1
FAKTOR FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG YANG MENYEBABKAN ME NYEBABKAN PENINGKATAN PENINGKATAN KEJADIAN K EJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI DESA KECAMAT KECA MATAN AN HURAGI KABUPATEN PADANG LAWAS TAHUN 2013
KARYA TULIS ILMIAH (MINI PROJECT)
Oleh : drA!!"#$ P%#&"'$ D$#&$!
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITA UNIVERSI TAS S ISLAM I SLAM SUMATERA SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013
2
2
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN
Miniprojec !enelii"n #en$"n %&l : FAKTOR FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG YANG MENYEBABKAN PENINGKATAN PENINGKATAN KEJADIAN K EJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI BEBERAPA DESA KECAMATAN KECAMATAN HUTARAJA TINGGI KABUPATEN PADANG LAWAS TAHUN 20123
Oleh : drA!!"#$ P%#&"'$ D$#&$!
'"(il penelii"n ini el"h #iperi)(" #"n #i(e&j&i
S"*%+%$!, N-./*.r 2013 D"#.'%%" D'.r P./*"/*"!
(dr L.S%r$!" H$#"*%$!)
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN %& %&ll :
F") F")or or F") F")o orr *" *"n$ Men Men+e +e," ,",) ,)"n "n !en !enin in$) $)"" ""n n Kej"# Kej"#i" i"n n 'ipe 'ipere ren( n(ii !"#" L"n(i" Di -e,er"p" De(" )ec".""n '&"r"j" Tin$$i K",&p"en !"#"n$ L"/"(
N"." :
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Si,&h&"n
Noe.,er 2013
KE!ALA !USKESMAS KE4AMATAN 'UTARA%ATIN55I KA-U!ATEN !ADAN5 LAAS
6#rLel+ 6#rLel+ S&r+"ni '"(i,&"n7
'iperen(i "#"l"h penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) ""& #i"(oli) .ele,ihi 18090 ..'$ 'iperen(i &.&. n+" .&l"i p"#" &(i" ." (e)i"r ; (".p"i 10< p"#" 20=30 "h&n -"$i or"n$ +"n$ ,er&(i" "n"r" 80=>0 "h&n (ei"p penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) (e,e("r 20 ..'$ ""& e)"n"n #"r"h #i"(oli) (e,e("r 10 ..'$ ")"n .enin$)")"n ri(i)o pen+")i )"r#io"()&l"r 'iperen(i #"p" erj"#i p"#" (i"p" p&n ,"i) l")i=l")i ."&p&n pere.p&"n p"#" (e$"l" &.&r Ri(i)o er)en" hiperen(i ")"n (e.")in .enin$)" p"#" &(i" ;0 "h&n )e""( 'iperen(i p"#" &(i" l"nj& 6l"n(i"7 .enj"#i le,ih penin$ l"$i .en$in$" ,"h/" p"o$ene(i( #"n perj"l"n"n pen+")i n+" i#") (el&r&hn+" ("." #en$"n hiperen(i p"#" &(i" #e/"(" ." hil"n$n+" el"(i(i"( j"rin$"n #"n "reri()lero(i( (er" pele,"r"n pe.,&l&h #"r"h "#"l"h ?")or pen+e,", hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i" !enelii"n ini .er&p")"n penelii"n jeni( (i #e()ripi? +"n$ #i l")&)"n #i De(" (e)i"r )ec".""n 'URA5I "h&n 2013 #en$"n .en$$&n")"n )&e(ioner j&.l"h pop&l"(i #"l". penelii"n ini (e,"n+") @0 or"n$ D"ri @0 or"n$ +"n$ #il")&)"n penelii"n &n&) .en$e"h&i ?")or=?")or +"n$ .en+e,",)"n penin$)""n )ej"#i"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i" .en&nj&))"n ,"h/" $enei)" o,e(i"( (re( jeni( )el".in &(i" "(&p"n $"r". $"+" hi#&p )&r"n$ (eh" "#"l"h h"l +"n$ #"p" .en+e,",)"n penin$)""n )ej"#i"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i"
K$'$ K%!4" 5 +"&.r'.!#", $!#"$, .!.'"$, *.#"'$#
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is an enchancement blood pressure systolic or diastolic over 140/90mmHg. Generally hypertension starts on young people, about 5 until 10% at age 0!"0. #or people $ith age bet$een 40!0, every enchancement systolic blood pressure about 0 mmHg or blood diastolic blood pressure about 10 mmHg $ill increase cardiovascular disease&s ris'. Hypertension could happen to everyone, not only man but also $oman $ith every age. (he hypertension ris' $ill increase at above age 50. Hypertension at elderly becomes more important considering that the pathogenesis and course o) the disease is not entirely the same $ith hypertension in young adult, loss o) tissue elasticity, arteros'lerosis and dilatation o) blood vessels are causing )actors o) hypertension in the elderly. (his research is a research using descriptive study $hich did at *ei +epayang illage in 01 $ith using -uestionnaire, the amount o) population in this research is 0 persons. #rom 0 persons $ho conducted the research to 'no$ )actors $hich causing increased incidence o) hypertension in elderly sho$ that genetics, obesity, stress, se, age, salt inta'e, bad li)estyle are things that causing the increased incidence o) hypertension in elderly.
K.6rd# 5 H&.r'.!#"!, Ed.r, G.!.'"4#, O*.#"'
KATA PENGANTAR
lhamdulillah (e$"l" p&ji ,"$i All"h +"n$ .eli.p"h)"n r"h." #"n hi#"+"h=N+" (ehin$$" pen&li( #"p" .en+ele("i)"n penelii"n K"r+" T&li( Il.i"h 6.iniprojec7 +"n$ ,erj&l 7F$'r F$'r Y$! M.!.*$*$! P.!"!$'$! K.$d"$! H"&.r.r'.!#" P$d$ L$!#"$ d" D.#$ KECAMATAN HURAGI K$*%&$'.! PADANG LAWAS T$+%! 20128201399 Se,"$"i ("l"h ("& &$"( pro$r". #o)er inern(hip +"n$ ,er&$"( #i p&()e(."( pen&li( .en$&c"p)"n eri." )"(ih ""( ,"n&"n ,i.,in$"n #"n pen$"r"h"n #"ri : 1#rLel+ S&r+"ni '"(i,&"n(el")& Kep"l" !&()e(."( )ec".""n '&"r"j" Tin$$i )",&p"en !"#"n$ L"/"( 2!"r" per"/" #"n ,i#"n +"n$ ,er&$"( #i !&()e(."( '&"r"j" Tin$$i )",&p"en !"#"n$ L"/"( 3Te."n Sej"/" #o)er inern(hip /"h"n" !"#"n$ L"/"( !erio#e T"h&n 2013 !en&li( .en+"#"ri ."(ih ,"n+") )e)&r"n$"n p"#" h"(il penelii"n K"r+" T&li( Il.i"h ini &n&) i& pen&li( .en$h"r"p)"n )rii) #"n ("r"n +"n$ .e.,"n$&n &n&) )e(e.p&rn""n penelii"n K"r+" T&li( Il.i"h ini Se.o$" penelii"n ini #"p" ,er."n?"" ,"$i per)e.,"n$"n il.& pene$e"h&"n )h&(&(n+" #i,i#"n$ il.& )e#o)er"n #"n ,er."n?"" #"l". pel")("n""n )e$i""n penelii"n (el"nj&n+"
Si,&h&"n11 noe.,er 2013
!en&li(
#rAnni(" p&(pi"#"(op"n$
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN
"
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
""
ABSTRAK
"""
KATA PENGANTAR
-
DAFTAR ISI
-""
DAFTAR TABEL
:
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
:"
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1
1 2 3 31 32 8
1 2 2 2 3 3
L""r -el")"n$ R&.&("n M"("l"h T&j&"n !enelii"n T&j&"n U.&. T&j&"n Kh&(&( M"n?"" !enelii"n
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
1
'iperen(i
8
11 De?eni(i 'iperen(i
8
12 Epi#e.iolo$i 'iperen(i
8
13 Eiolo$i 'iperen(i
;
18 5ej"l" Klini( 'iperen(i
@
1; F")or Ri(i)o 'iperen(i
@
1@ !"o?i(iolo$i 'iperen(i
>
1> Ker&(")"n Or$"n T"r$e p"#" 'iperen(i
1 !e.eri)(""n !en&nj"n$ 'iperen(i
1 Ko.pli)"(i 'iperen(i
110 !en""l")("n""n 'iperen(i
10
2
L"n(i"
11
21 De?eni(i L"n(i"
11
22 -""("n -""("n L"n(i"
12
23 F")or F")or +"n$ Me.pen$"r&hi L"n(i"
12
28 5ej"l" 5ej"l" L"n(i"
13
2; !er&,"h"n A)i," !ro(e( Men&" #"n U(i" -iolo$i(
13
2@ 4"r" Me.perl".," L"n(i"
18
3
'&,&,&n$"n 'iperen(i #"n L"n(i"
18
31 %eni( %eni( 'iperen(i p"#" U(i" L"nj&
18
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
1;
1
Ker"n$)" Kon(ep
1@
2
De?eni(i Oper"(ion"l
1@
3
%eni( !enelii"n
1@
8
Lo)"(i #"n ")& !enelii"n
1@
;
!op&l"(i #"n S".pel !enelii"n
1>
@
S&.,er D""
1
>
Te)ni) !en$&.p&l"n D""
1
!en$ol"h"n D""
1
An"li(" D""
1
BAB I< HASIL PENELITIAN
20
1 '"(il !enelii"n 2 !e.,"h"("n BAB < 1 Ke(i.p&l"n 2 S"r"n
20 28 2= 2> 2
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
2>
LAMPIRAN
33
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP
?3
DAFTAR TABEL
No.or
%&l
'"l"."n
T",el 1
Kl"(i?i)"(i Te)"n"n D"r"h Men&r& %N4 >
8
T",el 2
!e.eri)(""n !en&nj"n$ 'iperen(i
T",el 3
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i Re(pon#en -er#"("r)"n U.&r
20
T",el 8
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i Re(pon#en -er#"("r)"n %eni( Kel".in
21
T",el ;
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i 5enei)
21
T",el @
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i O,e(i"(
21
T",el >
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i Sre(
22
T",el
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i A(&p"n 5"r".
23
T",el
Di(ri,&(i Fre)&en(i !ol" 'i#&p
23
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
1 S&r" IBin O,(er"(i 2 Ri/"+" 'i#&p
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1
L$'$r B.$$!
Den$"n .")in .enin$)"n+" h"r"p"n hi#&p pen#&) In#one(i" .")" #"p" #iper)ir")"n ,"h/" in(i#en(i pen+")i #e$ener"i? ")"n .enin$)" p&l" S"l"h ("& pen+")i #e$ener"i? +"n$ .e.p&n+"i in$)" .or,i#i"( #"n .or"li"( in$$i "#"l"h hiperen(i 617 'iperen(i p"#" &(i" l"nj& .enj"#i le,ih penin$ l"$i .en$in$" ,"h/" p"o$ene(i( perj"l"n"n pen+")i #"n pen""l")("n""nn+" i#") (el&r&hn+" ("." #en$"n hiperen(i p"#" &(i" #e/"(" ." !"#" &(i" l"nj& "(pe) #i"$no(i( (el"in )e"r"h hiperen(i #"n )o.pli)"(i pen$en"l"n ,er,"$"i pen+")i +"n$ j&$" #i#eri" oleh or"n$ er(e,& perl& .en#"p")"n peh"i"n oleh )"ren" ,erh&,&n$"n er" #en$"n pen""l")("n""n (ec"r" )e(el&r&h"n 617 'iperen(i .er&p")"n ?")or ri(i)o )oroner +"n$ ("n$" penin$ 'O .el"por)"n (e)i"r 1@2 j&" )e."i"n #i(e,",)"n oleh pen+")i )"r#io"()&l"r erj"#i #i ne$"r" ,er)e.,"n$ F")or ri(i)o +"n$ ,er"n$$&n$ j"/", erh"#"p )on#i(i er(e,& "#"l"h hiperen(i )"#"r )ole(erol in$$i e.,")"& )on(&.(i ,&"h #"n ("+&r"n +"n$ ren#"h (er" )&r"n$ ")i? ,er$er") 627 'iperen(i &.&.n+" .&l"i p"#" &(i" ." (e)i"r ; (".p"i 10< p"#" 20 C 30 "h&n -"$i or"n$ +"n$ ,er&(i" "n"r" 80 C >0 "h&n (ei"p penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) (e,e("r 20 ..'$ ""& e)"n"n #"r"h #i"(oli) (e,e("r 10 ..'$ ")"n .enin$)")"n ri(i)o pen+")i )"r#io"()&l"r 627 'iperen(i #"p" erj"#i p"#" (i"p" p&n ,"i) lel")i ."&p&n pere.p&"n p"#" (e$"l" &.&r Ri(i)o er)en" hiperen(i ini ")"n (e.")in .enin$)" p"#" &(i" ;0 "h&n )e""( M"("l"hn+" h".pir 0< )"(&( hiperen(i i#") #i)e"h&i pen+e,", (e,en"rn+" -"h)"n p"#" (e,"$i"n ,e("r )"(&( hiperen(i i#") .e.,eri)"n $ej"l" 6"(i.o."i(7 !en#"p" l&"( ,"n+") +"n$ .en$"")"n ,"h/" pen+")i hiperen(i .e."n$ /"j"r )"l"& #i#eri" or"n$ &" Ini ("n$" i#") ,en"r 'iperen(i "#"l"h )on#i(i +"n$ i#") nor."l #"n .er&p")"n ("l"h ("& pen+")i ")& +"n$ .enj"#i ("l"h ("& ?")or &"." pen+e,", )e."i"n 637 TDS 6e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli)7 .enin$)" (e(&"i #en$"n penin$)""n &(i" ")"n e"pi TDD 6e)"n"n #"r"h #i"(oli)7 .enin$)" #en$"n (eirin$ TDS (".p"i (e)i"r &(i" ;; "h&n +"n$ )e.i"n .en&r&n oleh )"ren" erj"#in+" pro(e(
)e)")&"n "reri ")i," "rero()lero(i( Se)i"r &(i" @0 "h&n #&" peri$" p"(ien #en$"n hiperen(i .e.p&n+"i hiperen(i (i(oli) eri(ol"(i 6'ST7 (e#"n$)"n #i""( >; "h&n i$" pere.p" #"ri (el&r&h p"(ien .e.p&n+"i hiperen(i (i(oli) 687
Di ne$"r" ."j& ("" ini e)"n"n #"r"h +"n$ er)onrol 6TDS 180 TDD 0 ..'$7 h"n+" er#"p" p"#" 20< p"(ien hiperen(i Ke,erh"(il"n pen$o,""n +"n$ ren#"h p"#" &(i" l"nj& #"p" #i")i,")"n j&$" oleh )"ren" ,"n+") #o)er i#") .en$o,"i hiperen(i &(i" l"nj& (".p"i opi."l 6)&r"n$ #"ri18090..'$7 .en$in$" )e)&"ir"n erj"#i e?e) (".pin$ !"#" &(i" l"nj& pre"len(i $"$"l j"n&n$ #"n (ro)e in$$i +"n$ )e#&"n+" .er&p")"n )o.pli)"(i hiperen(i Oleh )"ren" i& pen$o,""n hiperen(i +"n$ opi."l penin$ (e)"li #"l". .en$&r"n$i .or,i#i"( #"n .or"li"( )"r#io"()&l"r 687 !"#" &(i" l"nj& er#"p" ,er,"$"i )e"#""n +"n$ (erin$ .enj"#i ."("l"h #"l". penen&"n e)"n"n #"r"h Te)"n"n #"r"h +"n$ ")&r" +"n$ #i"n$$"p .e/")ili nil"i (e,en"rn+" ("n$" #ipen$"r&hi oleh )e"#""n pe.,&l&h #"r"h p"(ien +"n$ ("h .en$"l".i )e)")&"n ")i," "ero()lero(i( #"n ,"rore?le)( +"n$ ,er)&r"n$ Te)"n"n #"r"h #"p" .en&r&n (ec"r" ,erle,ih"n p"#" po(i(i ,er#iri (e("h .")"n ""& (e("h ")i?i"( Sel"in i& p"#" pen$&)&r"n e)"n"n #"r"h (erin$ er#"p" p(eohiperen(i ")i," ."n(e pen$&)&r e)"n"n #"r"h h"r&( .ene)"n le,ih )er"( "reri ,r"chi"li( +"n$ )")& .en$er"( )"ren" )"l(i?i)"(i Ke"#""n ini h"r&( #i peri.,"n$)"n "p",il" er#"p" hipoen(i oro("i) ""& re(pon pen$o,""n +"n$ )&r"n$ Oleh )"ren" p"#" &(i" l"nj& pen$&)&r"n e)"n"n #"r"h (e,"i)n+" #il")&)"n j&$" p"#" po(i(i ,er#iri 687
2
R%/%#$! M$#$$+
-er#"("r)"n &r"i"n #"l". l""r ,el")"n$ ."("l"h #i""( .")" #"p" #ir&.&()"n per"n+""n penelii"n ini "#"l"h Se,er"p" ,e("r ?")or C ?")or +"n$ #"p" .en+e,",)"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i"
3
T%%$! P.!."'"$!
31 T%%$! U/%/
T&j&"n penelii"n ini "#"l"h &n&) .en$e"h&i ?")or C ?")or +"n$ #"p" .en+e,",)"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i"
32 T%%$! K+%#%#
Un&) .en$e"h&i in$)" )ej"#i"n pen+")i hiperen(i erh"#"p l"n(i"
?
M$!@$$' &.!."'"$!
?1 B$" P.!."'"
'"(il penelii"n ini #ih"r"p)"n #"p" .en".,"h /"/"("n )eil.&"n #"n pen$"l"."n #"l". .en+&(&n )"r+" &li( il.i"h (e,"$"i #"("r &n&) penelii"n le,ih l"nj& (er" ("r"n" &n&) .ener"p)"n il.& #"n eori +"n$ el"h #i peroleh .en$en"i ?")or C ?")or +"n$ #"p" .en+e,)"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i" ?2 B$" M$#$r$$'
Se,"$"i ,"h"n ."(&)"n &n&) .en#"p")"n in?or."(i en"n$ hiperen(i +"n$ #"p" .en+e,",)"n p"#" l"n(i" (ehin$$" #ih"r"p)"n ."(+"r")" #"p" .en$onrol e)"n"n #"r"hn+" (ec"r" r&in &n&) .ence$"h erj"#in+" hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i"
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 1
H"&.r'.!#"
11
D.@.!"#" H"&.r'.!#"
'iperen(i "#"l"h penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) ""& #i"(oli) .ele,ihi 18090 ..'$ Se#"n$)"n #e?eni(i .en&r& 'O hiperen(i "#"l"h penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) ""& #i"(oli) 1@09; ..'$ 'iperen(i &.&.n+" p"#" &(i" ." (e)i"r ; (".p"i 10< p"#" 20 C 30 "h&n -"$i p"(ien +"n$ ,er&(i" "n"r" 80 C >0 "h&n (ei"p penin$)""n e)"n"n #"r"h (i(oli) (e,e("r 20 ..'$ ""& e)"n"n #"r"h #i"(oli) (e,e("r 10 ..'$ ")"n .enin$)")"n ri(i)o pen+")i )"r#io"()&ler 627 M.!%r%' T+. S.-.!'+ R.&r' @ T+. J"!' N$'"!$ C//"'. ! Pr.-.!'"!, D.'.4'"!, E-$%$'"!, $!d Tr.$'/.!' @ H"+ Bd Pr.##%r. (JNC =) Kl"(i?i)"(i e)"n"n #"r"h p"#" or"n$ #e/"(" er,"$i .enj"#i )elo.po) nor."l pr"hiperen(i hiperen(i #er"j" 1 #"n 2 6;7 T$*. 21 K$#"@"$#" T.$!$! D$r$+ /.!%r%' JNC =
6;7
K$#"@"$#" T.$!$! D$r$+
T.$!$! D$r$+ S"#'" (//H)
T.$!$! D$r$+ D"$#'" (//H)
Nor."l !r"hiperen(i 'iperen(i Der"j" 1 'iperen(i Der"j" 2
120 120 C 13 180 C 1; G 1@0
0 0 C 0 C G 100
12
E&"d./"" H"&.r'.!#"
'iperen(i .en$en"i (el&r&h ,"n$(" #i #&ni" #en$"n in(i#en(i +"n$ ,er"ri"(i A)hir ")hir ini in(i#en(i #"n pre"len(i .enin$)" #en$"n .")in ,er".,"hn+" &(i" h"r"p"n hi#&p Di A.ei)" Seri)" #i)"")"n ,"h/" p"#" pop&l"(i )&li p&ih &(i" ;0 C @ "h&n pre"len(in+" (e)i"r 3;< +"n$ .enin$)" .enj"#i ;0< p"#" &(i" #i""( @ "h&n 'iperen(i .er&p")"n pen+")i +"n$ (erin$ #ij&.p"i #"n .er&p")"n pen+e,", &"." )o.pli)"(i )"r#io"()&l"r (eperi (ro)e pen+")i j"n&n$ )oroner pen+")i $inj"l )roni) #"n pen+")i "ero()lero(i( "()&l"r 61@7
!enelii"n p"#" 300000 pop&l"(i ,er&(i" @; C 11; "h&n 6r"" r"" 2> "h&n7 +"n$ #ir"/" #i in(i&(i l"nj& &(i" #i#"p")"n pre"len(i hiperen(i p"#" ("" .&l"i #ir"/" (e,e("r 32< D"ri pen#eri" ini >0< #i,eri)"n o," "ni hiperen(i #"n ("h .en$"l".i )o.pli)"(i ")i," pen+")in+" #i"n"r"n+" pen+")i j"n&n$ )oroner 62@<7 pen+")i j"n&n$ )on$e(i? 622<7 #"n pen+")i (ere,ro"()&ler 62<7 Di In#one(i" "n$)" )ej"#i"n hiperen(i ,er)i("r @ C 1;< 8 #"n ."(ih ,"n+") pen#eri" +"n$ ,el&. erj"n$)"& oleh pel"+"n"n )e(eh""n er&"." #i #"er"h pe#e(""n Se.en"r" i& #i A.eri)" Seri)" #"" N'ANES 6N"io"n"l 'e"lh "n# N&riion EH".iniion S&re+7 .e.perlih")"n ,"h/" ri(i)o hiperen(i .enin$)" (e(&"i #en$"n penin$)""n &(i" D"" N'ANES 200; C 200 .e.perlih")"n )&r"n$ le,ih >@8 j&" or"n$ ,er&(i" G20 "h&n "#"l"h pen#eri" hiperen(i ,er"ri 1 #"ri 3 or"n$ #e/"(" .en#eri" hiperen(i 61>7
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2 S$r$!
D"ri h"(il penelii"n +"n$ #i#"p" .")" .&nc&l ,e,er"p" ("r"n (e,"$"i ,eri)& : •
Dih"r"p)"n hiperen(i +"n$ erj"#i p"#" l"n(i" #"p" er&( .en&r&n
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#en$"n c"r" .e.,eri)"n e#&)"(i ""& pen+&l&h"n )ep"#" l"n(i" ""&p&n )el&"r$" .en$n"i c"r" pen"n$$&l"n$"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i" (eperi pen$onrol"n e)"n"n #"r"h +"n$ r&in .en$&r"n$i "(&p"n $"r". #"n .en$"&r pol" hi#&p +"n$ le,ih ,"i) Di,&&h)"n penelii"n +"n$ le,ih ,"n+") l"$i #e.i .en$in$" ,"n+")n+" ?")or=?")or +"n$ .en+e,",)"n hiperen(i p"#" l"n(i"
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1 M"rono ' !en""l")("n""n 'iperen(i !"#" U(i" L"nj& M"rono ' !r"n")" K e#ior -&)& Aj"r -oe#hi C D"r.ojo 5eri"ri 6Il.& Ke(eh""n U(i" L"nj&7 E#i(i IV %")"r" : FK UI 200 : 8> C 2 K&(."n" D 'iperen(i: De?eni(i !re"len(i F"r.")oer"pi #"n L"ih"n Fi(i) 4DK 200 3@ : 1@1 C 1@> 3 S&(ilo * &l"n#"ri A 4"r" %i& Men$""(i 'iperen(i An#i O??(e *o$+")"r" 2011 : @8 1 C ; @8 C 10 ? S&h"r#jono 'iperen(i !"#" U(i" L"nj& In : So+o A Sei+oh"#i - Al/i I Si."#i,r"" M #"n Sei"i S e#ior( -&)& Aj"r Il.& !en+")i D"l". E#i(i V %ili# I %")"r" : !&(" !ener,i"n Il.& !en+")i D"l". FK UI 200 : C 02 *o$i"noro M 'iperen(i E(n(i"l In : So+o A Sei+oh"#i - Al/i I Si."#i,r"" M #"n Sei"i S -&)& Aj"r Il.& !en+")i D"l". E#i(i V %ili# II %")"r" : !&(" !ener,i"n Il.& !en+")i D"l". FK UI 200 : 10> C 3 ; S&h"r#jono Sei"/"i S 5&(i"ni R #)) !en#e)""n Klini) #"n !en$elol""n 'iperen(i Se)&n#er N"()"h Len$)"p !en+")i D"l". %")"r" : Dep"re.en Il.& !en+")i D"l". FK UI 200@ : 18
= Te#j"(&)."n" ! T"" L")("n" 'iperen(i 4DK C 12 Vol 3 K"l,e F"r." %")"r" 2012 : 2;1 C 2;3 S&"no : 4e)"l 64e$"h #"n T"n$)"l7 !en+")i Mo#ern An#i O??(e *o$+")"r" 2010 : C 22 > hp:99///(cri,#co.9#oc9;002;295E%ALA=KLINIS #i")(e( "n$$"l 22 Mei 2012 10 -ro/n 4 T !en+")i Aero()leroi) Koroner Alih -"h"(" -r"h. U '"r"no ' &l"n("ri ! M"h"n"ni D A In : E#i(i -"h"(" In#one(i" S&ci N !"o?i(iolo$i Kon(ep Klini( !ro(e(=!ro(e( !en+")i E#i(i VI %")"r" : E54 ;2 C ;3 11 A(i)"/"i R S&r"p("ri % !en"n$"n"n 'iperen(i A " 5l"nce Si(e. K"r#io"()&ler E#i(i III %")"r" : Erl"n$$" 200> : 2 C 3 12 h p : 9 9 . l ( c r i , # c o . 9 # o c 9 ; 8 2 > @ > ; 1 9 2 9 ! e n $ e r i " n = L" n( i" #i")(e( "n$$"l 22 Mei 2012 13 '"r#in"n("h Di$e( OT4 Men$hin#"ri !en&""n Dini E#i(i 30 Trip")"r(" Me#i" U"." %")"r" 200 : 1> C 1
L A M P I R A N
L".pir"n : D"" L"n(i" *"n$ 'iperen(i #i De(" Sei Kep"+"n$ "h&n 2012
No 1 2 3 8 ; @ > 10 11 12 13 18 1; 1@ 1> 1 1 20 21 22 23 28 2; 2@ 2> 2 2 30 31 32 33 38 3; 3@ 3> 3 3 80 81
82 83 88 8; 8@ 8> 8 8 ;0 ;1 ;2 ;3 ;8 ;; ;@ ;> ; ; @0
N"." A! FA '' SA SF IS SS IF -S M S S! !S %S 'S L' 'S A F' '%R R% SM A4 --S 'A SR NN N AA UA %L '%M DS IS MS FS %M EA TM
MMS RR ME KS RA S %U -S S5 A AI ED SS R ''S 'R 5E DE
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KUESIONER
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