Volumetric Estimate

Volum ol umeetr tric ic Est Estim imaation ti on

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Volumetric Estimation

Introduction - Volumetri tric esti estim matio tion: (1) Quantify how much oil and gas exists (2) Change over time - Two Two mai main n method methods s




























Determi terminis nistiticc Methods th ods W log s,s, core cor se ismic ic Weellll logs, logs, log corees,s, seism core seismic

A Av vver erag age eeth tth ddat aa Av A erag er age thheedat data ata




























Determi terminis nistiticc Methods th ods - Formulae ormulae to cal calcul culate volum volumes es N 1 STOIIP = GRV ⋅ ⋅ So ⋅ φ ⋅ [stb] G Bo

N 1 GIIP = GRV ⋅ ⋅ Sg ⋅ φ ⋅ [stb] G Bg

Ultimate

HCIIP Recovery factor[stb]




























Determi terminis nistiticc Methods th ods The area-depth - Assum ssume a const constan antt gross thickne hickness ss (H) (H) - Know nown data: data: struc structture map map,, gross gross thickne thickness ss - Measu easure re the respec respecttive area

























































Determi terminis nistiticc Methods th ods The area area--thic th ickn kneess























































Pro roba babi bililist stic ic Me Methods th ods Field data




























Pro roba babi bililist stic ic Me Methods th ods PDF & Expectation Expectati on curv cu rvees




























Pro roba babi bililist stic ic Me Methods th ods PDF & Expectation Expectati on curv cu rvees





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Reservoir Dynamic Behavior

Solution olut ion gas drive




























Gas cap driv dr ivee - Initi Initial exi existen stence of gas gas cap cap - Gas exp expan ansi sion on gives dri drive ve ene energy rgy for produc producttion - Well is ins insttalled alled as far away away from the gas gas cap cap as as pos possi sible ble - Compa ompared red to soluti solution on gas gas drive, drive, gas cap drive drive sho show ws a much slower decline Reco ecovery very fac factor tor is is in in the rage rage of of 20-60 20-60% %




























Gas cap driv dr ivee




























Water driv dr ivee - Occurs ccurs whe when n the unde underlrlyi ying ng aquif aquifer er is is large - Water mus mustt be abl able to flow flow into the oi oil col column umn - Diffi fficul cult to plan the rese reservo rvoiir deve devellopmen pmentt by a uncertainty of aquifer behavior - Using the resp respon onse se of of reservo reservoiir press pressure ure,, fluid fluid contact movement and MBE, we can see the




























Water driv dr ivee






























Gas reserv reservoi oirs rs - Produced roduced by expan expansi sion on of the the gas gas contai containe ned d in the the reservoir reservoir




























Differe if ferenc ncees be b etwe tw een oil o il and gas fie fi eld - The econ econom omiics of of transpo ransport rtati ation on gas gas




























Gas sales sales prof pr ofililees; inf i nflu lueence of contr con traacts ct s - A guaranteed guaranteed minim nimum quan quanttity of of gas gas for for as long a




























Gas sales sales prof pr ofililees; inf i nflu lueence of contr con traacts ct s - Daily aily contac contactt quanti uantity ty (D (DCQ) S ing factor factor




























Subsurface development - One of major major di difference ference in fluid flow flow for gas gas fie field compared to oil field is mobility difference





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Well Dynamic Behavior

Hor oriz izon onta tall well wellss - Produc roductitivit vity y im improve provem ment ent factor (P (PIF)




























Hor oriz izon onta tall well wellss - Effe ffective ctive horizo rizon ntal we well le length




























Hor oriz izon onta tall well wellss - Abili bility to con conne nect ct latera laterallly di disco scontinu ntinuo ous features features




























Hor oriz izon onta tall well wellss

Changing the geometry geometry of drainage drainage Minimising inimising the effect ffect of coning or cusping

- Particu articullarly rly strong strong adv advan antag tage e in thin thin oi oil col columns




























Hor oriz izon onta tall well wellss - Cresti restin ng: th the distort stortiion of th the flu fluid interface terface near the horizontal well






























Production roduct ion testing testing & p w f testing - Prod roduction testi testin ng




























Production roduct ion te t esting & Pwf testing




















































































Tubing ubi ng perfo performa rmance nce - Determi termine the size





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Surface Facilities

Upstrea pst ream m gas proce pro cess ssing ing - Compo ompone nents nts whi which ch cause cause pipe pipelline corrosion corrosion or block blockag age e: water vapor , heavy HC , CO2 , H2S - Assoc ssociiated gas gas : flflared or re-injec re-injectted - Pressure reduct reductiion : be made ade across across a cho choke ke before before prim primary O/G separator



























Surface Facilities

- Gas deh dehydrati ydratio on

Methods of dehydration :



























Surface Facilities

- Heavy eavy hydrocarbon hydrocarbon remova removall (1) High wellhead P over long period JT throttling / turbo-expander (2) High P is not available : refrigeration



























Surface Facilities

- Cont ontami aminant nant remov removal al CO2, H2S - Pressure ressure elevat elevation (gas com compressi pression on)) (1) Reciprocating compressors

(2) Centrifugal compressors



























Surface Facilities

Downst own strea ream m gas gas processin pr ocessingg Terminology of natural gas :





























Surface Facilities

- Cont ontami aminant nant remov removal al



























Surface Facilities

Facilities Production roducti on support suppo rt systems systems



























Surface Facilities

- Gas injec injectio tion



























Surface Facilities

Land Land ba b ased sed produc pr oduction tion facili facilities ties



























Surface Facilities

- Gatheri therin ng stati statio ons





















































































































































Volumetric Estimate

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