactant) Alt.Material 1 Vendor X Alt.Material 2 Vendor Y Alt.Material 3 Vendor Z In this case, you will create material in SAP as Silicon Surfactant. This material will be used in BOM. You will not create 3 different alt.materials like Material 1,2 and 3 in system. Step 2 - Vendor Inforecord will have Vendor Material No i.e Material 1 etc. Thus whenever you will print PO, PO will be printed with reference to your internal SAP material no i.e of Silicon Surfactant and will also have vendor material no. If you want only Vendor material to be printed then you have change the print format. Thus for MRP, only 1 material will be cionsidered. Hope this is clear. Option No2 -Manufacturer's Part Number Step 1 In customisng under Lo General - Material Master - You have to create a MPN profile. Step 2 Create normal material under material type ROH or Traded as required. Under purchasing tab , maintain MPN Profile,Manufacturer's part number(Vendor material number) and Manufacturer's code. (Vendor Code) This is a material in which you will maintain stock, use in BOM etc. This is your internal material number. This number will not be used in the PO. Step 3 Create a new material each for your alternative materials under Material type HERS. Under this you will create material which is supplied by your vendor.In this material you will link the internal material number as created in step 2 above. Step 4 Create a PO by using material number created under material type HERS. Step 5 - Do a GRN MPN process works like this : Order is created for HERS material but whenever you will do GR against this PO, stock and other reports will get updated under material code created in step 2 i.e normal material created under material type ROH or traded. Thus HERS material is used only for ordering purpose.
Allowing Negative stocks In order to use negative stocks, you have to allow negative stock in customizing. Only those materials for which negative stocks is activated in the material master, will be allowed to have negative stocks. Customizing: transaction OMJ1 - Allowing Negative Stocks. First level: Valuation area. Choose for which valuation area you want to allow negative stocks and activate the flag. Select the line of that valuation area and go to the plant level. Second level: Plant. When only one plant exists for that valuation area (this will always be the case in case the valuation area is defined as a plant), you see immediately a details screen with special stocks. Choose the special stocks that may go negative. Next use F3 or the green arrow to return to the overview of the plants. Select the plant and go the the storage location level. Third level: Storage Locations. Select for which storage locations negative stock is allowed. Save the whole lot. Negative stock will now be allowed in the selected storage locations for all materials that have the negative stock indicator activated in the material master in the storage 2 view.
Controlling the Fields in Material Master Define whether a field is hidden or displayed, or whether an entry is mandatory or optional in material master maintenance by assigning the field to a field selection group in OMSR. Each field selection group has a number between 1 and 240. The values of the field selection groups have been preassigned as follows: 001-110 111-120 121-150 151-210 211-240
Material master for industry Reserved for customers (except where the values are already in use) Material master for industry Material master for retail Reserved for customers
Create and maintain field references (OMS9). All the fields in the same fields group will have the same field selection option. (hide, display, required entry, or optional entry) You can see where a field reference is used by choosing Where-used list. Define or change the field references as required (except for field references with the prefix SAP which must not be changed). New field references must begin with Y or Z. Changing the Field Selection Options for a Field Selection Group
1. Specify the field selection group . 2. Select the field selection option (hide, display, required entry, or optional entry) for each field reference as required. 3. Save. Creating a Field Reference 1. 2. 3. 4.
Choose New entries. Specify a field reference beginning with Y or Z. Select the field selection option for each field selection group as required. Save.
Changing a Field Reference 1. Double-click the relevant field reference. 2. Change the field selection option for each field selection group as required. 3. Save. Define industry sectors and industry-sector-specific field selection in OMS3. Define plant-specific field selection and screen selection in OMSA.
Business process The materaial status is very useful if you want to block the material from being used at a certain business process. For example :You want to designate a material as a material to be discontinued. In the master record, you give the material a status whose parameters have the following settings: Parameters in transaction OMS4 (Double click the status line items for IMG Settings) : Purchasing "B" = error message MRP "A" = warning Inventory Management " " = no message If the material is used, this parameter assignment has the following effect: Purchasing You can perform no further purchasing function for the material; for example, you can enter no further purchase order for the material. In this instance, you are given a corresponding error message.
MRP If you plan requirements for the material, you are warned that the material is one to be discontinued.
Inventory Management You can continue to withdraw the material from stores; no message is given.
Control the Number Range Intervals for Material Master
You can define the Material Master Number Range in transaction MMNR. Click the button Groups to Maintain the Material Type Grouping. Below are those material type that have no number range groups. To assign a group, in the not assigned group, select the Material Type you want to group. Then tick the Group you want to assign and click the menu path Edit -> Assign Element Group. From the same screen, if you want a new number range intervals, click Group -> Insert Group. If you decided to used an external number range, goto transaction OMS2 and tick the field External no. assignment w/o check.
You have two ways of assigning number range : Internal number assignment In this case, a number within the number range interval allowed is assigned by the SAP R/3 System. External number assignment Here, the user assigns a number within the number range interval allowed. You can define the intervals for external number assignment numerically and alphanumerically.
You can assign one or more material types to each group. If you assign just one material type to a group, you can define both an internal and an external number range interval for the material type. If you group together more than one material type, you can define an internal and an external number range interval here too. This allows several material types to have the same number range intervals.
One Storage Location for Two Different Plant Can one storage location be extended to two different plants? Eg plant PPL01-- storage loc 1) sc01 2)sc02. Can another plant PPL02 have any of the storage locations of PPL01. You can duplicate a storage location identifier at different plants but each of those is a unique storage location. For example Plant = 0001 Storage location = S001 and Plant = 0002 Storage location = S001. Those two storage locations, both called S001, are totally separate unique storage locations. They just both happen to be named S001. Material is valued at the plant level therefore you cannot have a single storage location that spans two plants. A storage location has to be unique for a specific plant only. It cannot be common to two plants. You can use the same storage location number for two different plants and the system identifies them uniquely based on the plant/storage location combination. e.g (Storage location 01 in Plant Mumbai) and (Storage location 01 in Plant Bangalore). Just ask yourself a question:
Which plant will the material in a given storage location belong to when you take the inventory at plant level ? If physically you are using the same warehouse or godown for two different plants, still I am sure you are maintaining separate books for the inventory of each plant. These separate books are separate storage location in the system assigned to each plant though physically they are same. Configure the Storage Location: You can configure same store location for two diiferent plants: Display IMG----- >Enterprice structure---> Definition----->Maintain storage location Enter Storage Location for Each Material: In Transaction MMSC enter Material and Plant and click List extendable slocs only. Then enter sloc and save.
Delete storage location in material master Assuming that you have create a Material master in Plant : P001 and Storage location : 0001 and 0002. Later, you would like to delete storage location : 0002 in this Material master. In MM06 Enter Material number, plant and storage location. Press enter, and set the cross in front of storage location. Next, you need to run archiving to get it physically out of the SAP system. Displaying Material Flag of Deletion To list materials which are flagged for deletion, without any development work. Go to MB52 which is basically a stock report. In the "Settings" section, tick "Display Materials flagged for Deletion". It will give you the stocks of materials flagged for deletion.
Price Control V or S in material type When is it useful to use the price control V or S in Material Master ? Do I have to follow the SAP standard setting in the material type for the following material types:
- ROH(Raw materials) -> moving average price - HALB(Semifinished products) -> standard price - FERT(Finished products) -> standard price In which case and why is useful to change these standard setting in material type? What is difference between standard price and moving average price? When and how to use it?
Standard price are used for products that do not fluctuated frequently. It is usually used for finished or semi finished products. Moving average price are used mainly for raw materials that are purchased externally. The advantage of using moving average price for your raw materials is that your inventory costs will always reflect the current market cost. SAP strongly recommends that you do not select price control V for semi-finished products and finished products, because doing so will very easily cause the calculation of unrealistic valuation prices. SAP recommends: Price control V for raw materials and trading goods; price control S for semi-finished products and products. If you nevertheless select price control V, take care in the following situations: 1. Unrealistic prices occur if materials are produced and also retire during one period (that is, the inventory at the end of the period is smaller than the total of aquisitions from production orders) and if, in addition, several production orders belonging to a material were finished in this period, and the production order settlement calculates variances at the end of the period. Every single production order carries out an inventory coverage check and may therefore cause the moving average price to be changed. However, the individual production orders do not check whether the inventory available at the end of the period has already been debited by another production order. Example: on 20 workdays in the period, 1 piece of material xyz was produced for each day and delivered to the warehouse at a price of USD 1000. At the end of the period there is 1 piece at the warehouse. Since an activity price of a participating cost center was higher than planned , every single production order calculates cost of goods manufactured of USD 1100 during the settlement. Every single one carries out a inventory coverage check and finds out that the variance can be posted completely to the inventory. That is, the ending inventory of one piece is debited with USD 20 x 100 and it consequently receives a price of USD 3000. 1. A settlement is carried out although not all costs have yet been posted to the order. This can even result in a price of 0 for the delivered product. 2. No period check of the costs is carried out on the order, that is, costs from previous periods may be settled. 3. Settling orders is already possible in the 'Delivery completed' status. Solution: Standard price for products together with possible manual price changes. If you are required to valuate semi-finished and finished products with actual prices that correspond to the costs of the actual production, SAP recommends you use the function of the material ledger for this. Here, a periodic actual price is created that is calculated on a much more reliable basis than the moving average price. A so-called price limiter quantity is used which makes sure that in the above example price differences are proportionally taken into account (95% of the total price differences) when valuating the 19 pieces withdrawn from material xyz which results in a periodic actual price of 1100 USD. In addition, it is possible as of Release 4.5 to even take into account the variances of the actual prices of the raw materials in the valuation of the semi-finished and finished products that are manufactured from it. If we select std price for any type of material or mav and then make po, it will pick from material master or what? The Purchase Info Record have the FIRST priority. When no po info record is found, the Purchase Order will pick the user LAST enter price. The PO module do not pick up any price from material master.
SAP Split Valuation for Materials The SAP R/3 System allows you to valuate stocks of a material either together or separately, that is, according to different valuation criteria. Split valuation is necessary if, for example:
1. Stock from in-house production has a different valuation price than externally procured stock. 2. Stock obtained from one manufacturer is valuated at a different price than stock obtained from another manufacturer. 3. Different batch stocks of a material have different valuation prices. 4. Value damaged and repair part differently from a new part. To used split valuation, you have to activate it using 'OMW0'. To change split material valuation once it has been set, you must 1. 2. 3. 4.
first post out all stocks (for example, to a cost center or with movement type 562) then change the control parameters if necessary, change the automatic account determination finally post the stocks back in again
In split valuation, you can distinguish between partial stocks of a material according to certain criteria and valuate them separately. The material stock is divided according to valuation category and valuation type. The valuation category determines how the partial stocks are divided, that is, according to which criteria. The valuation type describes the characteristics of the individual stocks. With the function "Setting" you can determine: which which which which
valuation valuation valuation valuation
categories exist in your company (global categories) types exist in your company (global types) types belong to which valuation category categories exist in a valuation area (local categories)
Your entries are only relevant if you set split valuation as active in the function "Global settings". In the standard SAP R/3 System, the following valuation categories are default settings : B procurement type with the valuation types: "EIGEN" for in-house production "FREMD" for external procurement H Origin X automatic valuation (only for batch) To select split valuation ('OMWC'), proceed as follows: 1. Determine the valuation categories and valuation types that are allowed for all valuation areas: global valuation categories via menu "Goto --> Global Categories" global valuation types via menu "Goto --> Global Types"
2. Allocate the valuation types to the valuation categories. a) Select "Goto --> Global Categories". b) Position the cursor on a valuation category and select "Goto --> Global Categories --> Assignments --> 'Types->Category'". c) Activate the valuation types you want. 3. Determine the local valuation categories for each valuation area. a) Select "Goto --> Local definitions". b) Position the cursor on a valuation area and select "Goto --> Local Definitions --> Allocate Categoires->Org.units (button Cats->(OU)". You obtain a list of the global valuation categories. c) Activate the categories to be used in this valuation area. The system creates the local valuation types based on the allocations under point 2. Only now can you create a master record with split valuation. Specifying Split Valuation by creating Material Subject to Split Valuation 1. Create a material master record, selecting the Accounting View 1. 2. Enter your data as required on the Accounting data screen, specifying a valuation category. (If you can't find the valuation category field, it might be hidden, use OMSR to define the Field Groups. Look for the field MBEW-BWTTY for Valuation category). 3. Be sure that the price control indicator is V for moving average price and enter a moving average price. 4. In the case of split valuation, you can create only one valuation header record with price control V because the individual stock values are cumulated, and this total value is written to the valuation header record. This is where the individual stocks of a material are managed cumulatively. To do this, fill in the Valuation category field on the accounting screen when you create the material master record and leave the Valuation type field blank. 5. Save your data and the system creates the valuation header record. 6. The initial screen appears. 7. Extend the material by creating new material master records from the Accounting view 1. For the first material, specify a valuation type in the Organizational Levels dialog box and enter the respective accounting data on the data screen. Proceed likewise for the other materials, distinguishing between them by valuation type. To do this, call up the material in creation mode again. Due to the fact that a valuation header record exists, the system requires you to enter a valuation type for the valuation category. 8. Repeat step seven for every valuation type planned. You want to valuate the stock of material XYZ that you obtain from manufacturer A in Los Angeles at a different price than the stock you obtain from manufacturer B in Detroit. In this case, the valuation category is H for origin. Your valuation types can be LOS ANGELES and DETROIT. If a material is subject to split valuation, every quantity (sub-stock) of this material must be assigned to a valuation type (for example, country of origin). For every valuation type, there are two types of data in the system, as follows: Valuation data (for example, valuation price, total stock quantity, total stock value), which is defined for every valuation type at valuation-area level and applies to all dependent storage locations. Stock data, which, like batch data, is managed separately for each storage location. If a material that is subject to split valuation is also subject to management in batches, its stock data is not managed by valuation type, but rather by batch. Every batch is assigned to a valuation type.
The stock quantity, stock value, and valuation price for all valuation types are managed cumulatively at valuation-area level. Must the Valuation Type Exist Before the First Goods Receipt? You can post the goods receipt of material of a certain valuation type only if the valuation data for this valuation type already exists, because the system valuates the goods receipt at the price defined in the valuation data. On the other hand, the stock data for the valuation type is created automatically during the first goods receipt into the storage location, if this is defined in Customizing for Inventory Management. Goods Movements with Materials Subject to Split Valuation If you want to enter goods movements for materials subject to split valuation, you must enter the valuation type in addition to the material number. Enter the valuation type in the Batch field for MB01. In MIGO, there is a valuation type field in Detail data -> Material.
Changing the Material Valuation Types The SAP R/3 System allows you to valuate stocks of a material either together or separately, that is, according to different valuation criteria. Split valuation is necessary if, for example: 1. Stock from in-house production has a different valuation price than externally procured stock. 2. Stock obtained from one manufacturer is valuated at a different price than stock obtained from another manufacturer. 3. Different batch stocks of a material have different valuation prices. 4. Value damaged and repair part differently from a new part. To used split valuation, you have to activate it using 'OMW0'. To change split material valuation once it has been set, you must 1. 2. 3. 4.
first post out all stocks (for example, to a cost center or with movement type 562) then change the control parameters if necessary, change the automatic account determination finally post the stocks back in again
In split valuation, you can distinguish between partial stocks of a material according to certain criteria and valuate them separately. The material stock is divided according to valuation category and valuation type. The valuation category determines how the partial stocks are divided, that is, according to which criteria. The valuation type describes the characteristics of the individual stocks. With the function "Setting" you can determine: which valuation categories exist in your company (global categories) which valuation types exist in your company (global types)
which valuation types belong to which valuation category which valuation categories exist in a valuation area (local categories) Your entries are only relevant if you set split valuation as active in the function "Global settings". In the standard SAP R/3 System, the following valuation categories are default settings : B procurement type with the valuation types: "EIGEN" for in-house production "FREMD" for external procurement H Origin X automatic valuation (only for batch) To select split valuation ('OMWC'), proceed as follows: 1. Determine the valuation categories and valuation types that are allowed for all valuation areas: global valuation categories via menu "Goto --> Global Categories" global valuation types via menu "Goto --> Global Types" 2. Allocate the valuation types to the valuation categories. a) Select "Goto --> Global Categories". b) Position the cursor on a valuation category and select "Goto --> Global Categories --> Assignments --> 'Types->Category'". c) Activate the valuation types you want. 3. Determine the local valuation categories for each valuation area. a) Select "Goto --> Local definitions". b) Position the cursor on a valuation area and select "Goto --> Local Definitions --> Allocate Categoires->Org.units (button Cats>(OU)". You obtain a list of the global valuation categories. c) Activate the categories to be used in this valuation area. The system creates the local valuation types based on the allocations under point 2. Only now can you create a master record with split valuation. Specifying Split Valuation by creating Material Subject to Split Valuation 1. Create a material master record, selecting the Accounting View 1. 2. Enter your data as required on the Accounting data screen, specifying a valuation category. (If you can't find the valuation category field, it might be hidden, use OMSR to define the Field Groups. Look for the field MBEW-BWTTY for Valuation category). 3. Be sure that the price control indicator is V for moving average price and enter a moving average price. 4. In the case of split valuation, you can create only one valuation header record with price control V because the individual stock values are cumulated, and this total value is written to the valuation header record. This is where the individual stocks of a material are managed cumulatively. To do this, fill in the Valuation category field on the accounting screen when you create the material master record and leave the Valuation type field blank. 5. Save your data and the system creates the valuation header record. 6. The initial screen appears. 7. Extend the material by creating new material master records from the Accounting view 1. For
the first material, specify a valuation type in the Organizational Levels dialog box and enter the respective accounting data on the data screen. Proceed likewise for the other materials, distinguishing between them by valuation type. To do this, call up the material in creation mode again. Due to the fact that a valuation header record exists, the system requires you to enter a valuation type for the valuation category. 8. Repeat step seven for every valuation type planned. You want to valuate the stock of material XYZ that you obtain from manufacturer A in Los Angeles at a different price than the stock you obtain from manufacturer B in Detroit. In this case, the valuation category is H for origin. Your valuation types can be LOS ANGELES and DETROIT. If a material is subject to split valuation, every quantity (sub-stock) of this material must be assigned to a valuation type (for example, country of origin). For every valuation type, there are two types of data in the system, as follows: Valuation data (for example, valuation price, total stock quantity, total stock value), which is defined for every valuation type at valuation-area level and applies to all dependent storage locations. Stock data, which, like batch data, is managed separately for each storage location. If a material that is subject to split valuation is also subject to management in batches, its stock data is not managed by valuation type, but rather by batch. Every batch is assigned to a valuation type. The stock quantity, stock value, and valuation price for all valuation types are managed cumulatively at valuation-area level. Must the Valuation Type Exist Before the First Goods Receipt? You can post the goods receipt of material of a certain valuation type only if the valuation data for this valuation type already exists, because the system valuates the goods receipt at the price defined in the valuation data. On the other hand, the stock data for the valuation type is created automatically during the first goods receipt into the storage location, if this is defined in Customizing for Inventory Management. Goods Movements with Materials Subject to Split Valuation If you want to enter goods movements for materials subject to split valuation, you must enter the valuation type in addition to the material number. Enter the valuation type in the Batch field for MB01. In MIGO, there is a valuation type field in Detail data -> Material.
Change Base Unit of Measure One raw material we assigned base unit of measure as OZ, later add alternate unit of measure as ML. Now I wanted to change the base unit to ML and alternaet to OZ. For that I deleted component from the BOM. Related PO's, Prd ord and demand are closed. Deleted the alternate unit from purchasing and plant/stock (Area were we assign the alternate unit), then try to change it giving message as Unit of measure ML used as alternate unit. (In additinal data screen still the alternate unit and conversion available) You can do the following procedure (after deleting the material in all concerened documents):
1. Delete the uom from Unit of issue field (General Plant Data / Storage 1) in MM if you have mentioned it there. 2. Go to additional data , use delete line tab and delete the conversion factor by keeping the cursor on that line. 3. Come to main data, now change the base unit of measure to the required one. 4. Then give the alternative unit of measure, system will ask for conversion factor. 5. Then save
SAP Batch Handling What is a batch no. of a materail? and where can we mention batch no for material? Can we maintain batch no in mm01 Tcode while creating material? In simple terms SAP Batch Handling means an additional keys fields for users to identify the same materials. For e.g. Normal Control : Plant + Material + Storage Location Batch Hanlding : Plant + Material + Storage Location + Batch Number The structure of the material master record allows you to manage stocks of a material by value at plant level or company-code level and by quantity down to storage-location level. Under certain conditions, you may need to make further subdivisions for a material and manage batches. Certain materials' features cannot always be guaranteed to be exactly alike in production. For example, you cannot guarantee that a certain color will always have the same shade. Minor differences between production lots cannot be avoided. You need to be able to uniquely identify the individual production lots of the same material and manage them separately in inventory. Materials that require such precise identification, for example pharmaceutical products, are identified and managed in stock not only according to material number, but also according to batch number. With batch handling, you can manage not only production lots from in-house production, but also production lots from vendors as separate entities. It is possible to supplement standard batch management with batch status management. What Is a Material Handled in Batches? Before you can manage batches of a material in stock, you must first specify in the material master record that the material is to be managed in batches for the specified plant. To do this, you must set the batch management requirement indicator in the material master record (for example, in the Purchasing view field MARA-XCHPF or Storage Location view field MARC-XCHPF). Whether the material is managed in batches: This indicator can be set while creating material. MM01 -- General Plant data/storage 1 View -- Batch Management (check box) (Check also Purchasing or Warehouse Mgmt 1 view). Level of Batch Number Assignment If a material is subject to management in batches, every quantity of that material must be assigned to a batch. Each batch of a material is identified by a unique batch number, under which it is managed. This number is either entered by the user (external number assignment) or assigned automatically by the system. You can define number assignment for batches at various levels:
- Uniquely at client level for a material - Uniquely at material level - Uniquely at plant level In the standard R/3 System, numbers are assigned to the individual materials at plant level. For every batch, there are two types of data: - General data on the batch (for example, shelf life expiry date, date of the last goods receipt), which is defined in the master batch. The master batch applies to all storage locations in which the batch is located. No stocks are managed at this level. - Stock data, which is managed separately for every storage location in which the batch is located. For example, if the batch C1 of a material is spread across two different storage locations, the stock quantity is tracked for each storage location. Must the Batch Exist Before the First Goods Receipt? Both the master batch and the stock data for the batch are created automatically during the first goods receipt. Thus, you do not need to create this data manually. However, if you want to define specific data for a batch, such as the shelf life expiration date, you have to manually maintain the batch data. What Sorts of Batch Stocks Are There? The following stocks are managed separately at batch level: - Unrestricted-use stock - Restricted-use stock - Quality inspection stock - Blocked stock - Stock in transfer - Blocked stock returns Working with Materials Handled in Batches When you enter goods movements for materials handled in batches, you must enter the batch number in addition to the material number. If you do not know the batch number, you can search for the batch using the required characteristics.
Config Setting In Batch Management This will help you for config setting: Logistics general - Batch Management
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Specify Batch Level Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Specify batch level and activate batch status management Transaction OMCT Batch Number - Activate Internal Number Assignment Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Number Assignment --> Activate internal batch number assignment Transaction OMCZ Batch Creation - for Goods Movements Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Creation of new batches --> Define batch creation for goods movements Transaction Characteristic Value Assignment -- Update Standard Characteristics Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Characteristic Value Assignment --> Update Standard Characteristics Transaction Activate Batch Classification for Goods Movements in Inventory Management Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Characteristic Value Assignment --> Valuation for goods movements --> Activate Batch Classification for goods movements in Inventory Management Transaction OMCV
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Batch Determination – Condition Table(Cross Client) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Condition Tables --> Define production order condition tables Transaction OPLB Batch Determination – Condition Table(Cross Client) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Condition Tables --> Define SD condition Tables Transaction V/C7 Batch Determination – Access Sequence(Cross Client) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Access Sequences --> Define Production Order Access Sequences Transaction OPLF Batch Determination – Access Sequence(Cross Client) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Access Sequences --> Define SD Access Sequences Transaction V/C2 Batch Determination – Strategy Types Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define Production Order Strategy Types Transaction OPLE Batch Determination – Strategy Types Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define SD Strategy Types Transaction V/C1 Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define IM Search Procedure Transaction OMCY Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define Production order Search Procedure Transaction OPLG Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define SD Search Procedure Transaction V/C3 Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Allocation Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Allocate IM search procedure/activate check Transaction OMCG Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Allocation Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Assign Search procedure to production order Transaction OPL8 Batch Determination – Batch Search Procedure Allocation(SD) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Allocate SD Search procedure Transaction V/C5 Batch Determination – Activate Automatic Batch Determination(SD) Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Activate Automatic Batch Determination in SD -->For delivery item categories Transaction V/CL Batch Determination – Batch Selection Class Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define Selection Classes Transaction CL01 Batch Determination – Sort Rule Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Batch Determination & Batch Check --> Define Sort Rules Transaction CU70 Batch Determination – Make Settings for Batch Where-used list Menu Path Enterprise Structure--> Logistics General--> Batch Management --> Make Settings for Batch Where-used list Transaction OMBB
Safety Stock Calculation in SAP
Let me try and explain to you through a mix of functional procedures and how SAP calculates the Safety Stock: In normal materials management there are basically 2 basic inventory management systems, the P system and the Q system. P system is a system wherein replenishment is done keeping the quantity constant. The period becomes the variant. In other words you fix the quantity you want the stock to dip, to trigger a requirement. As soon as the stock level is reached you replenish the stock. During a lean period the time taken to reach the level will be longer and during an active period the time taken to reach that stock could drop.This normally relates with your consumption based planning. Q system is a system wherein replenishment is done keeping the period constant. The quantity becomes the variant. In other words you will check for the level of stock at fixed time intervals (daily, weekly, monthly etc.) compare it with the requirements on that day and trigger the procurement process for replenishment.This normally relates with your MRP. Now there are 4 more factors that could affect the idealistic procurement pattern: 1. Ordering Lead-time. 2. Manufacuring Lead-time 3. Transporting Lead-time 4. Stock conversion Lead-time (or Quality Inspection lead time) A delay in any or all of the above can have effect on the entire replenishment process and the stock. A buffer stock must be designed to take into account the above coverage. Again the determination of your safety stock depends on the accuracy of your forecast. Higher your accuracy, lower your safety stock. This relationship between forecast accuracy and service level is denoted by factor R. This also takes into account that the customer demand cannot be always satisfied 100% of the time. Hence what we have is: R = Relationship between forecast accuracy and service level (Service Factor) W = Delivery time (in days) / Forecast Period (in days) MAD = Mean absolute deviation (parameter for forecast accuracy) Now If replenishment lead time is greater than the forecast period by factor W then: Safety Stock = R x Sq.rt. W x MAD Else Safety Stock = R x W x MAD Now in SAP If the material is produced in-house, the delivery time is: opening period + in-house production time + goods receipt processing time. It is expressed in workdays. The forecast period is taken from the material master record and is also expressed in workdays. If the material is procured externally, the delivery time is: Processing time for purchasing + planned delivery time + goods receipt processing time. It is expressed in calendar days. The forecast period is taken from the material master record and is also expressed in calendar days. As a result of this you will have observed now that the safety stock must cover both the unplanned material excess consumption, as well as the additional requirements caused by delayed deliveries. In SAP you can specify a minimum safety stock. If the result of the safety stock calulation by the system is lower than this limit, the safety stock is automatically set to this value. You enter the minimum safety stock in the material master record (MRP 2 screen). Safety Stock:
In IMG -> Materials Management -> consumption Based Planning -> Master Data -> Check MRP Types (transaction code OMDQ) you use the indicator Calculate Safety Stock so that system calculates the safety stock automatically. The safety stock can be calculated automatically for materials planned with one of the consumptionbased planning procedures if: 1. The service level has been maintained in the material master record. 2. Historical data exists 3. The forecast has been carried out for the material. Dynamic Safety Stock: If the option Define Range of coverage profiles is chosen in IMG (Tr.Code OM1A) you can determine a safety stock level that takes into account: 1. Requirements. 2. Range of coverage The limiting factors to the above are: 1. Maximum and minimum range of coverage ( defined period , that is month, week or PPC planning calendar) 2. Determination of various periods for the validity of the range of coverage. The system uses the formula: Dynamic safety stock = average daily requirements (ADR) x Range of coverage ADR = Requirements in the specific period / number of days in the total period length (defined period x standard days) Please note here that if you carry out the planning run even in the middle of the month the system will include even the requirements planned at the beginning of the month. Please also note that you can determine the range of coverage for a maximum of 3 periods. 1. Range of Coverage in the First Period 2. Range of Coverage in the second period 3. Range of coverage on the rest of the horizon However you have the option of maintaining different coverage for each of these periods. Based on your customization the system determines the number of days used for calculating your average daily requirement Minimum Stock Level (mSL) = ADR x minimum range of coverage Target Stock Level (Dynamic Safety Stock this is DSL) = ADR x Target range of coverage. Maximum Stock Level (MSL) = ADR x maximum range of coverage. Having confirmed the above, I will now try and explain through an example how the system calculates the Dynamic safety stock: Presume that the system has determined the ADR as 25 Kgs for a material. You have set the following in customizing:
Minimum Range of coverage = 2 days Target Range of coverage = 6 days Maximum Range of coverage = 10 days Now the System determines the following; mSL = 2*25 = 50 KGs DSL = 6*25 = 150 KGs MSL = 10*25 = 250 KGs This is what happens for various levels of stock Case 1: Stock = 45 Kgs System Activity = DSL - stock Procurement Proposal = 105 Kgs Case 2: Stock = 60 Kgs System Activity = DSL - stock Procurement Proposal = 90 Kgs Case 3: Stock = 155 Kgs System Activity = none Procurement Proposal = none Case 4: Stock = 255 Kgs System Activity = System checks whether the procurement proposal is firmed and if yes it displays an exception message. Also note that in the case of Time Phased materials planning The range of coverage is calculated differently.
SAP LIS - Wrong figures in Logistics Information System Warning - Please test it in developer first. Alert : It can result in data loss or inaccurate data in your LIS table if not done properly. This is bound to happened especially if the users made changes to the Purchase Order and you have set the online updates for your LIS. Fields like Material groups are consider keys fields and should not be change as it somehow impact the updates to LIS. If the figures are wrong for a particular period, you can do a reorganization for all the Purchase Order for the particular months. Assuming that you want to reorganize the whole S012. When you execute OLI3, it will locked any Purchase Order that it is processing. Therefore, it is advisable to run it during off office hours.
First Step :-
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OLI3 - Statistical setup of info structures from purchasing documents Info structure to be set up S012 Save under version &( Tick Delete/create indices Specify the Purchasing Documents or Document Date Name of run S012-1 Tick New run? Date of termination 99.99.9999 Time of termination 99:99:99 Tick Redetermine update group? Tick Update documents?
NPRT - Log for Setup of Statistical Data Final Step:OLIX - Copy/delete versions of an info structure First Screen
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Info structure S012 Processing type Copy + Delete
Second Screen
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Source version &( Untick Do not copy initial records Tick Reset target version Untick No automatic period conversion
Now, you can check the figures using transaction MCE5or any of the transaction that uses the table S012.
Conventional Versus Logistic Invoice Verification Logistics Invoice Verification [MIRO] was developed to take into account requirements that were technically not possible in the conventional Invoice Verification component, such as distributing MM and FI to separate systems. All the functions in conventional Invoice Verification are available in Logistics Invoice Verification. If required, you can use conventional Invoice Verification and Logistics Invoice Verification alongside each other. The following functions in conventional Invoice Verification are not possible in Logistics Invoice Verification: 1. Verification of invoices with no reference in the system to a purchase order or a goods receipt. 2. Posting directly to a G/L account, asset or material 3. Changing the account assignment in the purchase order 4. Simulation of documents Some new functions are only possible in Logistics Invoice Verification : 1. Unlimited multiple selection 2. Manual invoice reduction 3. Automatic invoice reduction 4. Invoice verification in the background 5. Verification of invoices with installment conditions. 6. Posting across company codes.
Two more things to note :1. Even though LIV can do posting across company codes it cannot do this if there is a variance. 2. LIV cannot operate when the PO is for a 'one time vendor'. These one time vendor purchase orders can only be matched using conventional invoice verification. Finally, Points 1 and 2 are possible in LIV but you need to change the configuration to allow posting direct to GL account.
Important Accounts for Invoice Verification When you post an invoice, the system selects the accounts to be posted. Account assignment is based partly on your entries when you create an invoice and partly on information stored in the system. Your entries provide the following information: - Is the invoice posted as a net or as a gross amount? - Which vendor account must be posted? - Which G/L accounts must be posted? - Which amounts must be posted? The material master record provides the following information: - Which valuation class does the material belong to? - What type of price control is the material subject to? - Which account must be posted for the material? - Is the stock available smaller than the quantity invoiced? Posted documents provide the following information: - What is the purchase order price? - Has there been a goods receipt for the purchase order? - To post invoices correctly, your system administrator must define the accounts in the chart of accounts and the actions to be taken for the different postings when the SAP system is being installed in your company. The SAP accounts are defined in a chart of accounts. The following accounts are particularly important for Invoice Verification: Vendor Accounts There is a separate account in the sub-ledger for each vendor that all amounts concerning this vendor are posted to . Making a posting to the vendor account is not the same as making a payment; payment is only made when the Financial Accounting department posts the vendor's payment to a bank account. Stock Accounts In the R/3 System, you do not set up a separate account for each material. Instead, different materials with similar features are grouped together in a common account (for example, raw materials: acids). The account relevant for a material is defined in the material master record when a material is created. The system only posts to the stock account when a price difference occurs for an invoice. GR/IR Clearing Accounts The GR/IR clearing account is an "intermediate" account between the stock account and the vendor account. At goods receipt, the net invoice amount expected is posted to the stock account. The offsetting entry is posted to the GR/IR clearing account. This posting is then cleared by an offsetting entry on the vendor account at invoice receipt. Tax Accounts The system makes postings to special tax accounts when invoices include tax.
Price Differences Accounts Price differences have to be posted to a price difference s account if price differences have occurred in an invoice and when invoices are posted net and no posting can be made to the stock account. Cash Discount Clearing Account When you post an invoice net, the cash discount amount is taken into account in the invoice, it reduces the value of the items; the offsetting posting is made to the cash discount clearing account, which is then cleared when payment is made. Freight Clearing Account The stock account is debited with the planned delivery costs at goods receipt and the system makes the offsetting posting to a freight clearing account. This posting is then cleared by an offsetting entry to the vendor account at invoice receipt.
Vendors Changing Vendor on Purchase Order One PO can not have different vendors. Its logical as one PO goes to one vendor with address. You cannot change the Vendor once you have saved the Purchase Order. SAP treats the Purchase Order as a legal document. Therefore, once the Purchase Order is saved, it will not let you change the vendor. You have to delete all the line items and then create another Purchase Order. However, if you are using Enjoy Purchase Order, you can "Hold" the Purchase Order rather than save it after you have create it, then you can change the vendor. Of course, this means that you don't have any output yet. Therefore, you are not bounds by a legal document as you have not given it to a specific supplier yet. Logically, you cannot change an important field after creating a document. It defeats the RDBMS principle, but you can change vendor while doing Invoice Verification. No, you cannot change vendor in released PO, because vendor registration carries some vital configuration information which decides pricing procedure for the items of the PO, logically due to this reasons system doen't allow to change vendor name once PO is released. Normal practise to come out for this routine problem in purchasing is solved by, simply delete this PO (By changing delivery as completed in PO) and make a new PO for these items. Eventually, you have only two options: 1. You can do the entire transaction with that wrong vendor number and after MIRO you can transfer post the vendor liability to correct vendor through FI route. BUT THIS IS A WRONG PRACTICE. 2. You need to cancel the PO which has wrong vendor number and create it again with correct vendor code. One Time Vendors One time vendors can only be used for specific vendor account groups. Their is a flag for each account group in configuation for this. If one does not exist you will have to create a new vendor account group. To create a One Time Vendor use XK01 and select the OTV account group.
When creating say a PO use your OTV account the transaction will prompt you for name, address etc (unlike a normal vendor). You experienced a problem with OTV's whereby users couldn't be bothered to create permanent vendors and just used the OTV account, so beware of that Sub Contracting Cycle (1) You have a material that can be procured externally, and you have maintained BOM with components. Any waste generated and received during subcontracting process can be maintained as component with negative quantity. (2) You create a subcontracting PO (PO with Item Category L). You can also maintain Purchase Info Record for Subcontract category for material and subcontractor. (3) You make a transfer posting to issue components for SC PO. Material is sent to subcontractor. As material remains under your ownership, system does not make any value entry. But quantity is shown as "Material Provided to Vendor" (4) You receive finished material against SC-PO. You also specify components consumed in manufacturing of finished goods. Additionally, if you have negative components in BOM, now you'll also receive subcontracting by-products. There are three events, so three accounting entries are generated: DR FG CR Change in (for finished goods received)
Stock/ Stock
SC (FG/
SC
DR Subcontracting CR GR/IR (for moneys payable to Subcontractor) DR Consumption CR Change in Stock (FG/ (material provided to Vendor is now charged to expense)
By-Product Stock By-Product )
Charges Clg
SC
(Components) By-Product )
(5) You do the IV for SC Invoice, and the process is complete. Subcontracting - Key Points Special Procurement Process. Item Order type: NB
category:
L
In info record vendor should be maintained as subcontractor. Vendor (Subcontractor) receives the components used to manufacture a finished product directly from your company or through third party. Your company should place a purchase order for the finished product. In this manually you can enter the required individual components or it can be determined via the explosion of BOM (if exists). Stock check at vendor level: ME2O Company stock check: MMBE
GR for individual components through movement type: 501 or 561 (if with out PO or without reference). GI to subcontracting vendor: through movement type 541. GR from sub contracting vendor: through movement Movement type 543 is displayed to cancel the material cost account.
type:
101
If the subcontracting order has to be generated through materials planning,the special procurement key has to be set in MRP 2 screen. Procedure for Setting Partner Functions The procedure for setting partner functions: Step Vendor Account IMG->LOGISTICS GENERAL->BUSINESS PARTNER->VENDOR->CONTROL ACCOUNT GROUPS AND FIELD SELECTION Step Defining Partner IMG->MATERIALS MANAGEMENT->PURCHASING->PARTNER >PARNER SETTINGS IN VENDOR ->DEFINE PARTNER SCHEMAS
1 Group ->DEFINE
2 Schemas -> DETERMINATION MASTER RECORD
Step 3 Assign Partner Schema IMG->MATERIAL MANAGEMENT->PURCHASING->PARTNER DETERMINATION->PARTNER SETTINGS IN VENDOR MASTER RECORD->DEFINE PARTNER SCHEMA „« THEN ASSIGN PARTNER SCHEMA Step Define Permissible Partner Role Per IMG->MATERIAL MANAGEMENT->PURCHASING->PARTNER >PARTNER ROLES ->DEFINE PERMISSION PARTNER ROLES
Account DETERMINATION
4 Group -
If you want a partner schema for your own document type then define your partner schema and assign to document type using the below mentioned path. IMG->MATERIAL MANAGEMENT->PURCHASING->PARTNER >PARTNER SETTINGS IN PURCHASING DOCUMENTS PARTNER SCHEMAS
->DETERMINATION ->DEFINE PERMISSION
And ASSIGN PARTNER SCHEMAS TO DOCUMENT TYPE
then
Once you have this configuration then you change your vendor in easy access menu (XK02-select partner function) define the partner roles What is Vendor Consignment? Consignment is a functionality in MM-PUR wherein you purchase materials from the vendor on a consignment-basis. When the delivery comes, the materials, though will be stored in your warehouse, are still legally owned by the vendor until they are consumed, i.e. GI posting (this is the only time you will be liable to the vendor). You just have to make sure, you set up the following to run this function perfectly:
1. Maintain account determination KNO G/L AKO G/L acct: Inventory account
acct:
GR/IR
Clearing
2. Check field status compatibility at G/L account, posting keys in the IMG or run SE38/RM07CUFA to display fields compatibilities. 3. Set up output condition type KONS. 4. On the material master record, set special procurement indicator to 10 (consignment) at MRP2 view. 5. Create Info record for the consigned material and vendor-consignor. Be sure the info category is Consignment.
Purchase Vendor Evaluation for Purchasing When we create info & Maintain Quotation, by quota we are determining the source. Also in Vendor Evaluation, we are evaluationg vendor. When we are creating PO, from where the vendor will come from? Is it from Quota or Vendor Evaluation? You define source list requirements at plant level. If a source list requirement exists, you must maintain the source list for each material before you can order it. The source list serves: To define a source of supply as "fixed". Such sources count as preferred sources over a certain period of time. For example, the fixed vendor XXXX for material 100XX is ASA Company for the first quarter and BSB Co. for the second quarter of the year. Select the plants for which you wish to specify a source list requirement You use the source list to determine the valid source of supply at a certain point in time. The source list contains all the sources of supply defined for a material and the periods during which procurement from these sources is possible Following T/Code activities in Material Management module. Maintain source list - ME01 Display source list - ME03 Display changes to source list - ME04 Analyze source list - ME06 Reorganize source list - ME07 Generate source list - ME05 Display source list for material- ME0M you make the system settings that are necessary for purchasing operations carried out using source lists. Source list requirement for materials, It may be necessary to include possible vendors of a material in the source list before the material can be ordered. The Source list requirement field in the purchasing data of the material master record indicates whether a source list requirement exists for a material.
You can define the Source list requirement at plant level in IMG. Logistics -->Materials management --> Purchasing --> Source list. Here you can see the plants for which a source list requirement exists What are the Types of Inforecords? You can create purchasing info records for different procurement types as follows: Standard, Subcontracting, Pipeline, Consignment You use this component if you wish to store information on a vendor and a material as master data at purchasing organization or plant level. Standard A standard info record contains information for standard purchase orders. The info records can be created for materials and services with and without master records. Subcontracting A subcontractor info record contains ordering information for subcontract orders. For example, if you subcontract the assembly of a component, the subcontractor info record would include the vendor's (subcontractor's) price for assembling the component. Pipeline A pipeline info record contains information on a vendor's commodity that is supplied through a pipeline or pipes (oil or water) or by similar means (electricity through the mains). The info record contains the vendor's price for the consumption of such commodities by the buyer ("pipeline withdrawals"). You can store withdrawal/usage prices for different validity periods. Consignment A consignment info record contains information on a material that vendors keep available at their own cost on the orderer's premises. The info record contains the vendor's price for withdrawals by the orderer from consignment stock. As in the case of the pipeline info record, you can store prices for different validity periods. Procedure to Define Both Currency USD and EURO
We are purchasing export item, export item currency is USD. Some time same vendor send item with different currency like EURO. I'm facing problem when we pay to vendor. In Vendor Master Currency is defined as USD. I can pay in USD. If I want to pay in EURO, again I have to go vendor master and change USD to Euro vice versa. Everytime I am changing. Is there any procedure to define both currency USD and EURO. According to situation I can select currency. My local currency is different i.e SAR (Saudi Riyal). This is a common problem in almost all factories in our group. To simply the matters let me explain the method we use with some numbers. 1) Lets say we raise a PO as follows: 2 items @ $10 = $ 20
2) GRN is raised as per PO 3) Invoice comes from the vendor as 2 items @ Euro 0.80 = Euro 1.60 4) What we do is that we check with our purchasing people whether the Euro to $ convertion from the supplier is beneficial to us, if not it is within our tolerance levels. Then we process the payment for $ but mention the correct EURO amount in narration. Bank instructions goes for EURO and there will be a Exchange diff entry to the bank rec at the month end. 5) As far as I know you can't maintain multi currency in the vendor master. 6) Another effective method we are adopting is to have two vendor accounts for different currencies. Language Error when creating Purchase Order This happens when the language in Material Master (MM02 - Purchase Order Text) and Vendor Master (XD02 - Address - Communication - Language) does not matched. In the Purchase Order, you can see the language in PO Header - Communications data - Language. If the Purchase Order have been saved before you change the Vendor Master Language, the PO need to be closed as the language in the PO Header cannot be changed. This is the SAP Language Error that will appear when creating PO with language mis-matched: No short text maintained in language CS (please re-maintain material ABCDEFGHIJK) Message no. ME 095 Diagnosis No material short text (short description) has been maintained in language CS. System Response No short text can be adopted from the material master record. Procedure If a material is to be procured from a vendor in a different language, the material short text must first be maintained in this language. Maintain the short texts in the material master record in those languages in which procurement is normally carried out. In this case, you should at least maintain the short text in language CS.
Steps for MM Pricing Procedures Pricing Procedure : In MM module, pricing procedure is used during RFQ and PO creation. Total value of material based on all addition and subtraction like discount, surcharge, tax, freight, etc. In this we are defining pricing procedure and linking to vendor and purchase department through the virtual schemas. Following steps for pricing procedure as, 1. Define conditions. 2. Define pricing procedure. 3. Define virtual purchase organization and vendor. 4. Info Record. Customization for Pricing Procedure : 1. Definition of Conditions :
/NMEK0---condition type…condition types--- definition (define for basic price, net price, discount, surcharge, tax etc.) 2. Defining pricing procedure : /NMEK0--- calculation schema---calculation schemas—New entries (Define procedure and put the conditions like formula so that final price will be net price / total value as per company requirement) 3. Linking pricing procedure to independent condition types. /NMEK0---condition type…condition types--- definition for position for defined conditions (Enter the defined pricing procedure in the each independent conditions “Pricing Procedure” box) 4. Defining Schema group for Vendor : /NMEK0--- calculation schema---schema groups—vendor—New Entries. 5. Defining Schema group for Purchase Organization--- New entries. /NMEK0--- calculation schema--- schema groups---- purchasing organization--- new entries. 6. Linking Virtual Purchase Organization to actual Purchase Organization. /NMEK0--- calculation schema--- schema groups----- Assign P.Org. (in actual P.Org, enter virtual P.Org) 7. Linking Pricing procedure to virtual P.Org and virtual vendor : /NMEK0--- calculation schema--- Determine Schema--- -Standard --- New entries (Enter virtual schema and P.Org. along with pricing procedure) 8. Linking virtual vendor to actual vendor-- /NXK02 then enter schema group vendor in Purchasing Data ) 9. Info Records (/NME11)---- click on “Purch. Org. data1” and enter condition types and pricing procedure What are the steps in pricing determination in MM? Condition, Access sequence and schema. In the SAP MM Pricing is more important. Just yesterday I have completed the Pricing as I am doing the SAPMM now. I can give some light on this Topic, not 100%. After 2 days definitely some more I can share. The Basic thing is Condition Technique. In which there are 1. Access Sequence 2. Condition Record 3. Condition Type 4. Condition Table. A Access Sequence access a Condition Record of a Condition Type in a Condition Table is a Condition Technique.This is a simple logic Here the Condition Type is very important like PB00, PBXX,RA01 etc. In the background every Condition Type has its own defition means the purpose of the Condition Type like, is it for Pricing or Percentage, Quntity base, Accrual Feilds etc is to be defined to work this functions. Normally we use the existing ones without any risk. But some cases, we have to Create a New Condition Types as per the organisation requirement. The Pricing Schema is useful to minimise condition types while mention prices for Vendor on the basis of Pricing Schema which we defined according to organisation requirement. The Pricing Schema means the calculations procedure of Condition Type.
Ex. RA01 - Discoount % is caclulated on PB00 - Gross Price means RA01 is based on PB00 like that we have to define in the Pricing Schema which makes easy to use in realtime. Here PB00 has the Access Sequence - 0002. But RA01 does not have the Access Sequence.Why because it is a dependent on PB00. But both are Condition Types. In the system, by default some standard Scheme will be there at Vendor Schema Group in the Vendor Master Screen means the standard one is assigned which is very lengthy which may fullfil our requirement. But some cases which may not fullfil our requirement, in such we have to define. For the configuration, I may not able to explain properly through here but will give some Idea. Configuration: SPRO-IMG-Material Management- Purchasing- Conditions-Define Price Deternmination Process 1. Define Access Sequence 2. Define Condition Type 3. Defince Calculation Schema:- Here you have to define the Schema Define Schema group 1. Define Schema Group vendor 2. Define Pricing Schema group 3. Schema group for Purchase Organisation 4. Assign Schema group to Purchase Organisation Define Schema determination 1.define calculation schema for Standard purchase organisation After completion of the Schema Group, we have to assign it to Vendors. Then whenever we use any transaction with this Vendor, the concerned Schema will work as configured by us. I think this will help you. Actually the Pricing is a vast. Becuase each Condition have its own importance and each Access Sequence have its own importance. So you need not bother about this. First you learn how to define the Calculation Schema through the above. Here we can create many Calculation Schemas which can assign one schema to Local vendors another schema to out side vendor one more schema to foreign vendors like that we can classify. Definitely it will help you something. Because I have to do R & D on this Topic. Due to lack of time I am not able to do the Practice Properly as I am doing non-related SAPMM job.
Purchase Order Goods Receipts for PO does not contain any items When you try to post a GR against any PO it says that the PO does not contain any items. But when you display the PO it shows the items in it. There have been several reasons which can be attributable to this problem 1) This PO is subject to release strategy and since the final release was not made, this PO is considered as 'blocked'. 2) You have been using the confirmation control category where in respect of the last confirmation category key, the GR assignment checkbox is flagged. In this particular case, GR is only be posted if the confirmation is not maintained. 3) Early delivery date ie. the GR date is coming earlier than the PO delivery date.
One other nasty thing might have happened (mostly in MIGO): You have accidently changed your default movement type from 101 to 102 during your last movement. You will experienced this in some cases before installing hotpackage which shows the movement type on theMIGO screen. Purchase Order Account Assignment For Service Items The concept of account assignment remains same whether for materials with Mat. No. Or only text. If you are purchasing a particular service for a cost center. then you can assign the PO item to Cost Center & so on..... Use the following Customizing Path: Material Management -> Purchasing -> Material Master -> Entry Aids For Items Without a Material Master. Create the Material Groups and the Valuation Classes you are going to assign to the 'text services'. In the moment of a Purchase order, put the text services and assign them the material groups which you created for them. In that moment, the account assignment that you customized will appear into the purchase order. How to make systematic service purchase order? 1. First you need to create a PO with Item category as 'D' -- T Code: ME21N 2. You need to create the Service Master Record T Code: AC03 3. In the PO, Services tab, you need to mention the Services you are expecting from the vendor, quantity, price. 4. Need to mention the Validity start and end period in the PO Header. 5. Once after accepting ther services from the vendor, based on the Vendor invoice you need to enter the service entry sheet aganist the PO. T code: ML81N 6. Invoice Verification based on the PO. (this will pick information from the Service entry sheet) 7. Payment Processing Purchase Order Fields Relevant to Printouts of Changes You can define whether and in which purchasing documents a field is relevant to printouts of changes or which texts are included in change notices. The text output can be controlled via a text number (direct assignment) or a routine (indirect assignment). This is done in transaction SM30 - T166C Text number define in transaction OMF6 If you wish to define further fields as relevant to change notices, you must carry out the following activities:
1. Enter the table and field names 2. Select the document categories for which the field is to be relevant to change notices. 3. Assign a text number or routine If you have specified your own routine, you can evaluate it in the user exit Steps to take in order to force-close PO There are two ways to force close a PO: 1. You can set Delivery Completed Indicator in Purchase Order or at time of doing goods receipt. That simply means you cannot do further GR for that item. You can still process Open Invoices . 2. You can block material at purchase order level which means, you will not be able to do any GR , Invoice against that specific item in PO. The recommended is the first option though. Second option is used in case of : 1. to cancel an item 2. An item is closed and can be archived Prompt the last Purchase Order Price for the Material If you want the system to take the price from the last Purchase Order, then do not maintain the conditions in the info record because it has precedence over the last PO. This means that the netprice field in the info record should be left blank. In the case when you have already maintained the conditions in the info record (or netprice), try to delete them or make them invalid by changing the validity date. Even though no price was maintained, the info record will still keep track of the Order price history. To check the Order price history, go into the material info record and click Environment -> Order price history If we want the system to take price from Purchase Requisition, what need to be done? System can default PR price to PO. Please do the following steps. 1). System setting. Click System --> User profile --> Own Data. Click Parameters tab. Key in EFB and hit Enter. Then Save. 2). To Customize Personal setting in PR so that the PR net price will be populated to PO whenever a PO is created. A). Run tcode ME51N. Click Personal Setting. B). Click Default Values tab. Click more fields button. C). Highlight Purchase Order Price on the right box and click left single arrow. D). Click copy at bottom screen. E). At default values tab the PO price field, pull down the list and click 2 As net price. Click save at bottom screen.
GR-Non Valuated Indicator If this indicator is ticked in the Purchase Order, then no financial posting is made at the time of posting a Goods Receipt. The only posting would occur on Invoice Receipt. It is commonly used for purchasing of fixed assets, because in most countries you do not post the acquisition until you have the legal back-up in the form of the supplier's invoice. Also, it is not desirable to post an estimated value (based on the GR) plus a correction (based on the IR). Whether should you used non-valuated Goods Receipts or not would certainly depends on your company's financial policies. Restrict GR before Delivery Date One way is to check data at your MIGO entry, is through SAP enhancments (Tcode : cmod). I have implemented numerous checks for my end users (posting dates, movement types vs material types, mandatory fields under specific conditions, posting date deviation from today, total consumption per order etc). Try enhancment MBCF0002 and component EXIT_SAPMM07M_001. Through tcode SMOD you can find the available enhancments and function modules, go through the documentation and choose one. For MM inventory management the package is MB. My system (4.7) returns the following list: Exit name Short text MB_CF001 Customer Function Exit in the Case of Updating a Mat. D MBCF0002 Customer function exit: Segment text in material doc. i MBCF0005 Material document item for goods receipt/issue slip MBCF0006 Customer function for WBS element MBCF0007 Customer function exit: Updating a reservation MBCF0009 Filling the storage location field MBCF0010 Customer exit: Create reservation BAPI_RESERVATION_CREA MBCF0011 Read from RESB and RKPF for print list in MB26 With tcode CMOD create a project "Zxxx" and insert the choosen enhancement. Automatically its components will be added to your project. Press the "Compoents" button and double click the function exit that you will change. Now you should be looking at the source code of the function (abap editor). Take a look of the available internal tables that are imported. Double click on the include ZX....... which does not exist and it will be created by you. Add the source code needed to cover your validations. Save and activate your project Execute MIGO and check your enhancement. Note: one problem I still haven't solved. I can use only ERROR messages not WARNINGS.
Accounting Entries for a Subcontract Order You check an invoice for a subcontract order in the same way as for a standard purchase order. Additional account postings do, however, occur if a price variance has occurred. These postings are shown in the following example :Postings for a Subcontract Order In this example, a subcontract order was created for the end product "ASSEM-1". The components COMP-1 and COMP-2 were provided to the subcontractor. Purchase Order 50 pieces of material ASSEM-1 were ordered. The subcontract price is $10/piece (total value = $500). The following components were provided to the subcontractor: 15 kg of the component COMP-1 5 pcs of the component COMP-2 Good Receipt The subcontractor delivers 50 pieces of material ASSEM-1. At goods receipt a consumption posting for the components provided to the subcontractor is automatically made. It is valuated at the price from the material master record, for example: 15 kg of the component COMP-1 at $20/kg = $300 5 pcs of the component COMP-2 at $30/pc = $150 The goods receipt is valuated with $950. This is calculated as follows: the subcontract price (50 pcs * $10/pc = $500) and value of the components ($300 + $150). Invoice Receipt The vendor (subcontractor) sends you an invoice for the subcontract work. However, the price is $10.50/pc. The invoice is, therefore, 50 pieces ASSEM-1 * $10.50/pc = $525. Posting Schema for Moving Average Price Control In this example, the following postings are made at goods receipt and invoice receipt, if the material (end product) is valuated at moving average price: Postings At goods receipt At invoice receipt Vendor account 525 GR/IR clearing account 500 500 + External service account 500 + 25 + Stock account: end product 950 + 25 +
Stock change 950 25 Stock account: comp. 450 Consumption account 450 + Posting Schema for Standard Price Control Without Price Differences For materials (end products) with standard price control also note that no price differences are posted if the total of the external service value (for example, $500) plus the "material to be provided" value (for example, $450) varies from the value at standard price (for example, $1000). Posting of a price difference is not required because each posting line has its own offsetting entry. No posting lines are created on the stock account or on the stock change account when an invoice is received. In the above example, the following postings are made for a material with a standard price of $20: Postings At goods receipt At invoice receipt Vendor account 525 GR/IR clearing account 500 500 + External service account 500 + 25 + Stock account: end product 1000 + Stock change 1000 Stock account: comp. 450 Consumption account 450 + Posting Schema for Standard Price Control With Price Differences. However, if you wish to generate a price difference posting in those cases where the manufactured material is managed at standard price and the standard price varies from the receipt value (externally performed service + value of components + delivery costs), you can configure this in the Customizing system of Inventory Management. In the above example, the following postings (including price differences) are made for a material with a standard price of $20:
Postings At goods receipt At invoice receipt Vendor account 525 GR/IR clearing account 500 500 + External service account 500 + 25 + Stock account: end product 1000 + Stock change 950 Price difference 50 + Stock account: comp. 450 Consumption account 450 +
SAP Purchasing Configuration Tips and Tricks Goods Receipts/Invoice Receipts for Purchase Order Transaction OMW1 allows you to set whether the Price Control is a mandatory "S" or "V". V indicate that you want the system to value the stocks with the latest price. S indicate that you want the system to value the stocks with a fixed price method. Price Control V - Moving Average Price Assume Material Master current price is 10 Goods Receipts for Purchase Order - Movement Type 101
• •
Material Document Posting created - inventory increases Accounting Document Posting created o Debit 12345 Inventory 12 o Credit 67890 GR/IR 12 o New Moving Average Price = ( GR value + Total value ) / ( GR quantity + Total stock )
Invoice Recipts for Purchase Order - MR01
•
Accounting Document Posting created o Debit 67890 GR/IR 12 o Debit 12345 Inventory 3
o o
Credit 45678 Vendor 15 New Moving Average Price = ( Inventory difference of 2 + Total value ) / ( Total Stock)
Price Control S - Standard Price Material and Accounting Document is the same. The one with the lower value will be posted with a price variance entry. Goods Receipts for Purchase Order - Movement Type 101
• •
Material Document Posting created - inventory increases Accounting Document Posting created o Debit 12345 Inventory 10 o Debit 23456 Price Variance 2 o Credit 67890 GR/IR 12 o No change in Standard Price
Invoice Recipts for Purchase Order - MR01
•
Accounting Document Posting created o Debit 67890 GR/IR 12 o Debit 23456 Price Variance 3 o Credit 45678 Vendor 15 o No change in Standard Price
General Ledger Account Configuration Transaction OMWB - Automatic posting for inventory Inventory posting BSX Goods receipt/inv.receipt clearing acct WRX Cost (price) differences PRD Transaction XK03 - Account Payable Vendor Master Tick Accounting info. and hit the Enter key Field name Reconcil.acct 45678 Vendor Returns Without PO Reference You can used Return Purchase Order, transaction code ME21N At the item details, look for the Return columns and tick it. MIGO_GR - Goods Receipt for Return Purchase Order Movement type will be 161 to deduct the stock and 162 for reversal. During Goods Receipt for Return Purchase Order, you do not have to change the movement type from 101 to 161 as the system will automatically assign the movement type to 161 upon saving the postings. However, before saving, check if there is a tick in the Return Column to ensure that it is a return Purchase Order. Create a new Purchase Order Number range to differentiate OMH6 - Define Number Ranges Create a new Purchase Order Type to differentiate e.g ZB OMEC - Define Document Type Changing the PO Layout sets OMFE - Messages: Output Programs
/: IF &EKKO-BSART& = 'ZB'. / RETURNED PURCHASE ORDER : ELSE. / PURCHASE ORDER /: ENDIF. Purchasing List for Open Purchase Order, Goods Receipt, Invoices Open Purchase Order = Open Goods Receipts ( Selection parameters WE101) This two parameters determined what information is shown:
• •
selection parameter scope-of-list parameter
The configuation transaction code is OMEM You can define additonal selection parameter for your users as well as untick those fields which you does not want it to be printed. Your can have the Purchasing Documents by :-
• • • • • • •
ME2L - Vendor ME2M - Material ML93 - Service ME2K - Account Assignment ME2C - Material Group ME2B - Requirement Tracking Number ME2N - Purchase Order Number ME2W - Supplying Plant
Force buyers to create Purchase Order with ref. to a Pur. Req., Quotation or Pur. Ord.
Transaction OMET •
•
Create a new entry, give it a name and tick :o Ref. to PReq o Ref. to P.O. o Ref. to quotation Next, you've got to associate via SU01 o Click Parameters, insert a new parameter id EFB to the authorization code. o Type in Parameters value you want e.g. XX o You have to assign the control for ALL the SAP buyers via thier SAP users id. Logoff and login again. Then try to create a Purchase Order without a reference.
Define default values for buyers
Transaction OMFI • • •
Double click on the default values you want to change. Save it. Next, you've got to associate via SU01 o Click Parameters, insert a new parameter id EVO to the authorization code. o Type in Parameters value you want e.g. 01 o You have to assign the control for ALL the SAP buyers via thier SAP users id. o Logoff and login again. Then try to create a Purchase Order and check the default values.
In the Fast Processing button :you can choose whether to adopt automatically all the line items fields in the Purchaes Requisitions Puchase Order Condition Suppose you want to calculate the GST and DISCOUNT for a Net Value of 1000. Net value 1000 GST 10% of 1000 100 DISCOUNT 10% of 1000 100 Final Net value 900 This is what you do :-
• • • • •
M/08 - Define calculation schema First check the conditions column Steps e.g. PB00 and PBXX belongs to step 1. Next check the last Steps after Actual Price Now, look at the column Fro To If you want the DISCOUNT to be calculated based on 1000, put the Steps number in the column Fro The Fro To controls the calculation.
Information Structure In the SAP standard info structure S012 is updated by the Purchase Order creation date, not the Goods Receipt date. e.g. a Purchase Order is created in January and good receipt is in February and March, S012 will shows the values in period January.
• • •
Transaction MC26 Info structure S012 Update group (stats) SAP Double click on Goods received qty In the section Date field for period determination
Purchase Order Layout Sets, Message Types Create a new message types for a different layout of Purchase Order
• • • • • •
M/34 - Maintain message types o Click the Partner definition button o Insert the new message type to the Partner OMQN - Fined-tuned Message Control o Add a new Printer Operation 1 - New 2 - Change OMFE - Layout sets for Purchase Order o Attach the new message type to the new layout sets M/36 - Maintain message detemination schema : Purchase Order OMQS - Assign schema to Purchase Order OMGF - Assign Output devices to Purchasing Groups MN05 - Assign default Message Type to Purchasing Groups
User Defaults for Purchase Order There are some fields which you can set as defaults for the buyer in transaction ME21. Transaction SU01 Input the user name and click Parameters
PID Parameter value LIF - Vendor number BES - Purchase Order Number BSA - Order type EKG - Purchasing group EKO - Purchasing organization WRK - Plant LAG - Storage location MKL - Material group WAK - Promotion PO Release Strategy The release code is a two-character ID allowing a person to release (clear, or approve) a requisition or an external purchasing document. The release codes is basically controlled via a system of authorizations (authorization object M_EINK_FRG). Use SE12, structure CEKKO to check all the fields available for controlling the Purchase Order. e.g. If the total value for the Purchase Order exceeds 10,000, release strategy 01 is assigned to the Purchase Order. There is only one characteristic created in this example. For controlling the Purchase Order type, create characteristic for CEKKO-BSTYP and the value NB. CT04 - Create Characteristic e.g. NETVALUE Click Additional data Table name CEKKO Field name GNETW and press enter (for currency dependent field, you are prompt to enter the currency which the system then converts the currency of the Purchasing document into this currency) In the Basic data (X refers to tick), X Mutliple values X Interval values In the Value data, in the Char. value column, type >10000 and press enter Save your data CL02 - Class Class - Create REL_PUR Class type - 032 Click Create Description - Release Procedure for Purchase Order In the Same Classification section, click Check with error In the Char. (characteristic) tab, type NETVALUE to assign your characteristics to the class OMGS - Define Release Procedure for Purchase Order Type Release Group - New entries Rel.group Rel. Object Class Description 02 REL_PUR Rel. Strategy for PO
Release codes - New entries Grp Code 02 01 Release indicators Release indicators Release Description 0 Blocked 1 X Release Release Strategy Release group 02 Rel.strategy 01 Release codes 01 Release status 0 1 Classification Choose your check values OMGSCK - Check Release Strategies (make sure there are no error messages) Once the Purchase Order is not release, buyers will not be able to print the Purchase Order. Goods Receipts will be shown with Message no. ME 390 - Purchasing document XXXXXXX not yet released. Purchase Order with Release Strategy have a tabs at the end of the Header. This allowed the buyers to check the release status of the Purchase Order. The person with the release authorization have to use ME28 to release the Purchase Order. Prompt the last Purchase Order Price for the Material If you want the system to take the price from the last Purchase Order, then do not maintain the conditions in the info record because it has precedence over the last PO. This means that the netprice field in the info record should be left blank. In the case when you have already maintained the conditions in the info record (or netprice), try to delete them or make them invalid by changing the validity date. Even though no price was maintained, the info record will still keep track of the Order price history. To check the Order price history, go into the material info record and click Environment -> Order price history Adopt Purchase Order Header Text To default the Header Text into the Purchase Order Step 1 :- Maintain text in Vendor Master
• •
MK02 - Change Vendor Choose Extras -> Texts - Input the text in Purchasing memo
Step 2 :- Link Text types to Header text in Purchase Order • • • • •
OMFV - Define rules for copying (adoption of) text Choose Header Text Choose Goto -> Linkage: text types -> To vendor Filled in the field No. (e.g. 01 - Header Text), next tick whether you want the text to be adopted or for displayed only Choose Update to save
Create a new Purchase Order Document Type If you have more than one company code, you might want to define a new document type and number range to differentiate between the two company. Define a new number range not in used OMH6 - Number Ranges for Purchasing Documents Copy the NB - Standard PO to e.g. ZB OMEC - Define Document types Maintain : Text for Document Header/Item Text for Document Supplement OMF6 - Messages Header Texts Send Purchase Order via Output Determination Read note 191470 - Purchase order as an e-mail From release you can send your purchase order via output determination. This note have indicate all the requirement and settings necessary to send purchase order via the output determination once your SAP have been connected to an External Mail System.
Complete Purchase Cycle Till FI Let us go about purchase cycle: 1. Purchase Requistation : First Purchase requisation has to made to purchase department wheever the product need by the user or production depaartment.They are created by tcode me51k. 2. Once the purchase requested, then the purchase department will search for the materail, where available and when available. That is called Material determination. 3. After the search of material is over, then look for who are the parties , who is going to supplies the material in competitive rate. Then select the correct vendor is known as material determination. 4. After that Tender process done through Tcode-ME41. 5. After finilisation of Tender, the vendor selected and purchase order issued. The Creation of Purchase Order is ME21N. There will not be any finance entry while creating the Purchase Order. 6. Once the purchase order issued, then by the terms of PO, the vendor will supply the materials. The Receipt of Good (GR) , done through MIGO or if it is an service entry done through ML81N. The Entry will be
Inventory account - drGR/IR Clearing a/c - crPurchase a/c - drPurchase offset a/c -crGR/IR clearing is a intermediate account, will be used to connect cost and vendor. In GR/IR clearin a/c - 1. Assesable Value 2. Sales Tax 3. Surcharge ie., Other than Cenvat Clearing will be there. 7. After the receipt of material, the Good Receipt along with Invoice Bill submitted to the Excise person handling Central Excise matters, to take Credit of duty for the product. The entry will be 1. Cenvat Clearin a/c - cr RG23a Part II a/c - dr RG23a Part II cess a/c - dr. 8. From the Excise person , the bill move towards the person who passing the bills for payment. He will do the Invoice Receip First through MIRO. Here two document will be created, one for MM and one for FI. The entry will be Vendor a/c - CrGr/IR Clearing a/c - dr Cenvat Clearing a/c- dr. 9. After finalisation of Invoice receipt, the bill is for Payment process mode through F-53. The entry will be Vendor a/c - dr Bank a/c - cr. BOM Is Not Exploding In P.O. While creating subcontract order, BOM is not exploding in P.O even though we are maintaining BOM for end product. How to solve this problem? Please check the following things : 1. In Material master MRP4 view - Field "Individual/Coll" should have value "2" or "Blank" & In BOM (Transaction code CS03) item detailsection - Field "Explosion Type" should have value "LB" ("Individual/Coll" should have value "2" or "Blank") . 2. PIR should have PIR Info category "3" , i.e., Subcontracting PIR must available for header material which we receive back from subcontractor. 3. Special Procurement Key must be "30" in material master MRP2 View. 4. Purchasing Item Category must be "L" and production BOM must be maintained, if you want to explode BOM in PO. 5. Please check BOM valid period is effective from in Tcode cs03
6. Please check your PO date against the valid date of the BOM valid period. Where is Cost Derived When Doing Goods Receipt Explain what are the cost account when doing the goods receipt. For example when doing GR, system post as follows. Dr Stock (is this the cost of sales?) Cr GR/IR (what exactly is GR/IR) and when do IV it post Dr GR/IR Cr Vendor etc. Goods Receipts/Invoice Receipts for Purchase Order: Transaction OMW1 allows you to set whether the Price Control is a mandatory "S" or "V". - V indicate that you want the system to value the stocks with the latest price. - S indicate that you want the system to value the stocks with a fixed price method. Price Control V - Moving Average Price Assume Material Master current price is 10 Goods Receipts for Purchase Order - Movement Type 101 Material Document Posting created - inventory increases Accounting Document Posting created Debit 12345 Inventory 12 Credit 67890 GR/IR 12 New Moving Average Price = ( GR value + Total value ) / ( GR quantity + Total stock ) Invoice Recipts for Purchase Order - MR01 Accounting Document Posting created Debit 67890 GR/IR 12 Debit 12345 Inventory 3 Credit 45678 Vendor 15 New Moving Average Price = ( Inventory difference of 2 + Total value ) / ( Total Stock) Price Control S - Standard Price Material and Accounting Document is the same. The one with the lower value will be posted with a price variance entry. Goods Receipts for Purchase Order - Movement Type 101 Material Document Posting created - inventory increases Accounting Document Posting created Debit 12345 Inventory 10 Debit 23456 Price Variance 2 Credit 67890 GR/IR 12 No change in Standard Price Invoice Recipts for Purchase Order - MR01 Accounting Document Posting created Debit 67890 GR/IR 12
Debit 23456 Price Variance 3 Credit 45678 Vendor 15 NO change in standard price*
Setting Cross-company transaction I found problem in setting cross-company What I have done are as 1. Create material master Z for plant A (company A), and plant B (company B).
transaction. follow:
2. Create vendor masteri for company A, assigned to plant B; e.g: vendor X assigned as plant B. 3. Create PO (doc.type NB) from plant A to vendor X for material Z. 4. Supposedly system would automatically recognised this as cross-company transaction. Then plant B could create delivery refering to this PO. In my system, when I try to create the PO, SAP generates error message said that Sales and Distribution Data haven't been maintained for material Z, which I have already done. Could anyone help? Recently I've got chance to look at the system where the cross-company has been already set. By comparing the PO, I knew that in the successfull cross-company PO, there are additional tab in item detail named Shipping. In this tab, there is information about customer, delivery type used, etc. Which make me wonder, is it the source of the problem. Should I set the customer master data refering to the plant issuing the PO? If I should where could I set this? You need also to configure your Stock Transport Order settings for your Cross-Company Business Transaction to work. 1. Customer No. for the Goods Receiving Plant - OMGN 2. Availability Check- Checking Rule (if necessary) - OMGN 3. Assign a Delivery Type for the Delivering Plant - OMGN (for Stock Transport Orders, NLCC) 4. PO type (which i belive you have done) - OMGN 5. Assign Vendor No. to the Supplying Plant (done) - VK02 6. Assign Customer No. to the Purchasing Plant for the Inter-Compnay Invoice (but you need to assign this to the Sales Organization pre-assigned to the Purchasing Plant), IMG-SD-Billing-InterCompany Billing-Define Internal Customer No. by Sales Org ***and by the way for the Invoice to work between Cross-Compnay Plants, you need also to have a Sales Org for the Supplying Plant and a Pricing Determination Procedure. Inventory Beginning Balances When you transfer the stocks of material from the legacy system into SAP the initial enrty of inventory is done through mvt. type 561. You normally do this entry via batch input. The valuation of the inventory data depends on two factors: 1. The price control procedure and prices defined in the accounting view of the material. 2. Whether you have entered a value for quantity to be transferred. This is what happens for materials with Standard Price: 1.The initial entry will be valued at Standard Price defined in the material master. 2. If a different value is entered in the batch input data, this difference is posted in the price difference account. This is what happens for materials with Moving Average Price: 1. Whatever value you have entered for the intial data entry in the batch input is used to valuate the quantity transferred. 2 If initial inventory value in batch input / inventory quantity differs from the MAP, the MAP is changed when you do the initial entry of the inventory data. 3. However if you have not maintained a value for the initial entry in the batch input the quantity transferred is valuated according to the MAP and the price does not change in this case.
You can add a new material to the material master and set a beginning balance on it by using transaction MB1C. The following are instructions for doing so : Path: Logistics *Materials management * Inventory management * Goods movement * Goods receipt *Other Field Data : Document Date Today’s date Posting Date Today’s date Movement Type 561 (will automatically enter) Plant 3000 (or plant you are using) Storage Location 0001 (or location you are using) On top of screen select: Movement type *Receipt * Init.stck entry (own) * To unrestricted Hit the white on green checkmark. Now enter Item Material Quantity 1 Material # Quantity (Press tab 4 times to enter next item) 2 Material # Quantity SAVE. Write down the Document #________________ You may get an error saying: “G/L account 399999 blocked for posting in company code 3000”. To unblock the account, you can do the following : Accounting>Financial Accounting>GL>Master records>Individual processing>Centrally. Enter the GL account 399999 and the company code (3000). On the menu, open GL account, then choose Block. On the block GL account centrally screen, deselect all the boxes and save. You may have to do this for account 79999 and company code 3000 if you want a beginning balance on Finished Goods. NOTE THAT THIS FIX SHOULD BE DONE ON THE MASTER CLIENT. Variances between material and account of stock when you use MB5L First of all, what MB5L works was that this transaction looks in the table T030, the accounts assigned to the inventory, and computes the total values based on the accounts. The values shown in the 1st column in the table, belongs to the values in the MBEW table. The FI values are build up based on the BSEG table. The point is that sometimes some postings are set in the MBEW table without being posted on BSEG (and vice versa). There have been several reasons which are well attributable to this problem 1) Change in the Valuation Class of the Material Master which results in the fact that the account determination or account used in the automatic posting was changed; 2) Maintenance of GR/IR clearing account via Transaction MR11 after executing the month-end closing (Transaction MMPV); 3) Adjustment of G/L account (JV process) for direct posting; 4) Price adjustment via Transaction MR21;
5) Manual posting of costs directly to inventory account via LIV.
Physical Inventory Item Class Managing physical inventory is a crucial part of running your business, if it is not monitored correctly you could have large variances, both negative or positive.
A physical inventory count is carried out to determine the exact physical quantity of an article that is in your store at a particular time. Stock quantities are then updated based on the actual level determined during the physical count. It is important to monitor the accuracy of your stock levels, not only to identify any stock loss that may be occurring, but also to avoid processing sales against stock that you physically do not have, also to know when it is necessary to replenish stocks that run low. George Sewmungal If you are asking about the stratification analysis: i.e.: after the unit cost X annual volume is calculated for all items, you sort the list and mark off the strata from the top down: A = 70% 85% B = 10% 20% C = 5% 10% D or Blank = fasteners, no cost/low cost items etc.
of of of
accumulated accumulated accumulated
value value value
The logic is that the A items will be comprised of costly or high volume items that account for the majority of the company’s inventory assets. These are usually only about 15 – 20% of the material numbers in the database. They are usually counted 4 times or more per year. Some companies count these every month. Mismanaging these items can bankrupt the company and they deserve special attention. Anyway that is the conventional wisdom. B items are middle value/volume and are usually counted twice a year or thereabouts. C items are low cost/volume items and are usually counted only once per year. They usually account for about 80% of the number of items in inventory but only 20% of the value. The most important thing about C items is to keep them in stock so you don’t run out. The selection within each stratum is usually random but not necessarily. Some companies will store the items in segregated shelving and count by shelf, for example. Physical Inventory Process What are the step to do physical inventory process? I want to make zero stock and then upload the actual stock? First you can use the trn. MI01 there put all the material save, then use T-Code MI04 there you have to enter the count the if you want put 0, put it and make the tick then save then use MI22 post the difference. About Physical inventory process you have another 1. Use t-code MI31 instead of using MI01 , it will give you a document number of all 2. If you did not get the document number use t-code 3. MI21 to print the 4. MI04 to enter the count if you want 5. MI07 post.
way : your stock. MI24 . document. put 0.
Create PI document using MI01 Enter Count Using MI04 (Select Post Count results Check Results Upload initial Stock using MB1C 561
(MI31 -Using Zero Stock using using
Batch) Indicator) MI07 MI24
Note: For the first initial upload, the best options is to get your abapers to write a simple BDC upload program from the SAP screen mb1c (mvt type 561) using the file type csv (format save in excel). If you freeze wrongly, you can used MI02 to manually delete the freeze physical inventory documents number. Valuation Category All of the valuation groupings work together. You specify whether valuation occurs at plant or company code level in transaction OX14 (Define Valuation Level). Then whichever one you have defined becomes a Valuation Area. These areas can be grouped together for ease of account assignment, in which case they become valuation groups. Account Category Reference codes are associated to material types. Valuation Classes are associated to material types in account determination. Also an explicit association of Account Category Reference number to Valuation Class is made in Account Determination. For example, Material HALB - Semifinished Goods. Account Category Ref in Material Type is 0008. Valuation Class 7900 is linked to Account Category Reference 0008. When a material is created, it is associated to the appropriate Valuation Class on Accounting View 1 of Material Master. The automatic account determination facility looks up a posting based on the rules defined - whether to look at only Valuation Class, or Valuation Class and an additional Valuation Modifier for BSX postings for example. It will check the rules, look at the material, material type and valuation area and the rules for the movement itself (where the system is expecting to see the account definitions). All of the definitions need to be consistent. If you've defined a new Account Category Reference, you need to make sure that's associated to the Valuation Class and Material Type. The fastest and best way to tell if something is going to post the way you want it to is to simulate the posting. You can do that in the initial screen with the simulate button. Choose the plant, the movement type and the system will ask for a material and then tell you where everything will post, or if there's a posting account that is missing. MBST: Reversal of cleared items in FI When canceling a material document or an invoice posted with Transaction MR1M (Logistics Invoice Verification), the system generates error message F5802: 'Document includes already cleared items - reversal not possible' This situation occurs if both goods receipt and an invoice for a purchase order item (scheduling agreement item) exist and the GR/IR clearing account has been cleared in this regard.
If you still want to cancel goods receipt with Transaction MBST or an invoice with Transaction MR8M, you must reset the corresponding cleared items beforehand in the accounting document using Transaction FBRA 'Reset cleared items. As an alternative, you can also carry out the correction described in Note 326707. Difference Between Cancellation and Reversal What is the difference between cancellation and reversal? Canellation means total purchase item or a part of it can be cancelled when we feel it is not required and material has not yet been received by the company. Reversal means Purchase Return when the material has reached your company and you want to return it back due to some reason then you can go for reversal. While doing migo, we can use cancellation and as well as reversal, what is the diference between the two? The reversal method for both Cancellation and Reversal are the same although the meaning are different. Movement Type102 in MIGO will reverse the Goods Receipt for PO and the same will happen for Cancellation also...... Movement Type 122, is for Return delivery to Vendor and this won't come under Reversal or Cancellation concept... In SAP MM, 102 is the reversal mvt. type of 101. Every mvt. type has its reversal counterpart. The are many reasons to make a reversal of any mvt. type (mostly human mistakes). Movement Type 161 is used when you make a returns purchase order to a vendor. This is a purchase order with the "returns" flag marked. By the way, 161 has it reversal mvt. type in 162. It's true that in both cases material is being removed from the stock but for diferent reasons and in diferent bussiness processes. Automate the opening of MM periods How can you automate the monthly opening of MM periods (transaction MMPV - program RMMMPERI) with SM36? RMMMPERI accepts a period/year or a date. If you enter a date the period is derived by it. 1. create a variant and check the attribute 'selection variable' for the parameter date. Then click the button 'Selection variables' and set the current date. Every time this variant is used the parameter DATE is filled with the current date. 2. create a job for RMMMPERI with the variant created in the preceding step. Set it as periodic. If you're not using a fiscal year variant simply schedule it as monthly (to be executed the first day of the month). If you are using a fiscal year variant you'd have to define a calendar with only the first day of each period defined as working day and use it in the periodicity restrictions.
Allow/Disallowed Backposting of Inventory Posting Maintain the Material Master company code in OMSY. This is done when you want : 1. To create a material master record, the control record must exist for the company code for which you want to create your master record. 2. To set up a company code, enter the current period here. 3. When changing the Allow backposting or Disallow backposting indicators You can also use MMRV to set the Allow/Disallowed backposting indicators. The current and previous period is shown on both transaction codes. Movement Error - Posting Only Possible Between Ticket 1: While doing goods receipt for order, the following error occurs, it says POSTING ONLY POSSIBLE BETWEEN 11/2002 AND 10/2002 Movement type.101 Order: 60002765 Plant:1000 Storage Location:0002 Ticket 2: I am trying to do GR after creating PO. It is showing an error messg "posting only possible during 11/2002 and 10/2002". I went into open and close posting peiords in FI (IMG) and tried opening new periods but it is still not allowing me to proceed further and is showing the same messg. Go to T.Code MMPV : 1. Enter your company code. 2. Fiscal year of the current period (in your case 2002). 3. Put the period as 12. 4. Check the radio button for check and close period. 5. Execute. 6. The system does say it is not current calender year. (do not worry about this). 7. Hit Esc and 8. Now change the Fiscal year to 2003 and 9. Period to 1 10. Execute Continue these steps until you reach your period and fiscal year. Ticket 3: I am facing a problem with fiscal year. When I am trying to close the periods with MMPV, it is saying that 'specify a present calender'. It is not allowing me to receipt GR and post the invoice. And also when I am trying to change the next period through navigation (SPRO/Logostics general/Material master/Maintain company codes for matl management) it is saying that this company code can no longer be initiated. Our SAP was installed recently. To maintain fiscal year SPRO - Logistics General - Mat Master - Basic Settings - Maintain Company Codes for Material Management - Execute - Select Company Code and Define the Fiscal Year
Year = 2006 P(month) = current month F/yr = 2006 M = Previous Month ABP = Allow Back Posting , DBP = Disallow back posting Process Of Imported Material With Excise What are the procurement cycle (stepwise) of imported material up to GR(101)? What are the steps that are to be followed to reverse the GR for imported material? What are the transaction used? 1) The procedure for imported material receipt is as follows..... a) P.O. Generation for the material. ME21n b) Capture planned delivery cost MIRO c) Capture excise invoice J1IEX d) Goods Receipt MIGO Since we are capturing the planned delivery cost for the GR (through MIRO) . So before returning the material we have to reverse the planned delivery cost thru "Subsequent Credit " using MIRO. Then only return thru MIGO will be possible. So, the steps for cancelling the documents for imported material is: 2) a) Sub sequent credit using MIRO b) Return GR (delivery) using MIGO c) Cancell the excise invoice using J1IEX These are the steps to return the imported material & cancel the Excise Invoice capture. Difference for Stock Transfer and Transfer Posting Questions: difference between transfer postings and stock transfers. What are the material documents that are generated and what are the accounts hits. Stock Transfer = physically stock transfer of goods, Trasfer posting = may physical (or) logical (not physical) stock transfer of goods. Transfer posting and stock transfer: Transfer posting : plant to plant/ Storage location to Storage Location. In which if the valuation area is same. i.e. - Sloc to Sloc within one plant then there will be no accounting entry occurs. - However if the its Sloc to Sloc but with two different plant. and valuation area+valuation price is diff then there will accounting doc and material doc created for the same. Stock Transfer: There are unrestricted stock, quality inspection stock, blocked stock. Also you can have GR Blocked stock, special stock too. It will update the quantity. Stock Tranfer and Transfer Posting - Importances are same up to Plant to Plant . However Customer ( Client ) Prefer Stock Transfer than Transfer Posting. See the Below Advantages of Stock Transfer more than Transfer Postings : The transfer of stock using a stock transport order has the following advantages over the transfer of stock without a stock transport order: - A goods receipt can be planned in the receiving plant. - You can enter a vendor (transport vendor) in the stock transport order.
- Delivery costs can be entered in the stock transport order. - The stock transfer order is part of MRP: Purchase requisitions that were created in MRP can be converted into stock transport orders. - The goods issue can be entered using a delivery via Shipping (LE-SHP - The goods receipt can be posted directly to consumption. - The entire process can be monitored via the purchase order history. However we need to do some times Plant to Plant Trasfer Postings only in some industires. This is based on Customer Requirement. How many stock transfer process are avaikable in SAP? Like 1)Two step stock transfer (MM/SD) . 2)Two steap stock transfer ( MM only) Move type 303& 305. 3) One step stock transfer Move type 301. Stock Transport Order (STO) Without STO One step stock transfer Move type 301. Two step stock transfer ( MM only) Move type 303& 305. Using STO without delivery: doc.type: UB GI:351, GR:101 STO with delivery: GI:641, GR:101 delivery type:NL STO with delivery and billing: GI:643, GR:101 delivery type:NLCC , billing type:IV Creating The Stock Transfer Order What is the pocess of creating the stock transfer order? W hat is the essential inputs of stock trans. order? This is only within the comp.code(w/o SD) 351+101 MvT. with SD 641+101 1. Mat.(1434)should be maintained in both the plants.(@1000&1100). 2. Should have enough stock in supplying plant(1000). 3. Make its supplying plant as a vendor in vendor master record in receiving plant(1100). 4. Make it receiving plant as a customer in customization. Create customer (xd01) & and define the shipping data for plants in both the plants. Path: spro – img – material mgmt – purchasing – po – set up STO – define shipping data (1 by1 ) In Receiving plant (1100) In Supplying plant (1000) Customer num. 123345 (for ex.) Customer num. ---------(don’t fill) Sales org. yyy Sales org. yyy Dist. Channel yy Dist. Channel yy Sales div. y Sales div. y 5. Assign doc. Type is “NL” for intra company STO. If STO is inter company, Assign doc. Type is “NLCC”.
Position doc type is “UB” Enter supplying plant(1000) & doc type (NL)&checking rule (ex:01) 6.Assign doc. Type is “UB” to u’r plants.(PO) Go for new entries Enter supplying plant(1000) & Receiving plant (1100)&doc type (UB). 7. Create a PO, choose the doc type is ‘UB’ & item cat.’U’, Enter supplying plant as a vendor in PO of the receiving plant(1100). 8. Provide this num (PO) to SD people, they will do the delivery by using transactional code is VL10B. 9. Sales people they will provide “out bound delivery num”. 10. Do the GR. In GR the second tab 05 outbound delivery instead of PO mov.type 101. 11. See the stock overview in the receiving & supplying plants.
Archiving the Material Master Transaction SARA contains all the SAP archiving objects for all the SAP R/3 applications modules.
All the SAP archive functions are shown in SARA. Choose the corresponding SAP archive object, hit enter and the archive administration menu will be shown. Provided here will be an example on how to archive the SAP Material Master. Archive a Material Master Record When a material is no longer required in a company or plant, you can archive and delete the material master record. You have to Flag the material master record for deletion. This is known as logical deletion. Before a material master record can be archived and deleted, other objects (such as purchasing documents) that refer to this material must themselves be archived. You can see which objects these are and the dependencies between them in the network graphic. If a material master record cannot be archived and deleted at a given organizational level, the reason is given in the log (for example, a purchase order exists for the material). The log also contains technical data such as the number of material master records read and the number deleted. Some of the archive error log message :-
• • • • • • • •
Costing data exists Use in routing Use in sales and distribution Use in bill of material Delivery exists Costing data exists Info record exists Purchase order exists
The Archiving steps :-
Archiving object MM_MATNR for archiving material master records. You can display the archived data, but not reload it. To archive the material master, first goto transaction MM71. Type in a variant name and click Maintain. (Tick the Test Mode for archive simulation). Save the variant. Maintain the Start date and Spool parameters and click execute. Click
Goto
Job
Overview
to
check
the
archive
status.
To do a permanent delete, goto transaction SARA and click Delete button. Maintain the Archive Selection, Start date and Spool parameters. Click Test Session for testing or click execute to start the deletion program. Click Goto Job Overview to check the delete status. Now, if you goto MM02/MM03, you will not be able to find the record in the material master. Meaning of Archiving Residence Time Residence time 1 is for items without deletion indicator. Before the deletion indicator is set for a document item, the system checks whan the relevant item was last changed. Changes taken into account include a change in the order quantity and a goods receipt, for example. The date of the last change is compared with the current date. If no change has taken place within the specified residence time 1, a deletion indicator is set for the item. Residence time 2 is for items with deletion indicators. For document items for which the deletion indicator has been set manually or during the archiving run, the system checks how many days have elapsed since the deletion indicator was set. The complete document is not archived until: - The deletion indicator has been set for all the items of a document - None of the items have been changed within the specified Residence time 2 (i.e. the last change was the setting of the deletion indicator. After this, archived documents can be deleted from the database. This enables you to set the deletion indicator automatically (residence time 1 = fullfilled) during an archiving run and still keep those records for another time period (residence time 2) in a two step archiving procedure. How to use "me98" to delete PO from system completely? If we use "me98"(archive) to delete a PO that have a mistake for vendor code. The following step is: the 1 step: Maintain and save a variant. For this variant, we have to create a name for
this variant and select the PO which want to delete. it's right? the 2 step: "Start Date". For "Start Date",we select the "immediate " to execute it. Is it right? the 3 step: whether we maintain the "Spool Params" or not? May we execute it immediately or not? Archiving is not deleting. What do you think why SAP developed that much programs to retrieve and read data from an archive. Archiving is saving and keeping data for a certain period (based on local laws for data retention and auditing purposes) outside of the production data base. Such a job is usually done to keep the database small and fast. While doing archiving the records are written to a file and verified to be readable and then the original record gets deleted from the database. Only if you delete then the file with the archived data you have deleted the record forever. Sometimes people seems to work like a burglar and want erase every single evidence for an error. But even errors, or especially errors are subject to be audited if they are corrected in the right way. This is the same for financial and tax auditiors as for auditors for ISO 9000. To be able to archive, you need to setup the path from SAP to the archive. You need to define the size of your archive and how may records should be kept there. Step 1: Create variant for Archiving. Give it a name. Enter your PO number. Flag One step procedure. Flag detailed log. Erase flag for test run. Step 2: Maintain your start date, you can use Immediate in such a small case. Step 3: Maintain spool parameters. Enter your printer and set the values if you want to print immediatly and if you want keep the print. I suggest to hold the spool in the system. This helps you to determine any error. Step 4. Execute the variant. It creates 4 jobs: ARV_MM_EKKO_SUB...., ARV_MM_EKKO_WRI.... ARV_MM_EKKO_DEL..... ARV_MM_EKKO_STO.... If one of the steps fails, then everything is rolled back, hence nothing is archived, the record is still in your database. In this case use the jobs spool and joblogs to find out what happend. Deletion of Vendor Consignment Records Steps for Deletion of Consignment Records: To delete the Consignment Record, use transaction MSK2 or menu-path: Logistics - Materials Management - Material Master - Special Stock - Vendor Consignment - Change and select the data of the record you want to be deleted. To start the archiving: Process, follow the menu path: Logistics - Materials Management –Material - Master - Other - Reorganization - Special Stock – Choose to select the records to delete and Logistics - Materials Management - Material Master - Other - Reorganization - Special Stock Reorganize to create archive file. Create Archive File: Consignment Record: Data selection a) Select Action: Archive and enter a new Variant, for example: Z_CONS_SELE_01, press 'Maintain' b) On selection screen enter the data range (Vendor, Material, etc.) you want to archive. c) Select the 'Create Output File' if you want the selected records outputted d) Press the green back-arrow and enter the description of this new variantt on the screen which follows.
e) Save the variantt which brings you again to the selection screen. Press green the back arrow again. f) To start archiving process (batch-job), press the 'Start Date' button and select the time when you want to start this process. Select 'Immediate' for instant processing and press the 'Save' button on the bottom of the 'Start Time' window. g) Select the 'Spool Parameter' button and save entries. Eventually enter a valid printer to have the result outputted. h) You are ready now to start the process. Press the 'Start' button and monitor the success with the 'Job Overview' button You can also go the 'fast path' by using transaction SE38, program MMREO002 for selecting the data to archive. For large data archiving, use the background jobs and run those during off-peak times. Create Archive File: Consignment Record: Archiving process: a) Select Action: Archive and enter a new Variant, for example: Z_CONS_ARCH_01, press 'Maintain' b) On selection screen, select the 'Sequential Dataset' if you selected data as described in the Data Selection step, otherwise enter the material number and plant for the deletion of a single record. c) Select the fields 'Consignment' and 'Special Stock' and Test mode, if you want to try out first. ** This applies for SAP systems prior to release 3.1H: Select also the flag called 'BATCHES'. The SAP program MMREO020 has a bug which can be worked around with this selection. Without selecting 'BATCHES', the archived records cannot be deleted. For systems with applied Hotpackages for 3.1H this workaround is not necessary d) Press the green back-arrow and enter the description of this new variantt on the screen which follows. e) Save the variantt which brings you again to the selection screen. Press green back arrow again. f) To start archiving process (batch-job), press the 'Start Date' button and select the time when you want to start this process. Select 'Immediate' for instant processing and press the 'Save' button on the bottom of the 'Start Time' window. g) Select the 'Spool Parameter' button and save entries. Eventually enter a valid printer to have the result outputted. h) You are ready now to start the process. Press the 'Start' button and monitor the success with the 'Job Overview' button You can also go the 'fast path' by using transaction SE38, program MMREO020 for selecting the data to archive. For large data archiving, use the background jobs and run those during off-peak times. If you run the program online, you will see a confirmation on the status bar telling 'New Archive file created:....' Delete Archived Records: Info Record a) Follow the menu path: Tools - Administration - Administration - Archiving b) Select the Object Name MM_SPSTOCK for consignment / Special Stock c) Select the menu button 'Delete' d) Select the menu button: 'Archive Selection' e) Click the archive created in previous step f) Select Start Date for process and Spool Parameters for output g) Submit selection. h) Check status by pressing the Job Overview button
