PLANTE MEDICINALE-A.Miron.pdf

ANCA MIRON

Editura „Gr. T. Popa”, U.M.F. Iaşi 2007

Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naţionale a României MIRON, ANCA Plantele medicinale în profilaxia şi tratamentul unor afecţiuni cardiovasculare/ Anca Miron - Iaşi: Editura Gr. T. Popa, 2007. ISBN 978-973-7682-31-4 617.322:616.1 633.88 633.82

Referenţi ştiinţifici: Prof. dr. Mircea Pavelescu – U.M.F. „Gr. T. Popa” Iaşi Prof. dr. Ilioara Oniga – U.M.F. „Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca

Tehnoredactare computerizată: ing. Sorin Popescu Grafica şi coperta: Marius Atanasiu

Editura „Gr. T. Popa” Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Iaşi Str. Universităţii nr. 16

Toate drepturile asupra acestei lucrări aparţin autorului şi Editurii „Gr.T. Popa" Iaşi. Nici o parte din acest volum nu poate fi copiată sau transmisă prin nici un mijloc, electronic sau mecanic, inclusiv fotocopiere, fără permisiunea scrisă din partea autorului sau a editurii. Tiparul executat la Tipografia Universităţii de Medicină şi Farmacie "Gr. T. Popa" Iaşi str. Universităţii nr. 16, cod. 700115, Tel. 0232 267798 int. 231, Fax 0232 211820

Cuvânt înainte Afec]iunile cardiovasculare reprezint\ `n prezent principala cauz\ a deceselor atât `n ]\rile dezvoltate economic, cât [i `n ]\rile `n curs de dezvoltare. Dac\ la `nceputul secolului XX mortalitatea prin afec]iuni cardiovasculare era sub 10%, la sfâr[itul secolului aceasta a crescut la 50% `n ]\rile dezvoltate [i la 25% `n ]\rile `n curs de dezvoltare. Conform statisticilor, peste 60% din decesele `nregistrate `n România sunt cauzate de afec]iuni cardiovasculare, ]ara noastr\ aflându-se pe primul loc `n Europa. Aceste date sunt extrem de `ngrijor\toare mai ales dac\ se are `n vedere faptul c\ `n Europa media deceselor provocate de afec]iunile cardiovasculare este de 30%. Dar afec]iunile cardiovasculare reprezint\ o problem\ major\ de s\n\tate public\ nu numai prin prisma mortalit\]ii [i morbidit\]ii, ci [i prin cheltuielile pe care le implic\, atât directe (cheltuieli pentru profilaxie [i tratament), cât [i indirecte (cheltuieli pentru acoperirea pierderilor cauzate de incapacitatea de munc\ [i decesele premature). Aceste aspecte, la care se adaug\ cre[terea inciden]ei anumitor afec]iuni cardiovasculare (boala coronarian\), justific\ interesul pentru identificarea unor noi mijloace eficiente `n profilaxia [i tratamentul acestora. Plantele medicinale `n profilaxia [i tratamentul unor afec]iuni cardiovasculare [i-a propus s\ atrag\ aten]ia asupra numeroaselor posibilit\]i de profilaxie [i tratament (complementar, de `ntre]inere),

precum [i a avantajelor pe care fitoterapia le ofer\ fa]\ de tratamentul clasic cu medicamente de sintez\. Fitopreparatele sunt, de fapt, amestecuri complexe de substan]e care ac]ioneaz\ sinergic [i/sau complementar. Ca urmare, au un profil farmacologic mult mai complex decât al medicamentului de sintez\. ~n multe afec]iuni cardiovasculare (hipertensiunea arterial\, boala cardiac\ ischemic\, afec]iunile venoase), care au o etiopatogenie

multifactorial\,

fitopreparatele ofer\ principiile active capabile s\ ac]ioneze la diferite nivele [i astfel s\ regleze mecanismele responsabile de declan[area bolii. Fitopreparatele au o ac]iune farmacologic\ blând\ [i sunt grevate de mai pu]ine efecte adverse comparativ cu medicamentele de sintez\. De[i nu este lipsit\ de limite, fitoterapia trebuie s\ fie o component\

indispensabil\

a

farmacoterapiei

cardiovasculare

moderne [i prima op]iune `n profilaxia afec]iunilor cardiovasculare. Anca Miron

snirpuC 1 lulotipaC 1 ......................... ECAIDRAC IEŢNEICIFUSNI AIPARETOTIF niţnoc erac elategev esudorP .ecinotoidrac edizoreteH .1 .1 4 .............................................................. ecinotoidrac edizoreteh 5 .......................... ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh arutcurtS .1 .1 .1 6 ...... ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh la cigolocamraf luliforP .2 .1 .1 8 ................ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh acitenicocamraF .3 .1 .1 01..... ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh ela ecitueparet irăzilitU .4 .1 .1 01...................... ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aigolocixoT .5 .1 .1 11................................. ediolatigid ,ecilatigid edizocilG .6 .1 .1 21....................................................... abreh sidinodA .7 .1 .1 41.................................................. abreh eairallavnoC .8 .1 .1 61....................................................... muilof irdnaelO .9 .1 .1 71........................................................sublub eallicS .01 .1 .1 91..................................................nemes itnahportS .11 .1 .1 12.............................................................ărutpeceR .21 .1 .1 52 ........................... sutcurf igeatarC .erolf muc muilof igeatarC .2 .1 52................................................. ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .1 92 ................................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .1 64............................................ ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .1 05....................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .1 15...................................esaotnemacidem inuițcaretnI .5 .2 .1 25........................................ iițacidniartnoc iș iițuacerP .6 .2 .1 2 lulotipaC 65 ....................... ECIMEHCSI IEITAPOIDRAC AIPARETOTIF 16 ......................................................... erolf muc muilof igeatarC .1 .2 26.................................................. cigolocamraf liforP .1 .1 .2 86............................................ ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .1 .2 96 ................................................................................. solf eacinrA .2 .2 96 ............................................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .2 07.................................................. cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .2 47............................................ ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .2 47....................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .2 eralucsavoidrac inuiţcefa ronu lutnematart iş aixaliforp nî elanicidem eletnalP

47 ............................................................. sutcurf eagansiv immA .3 .2 57................................................. ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .2 57.................................................. cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .2 77 ......................................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .3 .2 77....................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .2 vitneverp lor uc elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .4 .2 77 ...........................................................ăcimehcsi aitapoidrac nî 3 lulotipaC 78 ............................ ECAIDRAC ROLIIMTIRA AIPARETOTIF 19 ....................................................... abreh iirapocs inmahtoraS .1 .3 29................................................. ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .3 29.................................................. cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .3 39............................................ ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .3 39....................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .3 roliimtira lutnematart nî etazilitu elategev esudorp etlA .2 .3 39 ...................................................................................... ecaidrac 4 lulotipaC 79 ................... ELAIRETRA IINUISNETREPIH AIPARETOTIF 001 ...................................................................... xidar eaiflowuaR .1 .4 101 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .4 201 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .4 301 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .4 301 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .4 301 .................................................................. abreh icsiV .2 .4 401 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .4 501 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .4 601 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .4 701 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .4 701 ...................................................................... sublub ivitas iillA .3 .4 801 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .4 011 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .4 511 ........................................ ăcituepareht nî erazilitU .3 .3 .4 511 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .4 511 ....................................................... erolf muc muilof igeatarC .4 .4 611 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .1 .4 .4 811 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .4 .4 noriM acnA

811 ............................................................................. muilof eaelO .5 .4 911 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .5 .4 911 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .5 .4 911 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .5 .4 021 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .5 .4 021 ................................................................. muilof irdnedodohR .6 .4 021 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .6 .4 121 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .6 .4 121 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .6 .4 121 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .6 .4 enuițca uc elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .7 .4 221 ....................................................................... ăvisnetrepihitna 5 lulotipaC 821 ................... ELAIRETRA IINUISNETOPIH AIPARETOTIF 921 ...................................................................... muilof iniramsoR .1 .5 921 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .5 031 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .5 131 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .5 131 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .5 231 ......................................................... abreh eacaidrac irunoeL .2 .5 231 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .5 331 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .5 331 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .5 331 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .5 431 ..................................................................................arohpmaC .3 .5 enuițca uc elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .4 .5 531 ........................................................................ ăvisnetopihitna 6 lulotipaC 831 ....... ECINORC ESAONEV IEȚNEICIFUSNI AIPARETOTIF 041 ................................................................ nemes inatsacoppiH .1 .6 141 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .6 141 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .6 251 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .6 251 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .6 351 ................................................................. xetroc inatsacoppiH .2 .6 351 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .6 451 ........... ăcitueparet nî erazilitu iș cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .6 eralucsavoidrac inuiţcefa ronu lutnematart iş aixaliforp nî elanicidem eletnalP

451 ............................................................................ abreh itolileM .3 .6 451 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .6 651 .............................................................. cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .6 751 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .3 .6 851 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .6 851 ............................................................ amozihr itaeluca icsuR .4 .6 851 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .4 .6 951 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .4 .6 061 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .4 .6 061 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .4 .6 161 ............................. muilof sidilemamaH;xetroc sidilemamaH .5 .6 161 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .5 .6 261 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .5 .6 261 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .5 .6 361 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .5 .6 nî etneicife elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .6 .6 lutnematart 361 ............................................................... esaonev rolinuițcefa 7 lulotipaC ELAIRETRA IILOB IȘ IEZORELCSORETA AIPARETOTIF 271 ........................................................................ EVIZULCO 671 ...................................................................... sublub ivitas iillA .1 .7 671 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .1 .1 .7 291 ....................................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .1 .7 491 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .3 .1 .7 491 ......................................................................... muilof earanyC .2 .7 591 ............................................... ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .7 791 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .7 891 .......................................... ăcitueparet nÎ erazilitU .3 .2 .7 891 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .7 991 ............................................................. muilof eabolib ogkniG .3 .7 991 ............................................................. ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .7 102 ................................................ cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .7 302 .......................................... ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .3 .7 402 ..................................................... esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .7 lutnematart nî etneicife elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .4 .7 402 ................................... evizulco elairetra iilob iș iezorelcsoreta noriM acnA

ecaidrac ieţneicifusni aiparetotiF

1 lulotipaC

AIPARETOTIF ECAIDRAC IEŢNEICIFUSNI aetaticapacni nirp \zaeziretcarac es \caidrac a]neicifusnI ro li]\tisece n rot\znupser oc niu gnas tibed nu arugi sa a ed iuludroc iu nu a , tneicifus ni ludroc ert\c ed , a erazilaer ua s/i[ e ralusit ecilobatem ral u cirtnev iulumulov a \ l a mrona aeret[erc nirp tav ceda niugnas tibed .cilotsaid ed esalc 4 \tsixe )noitaicossA traeH kroY weN( AHYN \puD I asalc :trofe ed ieenpsid aetatireves ed ei]cnuf n` \caidrac \]neicifusni irutrofe al eenpsid – II asalc ,elanoi]pecxe irutrofe al eenpsid – n` eenpsid – VI asalc i[ icim irutrofe al eenpsid – III asalc ,etiun[ibo . ) 2 ,1( suaper u as \cilotsis ai]cnu fsid ed \tanimreted etse \ca idrac a]neicifusnI \gnâts \ralucirtnev \cilotsis ai]cnufsiD .gnâts iululucirtnev a \cilotsaid ro lerbif a ei]cartnoc ed ii]\ti c apac aered\cs nirp \ zaeziretcarac es ,\vitatalid aitapoimoidrac n` erapa ei]cnufsid ed pit tsecA .ecidracoim ai] c nufsiD .tuca cidraco im lutcrafni ,\cinorc \cim ehcsi aitapoidrac ed ii]\ti c apac aered\cs n irp \ zaeziretcarac es \ ralucirtn ev \cilotsaid .r a lucir tnev i uleterep iir \zidigir i[ i ir\[orgn` a eram ru ac eisnetsid \vitcirtser aitapoimoidrac n` erapa \cilotsaid \caidrac a]neicifusnI n` i[ )\zotamorcomeh ,\zodiolima( evitartlifni rolesecorp \radnuces .\cifortrepih aitapoimoidrac 1

eralucsavoidrac inuiţcefa ronu lutnematart iş aixaliforp nî elanicidem eletnalP


n` i[ iroenu rapa ecaidrac ie]neicifusni ela ec inilc ir\tsefinaM ,ii]autis ed leftsa n~ .elamron ecidracoim i]\tilitcartnoc ienu elii]idnoc : tnus irota[nalced iirotcaf iilamona ienu \tarot ad \tneicifusni \ralucir tnev aerelpmu ; )\caidracodne \zorbif ,\lartim \zonets( ecaidrac ,\ranomlup eilo bme( lamron iuludroc a \csurb aera ticilosarpus .)2 ,1( )\tuca \lairetra enuisnetrepih o litcartnoc iulu secorp a \lanoi]cnuf i[ \cim otana aetatinU n ` \rtni iiremocraS . c aidrac iu luihc[um l uremocr as \tnizerper etnemalif nid i]iutitsnoc tnus i[ ecidacoim rolerbif a]nenopmoc tn u s iri]b us ele tnemaliF .dnurt\ pertn` es erac i r i ]bus i [ esao rg ecietorp iu nu amrof b us esupsid \nitca ed elucelom ed iru]nal 2 nid etamrof :\ caidrac ai]cartnoc n` nivretni ec enietorp etla e dulcni erac xileh ulbud ,etamrof tnus esaorg eletnemaliF .T i[ I ,C eleninoport i[ anizoimoport \noz ier\c a ,\rainil ,\xelpmoc \nietorp - \nizoim nid ,lapicnirp n` .\ ci z a-PTA etativitca \ tni z erp ,so lubolg tce psa nu uc ,\lanimret ed eli]nup \zaemrof es ,esaolubolg ii]\timertxe lulevin al ,\tadotoT .\nitca i [ \ nizoim e rtn` \rut\gel +2 aC iei]artnecnoc aeret[e rc ed \tai]ini e tse \caidrac ai]cartnoC ,su aper n ~ .ielotsis lu pmit n ` roletnemali foim a ereiporpa nid tâced \cim iam iro 401 .xorpa ed etse \msalpocras n` +2aC ai]artnecnoc ,ei]aticxe nirP .ralulecartxe lui]aps nid i[ cimsalpocras luluciter nid aec et se ,suaper ed ii]idn oc n` \taziralop ,\ cimelo cras anarbmem – jatlov +2aC ed etnel elelanac dihcsed es ,eramru aC .\taziraloped o \zaerebile es i[ ecimelocras ienarbmem lulevin al ed etnedneped erps \zaezufid +2aC .cimsalpocras luluciter nid +2aC ed eram etatitnac e r a cifidom o \nimreted at saecA .C aninoport e d \gael es i[ iremocras etimrep erac \ninoport - \nizoimoport iuluxelpmoc a \lanoi]amrofnoc aetatimertxE .\nitca ed ecinizoim esaolubolg ii]\timertxe aeragel ienitca aeracenula \nimreted ec aeec eiaodn` es \cinizoim \saolubolg i[ \zaetru cs es luremo cras ,er a mru aC .iulu remocr a s lurtnec erps .\ tca rtnoc es elelirbifoim noriM acnA

2


aeratrucs i[ \nitca ed iir\gel aeredev n` ienizo im aeratneiroeR aigrene ;eigrene ed musnoc \tisecen erac esecorp tnus iuluremocras esaolubolg eli]\timertxe ert\c ed PTA aeradnics nirp enivorp \rasecen .\ciza-PTA etativitca uc etartsezn` tnus erac ecinizoim .cimsalpocras luluciter ed i]atpac tnus +2aC iir\ziraloper lupmit n~ luxelpmoc ,\msalpocras nid +2aC iei]artnecnoc aered\cs uc \tadO e d eli] nup ,\lai]ini ai] a m rofnoc al eniver \ni noport - \n izoimoport \ zaexaler es elelirbifoim rai ,cafsed es \nizoim i[ \nitca ertnid \rut\gel .)3 ,1( i i ] i d n o c r o l i o n \ z a e t p ad a e s l u m s i n a g r o \ c a i d r a c a ] n e i c i f u s n i n ~ : etirefid emsinacem nirp ; i i n i c r a s e r p a e r e t [ e r c u c e i ro t a s n e p m o c \ r a l u c i r t n e v e i f o r t r e p i h a iutseca aerecuder s icerp iam ,niugnas iuluxulf a eriubirtsider uc )icitelehcs ih c[um ,i hcinir ,etnemug et( iirotiret etimuna n` , \ m i n i ( e l a t i v e l e n a g r o n ` l a m ro n n i u g n a s x u l f i u n u a e r e n i ] n e m iirecuder a er a mru ac a etatilirbefbu s le ftsa rapA .)reierc ;aesobo i[ \nilasordih ai]neter ,eratnemuget iei]agiri a C .n oretsodla - \nis netoign a - \nin e r iu lumets is aeravitca ec aeec noretsodla i[ II \nisnetoigna ed lulevin et[erc ,eramru ;\ nila sordih e i]neter i[ ei] cirt snocos av \nimreted n` aerarebile uc cigrener da sovren iu lumets is aeravitca \nirf eniperon e d etucserc ii]artnecn oc ronu a ei]alucric u c e i]cirtsnocos av ecudo rp anirfenip eroN .)\n ilanerdaron( ;eidracihat i[ ecirefirep eralucsav ie]netsizer aeret[erc aeec )\niserposav( citeruiditna nomroh ed iir\rebile aeret[erc .)3 ,2 ,1( \ pa ed ei]n eter i[ ei]ci r tsn ocosav \nimreted ec : enupuserp ecaidrac ie]neicifusni lutnematarT :nirp ec idracoim ii] \ti litcartno c aeralumits uc ecimelocras ieza – PTA - +K ,+aN aerabihni − ;\msalpocras n` +2aC iei]artnecnoc aeret[erc 3



;icigrenerda 1β rolirotpecer aeralumits − ;cPMA aeret[erc uc ecaidrac iezaretseidofsof aerabihni − ;ei]atal ido sav nirp iinicraserp uas/ i[ -tsop aeraunimid .)2 ,1( iezeruid aeret[erc nirp enilasordih iei]neter aerecuder esudorp etazilitu tnus ecaidrac ie]neicifusni aiparetotif n~ igeatarC lusudorp i[ ecinotoidrac edizoreteh ni]noc erac elategev .erolf muc muilof

elategev esudorP .ecinotoidrac edizoreteH .1 .1 ecinotoidrac edizoreteh niţnoc erac \nredom acitueparet n` ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aerazilitU gni rehtiW maill iW zelgn e iuluc idem elemun ed \t a gel s nârts etse nid eraotiud\m\t o ed tazilitu ”iaec“ nu dn ânimaxE .)9 971-1471( ,\caidrac a]neicifusni nid ieizipordih lutnematart n` erihsporhS et a r otad uare ”iuluiaec“ e la ecifeneb eletcefe \c tatat snoc a gnirehtiW ,.L aeruprup silatigiD( u[or le]eged ed roleznurf ie]nezerp a gnirehtiW 5871 n~ .etnalp ed lucetsema n` )eaecairaluhporcS ertnid elenu i[ u[or lule]eged dnivirp tropar nU aifargonom tacilbup i[ aizipordih dnivirp ecitcarp ii]avresbo uc :\nicidem n` elas elir\zilitu lacideM stI fo emoS dna evolgxoF eht fo tnuoccA nA / inui]cefa etla .sesaesiD rehtO dna ysporD no skrameR lacitcarP htiw :sesU erac ep ,elataf iro etlum ed ,ereves ec ixot roletcefe \tirotaD lu sudorp ,eirotaela erart s inimda a l cudorp el u [or le]eg ed ed eleznurf lutupecn` al \nâp \tsaorp ”\citueparet ei]atuper“ o tuva a lategev u a 5 0 9 1 l u n a n ` e i zn e K c a M e d e t a i ] i n i e l i i d u t S . X X i u l u l o c e s roledizoreteh la enui]ca ed iulumsinacem aeradicule al tiubirtnoc roletcefe a \libaredisnoc aerecuder simrep a ec aeec ecinotoidrac .)5 ,4( \tavceda eigolosop o-rtnirp esrevda ed tcnup nid citnedi \zaenoi]ca ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH nidro ed e]nerefid iamun \tsixe arotseca eletcefe ertn~ .vitatilac eredev noriM acnA

4


erac elarutcurts i]\tiralucitrap ronu etarotad tnus aetsecA .vitatitnac ed adaoirep ,\lanitsetni ei]brosba ed ludarg tirefid dom n` \zae]neulfni roledizoreteh aeranimile i[ aerazilobatem ,enui]ca ed atarud ,\]netal elai]nese elarutcurts eli]\tiralucitrap ,vitom tseca niD .ecinotoidrac e d e t a g e l e t c e p s a e l en u i [ m u c e r p , \ c i n o t o i d r a c a e n u i ] c a u r t n e p eci notoid rac roledizoreteh aig olocixot i[ acitenic ocamraf , aigolocamraf .lotipac iutseca ela etcnitsid i]r\p ac etatnezerp tnus

ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh arutcurtS .1 .1 .1 nocilga nu-rtnid etiutitsnoc tnus ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH \netac o i[ )42C( cidiloneidafub uas )32C( cidilonedrac pit ed cilorets .ezo 5-1 nid \tamrof \cidiculg etimuna ed \tanoi]idnoc etse \cinotoidrac aetativitcA : iulu nocilga ela e laru tcurts i ]\tiralucitrap -δ uas edilonedrac al )\dilonetub( \tarutasen-β ,α anotcal-γ ,ediloneidafub al )\diloneidaxeh( \tarutasen-ulbud anotcal ;β ei]izop n` \tatneiro ,71C al \taferg ela D i[ C ,B ,A rolirulcic a sic-snart-sic \cirets ai]arugifnoc ; cilorets iuluelcun ,3C al \taferg ,\tadizocilg uas \rebil ,)HO−( lixordih erapurg o ;β ei]izop n` \tatneiro litemixordih uas )OHC−( limrof ,)3HC−( litem erapurg o ;01C al \taferg )HO2HC−( ,51C−41C al ixope erapurg o uas 41C al lixordih erapurg o .β ei]izop n` etatneiro elebma \ tiutitsnoc etse e cinoto idrac roledizoreteh a \ cidiculg anetaC ecificeps ezo i[ )\zonmar-L ,\zotcurf-D ,\zoculg-D( etiun[ibo ezo nid rotimuna arutcurts n` iamun etnezerp ,rolezoixosed-2 lupit ed ecificeps elezo ,iroenU .)\zoramic ,\zoxotigid( ecinotoidrac edizoreteh 5



ed eleznurf nid ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh luzac n` ac etaliteca if top .)7 ,6 ,5( )eaecairaluhporcS ,.hrhE atanal silatigiD( sonâl le]eged R 1 = H / c a t e n a g l u c i d i c a

O 3

R

O

O

R

1 4

1 5

c a r d e n o l i d a

R 1 O

3

A

B

O H

1 0

R 3 =

2

C

D

1 7

/

R 2 = C H 3 / C H O / C H 2 O H

O b u f a d i e n o l i d a

ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh la cigolocamraf luliforP .2 .1 .1 : iimini elii]cnuf etaot \zae]neulfni ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH tneicifusni i[ lamron iuludracoim a ei]cartnoc ed a]rof cserc ;)v itizop p ortoni tcefe( ; )vitizop por to mtab tce fe( iuludraco im aetatil ibaticxe cserc : ) v i t i zo p p o r t o n o t t c e f e ( i u l u d r a c o i m a e t a t i c i n o t c s e r c portomord tcefe( \ralucirtnevoirta erecudnoc ed azetiv dacs ;)vitagen .)v it agen por tonorc tcefe( \caidrac a ]nevcerf dacs roledizoreteh aetaticapac nirp \cilpxe es vitizop portoni lutcefE erac \mizne ,\cimelocras aza-PTA-+K/+aN abihni a ed ecinotoidrac ed iulutneidarg avirtopm` +aN luxulfe i[ +K luxulfni \rugisa e c i d r a c o i m e l e l u l e c n ` , i e m i zn e i i r \ b i h n i a e r a m r u a C . e i ] a r t n e c n o c aeret[erC .edacs +K ai]artnecnoc ec pmit n` et[erc +aN ai]artnecnoc +2 aC uc +aN a eraot\bmihcs apmop \zaevitca +aN iei]artnecnoc ai]artnecnoC .ecidracoim elelulec n` +2aC aerednurt\p dniif a]nicesnoc +2 aC aerarebile ,etrap o ed ep ,\nimreted +2aC a \tucserc \ralulecartni +2 aC aerednurt\p ,etrap \tla ed ep rai ,cimsalpocras luluciter nid noriM acnA

6


.\cimelocras anarbmem nid +2aC ed etnel elelanac nirp ralulecartxe ai]cartnoc urtnep libinopsid ,\msalpocras nid +2aC ai]artnecnoc ,leftsA .)3( )1 .gif( et[erc ,ecidracoim rolerbif

roledizoreteh a evitizop portoni iinui]ca lumsinaceM .1 .giF )3( )t acifid om ,49 91 ,uro[up uL \pud( ec inotoidrac roledizoreteh aenui]ca al libisnes ni]up iam etse lamron ludroC . tn e i c i f u s n i l u d r o c t â c e d e c i n o t o i d r a c e ra t neicifusni iuludr a coim ii]\til itcartnoc aeralumitS caidrac iulutibed aeret[erc dniif \tnatropmi iam ,e]nicesnoc esaoremun et [e]\t\ nubm` caidrac i ulutib ed aer et[erC .ei ]ceje e d iei] carf a i[ al iei ]alucric aeravitca ni rp azeruid \zaelumits i[ \sa onev aerecraotn` .rapsid uas cuder es elemede ,eramru aC .laner levin 7



\mirped ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh ,\caidrac a]neicifusni n~ ,etrap o ed ep ,\nimreted ec aeec citapmis sovren iulumetsis aetativitca i[ elairetra iinuiserp ae red\cs uc ei]atalidonev i[ ei]at alidoloiretra .ieidracihat aerecuder ,etrap \tla ed ep rai ,esaonev ,vitcepser \zaelumits ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh ,ilamron ii]ceibus aL ,ae n emesa eD . c aidrac lut ibed et[erc a \r\f iulud raco im ae tatilitcartnoc ae ret[erc ed eti]osn` e i] cirtsnoconev i[ ei]ci rtsno c oloiretra cudorp aeec lagav lusunot cserC .\saonev \zats ,vitcepser i[ elairetra iinuiserp .ieidracidarb aeralatsni tcefe ac era ec -orp uas enatnops ecilotsaid iir\ziraloped aerautnecca nirP -ilibaticxe cserc ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh ,elai]netoptsop ed aerecud tnus emsinacem elebmA .)vitizop portomtab tcefe( \cidracoim aetat .ecaidrac iim tiraihat e d eraotareneg iam erilog o \nimreted iuludracoim a ei]cartnoc ed ie]rof aeret[erC ,ecilotsaidelet aenuiserp i[ lumulov ,eramru aC .gnâts iululucirtnev a \nub es taifortrepih gnâts iululucirtnev elinuisnemid ,dacs cilotsiselet lumulov .)vitizop portonot tcefe( et[erc \litcartnoc aeretup i[ cuder aetateirporp nirp \cilpxe es vitagen portomord lutcefE -oirta luludoN .lagav lusunot et[erc a ed ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh ,et[egnulerp es \ratcarfer as adaoirep ,tamirped etse ralucirtnev ,eramru ac ,i[ edacs lucirtnev al gnuja erac iruslupmi ed lur\mun a]neicife \cifitsuj tcefe tsecA .edacs eralucirtnev rolii]cartnoc a]nevcerf .lairta lu-rettulf i[ \lairta ai]alirbif n` ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh iulumtir iirir\r a eramru ac erapa vitagen portonorc lutcefE .)7-1( ieidracidarb aeralatsni uc ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh ert\c ed lasunis

ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh acitenicocamraF .3 .1 .1 ed \ta]neulfni etse ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh acitenicocamraF ed l udarg ed edniped ,ie ludnâr al ,erac ielucel om aetatiralop d arg nU .ecidiculg iene tac aemignul ed i[ iul uno cilga la eralixordih noriM acnA

8


ezo ed eram r\mun nu i[ mucerp ,iulunocilga la eralixordih ed tacidir .ielucelom aetatiralop libaredisnoc cserc ,\cidiculg anetac n` \rug nis o uc – adi zoxo tigid( eralopen eci no toidrac eledizoreteH elenarbmem ro[u tab\rts )cilorets luelcun ep \rebil lixordih erapurg .\laro erartsinimda al telpmoc i[ dipar brosba es ,eramru aC .eralulec ep \nimile es i[ ecitamsalp elenietorp ed eram ei]roporp n` \gael eS i[ tnel lutcefe ,etrap o e d ep ,\cilpxe ec aeec \laner i[ \railib elac .\vitalumuc etaticixot ed elenemonef ,etrap \tla ed ep rai ,libarud O

O

d x

d x

d x

O

O H

d x = d i g i t o x o z a

d i g i t o x o z i d a O H O

H O

O H R a

O

O H O H

R a = r a m n o z a G s t r o f a n t o z i d a

9

O

-o idrac eledizoreteH -otna forts- G( eral op ecinot -auo = adiz oiabauo = adiz -ih ir \pu rg icn ic uc – aniab luelc un ep ereb il lixord -lucifid uc tab\rts )cilorets .eralu lec elen arbmem etat al brosba es un ,eramru aC i[ vitsegid iulutcart lulevin ep iamun \zaertsinimda es -aexif eS .\saonevartni elac ed \ s uder ei]roporp n` \z



\ cilp xe ec aeec \laner el ac ep dipar \nimi le es i [ ecit amsalp elen ietorp e cixot rolii]caer aspil i[ tâc ,\tarud \trucs e d ,tpmorp lutcefe tâta .)8 ,6( evitalumuc

ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh ela ecitueparet irăzilitU .4 .1 .1 : n` \zaertsinimda es ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH ; \cilotsis ei]cnufsid nirp \caidrac a]neicifusni ; \lairta ei]alirbif uc \caidrac a]neicifusni ; la sunis m tir uc \cino r c \caidrac a]neicifusni .eneiranoroc iilob lurdac nid \caidrac a]neicifusni e t s e e c i n o t o i d r a c r o l e d i zo r e t e h a e t a t i c a c i f e , z a c l u m i t l u n ~ un elitcartn oc ecidracoim ele rbif nid etrap o \c i ulutpaf \t irotad \suder .\zorelcs i[ eimehcsi ed etatcefa dniif elanoi]cnuf tnus e p \ z a e r t s i n i m d a e s e c in o t o i d r a c e d i z o r e t e h u c e l e t a r a p e r p o t i F cata ed \zod o uc \paecn` \s lutnematart ac \dnamocer eS .\laro elac l e vin nu arugisa a ed lulor ua er ac ereni]ert n ` ed ezod ed \tamru .ecinotoidrac edizoreteh ed tneicife citamsalp eletad ed ei]cnuf n` \tazilaudividni eiubert tnematart ed amehcS .)8-1( \margoidracortcele ed i[ cinilc lunemaxe ed etazinruf

ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aigolocixoT .5 .1 .1 ii]caer tnevcerf rapa ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aerartsinimda aL : n ` uatsn oc erac ,elataf uas evarg iro etlum iam e lec ed ,ec ixot esrevda eidr acihat ,\tau tn ecca eid racidarb : ca idrac mtir e d irarublut ; lasunis pots ,lairtaonis colb ,\ralucirtnev ; \mov ,\]aerg ,eixerona : elanitsetniortsag ir\rublut iinil ,elauziv ii]\tiuca aeraunimid : eredev ed ir\rublut n`( \taroloc eredev ,lauziv lupmâc n` gaz-giz n` esaonimul ; eipolpid ,eigelpolcic ,)bla ,u[or ,edrev neblag ,iiglarven ,eelafec ,\laesobo : ecihisp i[ ecigoloruen ir\rublut .riled ,ii]aniculah ,einmosni ,eizufnoc ,eviserped ir\ts ,iizetserap noriM acnA

01


erazilobatem ,erazodarpus ed zac n` rapa ecixot esrevda eletcefE al eram iam etse rol a]nedicnI .eimeilakopih ,eraticifed eranimile i[ .cid racoim tcrafni nu tn ecer tiref us ua erac iec al i[ \tsrâv n` ii]neicap enupmi es ei]acixotni ed enmes rolemirp ai]irapa aL er ac eciteruid i[ ecinoto idrac edizoreteh ed iir \rtsin imda aerepurertn` ae razirot inom \dnamocer es ,aenemesa eD . + K ed aeranimile cserc luliforp n` ir\cifidom elautneve ronu aerei]nedive urtnep iulutneicap .)8-1( etartsinimda ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh la citenicocamraf : n` etacidniartnoc tnus ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH ; \ralucirtn ev eidracihat a]neicifusni nid elec caf ei]pecxe( eralucirtnev elotsisartxe ;)\caidrac ;eidracidarb ; ralucirtn ev-oirta colb ;\vitcurtsbo \cifortrepih eitapoimoidrac ;\cilotsaid ei]cnufsid nirp \caidrac \]neicifusni .)7-1( t ucserc tibed u c \caidrac \]neicifusni

ediolatigid ,ecilatigid edizocilG .6 .1 .1 e d t a t i m i l r \ m u n n u - r t n i d e t a l o z i t so f u a e c i n o t o i d r a c e d i z o r e t e H .)eaecalucnunaR ,eaecailiL ,eaecanycopA ,eaecairaluhporcS( iilimaf muilof eaeruprup silatigiD nid ecinotoidrac eledizoreteH nid i[ )ler\teged ,u[or le]eged ,eaecairaluhporcS ,.L aeruprup silatigiD( ,eaecairaluhporcS ,.hrhE atanal silatigiD( muilof eatanal silatigiD ,ecilatigid edizocilg ed elemun bus i[ etucsonuc ,)sonâl le]eged .ecaidrac ie]neicifusni lutnematart n` etazilitu ecisalc eliidemer \tnizerper .eiparetotif n` \sn` etazilitu tnus un elategev esudorp \uod eleC iiceps etla nid etalozi ecinotoidrac edizocilg tnus elediolatigiD elediolatigid ,ecilatigid roledizocilg rot\n\mesA .silatigiD ed elec tâced portomtab ,vitizop portoni dnânoi]ca iimini elii]cnuf etaot \zae]neulfni .vitagen portomord i[ vitagen portonorc ,vitizop portonot ,vitizop 11



nirp csebesoed es ecilatigid eledizocilg i[ elediolatigiD .\trucs iam \tarud ed tnus rolediolatigid eletcefE .\citenicocamraf levin al brosba es elediolatigid \c iulutpaf \zaerotad es atsaecA .\suder iam ei]roporp n` ecitamsalp elenietorp ed \zaexif es i[ lanitsetni u a ediolatigid uc e tcartxe \zae noi]idnoc erac eleta raperpotiF n i ] n o c e t a r ap e r p o t i f e t s e c a , \ l u g e r e D . \ x e l p m o c e t r a o f e i ] i z o p m o c o , \ l a p i c n i r p \ c i n o t o i d r a c ad i z o c i l g ( e c i n o t o i d r a c e d i z o r e t e h e t l u m i a m etidurn` ecinotoidrac edizoreteh 04 al \nâp i[ vitatitnac \nimoderp erac ili bitcart xe i[u pmoc i]la i[orem un ed irut\la ,)ats aeca uc larutcurts ,vitom tseca niD .)edionovalf ,edizonopas( elediolatigid uc \tado n` dnâ vA .\licifid etraof etse etaraperp ed left sa ronu a erazidradnats iip icnirp tn us elediolatig id \c lutpaf i[ muce r p ,tcepsa tseca eredev etaraperp ed leftsa ronu aeradnamocer ,cim citueparet ecidni uc evitca .ei] uacerp \mix a m uc \caf es \s eiubert n ` etazilitu ediol atigid uc elategev esudo rp elelapicnirP eairallavnoC ,abreh sidinodA : tnus ecaidrac ie]neicifusni aiparetotif .)01 ,9( nemes itnahportS ,sublub eallicS ,muilof irdnaelO ,abreh

abreh sidinodA .7 .1 .1 ela etirolfn` eneir ea eli]r\p \tnizerper ailimaf nid .L silanrev sinodA ieiceps \]uc[ur ralupop \timuned ,eaecalucnunaR .ineblag ie]ided uas \rav\mirp ed e l e n o z n ` \ t i d n âp s \ r g r a l , a i c e p S o etse ,ieporuE ela ecitse-dus i[ elartnec . e l i r e t s i [ e r e f i r o l f in ip l u t u c \ n e r e p \ t n a l p eliniplut nid tiutitsnoc etse lategev lusudorP e z n u r f u c , e t a c i f i m a r u a s e lp m i s , e r e f i r o l f eraoluc ed ,iram irolf i [ etatces-tanep .eirua-neblag noriM acnA

.L silan rev sinodA 21


pit ed ecinotoidrac edizoreteh %8,0-2,0 eni]noc abreh sidinodA .\dizoxotinoda i[ \dizoramic lapicnirp n` ,cidilonedrac O

O

O H C

3

R

c i m a r o z a

c i m a r o z i d a

H

r a m n o z a

a d o n i t o x o z i d a

2

O H

O H

R

H

R 1 O

O H

1

R

2

R

3

R

e d ei]roporp n` eb raosba es ad izoramic ,\laro erartsi nimda aL ,i[ ecitamsalp elenietorp ed eraxif ed \suder etaticapac o erA .%73-51 8, 2 ( \tarud \trucs ed etse r ad ,dipar \zaelatsni es as aenui ]ca ,eramru ac a e r a u n i m i d e d a t a r r a i , e r o 3 2 -3 1 e d e t s e e r i ] \ t \ m u j n ` e d l u p m i T . ) e l i z ep ,lapicnirp n` ,\nimile es adizoramiC .iz/%93-82 ed etse ii]\tivitca .\laner elac * -nirp uinemod ac ,\dnamocer )8891( E ieisimoC aifargonoM n id et cartxe \zaenoi]idn oc er a c eleta raperp ur tn e p ei] a cidni ed lapic etse dnâc sela iam ,\rao[u \caidrac a]neicifusni ,abreh sidinodA .esaov ren ir\rublut ed \ti]osn` \cigoloib etativitca o era sutamron sivlup abreh sidinodA .\diz oram ic %2,0 ed tuni]no c iunu erao t\znupseroc atsaeca nid etuni]bo eletcartxe i[ \tamron aereblup urtneP al ero 42/\tad o urtnep elezod ,)tacsu uas diulf tcartxe ,\rutcnit( : tnu s \laro erartsinimda ; g 6,0/g 2,0 : \tamron ereblup ; g 0,6 /g 0 ,2 : )01 :1( \rutcnit ; g 0 ,3/g 0,1 : )5 :1( \rutcnit - \zitrepxe ed tetimoc nu ta]niifn` a ainamreG nid ii]\t\n\S luretsiniM 8791 n` i[ etnalp ed 003 etsep a a]narugis i[ aetaticacife aulave a urtnep – E aisimoC .ainamreG n` etazilaicremoc etnalp ed ireicosa 31

*



;g 6,0/g 2,0 : )1 :1( diulf tcartxe .g 51,0/g 50 ,0 : )1 :4( tacsu tcartxe elategev etcartxe etla ed irut\la ,abreh sidinodA nid etcartxE :er eicosa ed etaraperp ro nu ai]izopmoc n` \rtni ,ediol atigid dnâni]noc ,®NOTORIM ,SULP N ®NITTUGROC ,®NITTUGROC - ® T N A C A X O , ETROF N ®NOT ORIM ,E T R O F ® N O T O R I M .)51-9( N ETROF

abreh eairallavnoC .8 .1 .1 eneir ea eli]r\p \tnizerper -noC ieiceps ela etirolfn` -af nid .L silajam airallav \timuned ,eaecailiL ailim uas e r a o i m \ r c \ l ralupop .ler\tir\gr\m .L silajam airallavnoC ed aciremA ,aporuE n` et[erc .tsev ed aisA i[ droN -oecnal-lavo eznurf \tnizerP .L silajam airallavnoC ei]avren uc ,etanimuca ,etal .laretalinu mecar nu-rtn` etapurg tnus emrofilupuc ,ebla ,elirolf ; \lelarap O

O

R R a

O

O H

R c o n v a l a t o x o l

R a = r a m n o z a

c o n v a l a t o x o z i d a

C H 2 O H

O H

C H O

noriM acnA

41


e d e c i n o t o i d r a c e d i zo r e t e h % 5 , 0 - 1 , 0 e n i ] n o c a b r e h e i r a l l a v n o C .lox otalavnoc i [ \ dizoxot a lavnoc lapic nirp n` ,cidi lonedrac pit etse iedizoxotalavnoc a ei]brosba ed atar ,\laro erartsinimda aL un ecitamsalp elenietorp ed eraxif ed ludarg rai ,%01 iamun ed -04 uc ecuder es as aetativitca erartsinimda al ed iz o aL .%61 et[e[\ped .\railib i[ \laner elac ep msinagro nid \nimile es adizoxotalavnoC .%05 es abreh eairallavnoC nid ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aenui]cA nid dipar \ nimile es ecin otoidr a c eledizoreteH .tpmo rp \zaelatsni etaticixot ed rolenemonef a]nesba \cilpxe ec aeec msinagro a erecudn oc ed lumets is \za etcefa un ,aene mesa eD .\vitalumuc .enegomtira etcefe ua un ,eramru ac ,i[ iimini lulevin al roliruslupmi n` \zaertsinimda es abreh eairallavnoC nid eletaraperP -gniga lumordnis n` i[ eidracidarb uc \taicosa \caidrac a]neicifusni levin al vitades \zaenoi]cA .)lecud\p ed etcartxe uc ereicosa n`( traeh .elanoi]cnuf ecaidrac el inui]cefa n` i[ etacidni dniif caidrac eletaraperp aerazilitu \dnamocer )7891( E ieisimoC aifargonoM n` ,trofe ed ,\rao[u \caidrac a]neicifusni n` abreh eairallavnoC nid . c i n o r c r a n o m l u p l u d ro c n ` i [ r o l i c i n t s r â v e l a e c a i d r a c e l i n u i ] c e f a ii]caer iroerar \caovorp abreh eairallavnoC nid eletaraperP .)irut\sr\v , \]aerg( er a o[u esrevda \cigoloib etativitca o era sutamron sivlup abreh eairallavnoC .\dizoxot a lavn oc %2,0 ed tuni]no c iunu erao t\znupseroc atsaeca nid etuni]bo eletcartxe i[ \tamron aereblup urtneP al ero 42/\tad o urtnep elezod ,)tacsu uas diulf tcartxe ,\rutcnit( : tnu s \laro erartsinimda ; g 6,0/g 2,0 : \tamron ereblup ; g 0,6 /g 0 ,2 : )01 :1( \rutcnit ; g 0 ,3/g 0,1 : )5 :1( \rutcnit ;g 6,0/g 2,0 : )1 :1( diulf tcartxe .g 51,0/g 50 ,0 : )1 :4( tacsu tcartxe 51



ronu ai]izopmoc n` \rtni abreh eairallavnoC nid etcartxE : e c a i d r a c i e ] n e i c i f u s n i lu t n e m a t a r t n ` e t a c i d n i e r e i c o s a e d e t a r a p e r p ,®NOTORIM ,SULP N ®NITTUGROC ,®NITTUGROC - ® T N A C A X O , ETROF N ®NOT ORIM ,E T R O F ® N O T O R I M .)61 ,51 ,31-9( N ETROF

muilof irdnaelO .9 .1 .1 ieiceps ele znurf \tnizerper -imaf nid .L rednaelo muireN \tucsonuc ,eaecanycopA ail urdnaelo ed aerimuned bus .urdnael uas n` et[e rc lurdnaelO n` i[ ene enaretid e m elenoz nu etsE .\laciportbus aisA ,etnetsisrep eznurf uc tsubra , e l i r o l F . e t a lo e c n a l , e c a i r o c tnus ,5 lupit ep ,zor uas ebla -oc e] necsero lfni n ` etapurg .L rednaelo muireN -otaD .e lanimret emrofibmir .\latnemanro \tnalp ac tlum \vitluc es ,rolirolf la tuc\lp iulusorim \tir O

O 3

O C O C H o l e a n d r o z a

O

O H o l e a n d r o z i d a

noriM acnA

61


adizoreteh ,edilonedrac %2-1 eni]noc muilof irdnaelO lulatot nid %38 .xorpa( adizordnaelo dniif \lapicnirp \cinotoidrac . )cidilonedrac darg tacidir iam lec era adizordnaelo ,elediolatigid etaot ertniD ed \zaexif es adizordnaelO .)%68-56( lanitsetni levin al ei]brosba ed % 1 4 u c e d a c s a s a e t a t i v i t c A . %0 5 e d e i ] r o p o r p n ` e c i t a m s a l p e l e n i e t o r p 56,2 \pud rapsid eletcefe ,eramru ac ,i[ erartsinimda al ed iz eraceif n` .\railib i [ \laner e lac ep \nimi le es adizo rdnaelO .eliz eletcartxe vitizop taicerpa a un E ieisimoC aifargonom 8891 n~ tsof a un rol aetaticacife ,etrap o ed ep ,eceraoed muilof irdnaelO nid rolii]caer a]nedicni ,etrap \tla ed ep rai ,ecinilc iiduts nirp \tidevod ,e cinilc iiduts ronu amru n` ,3991 n~ .\tacidir ed lutsed are esrevda er e icosa ed iulutaraperp a \cituep aret aeraolav t ucs onucer a E aisimoC muilof irdnaelO nid tacsu tcartxe nu eni]noc atseca ; ®NOTORIM \dnamocer E aisimoC .ediolatigid uc elategev etcartxe etla ed irut\la uc \caidrac \]neicifusni ed erao[u emrof n` iulutaraperp aerazilitu . iirotalu c ric e]neicifed ai]izopmoc n` i[ \rtni muilof irdnaelO nid tacsu tcartxe nU .ETROF ®NOTORIM ereicosa ed iulutaraperp n` etacidniartnoc tnus muilof irdnaelO nid eletaraperP uc lutnematart ,AHYN \pud VI i[ III eliidats \caidrac a]neicifusni \]neicifed ,eimeclacrepih ,ecilatigid uc ai]acixotni ,ecilatigid edizocilg .\ralucirtnev eidracihat ,eidracidarb ,K ed \cigoloib etativitca o era sutamron sivlup muilof irdnaelO .) 71 ,51 , 31-9( \dizo r dnae lo %5,0 ed tuni]no c iunu erao t\znupseroc

sublub eallicS .01 .1 .1 a e n i g r U i e i c e p s i u lu b l u b e l a e n a i d e m e l e m a u c s \ t n i z e r p e r amitiram aimirD .nis .hnietS allics aenigrU .nis rekaB ).L( amitiram \paec ed aerimuned bus \tucsonuc ,eaecailiL ailimaf nid nraetS ).L( .eram ed 71



O

tnedneped ,ei[or i[ \bla :eram ed \paec e d i]\teirav \uod \tsixE n` \tazilitu tsof a bla lublub uc aetateiraV .roliblub aeraoluc ed a i[ ecaidrac r olinui] cefa lutnematart .etatihcitnA nid \cn` ieizipordih aenigrU , u [ o r b l u b u c a e t a t e i r a V i[ed ,yerG ).rr uoF te .d roJ( acidimun es ,ecinotoid rac i] \teirporp era . d i c i t a r a c i a mu n e t [ e s o l o f \tidnâps \r etse eram ed apaeC n ~ .eneenaretid em elen oz n` sela iam nid tamrof b lub nu \tnizerp los iur \c a etacirb mi emaucs esaoremun rekaB ).L( amitiram aenigrU .gk 8 i[ 3 ertn` \za irav etatuerg iuzrev-bla irolf i[ esaonr\c ,etaloecnal eznurf \tnizerp \refirolf anipluT .\s aomecar \]n e cse rolfni o -rtn` etapurg pit ed ecinotoidr a c edizoreteh %2-51,0 eni ]noc sublub eallicS .A neralics i[ A lonegiralicsorp lapicnirp n` ,cidiloneidafub O

R

A

iululonegiralicsorp

R O

s c i l a r e n A

g l u c o z a

\tnizerp

O H

p r o s c i l a r i g e n o l A

r a m n o z a r a m n o z a

ii]airav

acit enicocamraF

a ei]bros ba ed atar ,la nitsetni levin al ,le f tsA . iram elaudividni ed \zaexif e S .%03 i[ %02 ertn` \zairav A iululon egiralicsorp ed pmit nu erA .)%58( \tacidir ei]roporp n` ecitamsalp elenietorp noriM acnA

81


iz erac eif n` % 05-03 uc e dacs as aeta tivitcA .ero 94 -32 ed eri]\t\mujn` .eliz 3-2 ed tlum iam \zaerud un ,eramru ac ,i[ erartsinimda al ed .\laner elac e p ,l apicnirp n` ,\nimile es A lulon egiralicsorP .citeruid tcefe cinretup nu i[ ua sublub eallicS nid eletcartxE a]neicifusni n` etneicife tnus sublub eallicS nid eletaraperP az orelcs i[ mezifme ed ti] osn` ranomlup lud roc ,\tpaerd \caidrac etse un \]neicife asupuserp ,iruzac \uod elemitlu n` ,i[ed \nairanoroc .ecifi]niit[ ii]agitsevni ed \tuni]sus aerartsinimda \dnamocer )5891( E ieisimoC aifargonoM a]neicifusni ed erao[u elemrof n` sublub eallicS nid roletaraperp sivlup sublub eallicS .elaner ii]cnufsid uc ii]neicap al raihc i[ \caidrac ed tuni]noc iunu eraot\znupseroc \cigoloib etativitca o era sutamron .A lonegiralicsorp %2,0 atsaeca nid etuni]bo eletcartxe i[ \tamron aereblup urtneP e r a r tsinimda al ero 42/ \ tad o urtnep elezod ,) tacsu t cartxe ,\rutcnit( : tnus \laro ; g 5,0-1,0/g 1,0 : \tamron ereblup ; g 0,5-0,1 /g 0 ,1 : )01 :1( \rutcnit .g 521,0-5 20,0/g 520 ,0 : )1 :4( tacsu tcartxe etaraperp ronu ai]izopmoc n` \rtni sublub eallicS nid etcartxE ed etaraperp i[ tâc ,etaraperponom tâta( \cinotoidrac enui]ca uc ®N O TOR IM

,®NOTORIM

,®NORIMALLICS

:)ereicosa

.)91 ,81 ,51 ,31-9( ETROF N ®NOTORIM ,ETROF

nemes itnahportS .11 .1 .1 te .llaW( sutarg sutnahportS roliiceps ele]nimes \tnizerper sudipsih sutnahportS i[ revilO ébmok sutnahportS ,tehcnarF ).kooH .eaecanycopA ailimaf nid .C.D 91



cserc sutnahportS ed eliicepS u c , e n a i l t n u s ; \ l a i ro t a u c E a c i r f A n ` i[ erbalg uas etnecsebup ,esupo eznurf \tni zerp elatep ro r\c ela irolf uc -cu r F .\cilgnap ed \mrof n ` irignulerp u c \tnegrevid \lucil o fid o etse lut o etâc uc etuz\ verp e]nimes 002-001 irep ed tehcub nu uc tn emalif( \terge .)t\pac al i[os\t\m -8 eni]noc nemes itnahportS pit ed ecinoto idrac edizoreteh %01 etse γ-adizotnaforts-K .cidilonedrac nid \lapicnirp \cinotoidrac adizoreteh ébmok sutnahportS ed ele]nimes ed ele]nimes n` ec pmit n` ,revilO ).kooH te .llaW( sutarg sutnahportS -G vitatitnac \nimod erp tehcnarF .)aniabauo ,adizoiabauo( adizotnaforts

revilO ébmok sutnahportS O

O

O

O

O H C

H O

H O

O H O

O H

c i m a r o z a

O H

R a

O

O H

b e t a g l u c o z a

O H

a l f a g l u c o z a

R a = r a m n o z a K s t r o f a n t o z i d a g a m m a

G s t r o f a n t o z i d a

noriM acnA

02


iam aec aenui]ca uc \cinotoidrac adizoreteh etse adizotnaforts-G ,i[ \saonevartni aerartsinimda \pud etunim avetâc al ,leftsA .\dipar . a idr acihat \z aelatsni es , etn el iam i r\tcejni ienu lup mit n` raihc iroenu etunim 01-3 \pud \zaelatsni es aenui]ca \saonevartni erartsinimda aL es lanitsetni levin aL .e r atcejni al ed etunim 09 al mixam nu egnita i[ e r a rtsinimda al ed iz o \puD . %5-3 iamun ed ei]rop orp n` ebraosba iu ludr a coim a r bif ep \zae l umuc uN .% 05-04 uc ecud er es as aetativitca .\lan er elac ep \n imile es i[ \laro erartsinimda al ,γ-adizotnaforts-K et[evirp ec aeec n~ e ra tcejni al ; )%03-02( \t acidir iam ei]roporp n` ebraos ba es atsaeca .ero 63 \zaerud i[ etunim 51-5 \pud erapa cinotoidrac lutcefe etirefid n` itnahportS arutcniT iamun et[esolof es eiparetotif n~ .elartsig am elumrof un nemes itnahportS nid iirutcnit a \laro elac ep aerartsinimdA .ro ledizotnafor ts a \saon evartni aerart sinim da iuti tsbus etaop arutcniT nid ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh ,\laro erartsinimda aL .erenupmocsed nirp etavitcani ,etrap eram iam aec n` ,tnus itnahportS arutcnit ,vitom tseca niD .\suder etraof ei]roporp n` brosba es ,sulp n~ eS .erao[u e neiranoroc i[ e cidracoim ii]cnufsid n` iamun \tneicife etse uc ,inul avetâc ed ,ignul edaoirep ep iirutcnit aerartsinimda \dnamocer etla uc aietseca aereicosa i[ mucerp ,\zuap ed etaluger elavretni ,eannodalleB arutcniT ,eairallavnoC arutcniT( elategev irutcnit .)51 ,31-9( )eanairelaV arutcniT

ărutpeceR .21 .1 .1 e l a t e g e v r o l e t c a r tx e \ z a i c o s a s o j i a m e d e l a r t s i g a m e l e l u m r o F elE .evitanimrac uas/i[ e vitades i]\teirporp uc e tcartxe ediolatigid uc \nigna ,\caidrac \]neicifusni ed erao[u emrof n` etacidni tnus i[ e inotog a v n` i[ rad ,\z orelcso reta ,\lairetra e nu isnetrep ih ,\larotcep .)02( dlehmeoR mordnis 12



\dnamocer es e lani tsetniortsag i[ ec aid rac elii]cnufsid n~ n~ .)eanairelaV arutcniT( erao[u evitades uc rolediolatigid aereicosa ed aerart sinimda \tacidni e tse dlehmeoR mo r d nis uas \zorelcsoreta ai]irapa ineverp a urtnep \vitanimrac \rutcnit uas noimihc ed ielu .iulumsiroetem i[ eircserp es einotogav n` i[ rad ,dlehmeoR lumordnis n~ .)9( citilomsaps tcefe uc muilof eannodalleB nid arutcnit : \rao[u \caidrac a]neicifusni n~ : allicS muc igeatarC arutcniT .pR g 0,5

eallicS arutcniT

g 0,01

igeatarC arutcniT

g 0,03 da

eanairelaV arutcniT oitulos .f .M

iz / .cip 51 x 3 , nretni .s .D e nigiro ed ii]atiplap ed \ti]osn` \rao[u \ caidrac a]neicifusni n~ : \saovren .pR g 0,5

eairallavnoC arutcniT

g 0,01

igeatarC arutcniT

g 0,51

eanairelaV arutcniT

oitulos .f .M esem \p ud ,iz / .cip 03- 02 x 3 , nretni .s .D

noriM acnA

22


lumo rdnis n` i[ es aonign a emotpmis uc azo relcsoreta n~ :dlehmeoR .pR g 0,5

ivraC muelO eairallavnoC arutcniT igeatarC arutcniT avitanimrac arutcniT

g 0,01 āā

isortin sirehtea sutiripS oitulos .f .M

iz / .cip 51 x 3 , nretni .s .D :dlehmeoR lumordnis n~ .pR g 0,5

ivraC muelO itnahportS arutcniT

g 0,01 āā

eannodalleB arutcniT

g 0,02

aerehtea eanairelaV arutcniT oitulos .f .M

iz / .cip 03 x 3 , nretni .s .D :\larotc ep anigna n~ .pR itnahportS arutcniT eanairelaV arutcniT g 0,01 āā

isortin sirehtea sutiripS oitulos .f .M

iz / .cip 02 x 3 , nretni .s .D 32



:elanoi]cnuf ecaidrac e linui]cefa n~ .pR mudiulf sidinodA mutcartxE eairallavnoC arutcniT g 0,01 āā


iz / .cip 03 x 3 , nretni .s .D .pR itnahportS arutcniT eairallavnoC arutcniT e acim ov sicuN arutcniT g 0,01 āā


iz / .cip 03 x 3 , nretni .s .D :\lairetra enuisnetrepih ,elotsisartxe ,einotogav n~ .pR g 0,01

itnahportS arutcniT

g 0,01

eannodalleB arutcniT

g 0,02


iz / .cip 03 x 3 , nretni .s .D

noriM acnA

42


erolf muc muilof igeatarC .2 .1 sutcurf igeatarC eletcurf vitcepser ,eznurf ed eti]osn` ele]necserolfni \tnizerper .C i[ .mdniL .dneme .qcaJ anygonom sugeatarC eliiceps al ed etatlocer ail imaf n id ).lliuhT s e diohtn acayxo .C ( .C .D )terio P( atagiveal .ranihgrehg uas enic\r\m ,lecud\p ralupop etimuned ,eaecasoR -nep .C :sugeatarC ed iiceps etla i[ etidnâps\r tnus aporuE n~ ..L suloraza .C ,.tiK te .tsdlaW argin .C ,.dlliW xe .tiK te .tsdlaW anygat ror\c ela icim ir obra uas it [ubra tnus l ecud\p ed eliicepS ladiobmor tnus eleznurF .inips i[oremun uc etuz\verp tnus ii]acifimar ,5 lupit ep ,zor uas ebla , elirolf rai ,etadif-tanep u as etabol -tanep ,etavo ei[or eraoluc ed epurd tnus eletcurF .i]acifimar ibmiroc n` etapurg tnus .)42 ,32 ,22 ,12 ,11 ( \rgaen uas

.mdniL .dneme .qcaJ anygonom sugeatarC

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .1 l ecud\p ed elirolf i[ ele znurf n id i]alozi i]neu titsnoc iilapicnirP : )52 ,11( tnus ,\nitnei r o , \ nixetivo zi ,\nixetiv : e cinovalf edizocilg-C ; \dizonm ar-n ixetiv , \nitneiroozi 52


ecaidrac ieţneicifusni aiparetotiF O H

G l

H O

O

G l

O H O

O H O

G l = g l u c o z a

G l = g l u c o z a

v i t e x i n a o r i e n t i n a

R HO H

i z o o r i e n t i n a

O H O H

H O

O

G l O

O

O R

7

O H O

O H O

h i p e r o z i d a g R a l a c t o z a

G l = g l u c o z a

r u t o z i d a

r a m n o z a g l u c o z a

l u t e o l i n

7

g l u c o z i d a

O H

O H

H O

O

O H

H O

O

O H

O H

O H

O H

O H

+

c a t e h i n a

-

e p i c a t e h i n a

( )

H O

O

i z o v i t e x i n a

R HO H

O H O H

62

noriM acnA

R

R O H

; \dizoculg-7-niloetul ,\dizotur ,\dizorepih : ecinovalf edizocilg-O

i[ iremogilo ,iremid ,\nihetacipe ,\nihetac : icinavalf i[upmoc ; icilodinaicotnaorp iremilop

( )

ecaidrac ieţneicifusni aiparetotiF O H

O H

H O

O

O H

H O

O

O H

4

O H

4

O H

O H

O H O H

O H

H O

O 8

8

O H

H O

O

O H

O H

O H

O H

O H

p r o a n t o c i a n i d o l u l B 1

p r o a n t o c i a n i d o l u l B 2 O H

O H

]\nihetacipe-)−(-)8→β4(-\nihetacipe-)−([ ]\nihetac-)+(-)8→β4(-\nihetacipe-)−([ H O

O

O H

H O

O

O H

4

O H

4

O H

O H

O H

O H

O H

H O 8

O H

8

O

H O

O

O H

O H

O H

O H

4

4

O H

O H

O H

H O 8

O H

8

O

H O

O

O H

4

O H

O H

O H

O H

O H

p r o a n t o c i a n i d o l u l C 1

H O

O 8

O H O H

O H o l i g o m e r p r o a n t o c i a n i d o l i c

-)−(-)8→β4(-\nihetacipe-)−([ -\nihetacipe -)−(-)8→β4(-]\nihetacipe ]\nihetacipe-)−(-)8→β4( 72

-)−(-)8→β4(-\nihetacipe-)−([ -)−(-)8→β4(-]\nihetacipe ]\nihetacipe



; c i n eg o r o l c i [ c i e f a c i i z i c a : i c i l i x o b r a c l o n e f i l o p i z i c a H O

C O O H O H

H O

H O

H O

O

C O O H H O

H O

O

a c i d c a f e i c

a c i d c l o r o g e n i c

; c ilogetarc i[ cil onaelo ,c ilosru iizica : ecilcicatn ep enepretirt 1

R

2

R

C O O H H O

H O

C O O H

a c i d o l e a n o l i c a c i d u r s o l i c

H C H

3

1

R

C H H

3

2

R

H O

a c i d c r a t e g o l i c

i[ mucerp ,\nimalimaozi ,\nilocliteca ,\niloc :elpmis enima ;enimailop ;ciru dica ,\ninaug ,\nizoneda ,\nineda :icinitnax i]avired ,C i[ 1B elenimativ ,elitalov etnenopmoc :i[upmoc i]la .K ed irur\s ,icinaicotna i]nemgip ,edionetorac )sutcurf igeatarC( lecud\p ed roletcurf a \cimihc ai]izopmoC eletcurf ;lecud\p ed rolirolf i[ roleznurf a aec uc eraot\n\mesa etse ilodinaicotnaorp i[ edionovalf ed \cim iam etatitnac o \sn` ni]noc .)52( )I .bat( elirolf i[ eleznurf uc vitarapmoc noriM acnA

82


edionovalf n` )tacsu lategev sudorp g 001 al g( lutuni]noC .I .baT lecud\p ed eletcurf i[ elirolf ,eleznurf nid ilodinaicotnaorp i[ )52( )4991 ,luaK i[ nom mA \pud( etcurF

irolF

eznurF

051,0 – 440,0 – 520,0 – 510,0 861,0 – 601,0 –

84,2 410,0 12,0 96,0 61,0

*87,1 20,0 35,0 82,0 71,0

)9,0 – 7,0 ±( 9,2 9,1

)8,0 – 5,0 ±( 3,3 3,2

)8,0 – 5,0 ±( 8,3 7,2

i]neutitsnoC edionovalF latot tuni]noC \nixetiV \dizonmar-nixetiV \dizorepiH \dizotuR ilodinaicotnaorP latot tuni]noC iremogilO icilodinaicotnaorp irolf uc *

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .1 n ~ . \ l a n i c i d e m \ t n a l p a c \ t ag n u l e d n ` e i r o t s i o e r a l u l e c u d \ P lutnematart urtnep etazilitu uare elas eletcurf i[ eleznurf IIIX luloces uaesolof iizenihC .)irut\sr\v ,eeraid( elanitsetniortsag rolii]cnufsid .eenpsid i[ eimedipilrepih n` ,ieitsegid aeralumits urtnep lulecud\p urtnep i[ citeruid ac ta zilitu tsof a IIIVX luloces uc dnâpecn~ lutnematart n` as aerazilitu aporuE n~ .ilaner roliluclac aeranimile tazilitu tsof a 6981 niD .0081 nid \zaetad eralucsavoidrac rolii]cnufsid .droN ed aciremA n` \ lacidem a citcarp n` i[ eiparet ac sela iam \zaertsinimda es lecud\p ed eletcartxe iz\tsA \]neicifusni :eralucsavoidrac ii]cnufsid esaoremun n` \vitanretla .)62( eimedipilrepih i[ \lairetra enuisnetrepih ,\larotcep \nigna ,\caidrac ed eletcurf i[ e l irolf ,eleznurf nid e ciloocl a ordih etcartxE iinu i[ ecilodinaicotnaorp ,ecidionovalf inui]carf i[ mucerp ,lecud\p -7-niloetul ,\dizotur ,\dizorepih ,\nihetacipe( i]alozi irup i]neutitsnoc a ei]cartnoc ed a]rof cserc ,)cilogetarc dica ,\nixetiv ,\dizoculg 92



a \vitizop portoni aenui]cA .)vitizop portoni tcefe( iuludracoim rol iremo gilo ,lapicnirp n` ,\tarotad etse le cud \p ed roletcartxe .)12( roledionovalf i[ icilodinaicotnaorp lecud\p ed roletcartxe a evitizop portoni iinui]ca lumsinaceM :n` ,lapicnirp n` ,\tsnoc i[ xelpmoc etse a e r a c o l b n i r p l i t c a r t n o c i u l u s e c o r p r a s e c e n r a l u l e c a r t n i + 2a C a e r e t [ e r c − ec aeec +2aC al roletnemalifoim aerazilibisnes − ;ieza-PTA-+K/+aN ed ie]rof a eret[erc o \nimreted lecud\p ed eletcartxe \c \nmaesn` . +2aC la ralulecartni lulevin ed \tnednepedni iuludracoim a ei]cartnoc adaoirep tâta csegnulerp lecud\p ed eletcartxe ,aenemesa eD rolelanac aeracolb nirp enui]ca ed iululai]netop atarud i[ tâc ,\ratcarfer .)7 2( )2 .gif( + K e d

lecud\p ed roletcartxe a evitizop portoni iinui]ca lumsinaceM .2 .giF )72( )5002 ,.loc i[ suixirB \pud( n` cilosotic +2aC atropsnart a ed lulor era erac \ciza-PTA-+2aC \pmop = a2 ACRES( \nidonair ed rotpecer = 2 RyR ; ielotsaid lupmit n` cimsalpocras iululuciter lunemul aerarebile nirp +2aC a \ralulecartni ai]artnecnoc alger a ed lulor era erac 2 pit ed \nietorp o etse – nabmalofsof = NLP ; cimsalpocras luluciter nid +2aC ed rolevrezer iululuciter lulevin al ed \ciza-PTA-+2aC apmop libisrever \bihni erac \rematnep )roleticoimoidrac la cimsalpocras noriM acnA

03


un ,er a mru ac ,i[ a zar e tseidofs of \bihni u n lecud\p ed eletcartxE ieiparet la rojam jatnava nu eiutitsnoc ec aeec cPMA ed lulevin cserc \ c l u t p a f t a i ] n e d iv e u a e c in i l c i i d u t s e s a o r e m u N . e t c a r t x e e d l e f t s a u c i[upmoc( cPMA ed lulevin cserc erac ecinotoidrac ed aerartsinimda – icilozadimi i[upmoc ,\nonirma i[ \nonirlim – icinidiripib \ ] n e i c i f u s n i u c i i ] n e i c a p a l i i ] \ t i l a t ro m a e r e t [ e r c \ n i m r e t e d ) \ n o m i x o n e .) 82 ,72( \ta rud ed iipar e t ienu lu zac n` \caidrac cserc( vitizop portonorc \zaenoi]ca lecud\p ed eletcartxE e r ecudnoc ed azetiv cs erc( vi tizop portomo r d ,)\caidrac a]nevcerf ae ta tilibaticxe

dacs(

vit a gen

portomtab

i[

)\ralucirtnev-oirta

cuder i[ cidracoim i[ nairanoroc niugnas luxulf cserc ,)\cidracoim iululecud\p la cigolocamraf luliforP .\cirefirep \ralucsav a]netsizer etcefe \tlovzed erac ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh la lec ed \refid .)92 ,9( evitizop portomtab i[ evitagen portomord eletcefe taulave ua ecinilc i[ oviv ni ,ortiv ni iiduts esaoremuN arpusa arotseca ia i]neutitsnoc ronu a i[ mucerp ,lecud\p ed roletcartxe .ec idr acoim ii ]\tilitcartnoc ,gnâts lucirtnev ,talozi droc ep etautcefe ortiv ni eliidutS a eret[erc o tai]nedive ua tperd iululucirtn ev la ralip ap ihc[um a ]nezerp n` eiat\b-iuluti bed a i[ ecid racoim ro lii]car tnoc ii nidutilpma ts of a ecaidrac ii]\tilitcar tn oc aer et[erC .)II .bat( lecud \p ed roletcartxe raihc tarts\p a-s i[ uiduts n` taul iulutcartxe ai]artnecnoc ed \tnedneped .)03( \tnatsnoc enuiserp uc etalozi iimini iir\zufrep elii]idnoc n` tsof ua ei]artnecnoc ed etnedneped evitizop portoni etcefE nid ecilodinaicotnaorp i[ ecidionovalf elinui]carf urtnep i[ etai]nedive − "2 − nixetiv \cramer es i]atset irup ii]neutitsnoc ertniD .lecud\p uc \ca idrac aetatilitcartnoc tucserc ua erac lu lotecrevc i[ adizonmar .%05 etsep 13



ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .II .baT )ortiv ni iiduts( ecaidrac ii]\tilitcartnoc arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc )03( )4991 ,luaK i[ nom mA \pud( arpusa tcefE ii]\tilitcartnoc ecaidrac

;nagro ;taraperP

\zoD \tazilitu

a]neinevorp iulunagro

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC lecud\p ed etcartxE

5,0/gμ 425

;ffrodnegnaL

lm

iaboc ed \mini

-iulutibed aeret[erc

000.08 :1

uc \talozi \mini

nid sopa tcartxE

al \nâp 03 uc eiat\b

:1 al \nâp

;enatnops i\t\b

i[ irolf uc eznurf

%41

000.02

\csaorb

etcurf

-iulutibed aered\cs

000.01 : 1

al \nâp 71 uc eiat\b

:1 al \nâp

%55

000.1

eret[erc

lm 51,0

;ffrodnegnaL

nid ciloocla tcartxE

iaboc ed \mini

etcurf i[ eznurf

;ffrodnegnaL


iaboc ed \mini

i[ irolf uc eznurf

%22 uc eret[erc

eret[erc

lm 51,0

irolf nid sopa tcartxE

etcurf %4,85 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 002

uc \talozi \mini

atnalp nid tcartxE

%5,401 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 005

;enatnops i\t\b

\t\psaorp

erazufrep( eret[erc

lm/gμ 001

iaboc

%3,83 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05

uc \talozi \mini

nid latot tcartxE

%4,201 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 002

;enatnops i\t\b

lategev lusudorp

%4,241 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 005

iaboc

erazufrep( eret[erc

lm/gμ 001

enuiserp uc %8,61 uc )\tnatsnoc

enuiserp uc %8,62 uc )\tnatsnoc

noriM acnA

23


arpusa tcefE ii]\tilitcartnoc ecaidrac

\zoD \tazilitu

%1,47 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05

%5,961 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 002

%7,141 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 005

erazufrep( eret[erc enuiserp uc %1,86 uc )\tnatsnoc %7,51 uc eret[erc )lucirtnev( %5,5 uc eret[erc )ralipap ihc[um(

lm/gμ 001

%5,24 uc eret[erc )lucirtnev( %6,92 uc eret[erc )ralipap ihc[um(

lm/gμ 005

%06 uc eret[erc

gm 02

%8,79 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 01

%5,59 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05

%4,27 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 001


lm/gμ 05

33

lm/gμ 001

lm/gμ 001

;nagro ;taraperP a]neinevorp iulunagro

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC

uc \talozi \mini ;enatnops i\t\b iaboc

sopa uudizeR

gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap ; tperd iulucirtnev iaboc gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap ; tperd iulucirtnev iaboc ;ffrodnegnaL ed erupei ed \mini \sac

nid latot tcartxE lategev lusudorp

uc \talozi \mini ; enatnops i\t\b iaboc

sopa uudizeR

-orecilg tarecaM e]id\lm nid ciloocla erenit edionovalF 1 aenui]carF

gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap iululucirtnev iaboc ; tperd




;nagro ;taraperP

\zoD \tazilitu

%4,37 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05

%2,191 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 002

%2,952 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 005


lm/gμ 001

%05 uc eret[erc

%61 uc eret[erc

gm 4,0 ed pmit .nim 5,4 l/lomm 5,0

%23 uc ered\cs

l/lomm 5,0

lm/gμ 001

a]neinevorp iulunagro uc \talozi \mini ; enatnops i\t\b iaboc

gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap ; tperd iulucirtnev iaboc ; ffrodnegnaL ed erupei ed \mini \sac ; ffrodnegnaL ,iaboc ed \mini \tazufrep ,\talozi ; ffrodnegnaL

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC 2 aenui]carF

− "2 − nixetiV adizonmar − 7 − niloetuL adizoculg adizorepiH

,iaboc ed \mini \tazufrep ,\talozi %02 uc eret[erc

l/lomm 5,0

; ffrodnegnaL

adizotuR

,iaboc ed \mini \tazufrep ,\talozi %07 uc eret[erc

Mm 03,0

; gnâts lucirtnev

lotecrevC

iaboc ilodinaicotnaorP – 73 uc eret[erc

001 - 02

; talozi lucirtnev

%05

lm/gμ

\sac ed erupei

%22 uc eret[erc

−

; ffrodnegnaL

darg uc iremogilO

iaboc ed \mini

eraziremilop ed tacidir

noriM acnA

iremiloP

43



\zoD \tazilitu

%6,99 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 5

%3,751 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 01

%191 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05

erazufrep( eret[erc enuiserp uc %8,73 uc )\tnatsnoc %8,11 uc eret[erc )lucirtnev( %41 uc eret[erc )ralipap ihc[um(

lm/gμ 01

lm/gμ 001

%8,53 uc eret[erc %1,17 uc eret[erc

lm/gn 005

%1,261 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 5

%7,132 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 05


lm/gμ 01

%84 uc eret[erc

lm/gμ 1

lm/gμ 001

gm 4,0 ed pmit .nim 5,4

;nagro ;taraperP a]neinevorp iulunagro uc \talozi \mini ; enatnops i\t\b iaboc

gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap ; tperd iulucirtnev iaboc uc \talozi \mini ; enatnops i\t\b iaboc

gnâts lucirtnev ihc[um i[ talozi la ralipap ; tperd iulucirtnev iaboc ;ffrodnegnaL ed erupei ed \mini \sac

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC 1 aenui]carF

2 aenui]carF

eznurf nid iremogilO etcurf i[

ecilodinaicotnaorp inui]carf i[ lecud\p ed etcartxe elenu urtneP ir\ tcefa i enu el ii]idnoc n` i[ r aihc t uni]nem a-s cinotoid rac lutcefe .)03( )III .bat( latnem i repxe es udni ecaidrac 53



ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .III .baT elii]idnoc n` ecidracoim ii]\tilitcartnoc arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc )ortiv ni iiduts( latnemirepxe esudni ecaidrac ir\tcefa ienu )03( )tacifidom ,4991 ,luaK i[ nommA \pud( arpusa tcefE ii]\tilitcartnoc ecaidrac

\zoD \tazilitu

-iulutibed aeret[erc al \nâp 53 uc eiat\b %22 -iulutibed aered\cs al \nâp 06 uc eiat\b %91 eret[erc \vitacifinmes

000.08 :1 :1 al \nâp 000.02 000.01 : 1 :1 al \nâp 000.1 lm 31,0

eret[erc

lm 51,0

%11 uc eret[erc

−

%02 uc eret[erc

−

%92 uc eret[erc

−

eret[erc

= gμ 57 .nim/gμ 71

noriM acnA

;nagro ;taraperP a]neinevorp iulunagro ed \talozi \mini uc \csaorb tacolb lucirtnev

- \mini taraperp 2N %5,69 ;nâm\lp ed pmit 2O %5,3 i[ iaboc ;.nim 52 + K ;ffrodnegnaL +2 aC i[ )%40,0( ed \mini ;)%80,0( iaboc ; ffrodnegnaL \mini ; lCK %50,0 iaboc ed ; ffrodnegnaL \mini ; lCK %50,0 iaboc ed ; ffrodnegnaL \mini ; lCK %50,0 iaboc ed + - K ; ffrodnegnaL \mini ; l/Mm 7,2 iaboc ed

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC lecud\p ed etcartxE nid sopa tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

cilooclaordih tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf nid etcurf nid ciloocla tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf ilodinaicotnaorP \ciremonom enui]carF

nu uc enui]carF ed tacidir tuni]noc iremogilo darg uc iremogilO eraziremilop ed tacidir nu uc enui]carF ed tacidir tuni]noc iremogilo 63


aenidutilpma iamun un ortiv ni tucserc ua lecud\p ed eletcartxE i e daoirep atarud i[ ic ,ecidr acoim rolelulec rolii] cartnoc atarud i[ etla ed lecud\p ed eletcartxe et[ebesoed tcefe mitlu tsecA .eratcarfer ,\nonirma ,\nirfenipe ,\nixogid( ecaidrac etnalumits uas ecinotoidrac lu zac n ~ .\ratcarfer adao irep vit acifinmes \zae ro[cim er ac )\nonirlim i a m tâta uc etse erat ca r fer iedaoirep aerat ru c s ,\mru nid rolec portoni lutcefe i[ eram iam etse rol ai]artnec noc tâc uc \ta]nunorp .)01( )3 .gi f ( snetni iam vitizop

iunu eletcefE .3 .giF arpu sa lecud\p ed tcartxe eratcarf e r iedaoirep ed ie]r of i[ evitcefe e ral ucirtn e v ei]cartnoc etla uc v itarapmoc uas ecinotoidrac ec aidrac e tnalumits . loc i[ zl uhcS \pud( )0 1( )1002 ,tacifidom ed iulutcartxe ai]izopmoc( )\tazicerpen – lecud\p

\zaero[cim ivitizop portoni ii]nega \c lutpaf tucsonuc-enib etsE elecimtiraitna ec pmit n` ,iimtira leftsa dnâreneg \ratcarfer adaoirep .vit a g en porto ni \zaenoi]ca e d e l e t c a r t x e ,iv itizop portoni i]nega i]la ed eribesoed erpS a ei]cartnoc ed a]rof \zaelumits \c lujatnava \tnizerp lecud\p tarotad etse lutcefE .ecaidrac iimtira areneg a \r\f iuludracoim 73



ec aeec suder etse +K ed luxulfe ,eramru ac ;+K ed rolelanac iir\colb i e daoirep a i[ enui]ca e d iulul ai]netop ietarud aerign ulerp \nimreted . )01( eratcarfer a \vitizop portoni aenui]ca tamrifnoc ua oviv ni eliidutS a \caidrac a]namrofrep tucserc ua aetseca ;lecud\p ed roletcartxe ela evitagen portoni eletcefe talihina ua i[ \]neirepxe ed rolelamina .iululimap arev i[ iulu lolonarporp atsecA .lotecrevc urtnep i[ etai]nedive tsof ua ecinotoidrac etcefE tcrafni uc iiniâc al gnâts iululucirtnev aetatilitcartnoc tucserc a \mru nid roleretra a \telpmoc aeredihcn` nirp tacovorp latnemirepxe cidracoim elinui]carf urtneP .)VI .bat( \niugnas erazufreper ed \tamru eneiranoroc .)03( oviv ni iiduts \cn` etautcefe tsof ua un ecilodinaicotnaorp ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .VI .baT )oviv ni iiduts( ecaidrac ii]\tilitcartnoc arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc )03( )4991 ,luaK i[ nom mA \pud( arpusa tcefE ii]\tilitcartnoc ecaidrac

\zoD

ed laminA

/ tcartxE

\tartsinimda

\]neirepxe

i]neutitsnoC ed etcartxE lecud\p

eret[erc

.v.i lm 4 – 2

)taizetsena( eniâc

nid sopa tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

%001 uc eret[erc

.v.i gk/lm 5,0

\cisip

ciloocla tcartxE

)\taizetsena( %02 uc eret[erc

.v.i gk/gm 01

\cisip

eni]noc( tcartxE

)\taizetsena(

)edionovalf

eret[erc

.v.i lm 5 – 2

)taizetsena( eniâc

ciloocla tcartxE

%13 – 71 uc eret[erc

03 ;51 ; 5,7

)taizetsena( eniâc

tcartxE

etunim 71 – 11

.v.i gk/gm

noriM acnA

83


arpusa tcefE ii]\tilitcartnoc ecaidrac urtnep ,aerarut\ln`

\zoD

ed laminA

/ tcartxE

\tartsinimda

\]neirepxe

i]neutitsnoC

.v.i gk/gm 11

uc tatarterp( iaboc

a ,etunim avetâc

gk/gm 55,0

portoni iulutcefe

).v.i lolonarporp

tcartxE

la vitagen iululolonarporp iulutcefe aerarut\ln`

.v.i gk/gm 4,11

tatarterp( nalobo[

la vitagen portoni

gk/gm 9,1 uc

iululimaparev

).v.i limaparev

tcartxE

edionovalF \vitacifinmes eret[erc

.v.i gk/gm 01

tcrafni uc( eniâc

lotecrevC

sudorp cidracoim ,aeracolb nirp a ,\ro o ed pmit roleretra )eneiranoroc

n` iululecud\p aetaticacife taulave ua ecinilc iiduts esaoremuN ,13 ,92 ,62 ,9( )V .bat( )AHYN( III i[ II eliidats \caidrac a]neicifusni .)43 ,33 ,23 \uod urtnep etautcefe tsof ua ecinilc iiduts etlum iam eleC :lecud\p ed elirolf i[ eleznurf nid etuni]bo elaiceps etcartxe : ei]cartxe ed tnevlos( irolf i[ eznurf nid tacsu tcartxe – 231 IL )1 : 5,5 = tacsu tcartxe : lategev sudorp tropar ; %07 lonatem ) \ d i z o r e p i h n ` e t a m i rp x e ( e d i o n o v a l f % 5 2 , 2 e d t u n i ] n o c n u u c r e w t h c i L ed s udo rp ,lutcartxE .ilod inai cotnaorp %3,11 i[ ainamreG n` tazilaicremoc etse ,)ainamreG ,nilreB( amrahP .003 ®SORAF iulutaraperp amrof bus 93



.tiL

etcefe etlA

tcefE

\taruD )eliz( 24

82

65

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II luidats )AHYN( \tasnepmoc ed ei]carf uc a ei]ceje iulucirtnev %55 < gnâts

II – I luidats )AHYN(

061

II luidats )AHYN(

\zoD \cinliz )gm( 0531

taraperP

TTUGEATARC ETROF

TTUGEATARC OVON

−

TTUGEATARC ETROF

04

obecalp bro-ulbud urtnecitlum

obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn`

uidutS

nid ecituecamraf etaraperp ronu a i[ )2441 SW ,231 IL( etazidradnats etcartxe ronu eletcefE .V .baT )43-13 ,92 ,62 ,9( \caidrac \]neicifusni uc roli]neicap a ecaidrac ie]namrofrep arpusa lecud\p

i[ yllonoC'O 7891 ,.loc ssieW \pud( i[ ,nnamletniF )0002

aeri]\t\nubm` ii]\tilibats ecihisp a]nesba ed rolir\rublut nmos aeret[erc iulutitepa aeraunimid esaonigna iirerud −

i[ tdätshciE 9891 ,.loc ssieW \pud( i[ ,nnamletniF )0002

aered\cs elairetra iinuiserp i[ ecilotsis ecilotsaid aered\cs caidrac iulumtir aered\cs iulusudorp mtir-enuiserp caidrac aeret[erc trofe al ie]netsizer cizif iei]carf aeret[erc -irtnev a ei]ceje ed gnâts iululuc -erp aered\cs eniugnas iinuis )trofe ,suaper( aered\cs iulusudorp mtir-enuiserp caidrac i[ lkieW 3991 ,.loc ,weoL \pud( )4991

noriM acnA

.tiL ,snegthcueL \pud( 3991 )4991 ,weoL i[ tdimhcS 4991 ,.loc

i[ retsröF 4991 ,.loc ssieW \pud( i[ ,nnamletniF )0002 14

etcefe etlA

tcefE

\taruD )eliz( 65

−

−

009

006


II luidats )AHYN(

II luidats )AHYN(

obecalp bro-ulbud urtnecitlum

obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar

uidutS

SORAF

231 IL

TTUGEATARC ETROF

taraperP

−

tazimodnar bro-ulbud



aeraroilema aered\cs elareneg iir\ts iulusudorp mtir-enuiserp caidrac aeret[erc − trofe al ie]netsizer cizif aered\cs eniugnas iinuiserp ecilotsis aered\cs caidrac iulumtir aered\cs iulusudorp mtir-enuiserp caidrac aeret[erc − trofe al ie]netsizer cizif


i[ trehcuaT 9991 ,.loc \pud( i[ ykslegiR )2002 ,teewS

.tiL

−

ai]irapsid ieiserped TS iulutnemges al ieimtira a i[ trofe

etcefe etlA

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II luidats urtnecitlum )AHYN( lanoi]avresbo

2441 ®SW

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24

TTUGEATARC

2441 SW

taraperP

861

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III luidats )AHYN(

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1002 ,efpaZ

i[ trehcuaT 2002 ,.loc aeraroilema iei]aripser aerecuder ienzelg iulumede

-netsizer aeret[erc cizif trofe al ie] iei]carf aeret[erc a ei]ceje ed gnâts iulucirtnev -iserp aered\cs -sis eniugnas iinu ecilotsaid i[ ecilot aered\cs suaper n` iuluslup -udorp aered\cs -enuiserp iulus caidrac mtir aeret[erc trofe al ie]netsizer cizif -udorp aered\cs -enuiserp iulus caidrac mtir aeret[erc trofe al ie]netsizer cizif -udorp aered\cs -enuiserp iulus caidrac mtir

i[ ykslegiR 2002 ,teewS

noriM acnA


ed tnevlos( irolf i[ eznurf nid tacsu tcartxe – 2441 SW = tacsu tcartxe : l a tegev sudorp tropar ; %54 lonate : ei]cartxe i r emogilo %5 7,8 1 n` tazidradna ts )1 : 6,6 – 4 i ]natropmi iam iec if a i]a r edisnoc i[upm oc ,icilod inaicotnaorp sudorp ,lutcartxE .iululecud\p a \cinotoidrac aenui]ca urtnep slacituecamrahP ebawhcS ramlliW .rD ed etativisulcxe n` bus ainamreG n` tazilaicremoc etse ,)ainamreG ,ehurslraK( .®TTUGEATARC ed aerimuned ii]\ticacife aereic erpa u rtnep i]azilitu i a m iec iirtemaraP ate lcicib u c \taulave( c i zif trofe al a]netsize r :tsof u a ecitueparet ciboreana iulugarp iiregnita rasecen pmit ed lulavretni ,)\cirtemogre nirp \tarus\m( ei]ceje ed ai]carf ,)eirtemogreorips nirp taulave( , ) \raelcun \citengam \ ]n anozer i[ izilcunoid a r uc eifa rgolucirtnev .)13( \lareneg rol a era ts dnivi rp roli]neica p elii]aralce d i[ mucerp etatilaiceps ed arutaretil n` esircsed ecinilc eliiduts etaoT ie]namrofrep a \vitacifinmes eri]\t\nubm` o tai]nedive ua \tatlusnoc .l e c ud\p ed roletcartxe ae r artsinim da al ecaidrac sela iam ,cizif trofe al a]netsizer tucserc ua lecud\p ed eletcartxE o \tidevod tsof a lecud\p ed tcartxe nu urtneP .taredom lutrofe al iemizne la rotibihni – iululirpotpac a uc \citnedi \citueparet etaticacife i[ )iz/gm 009( lecud\p ed lutcartxE .ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ed trofe al a]netsizer \rus\m \lage n` tucserc ua )iz/gm 5,73( lulirpotpac .)01( )4 .gif( )AHYN( II asalc \caidrac \]neicifusni uc roli]neicap a cizif a eisrevnoc ed i e mizne ii rotibihni i]ot l eftlaed ac ,l ulirpotpaC ere d\cs : eradnuces et c efe ed eires o \ni mreted ,i e nisnetoigna ed eletcartxE .\nrutcon ,\caes esut ,\laner \]neicifusni ,\lanoisnet esrevda ii]caer rar etraof cudorp ; etarelot enib iam tlum tnus lecud\p iulujitrev i[ rolenergim ,elanitsetniortsag rolir\rublut lupit ed eronim lec ud\p ed eletcartxe \ca i drac \]neicifusni ed e r a o[u elemrof n~ .)23( .li rpotpac u c lutnemata rt al \libaiv \citueparet \ vitanretl a o \tnizerper 34



uc roli]neicap a cizif trofe al ie]netsizer aeret[erC .4 .giF e d t cartxe gm 009 uc i ] atart )AHYN ( II asalc \cai drac \] neicifusni iz/lirpotpac gm 5,73 uc uas iz/lecud\p )01( )10 02 ,. loc i[ zl uhcS \pud( )100,0 < p = *** ; \tazicerpen – lecud\p ed iulutcartxe ai]izopmoc(

rasecen pmit ed lulavretni tignulerp ua lecud\p ed eletcartxE caidrac lumtir vitacifinmes ta]neulfni ua un i[ ciboreana iulugarp iiregnita lumtir ,mixam cizif iulutrofe lupmit n` raihC .\niugnas aenuiserp i[ i]atart ii]neicap al vitacifinmesen tucserc ua \niugnas aenuiserp i[ caidrac .obecalp uc i]atart ii]neicap uc vitarapmoc lecud\p ed etcartxe uc ed roletaraperp luzac n` ,\c \zaeregus eirtemogreorips ed etaD iirecuder lutatluzer iamun etse un trofe ed ii]\ticapac aeret[erc ,lecud\p iir \ulerp iiret[e rc la i[ i c ,cid racoim levin al negixo ed i ulumusnoc trofe iunu elii]idnoc n` i[ tâc ,ciboreana lugarp al tâta iulunegixo trofe al a]netsizer et[erc 2441 SW lecud\p ed lutcartxe ,leftsA .mixam u c aifargol ucirtneV .ci boreana i ulugarp aera la tsni ed etnian` cizif -\t\nubm` tamrifnoc ua \raelcun \citengam a]nanozer i[ izilcunoidar n ` tâta e i]ceje ed iei]car f aeret [erc n irp ecaid rac ie]namro frep aeri] .)13( cizif iulutrofe lupmit n` i[ tâc ,suaper noriM acnA

44


a erac cinilc uiduts lumirp tai]ini a )13( )2002( trehcuaT arpusa 2441 SW ela ecifeneb eletcefe \rus\m ec n` tagitsevni al i[ ni]nem es ii]eiv ii ]\tilac i[ elareneg iir\ ts ,trofe al ie]netsizer .)AHYN III asalc( \tasnava \caidrac \]neicifusni uc ii]neicap .\zod ed \tnedneped if a tidevod a-s 2441 SW aetaticacifE a inâm\tp\s 61 ed pmit iz/gm 009 ed ezod ienu aerartsinimda ,leftsA )jitrev ,\lae]ema( i]neicap ed etalanmes emotpmis ronu a]nedicni suder ro li]neicap a trofe ed ae taticapac \csaerc \s ti [u er a un \ sn` )5 .gif( tucserc a atsaecA .ecirtemogre ietelcicib lurotuja uc \taulave iz/gm 0081 ed \zod n` 2441 SW iir\rtsinimda luzac n` vitacifinmes . )13( )6 .gif( pmit nu gm 009 ed ecinliz iezod aerartsinimda ac libisop etsE iam ecaidrac ie]amrofrep a eri]\t\nubm` o al \cudnoc \s tagnuledn` iam tartsinimda ,2441 SW tcartxe i[aleca \c lutpaf eredev n` era es \cad sela 009 ed \zod n` )AHYN( II asalc \caidrac \]neicifusni uc roli]neicap .tnematart ed inul 6 \pud aiba cizif trofe al a]netsizer tucserc a ,iz/gm

n` )jitrev ,\lae]ema( emotpmis ronu ie]nedicni aerecudeR .5 .giF obecalp uc vitarapmoc 2441 SW uc iulutnematart lupmit )13( )2 002 ,tr e hcuaT \pud( 54



uc i]atart roli]neicap a cizif trofe al ie]netsizer aeret[erC .6 .giF )13( )2002 ,trehcuaT \pud( obecalp uc vitarapmoc 2441 SW trehcuaT ed tazilaer cinilc luiduts n` \c lutpaf i[ etse tnaseretnI ed azod tâced i]neicap ed \tarelot enib iam tsof a gm 0081 ed azod )13( ua iz/2441 SW gm 0081 uc i]atart ii]neicap nid %1,62 iamuN .gm 009 009 timirp ua erac ii]neicap nid %6,82 ed \]af esrevda etcefe tatropar lutpaf tacramer eiuberT .obecalp lupurg nid %4,15 i[ iz/2441 SW gm ua iz/2441 SW gm 0081 timirp ua erac ii]neicap nid %4,1 iamun \c SW gm 009 uc tatart i]neicap ed lupurg n~ .jitrev ed edaosipe tatnezerp ed tsof a srevda tcefe iutseca a]nedicni obecalp lupurg n` i[ iz/2441 0081 ed \cinliz \zod n` 2441 SW \c erap eS .%01 ,vitcepser i[ %3,4 lup mit n` t alanmes tnevc erf s revda tcefe ,jitrev ed eli r\ts eniverp gm .ecinotoidrac uc iulutnematart

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .1 taborpa a E aisimoC ,ecinilc roliiduts roletatluzer azab eP lutnematart n` lecud\p ed irolf i[ eznurf nid roletaraperp aerazilitu .)AHYN II asalc( \caidrac \]neicifusni ed erao[u rolemrof noriM acnA

64


nid iamun etuni]bo roletaraperp aerazilitu ecizretni E aisimoC et autcefe tsof u a un aet seca urtnep tâcurtn` e tcurf uas i r olf ,eznurf .\cituepar et aetatica cife emrifnoc el \s erac ec inilc iiduts a]neicifusni n` i[ a]neicife tidevod ua-i[ lecud\p ed eletcartxE .A H Y N I I I a s a l c \ c a i d r a c gm 009-061 ed etse E aisimoC ed \tadnamocer \cinliz azoD gm 961-03 uc tnelavihce( irolf i[ eznurf nid cilooclaordih tcartxe .ezirp iert uas \uod n` etartsinimda )edionovalf gm 02-5,3 uas \nihetacipe gm 009-006 ed ec inl iz elez od ti devod u a - s etn eicife iam eleC .tcartxe ni]up lec \rugisa erac eta raperp roleca ae razilitu \ tacidni etsE .\tartsinim da \zod/tca r txe gm 002 .inâm\tp\s esa[ ni]up lec ed eif \s eiubert iulutnematart ataruD r olezod aeramirp xe i[ \zaenoi]nem eta tila iceps ed arutaretiL tca rtxe gm 009-003 al ro t\znu pseroc gm 51-21( \d izorepih n` ecinliz -042 al rot\znupseroc gm 09-54( icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo i[ )tacsu .)52 ,12 ( )t acsu tca r txe gm 065 ir otibihn i tnus le cud\p nid evitcartxe e linu i]carf i[ eletcartxE .bat n~ .ecinotoidrac eledizoreteh tâced ieza-PTA-+K/+aN ia ibals iam evitcartxe elinui]carf i[ eletcartxe urtnep

IC elirolav e tader tnus IV

05

i a m un \c \tatsn oc eS .\ dizotnaf orts-G urtnep i [ mu c erp ,le cud\p nid -G a aec ed etaiporpa 05IC ela irolav ua ecilodinaicotnaorp elinui]carf .)03( ie dizotnaforts )AHYN – II asalc( \caidrac \]neicifusni ed erao[u elemrof n~ n` ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh aerartsinimda etive es \s tacidni etse \z a e ro[cim e cinotoidrac e ledizoret eH .lecud\p ed rolet c artxe aeraovaf esaoremuN .ecaidrac iimtira al enupsiderp ec aeec \ratcarfer adaoirep a erecuder o ,\nixogid uc i]atart ii]neicap al ,talanmes ua ecinilc iiduts \tucserc \]nedicni o rad ,\caidrac \]neicifusni nirp eseced ed iulur\mun 74



eletcartxe ,ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh rot\n\mesA .elataf roliimtira a , a e t s e c a e d e r ib e s o e d e r p s , \ s n ` v i t i z o p p o r t o n i \ z a e n o i ] c a l e c u d \ p e d .caid rac lumtir l e f tsa dnâzi libats \ratca r f e r adaoirep csegnulerp urtnep 05IC :ecidracoim ieza-PTA-+K/+aN aerabihnI .IV .baT \dizotnaforts-G i[ lecud\p nid evitcartxe inui]carf/etcartxe )03( )4991 ,luaK i[ nom mA \pud( )lm/gμ( 05IC

erup e]natsbus / evitcartxe inui]carf / etcartxE

5,66

\t\ps ao rp atnalp nid tcartxE

0,03

lategev lu sud orp nid latot tcartxE

6,54

so pa uudizeR

-

1 \cidionovalf enui]carF

1,52

2 \cidionovalf enui]carF

8,6

1 \cilod in aicotnao rp enui]carF

1,6

2 \cilod in aicotnao rp enui]carF

3,1

)\niabauo ,\dizoiabauo( \dizotnaforts – G

eledizoreteh al iulumsinagro a]narelot cserc lecud\p ed eletcartxE ,ecilatigid al \reves \]narelotni uc ,\tsrâv n` ii]neicap aL .ecinotoidrac ed icim ezod uc lecud\p ed roletcartxe a \tnetimocnoc aerartsinimda .)01( iilob a \vitacifinmes eraroilema o al sudnoc a ecilatigid -carac inui]cefa etla n` i[ etacidni tnus lecud\p ed eletcartxE -oidrac ,ranomlup droc :ecaidrac ie]namrofrep aered\cs nirp etaziret ranomlup ludroc n~ .”et[enârt\bm` erac iimini“ ela ii]cnufsid ,iitapoim ua-i[ lecud\p ed eletcartxe roliitapoimoidrac ela etasnava eliidats n` i[ .)9( \saonevartni erartsinimda al sela iam a]neicife tidevod noriM acnA

84


i[ etaraperponom ronu ai]izopmoc n` \rtni lecud\p ed eletcartxE : e c a i d r a c i e ] n e i c i f u s n i l u tn e m a t a r t n ` e t a z i l i t u e r e i c o s a e d e t a r a p e r p ®SORAF ,ETROF ®TTUGEATARC ,OVON ®TTUGEATARC ,OVON ®DEMATARC ,®DRACIREBSE ,®RUPADROC ,003 .ROCALUGER ,NASEATARC ,ONOM ®MUCSIVARC iulutaraperp ai]izopmoc n` \rtni lecud\p ed etcurf nid tcartxe nU \nigna ,\caidrac \]neicifusni n` tnavujda ac tazilitu NIDRACIFE .ecaidr ac iimtira i[ \lairetra ae nu isnetrep ih ,\larotcep \mrof bus i[ tnevcerf csesolof es lecud\p ed elirolf i[ eleznurF e ]irugnil 2 nid \raperp e s aizufnI .diulf tcartxe uas \rutcnit ,eizufni ed .e tunim 02 \p ud \zaertli f es ; e tnibreif \pa uc \ n ac o a l lateg ev sudorp ed in\c iert a aerartsinimda \dnamocer es eliz avetâc ed pmiT \tneicifus etse erac \pud )araes i[ znârp al ,a]aenimid( iz/eizufni al ,tnevcerF .)araes i[ a] ae nimid( i z/eizufni in \ c \uod a a erartsinimda uc \zaicosa es lecud\p e d eli rolf i [ eleznurf ,ro liizufni aeraraperp i[ tamora tsug nu ieizufni \m irpmi( muilof eassileM - \ ] i â m \ l e d e z n u r f icsiV – csâv ed eznurf uc erenit irumar uc uas )tnamlac ro[u tcefe nu .)visnetrepihitna \zaenoi]ca( sepits II i[ I elesalc( \ca idrac \] neicifusni ed erao[u elemrof n~ : elateg e v esudorp e d ireicosa eleraot\mru eirc serp top es )AHYN .pR igeatarC serolF igeatarC muiloF g 0,001 da ā ā

eassileM muiloF s eiceps .f .M nretni .s .D

94



;c etsema ed \]irug n il o etsep erebreif al \ p a ed \nac o \guada eS \dnamocer eS .\zaertlif es iopa i[ etunim 01 ed pmit suaper n` \sal es .araes i[ a]aenimi d eizufni ed \nac o etâc .pR igeatarC serolF igeatarC muiloF sepits ibla icsiV g 0,001 da ā ā s eiceps .f .M nretni .s .D ed e]irugnil 2-1 etsep erebreif al \pa ed \nac o \guada eS .araes i[ a]aenimid eizufni ed \nac o etâc \dnamocer eS .cetsema igeatarC ed cetsema nu-rtnid \taraperp aizufni i[ etse \tneicifE eS .)g 0,001 da āā( sepits icsiV i[ muilof eassileM ,solf te muilof .araes i[ a]aenim id eizufni ed \nac o et âc \dnamocer 3 ( \ r u t c n i t e d \ m ro f b u s \ z a e r t s i n i m d a i a m e s l a t e g e v l u s u d o r P .)iz/.cip 01 x 3( diulf tcartxe i[ )iz/.cip 02-01 x 0,01( lecud\p ed diulf tcartxe ed cetsema nu ,silaidrac arutcniT ed taraperp nu if a tidev od a-s )g 0,02( eraoim \rc\l ed \rutcnit i[ )g .)9( tarelot en ib i[ tn eicife ereicosa

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .1 enib ,lareneg n` ,tsof ua lecud\p nid eletaraperp ecinilc iiduts n~ .etarelot ,i]neicap ed etalanmes esrevda eletcefe et[evirp ec aeec n~ i[ \nergim ,\]aerg ,elaom nuacs n` tatsnoc ua i[ erar tsof ua aetseca ua erac roli]neicap lur\mun ,bro-ulbud uiduts nu-rtn~ .ii]atiplap timirp a erac lupurg n` eram iam tsof a esrevda ii]caer talanmes . ) 7 . g i f ( l e cu d \ p e d t c a r t x e u c t a t a r t l u p u r g n ` t â c e d o b e c a l p noriM acnA

05


etnian` i]neicap ed etalanmes esrevda roletcefe a]nevcerF .7 .giF iz/lecud\p ed tcartxe gm 006 uc tnematart ed eliz 65 \pud i[ o beca lp uc v itarapmoc )01( )10 02 ,. loc i[ zl uhcS \pud( ) \tazicerpen – lecud\p ed iulutcartxe ai]izopmoc(

iicidem i[ tâc ,ii]neicap tâta ,etautcefe ecinilc roliiduts amru n~ d niif ac l ecud\p nid et cartxe u c ai]acidem a l a]nar e lot taicerpa ua .)23 ,01( ” \tnelecx e “ uas ”\nub“ e srev da rolii]caer a]nedicni ecitueparet e zod al \ c \zaicerpa eS . %4 ed \c im iam etse ua etcartxe ed iram elezod \]neirep xe ed elelamina aL .)62( eca idr a c iimtira i[ enuisnet op ih ,erades tanimreted

esaotnemacidem inuițcaretnI .5 .2 .1 inu i]caretni eleli b isop ,e taraperpotif r otla lu zac n` i[ aC ed tneicifus tsof ua un lecud\p ed roletaraperp ela esaotnemacidem e tatilai ceps ed arutareti l iro etlum iam elec ed i[eD .etaiduts enib 15



etalanmes tsof ua un lecud\p ed eletaraperp urtnep \c \zaenoi]nem a e n u i ] c a a ]n e t o p a e t u p r a a e t s e c a , e s a o t n e m a c i d e m i n u i ] c a r e t n i e c a i d r a c i e ] n e i c i f u s n i lu t n e m a t a r t n ` e t a z i l i t u r o l e t n e m a c i d e m iinuisnetrepih ,)\nilifoet( elarotcep ienigna ,)ecinotoidrac edizoreteh( .)62( )\nirevapap( elairetra

iițacidniartnoc iș iițuacerP .6 .2 .1 ep e r onim elirucs ir \zai] nedive IIV .b a t n` et a tnezerp eletaD u c a i p a r e t e d \ ] a f l e cu d \ p e d e t c a r t x e u c a i p a r e t \ c i l p m i e l e r a c .)01( ec inotoid rac edizoreteh i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe ela ecitueparet elirucsiR .IIV .baT )01( )1002 ,.loc i[ zluhcS \pud( ecinotoidrac roledizoreteh ecinotoidrac edizoreteH tsugn` etraoF tacidir csiR tacidir vitaleR ei]acixotni ed locireP enupmi es( +K ed ei]elpeD )+K aerazirotinom \sudeR

ed etcartxE lecud\p gral etraoF csir ed etispiL et[espiL csir ed \tispiL csir ed \tispiL \tucserC

citueparet csiR citueparet uinemoD jazod ed irorE negomtira lai]netoP ienu a]netsixE elaner ii]cnufsid \tnetimocnoc erartsinimdA evitaxal ,eciteruid ed ticifed al \]nareloT negixo ed

i e m e f a l l e c u d \ p e d r o l e t a r ap e r p a e r a r t s i n i m d a , a e t s e c a e t a o t u C iubert ra ina 21 bus iiipoc al i[ mucerp ,\zaetp\la erac i[ etanicr\sn` .\tative uc roli]neicap etacidniartnoc tnus lecud\p ed eletaraperP ii] neut itsnoc ertnid lunu al icigre la tnus erac u a s etatili bisnesrepih .)62( iulusudorp noriM acnA

25


\zae]netop lecud\p ed eletcartxe \c lu tpaf eredev n` dnâvA n` lecud\p ed iaec ed lumusnoc tacidniartnoc etse ,ienixogid eletcefe uas ecilatigid ni]noc erac etnemacidem uc iulutnematart lupmit ,®LAGIDOVON ,C DIZOTANAL ,NIXOGID( ediolatigid .)®KCREMIGID ,®POTINAL ,®ROCALID tnus erac n` inui]cefa etlalelec i[ tâc ,\caidrac a]neicifusni tâtA enuisnetrepih ,\larotcep \nigna( lecud\p ed eletaraperp etacidni ro r\c a ereves inui]cefa t nus )eim edipilrepih ,ec aid rac iimtira ,\lairetra .etatil aiceps ed luc id e m ed \ti libats eiube rt tnemata rt ed \mehcs uc ei]acidemotua al \grucer \s eiubert un ii]neicaP lucidem libalaerp n` atlusnoc a \r\f lecud\p ed etaraperp .goloidrac

: EIFARGOILBIB .enretni ienicidem eliipicnirP nosirraH :nI .\caidrac a]neicifusnI .E dlawnuarB .1341-9141 ,aroeT 1002 © thgirypoC eralucsavoidrac rolilob la lanoi]ar lutnematarT .C ucsenesrA ,MIG ucsegroeG .473-343 ,1002 ,moriloP .dE :i[aI .erojam :i[aI .eigolocamraF :nI .ralucsav-oidrac iulutarapa aigolocamraF .EC uro[upuL .663-262 ,4991 ,avodloM .dE :nI .eruliaf traeh evitsegnoc dna sedisocylg caidrac ,evolgxoF .M idabE ,sserP CRC :nodnoL ,notaR acoB .enicidem labreh fo sisab cimanydocamrahP .814-504 ,2002 nA :nI .metsys ralucsavoidrac eht no gnitca sgurD .RK niarB ,FSM ssoR .941-431 ,7791 ,lacideM namtiP :tneK .ycamrahpotyhp ot noitcudortni rieht :seidemer larutaN :nI .metsys ralucsavoidraC .D nagirroC ,F grebdnaS .18-07 ,1002 ,sicnarF & rolyaT :kroY weN ,nodnoL .sesu dna snigiro :revodnA .stnalp lanicideM ,yrtsimehcotyhP ,ysongocamrahP .J notenurB .5991 ,dtL tpecretnI etnalP :nI .ecinotoidrac edizoreteH .U ucsen\tS ,E ucserogirG ,I ieluiC -755 ,I .lov ,3991 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .eiparetotif i[ eimihcotif ,elanicidem .926 35

.1 .2 .3 .4

.5 .6 .7 .8



.enicideM labreH :nI .esaesid ralucsavoidraC .V nnamletniF ,FR ssieW .281-731 ,0002 ,galreV emeihT groeG :kroY weN ,tragttutS lanoitaR :nI .metsys ralucsavoidraC .EV relyT ,R lesnäH ,V zluhcS .861-701 ,1002 ,galreV-regnirpS :grebledieH ,nilreB .yparehtotyhP A al ed elanicidem etnalP .C eiaosotorpA ,M unaicn\H ,A noriM ,U ucsen\tS ,”apoP .T .rG“ .dE : i[aI .citueparet seretni ed rolesudorp ela iifargonom ;Z al .4002 icinepret i[upmoc - eizongocamraF :nI .ecinotoidrac edizocilG .I aginO -201 ,7002 ,”unagei]aH uiluI“ \ratisrevinU \lacideM .dE :acopaN-julC .ilarutan .231 ,stsicamrahp ,srotcod rof koobdnah A .stnalp suonosioP .JH rednäfP ,D enhorF ,dtL gnihsilbuP nosnaM :nodnoL .snairaniretev dna stsigoloib ,stsigolocixot .5002 sinodA suA dilonedraC seueN niE :ninegolpireP-ipE-3 .M lthciW ,P roinuJ .7912-3912 :91 ;0891 yrtsimehcotyhP .silanrev .5991 ,nizideM rüf galreV rotnaC oitidE : .ttrüW/frodneluA .etsiL etoR *** caidrac fo noitubirtsid ralullecartnI .W aklebuK ,B ppoK ,W tdrahlefföL .1921-9821 :81 ;9791 yrtsimehcotyhP .silajam airallavnoC fo sevael ni sedisocylg owt fo erutcurts dna noitalosI .SB iuqiddiS ,S mugeB ,F zeefaH ,S iuqiddiS ;7891 yrtsimehcotyhP .rednaelo muireN fo sevael eht morf sedisocylg caidrac .142-732 :62 morf amitiram aenigrU morf sediloneidafuB .la te M relxarD ,L nnerK ,B ppoK .225-315 :)2( 24 ;6991 yrtsimehcotyhP .tpygE amitiram aenigrU morf sediloneidafub weN .B ppoK ,M anivoleJ ,L nnerK .921-621 :17 ;0002 aiparetotiF .utcirts usnes .1002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .lacidem ranoi]ciD .V usuR .3002 ,POCSE .shpargonoM POCSE *** rof ediug a ;senicidem labreH .DJ nospillihP ,AL nosrednA ,J senraB .2002 ,sserP lacituecamrahP :ogacihC ,nodnoL .slanoisseforp erachtlaeh labreh nredom ;yparehtotyhp fo ecitcarp dna selpicnirP .K enoB ,S slliM .0002 ,enotsgniviL llihcruhC :nodnoL ,hgrubnidE .enicidem \lacideM .dE :acopaN-julC .)III .lov( \cituecamraf \cinatoB .M [am\T .9991 ,”unagei]aH uiluI“ \ratisrevinU nov negnukriW-fualsierK-zreH .sugeatarC .R luaK ,TPH nommA dnu sehcsirotsiH :1 lieT .nenidinaycorP dnu nedionovalF ,netkartxesugeatarC .6342-3342 :)62( 431 ;4991 .gtZ .htopA .hcstD .effotskriW noriM acnA

.9 .01 .11

.21

.31

.41 .51 .61 .71

.81 .91 .02 .12 .22 .32 .42 .52

45


J mA .sesu cituepareht dna ygolocamrahp :nrohtwaH .VB teewS ,MJ ykslegiR .124-714 :95 ;2002 mrahP tsyS-htlaeH eralukelom dnu erälulleZ .GHR regniwhcS ,S smlliW ,K suixirB :)1( 43 ;5002 tieZ reresnU .mrahP .tkartxE-sugeatarC nov nemsinahcemkriW .05-84 misarehG ai]cader bus( \nretni \nicideM :nI .\caidrac a]neicifusnI .II renkcurB .772-512 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L stcartxE laicepS sugeatarC htiw stluser lacinilc dna lacigolocamrahP .D weoL .52-02 :6 ;4991 margeletotyhP naeporuE .ycneiciffusni caidrac ni nov negnukriW-fualsierK-zreH .sugeatarC .R luaK ,TPH nommA sad fua negnukriW :2 lieT .nenidinaycorP dnu nedionovalF ,netkartxesugeatarC .5352-1252 :)72( 431 ;4991 .gtZ .htopA .hcstD .zreH nosirapmoc ni 2441 SW tcartxe sugeatarC fo ytefas dna ycaciffE .M trehcuaT -ssalc noitaicossA traeH kroY weN elbats cinorhc htiw stneitap ni obecalp htiw .519-019 :)5( 341 ;2002 lanruoJ traeH naciremA .eruliaf traeh III nrohtwaH eht fo ycaciffE .D-W renbüH ,M hcolP ,U nhuK ,U tdimhcS traeh evitsegnoc cinorhc htiw stneitap 87 ni 231 IL noitaraperP )sugeatarC( .42-71 :1 ;4991 enicidemotyhP .II ssalc lanoitcnuf AHYN sa denifed eruliaf traeh evitsegnoc ni 2441 ®SW tcartxe sugeatarC fo ycaciffe lacinilC .G efpaZ .662-262 :)4( 8 ;1002 enicidemotyhP .II ssalc AHYN eruliaf fo sisylana-atem :eruliaf traeh cinorhc gnitaert rof tcartxe nrohtwaH .HM relttiP .376-566 :411 ;3002 enicideM fo lanruoJ naciremA ehT .slairt dezimodnar

55

.62 .72

.82 .92 .03

.13

.23

.33 .43


ecimehcsi ieitapoidrac aiparetotiF

2 lulotipaC

AIPARETOTIF ECIMEHCSI IEITAPOIDRAC alaob ,\cimehcsi \caidrac alaob( \cimehcsi aitapoidraC i[ lutropa ertn` urbilihcezed nu-rtnirp \zaeziretcarac es )\ranoroc etse urbilihcezed tsecA .iuludracoim lulevin al negixo ed lurasecen ec aeec eranoroc eleretra nirp niugnas iuluxulf iirecuder tarotad .ieimehcsi ai]irapa uc \cidracoim aeragiri \zaetimil uas )\larotcep \nigna( eirotiznart if etaop \cidracoim aimehcsI .)tuca cidracoim tcrafni ed csir uc \cidracoim \zorcen( \tignulerp a e r a l u m u c a \n i m r e t e d n a i r a n o r o c n i u g n a s i u l u x u l f a e r e c u d e R .esaonigna iirerud aeralatsni uc caidrac luihc[um n` roli]ilobatem aerazorcen uc roleticoimoidrac aetraom \nimreted \tarud ed aimehcsI .evi tcepser ienoz un \zaetcefa iuludracoim a eraot\znupserocen aeranegixO .roleticoim ienarbmem elii]cnuf i[ arutcurts i[ ic ,lumsilobatem iamun , t a f s o f i r t - n i z o n e d a ( i c ig r e o r c a m r o l i ] a f s o f l a r a l u l e c a r t n i l u l e v i N iin oi ec p mit n` eticoim n ` dnurt \p uido s ed iino I .edacs ) tafsof-nitaerc ra pa ,eramru aC .ralule cartxe luidem n` i]az lup xe tnus uisatop ed ,)iir\ziraloper ela iilamona( iemargoidracortcele ela ir\cifidom .)3 ,2 ,1( \ralucirtnev ei]alirbif uas eidracihat ai]ulove \zae]neulfni uas \zai]ini erac ezuac ed enidutitlum o \tsixE :tnus etnatropmi iam erac ertnid ecidracoim ecimehcsi inuizel ienu i [ azorelcsoreta n` - na iranoroc niug nas iulu xulf aerecuder ;\lairetra azobmort i[ nairanoroc msaps ,\nairanoroc ailobme noriM acnA

65


n` - iu ludracoim la n egixo e d iulurasece n a \lam r ona aeret[erc \citroa \zonets ed \tanimreted \reves \ralucirtnev aifortrepih ;enuis netrepih uas n` - lunegixo a trop snart a ed iulegn â s ii]\tica pac aerecuder ed etucserc e levin ronu luzac n ` i[ erev es iimena .)4 ,1( )8 .g if( \ nibolgo mehixobrac

etuca ecidracoim ieimehcsi ele]nicesnoc i[ elibisop elezuaC .8 .giF )4( )4991 ,o renaJ \pud( )eracifidom Δ ;ered\cs uas eravitcani ↓ ;eret[erc uas eravitca ↑( 75



eratimil ed \dotem arugnis etse ecocerp \nairanoroc aizufrepeR ie nu amru n` tur\pa )tu ca cid racoim tcrafni( \zorcen ed i uluracof a \c tat\ra ua etnecer ii duts ,aetseca etaot uC . ecimehcsi inuizel cudnoc erac esecorp ed eires o \zae[nalced \nairanoroc aizufreper ,ecigolofrom ii]cnufsid etseca etaoT .ecimehcsi iinuizel aeravarga al caidrac lutuse] n` rapa er ac ecigoloizifortcele i[ ecilob a tem ,ecimihcoib – eimehcsi ed inuizel ed aerimuned bus etucsonuc tnus eizufreper nirp .) 4( )9 .gi f( e i z u f r e p e r ecidracoim ieizufreper ela evarg iam elec ele]nicesnoC ,tazufreper( taredis ludracoim ,ecaidrac eliimtira : tnus ecimehcsitsop ae traom ,)elitcartnoc i ei]cnuf a \taidemi aerarepucer \r\f rad inuizel ,)iulutcrafni aeralatsni( elibaiv lai]netop roleticoimoidrac n` niugnas iuluxulf a \ m rofinu e n aerilibatse r ( evisergo rp eralucsav ecidracoim iezorcen aerarelecca ,)iigaromeh ,tazufreper caidrac lutuse] etnemineve etseca etaoT .)iulutcrafni aerednitxe( etazel elenoz n` ir\ziralucsaver ienu i[upus ii]neicap al etavresbo tsof ua ecimehcsitsop c a i d r a c t n a lp s n a r t n u t i r e f u s u a e r a c i i ] n e i c a p a l i [ m u c e r p , e n e i r a n o r o c .s ihcsed d roc ep \lacig ru r ihc ei]ne vretni o uas tai]nedive ua erac ortiv ni iiduts etautcefe tsof ua 0791 nid \cn~ cin retup \zaezel cime hc si iuludracoim a izufreper \c lutpaf tim irp a nemonef tseca etati laiceps ed arutare til n~ .elet icoimoidrac ,\cimehcsitsop aizufreper n` − ”iulunegixo luxodarap“ ed aerimuned a elamron iir\noi]cnuf rasecen tulosba etse erac ,negixo ed lutropa \c tatatsnoc a-s roiretlU .ecimehcsi elinuizel \zaevarga ,iuludracoim n ` e r e t [ a n u a i e r a c i u l u n e g ix o e l a ev i t c a e r r o l i i c e p s t a r o t a d e t s e l u t c e f e ,lixordih lulacidar ,dixorepus noina lulacidar :ieizufreper lupmit ela evitadi xo ir\cifidom cu dorp ait[ecA .n egord ih ed ludixorep i[ arutcurts dnâtcefa icielcun rolizica ,roledipil ,rolediculg ,rolenietorp aetatinu \tnizerper eleticoimoidraC .roleticoimoidrac aeranoi]cnuf era arotseca aerazel ,eramru aC .iuludracoim a \zab ed \litcartnoc .caidrac iuluihc[um a ei]cartnoc ed ie]rof aered\cs \]nicesnoc tperd noriM acnA

85

95


)4( )4991 ,orenaJ \pud( ecimehcsitsop ecidracoim ieizufreper ela e]nicesnoc elibisoP .9 .giF )ered\cs uas eravitcani ↓ ;eret[erc uas eravitca ↑(



roliiceps a ,ecim ehcs itsop ecidracoim eli nuizel n` ,a]nezerP al vitadixo iuluserts ia ilanif i[udorp ronu a i[ iulunegixo ela evitcaer i[ muce r p ,inegodne ro li]nadix oitna la tuz\cs lulevin ,ralusit levin ajetorp a ed icitamizneen i[ icitamizne i]nadixoitna ronu aetaticapac \c csedevod ,ecimehcsi ts op ieizu freper lupm it n` elet icoimoidrac ed rolinuizel la tnatropmi rotaidem nu etse vitadixo luserts .eizufreper-eimehcsi aec aetatiladom \tnizerper \cimehcsitsop aizufreper ec pmit n~ nirp elinuizel ,cidracoim iulutcrafni a tnemeganam ed \tneicife iam e s e r a c u c e r o j a m e l e m e lb o r p n i d a n u e i u t i t s n o c e i z u f r e p e r - e i m e h c s i .)4( \laut c a acituep a ret \tnurfnoc n e gixo ed lurasec en i[ lut ropa e rtn` iulur bili hcezed aeraroilemA iir\ giri aeret[erc nirp azilaer etaop es iu ludracoim lulevin al .iuludracoim la negixo ed iulurasecen aered\cs nirp uas eneiranoroc n` , eceraoed \tasrevor tnoc etse roleraotat a lido ranoroc a]neicifE rolesav a eratalid o-rtnirp \zaetpada es ludracoim ,eimehcsi ed ii]idnoc el esav ac libaborp ni ]up etse ,ii]idnoc et seca n~ .eneiranoroc elenoz nid elec tnus muc ,ecitorelcs ir\cifidom uc eneiranoroc aerecudeR .eratalid ed secorp nu ratnemilpus erefus \s ,ecimehcsi emsinacem etirefid nirp iuludracoim lulevin al negixo ed iulurasecen , e c i r e f i r e p e r a l u c s a v i e ]n e t s i z e r a e r e d \ c s , e l a i r e t r a i i n u i s n e t a e r e d \ c s ( m u c e r p , ) e c a i d r a c i e ] n ev c e r f a e r e d \ c s , e c a i d r a c i i ] \ t i l i t c a r t n o c a e r e d \ c s in u i]po \tnizerper ecid racoim elaretaloc iei ]a lucric aeralumits i[ .)5( roler a noroc aer atalid tâced e tn eicife iam ecitueparet es ecimehcsi ecaidrac iilob lutnematart n` ,tnezerp n~ :\z aertsinimda ;eraotat alidoranoroc sela iam ,dacs ait[eca ;icigrenerda-β rolirotpecer ela etnacolb nirp i uludracoim la negixo ed lurasece n , trofe ed ii]idnoc n` ie]nevcerf aered\cs i[ ecidracoim ii]\tilitcartnoc aerabihni ; ecaidrac noriM acnA

06


a ei]cartnoc ed a]rof dacs ait[eca ; +2aC ed rolelanac ia i]nacolb ed i ulurasecen a erau nimid o \nimret e d ec aeec i uludracoim .negixo \zaertsin imda es ,v it a ruc i[ r a d ,vitneverp p ocs n` , aenemesa eD -o reta ai]ulove i[ ai]ira pa n` csir ed iirotcaf cuder erac etaraperp ,lutebaid ,aenuisnetrepih ,aimenietorpopilrepih( eneiranoroc iezorelcs .)3 ,2 , 1( )aetatizebo ,\cimehcsi \caidrac alaob nirp ii]\tilatrom a \tucserc a]nevcerF ed elir\crecn` \cifitsuj iulutnematart ela etacidir elirutsoc i[ mucerp \s uas/i[ \niverp \s erac icitueparet i]nega ion ronu a eracifitnedi elesecorp ezerelecca \s ,ecimehcsi rolinuizel ai]ulove ezetimil aetatireves \cuder \s i[ cimehcsitsop iuludracoim lulevin al iirotaraper .ecimehcsitsop rolii]cnufsid ed \]af eleticoimoidrac ajetorp a ed aetat icapac ua ii] nadixoitnA ii] nadix oitnA .arotseca e lir \mru i[ eizufreper – eim ehcsi ed elinuizel iul userts etarotad ecime hcsitsop ecidracoim eli nuizel \zaeroilema iir\ziralucsaver ela ecifeneb eletcefe \zae]netop i[ vitadixo ienu a]netsixe tai]nedive ua etnecer ecigoloimedipe iidutS .eneiranoroc i[ caidrac iulutuse]/iemsalp la tnadixoitna lusutats ertn` esrevni ii]aler \caidrac alaob nirp aetatilatrom uas esaonigna iirerud a]nedicni .) 4( \cimehcsi i[ aixaliforp al \tatimil etse roletaraperpotif aerartsinimdA tnu s pocs tseca n~ .ecim ehcsi ecaidrac iilob l a tn a vujda lutnematart eagansiv immA i[ solf eacinrA ,erolf muc muilof igeatarC etazilitu .sutcurf

erolf muc muilof igeatarC .1 .2 n ` e t a z i l i t u l e c u d \ p e d e l i i c ep s a l e r a o t i r e f e r e l a r e n e g e t a D tnus arotseca a \cimihc ai]izopmoc dnivirp etad visulcni ,\citueparet ..2 .1 .tcp al etatnezerp 16



cigolocamraf liforP .1 .1 .2 ed eletcartxe \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua oviv ni i[ ortiv ni iidutS aizufrep cserc ,eramru ac ,i[ nairanoroc niugnas luxulf cserc lecud\p .)01-6( \cidracoim )2IGP( \nilcicatsorp ed azetnis \zaelumits lecud\p ed eletcartxE eramrof uc azalciclineda \zaelumits 2IGP ; elailetodne elelulec ert\c ed .)cPMA( cilcic tafsofonom nizoneda ed ,ei]atalidosav ecudorp es ,cPMA ed iir\lumuca a eramru aC \ r a l u c s a v a ] n e t s i z e r e cu d e r e s i [ n a i r a n o r o c n i u g n a s l u x u l f e t [ e r c n ` i a m u n u n l e cu d \ p e d r o l e t c a r t x e a ] n e i c i f e \ c i f i t s u j e c a e e c \ c i r e f i r e p .)41 – 9( elairetra iinuisnetrepih la i[ ic ,elarotcep ienigna lutnematart tnus etcefe ets eca e d eraot\znups \r evit ca eliipicnirP ,anixetiv ,adizotur ,adizorepih ,adizoculg-O-niloetul( eledionovalf -inaicotnaorp i[ )adizonmar-nixetiv-litecaonom ,adizonmar-nixetiv .)01-6( )eznurf nid i]alozi iiremid sela iam ,iiremogilo( iilod top pmit n` erac ieimehcsi lupmit nid iuludracoim elinuizeL iuluserts ,lapicnirp n` ,etarotad tnus \caidrac \]neicifusni areneg a \vitadixo aeradargeD .elifortuen nid iezatsale iir\rebile i[ vitadixo elii ]aps nid ienitsale a zilordih i[ mucerp ,eralu lec rolirutcurts al eralusit i regurtsid \ni mreted iezatsale aenu i]ca bu s eralulecartxe i[ eledionovalF .elitcartnoc iei]cnuf aeratcefa uc iuludracoim lulevin lecud\p ed elirolf i[ eleznurf nid icilodinaicotnaorp iiremogilo iiremogilo ,sulp n~ .iulunegixo ela evitcaer eliiceps \zaevitcani .)61 ,51( iezatsale aetativitca \b ihn i icilod inaicotnaorp e r a z e l e d i u l u d a r g a e r e i c e rp a u r t n e p i ] a z i l i t u i i r t e m a r a p n i d l u n U \mizne ,)HDL( iezanegordihed-tatcal la cires lulevin etse \cidracoim dimanitocin ed \]nezerp n` civurip dica n` citcal ludica \mrofsnart erac ed ecir e s rol e levin aeraz o D .)H DAN( suder d i toelcunid – nineda – ,cidracoim iulutcrafni lucitsongaid urtnep tâta cinilc \tazilitu etse HDL . c i d r a c o i m lu t c r a f n i n ` iu lu t n e m a t a r t i i ] \ t i c a c i f e a e r e i c e r p a u r t n e p i [ t â c -arbmem aetatilibaemrep ,ecidracoim inuizel ienu elii]idnoc n~ lui]aps n` cert HDL ed etucserc elevin i[ et[erc roleticoimoidrac a \ran noriM acnA

26


ie izufreper lupmit n` \c lutpaf tucsonuc e n ib etsE .ralulecartxe iam tlum ,HDL ed \visam erarebile o ecudorp es ecimehcsitsop \rus\m ep pmit n` edacs erac ieimehcsi lupmit nid aec tâced \tucserc .\tazufreper etse amini ec ahtnacayxo sugeatarC ed irolf i[ eznurf nid tcartxe nU ,nilreB ,amrahP rewthciL ; edionovalf %2,2 n` tazidradnats( e l e l u l e c e r t \ c e d H D L a e r a r eb i l e v i t a c i f i n m e s t u z \ c s a ) a i n a m r e G rolenarbmem a erajetorp ed tcefe nu tâta et[edevod ec aeec ecidracoim e d l u t c a r t x E . e c i m e h c s i r o l in u i z e l a e r e c u d e r e d t c e f e n u i [ t â c , e r a l u l e c ed rolelamina anarh n` %2 ed ei]roporp n` tartsinimda tsof a lecud\p etavelerp elimini i[ aimotocarot tacitcarp a-s ,inul 3 \puD .\]neirepxe a l atnemi repxe lulocotorP .ffrod negnaL luledom \pu d et a zufrep tsof ua ieretra aizulco nirp( eimehcsi ,etunim 01 – erarbilihce : n` tatsnoc – e izufreper i[ etunim 0 11 – )etnednecsed er a oiret na ignâts eranoroc v i tacifinmes tsof a ieizu freper aerei]ini al HDL aetati vitcA .etunim 03 a elelamina al ed etalozi ro limini la nairanoroc l utneulfe n` \tuz\cs iam .)71 ,61( )01 .gif( lecud\p ed tcartxe uc \tatnemilpus tsof a \narh ror\c

HDL ii]\tivitca arpusa lecud\p ed tcartxe iunu a]neulfnI .01 .giF )71( )6991 ,.loc i[ issedkaM lA \pud( nairanoroc lutneulfe nid )10,0 = p ; rotram ed \]af \vitacifinmes \]nerefid*( 36



ed eletcartxe \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua ortiv ni iiduts esaoremuN ,anihetacipe( \rup erats n` etalozi e]natsbus i[ mucerp ,lecud\p -inaicotnaorp iiremogilo ,adizorepih ,adizotur ,adizoculg-7-niloetul i a m el e C .nair anoroc niu gnas luxulf et[erc a ed aetat eirporp ua )icilod u a e r a c a d i z o r e p i h i [ a d i z o c u lg - 7 - n i l o e t u l i f a t i d e v o d u a - s e v i t c a ertniD .%201 ,vitcepser i[ %681 uc nairanoroc lutibed tucserc tac i f isnetni ua erac iroir e fni ii remogil o tacram e r ua-s ilod inaicotnaorp .)9( )II IV .bat( %131 uc na irano roc niu gnas luxulf ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .IIIV .baT iiduts( nairanoroc niugnas iuluxulf arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc )ffrodnegnaL luledom \pud \tazufrep iaboc ed \talozi \mini ep ortiv ni )9( )tacifidom ,4991 ,luaK i[ nommA \pud( iuluxulf aeret[erC niugnas nairanoroc

\tazilitu \zoD

\tazicerpen

gm 01

%8,08

lm 5,0/gμ 425 lm 3,0 - 2,0

\tnelavihce eret[erc ed \sudorp aec uc \nilifoet gm 1 %4,72 – 1,91 %1,01 – 8,2 %001 – 05

lecud\p ed etcartxE i[ eznurf nid tacsu sopa tcartxE etcurf irolf nid sopa tcartxE eznurf nid sopa tcartxE etcurf i[ irolf uc

%041

lm 51,0

%62 *%3,36

lm 1,0 lm/gμ 001

i[ irolf uc eznurf nid sopa tcartxE etcurf i[ eznurf nid ciloocla tcartxE etcurf uc eznurf nid ciloocla tcartxE etcurf i[ irolf ciloocla tcartxE \t\psaorp atnalp nid tcartxE

*%1,23

lm/gμ 001

latot lugord nid tcartxE

noriM acnA

lm 1,0 lm 50,0 lm 51,0

i]neutitsnoC / tcartxE

46


iuluxulf aeret[erC niugnas nairanoroc *%1,07

\tazilitu \zoD

i]neutitsnoC / tcartxE

lm/gμ 001

sopa uudizeR

*%8,12

lm/gμ 05

edionovalF 1 aenui]carF

*%5,36 %681

lm/gμ 001 l/lomm 5,0

%201 %84

l/lomm 5,0 l/lomm 5,0

%05 %34

lm 3,0 nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos 5,4 urtnep .nim nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos 5,4 urtnep .nim nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos 5,4 urtnep .nim

%78

%131

2 aenui]carF adizoculg − 7 − niloetuL adizorepiH adizotuR ilodinaicotnaorP/inavalF \nihetacipE iremogilo ed tartnecnoC

ed tacidir darg uc iremogilO eraziremilop

ed tuz\cs darg uc iremogilO eraziremilop

*%5,12

lm/gμ 01

1 aenui]carF

*%95

lm/gμ 01

2 aenui]carF \tnatsnoc enuiserp uc erazufrep *

.x orpa uc nairano roc lut ibed tucserc ua lecud \p ed eletcartxE n i r p e c i d r a c o i m e i ] c a r t n o c e d i e ] ro f i i r \ u n i m i d e l i i ] i d n o c n ` r a i h c % 9 3 tsof ua eralimis etatluzeR .uidem nid +K iei]artnecnoc aeret[erc aeret[erc erac urtnep icilodinaicotnaorp iiremogilo uc i[ etuni]bo .)9( )XI .bat( %303 i[ %15 ertn` tairav a nairanoroc niugnas iuluxulf 56



ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .XI .baT n` nairanoroc niugnas iuluxulf arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc latn emirep xe esudni ec aidrac ir\tcefa elib alaer p ienu elii]idnoc )9( )tacifidom ,4991 ,luaK i[ nommA \pud( aeret[erC iuluxulf nairanoroc

eratcefA \caidrac \libalaerp

\tazilitu \zoD

+

%93

lm 51,0

n` K %40,0 uidem

%78

nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos .nim 5,4 urtnep nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos .nim 5,4 urtnep nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos .nim 5,4 urtnep nid lm 51,0 %5,0 ai]ulos .nim 5,4 urtnep

lCK %50,0 uidem n`

%15

%07

%971

%303

.nim/gμ 71 = gμ 57

i]neutitsnoC / tcartxE lecud\p ed etcartxE nid ciloocla tcartxE etcurf i[ irolf uc eznurf ilodinaicotnaorP \ciremonom enui]carF

lCK %50,0 uidem n`

iremogilo ed tartnecnoC

lCK %50,0 uidem n`

darg uc iremogilO eraziremilop ed tacidir

lCK %50,0 uidem n`

darg uc iremogilO eraziremilop ed tuz\cs

+

K l/Mm 7,2 uidem n`

iremogilo ed tartnecnoC

i[ tâc ,elamron tâ ta ,etalozi enamu eneir ano roc eretra ep iidutS n ` r a l u c s a v i u l e t e r e p i u lu s u n o t a e r e d \ c s o t a i ] n e d i v e u a , e c i t o r e l c s o r e t a a \ralucsav eraxaler ed ludarg ;lecud\p ed laiceps tcartxe iunu a]nezerp nid %8 ed i[ elamron eleretra urtnep tnatser lusunot nid %41 ed tsof aet ati snetnI .ecitorelcsore ta inuizel uc eleretra urtn e p tnats er lusunot noriM acnA

66


n` ai]artnecnoc uc lanoi]roporp tcerid tairav a tnaxalerosav iulutcefe .)81 ,7( lecud\p ed laiceps lutcartxe nid etatset rolii]ulid a edionovalf ela eraotatalidoranoroc eletcefe tamrifnoc ua oviv ni eliidutS -otnaorp roliremogilo ela i[ mucerp ,eciloocla i[ esaopa roletcartxe aL .ivitca etraof if a tidevod ua-s \mru nid ait[ecA .icilodinaic o tanimr e ted ua icilod in aicotnao rp iiremogi l o ,\laro erartsinimda a )ero avetâc( \tarud ed i[ )%07 al \nâp( \vitacifinmes eret[erc ed leftsa nu \rus\m ec n` \sn` eit[ es uN .)X .ba t( nair a noroc iulutibed -l aets c i m e h c s i i u l u l a e r a e f o r t i m i l e l e n o z n i d a i ] a l u c r i c \ z a e t c e f a t c e f e .)9( irotatalidoranoroc roli]nega rotutut a \citsiretcarac o dniif lu-tceffe ii]neutitsnoc ertnid aronu a i[ lecud\p ed roletcartxe eletcefE .X .baT )oviv ni iiduts( nairanoroc niugnas iuluxulf arpusa arotseca )9( )tacifidom ,4991 ,luaK i[ nommA \pud( aeret[erC ataruD iuluxulf iulutcefe niugnas nairanoroc

\zoD \tartsinimda

ed laminA \]neirepxe

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC ed etcartxE lecud\p

52 – 02

%08-52

.nim

gk/lm 4 – 6,1 .v.i

eniâc

nid sopa tcartxE

)taizetsena(

i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

01 – 5

al 53 al ed

gk/lm 1 – 3,0

.nim

.nim/lm 59

.v.i

eniâc

ciloocla tcartxE

)taizetsena( irolf uc eznurf nid etcurf i[

12 – 6 .nim

%98-74

03 i[ 51 ; 5,7 .v.i gk/gm

eniâc

tcartxE

)taizetsena(

i[ \]neinevorp( - ei]izopmoc )etazicerpen

76



aeret[erC ataruD iuluxulf \zoD ed laminA iulutcefe niugnas \tartsinimda \]neirepxe nairanoroc 1 \pud gk/lm 1 – 5,0 eniâc al ed .nim nairanorocartni )taizetsena( 851 al 131 .nim/lm 01 – 7 %072-09 50,0 – 5210,0 eniâc .nim gk/gm )taizetsena( nairanorocartni 1 .xorpa h -1 .xorpa h2 avetâc ero

%93-52 %82-52

%07

iz/g 4,1-5,0 x 1 laro iz/g 4,2-5,1 x 1 laro 07 – 02 x 3 cinliz gk/gm laro

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC nid sopa tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

ciloocla tcartxE i[ \]neinevorp( - ei]izopmoc )etazicerpen \r\f( eniâc ciloocla tcartxE )eizetsena irolf uc eznurf nid etcurf i[ ilodinaicotnaorP \r\f( eniâc iremogilO )eizetsena icilodinaicotnaorp

tazilana a )tazimodnar ,bro-ulbud ,obecalp( cinilc uiduts nU al )iz/gm 081( OVON ®TTUGEATARC iulutaraperp eletcefe \t a ulave tsof a iulutaraperp a etaticacifE .\larotc ep \nigna uc ii]neicap o tatatsno c a-S .etazidr a dnats \te lcicib ep ii]i c rexe ronu lurotuja uc a \ v i t a c i f in m e s e r e t [ e r c o i [ i e m a r g o i d r a c o r t c e l e a e r a z i l a m r o n a i[ eneiranoroc iei]alucric iiri]\t\nubm` a eramru ac serts al ie]narelot .)6( iuludracoim lulevin al negixo ed iulumusnoc iir\zilanoi]ar

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .1 .2 n` rol e ticoimoidr a c a ei]ceto r p ed ,eraot at alidorano roc eletcefE e d i [ m u c e r p , e c i m e h c s i ro l i n u i z e l a e r e c u d e r e d , e i m e h c s i e d i i ] i d n o c noriM acnA

86


a erazi litu \dnamocer e ixopih al i uludracoim ie ]narelot a eret[erc eitapoidrac ed emrof roletirefid lutnematart n` lecud\p ed roletcartxe .\cimehcsi lecud\p ed etca rtxe \z aenoi]idnoc er ac ele taraperp ertniD la tn avujda l utnematart n ` ,)ereico sa ed etarape rp uas eta r aperponom( ,®DRACIREBSE : \ d n a mo c e r es eci m ehcsi ieitapoidrac ,OVON ®TTUGEATARC ,ONOM ®MUC SIVARC -®TNACAXO ,ETROF N ®NIGNAHTRO ,N ®NIGNAHTRO .)91( N ALLEHK iulusudorp ela erartsinimda ed i]\tiladom etla al eraotirefer etaD ,esaotnemacidem inui]caretni ,esrevda ii]caer elibisop ,lategev .6 .2 .1 – .3 .2 .1 .tcp al etatnezerp tnus ii]acidniartnoc i[ ii]uacerp

solf eacinrA .2 .2 acinrA ieiceps ele]necserolfni \tnizerper -uned ,eaecaretsA ailimaf nid .L anatnom .rolenâz lurac uas \cinra ralupop \tim -ipil \niplut o \tnizerp aicepS .em i]l\n` mc 0 3-02 ed \saor\p-soic -rtn` esupsid tnu s rolezn urf aetatirojaM nu etse a]necserolfnI .\ralizab \tezor o ed etalugil irolf nid tiuti tsnoc uiditalac .L anatnom acinrA - r e h i r o l f i [ e i l a co t r o p - n eb l a g e r a o l u c .)22 ,12 ,02( iilacotrop ,esaolubut ,etidorfam

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .2 pit ed ecinepretivcses enotcal %8,0-2,0 eni]noc lategev lusudorP iiretse i[ \nilanelehordihid – 31 ,α11 ,\nilaneleh( cidilonaiaugoduesp ,enepretid ed irut\la )cilircatem ,cilgit ,ciritubozi ,citeca iizica uc arotseca 96



ia i]avired i[ ciefac dica ,eniramuc ,edionovalf ,)loidinra( enepretirt ,)\nigalisutozi i[ \nigalisut( icinidizilorip iziolacla ,enelitecailop ,aiutseca .)32 ,02( lomit n` tagob litalov ielu i[ i[arg izica ,edionetorac H 1 4

H

O

3 4

6

7

O

1

1 3

R = H

5R O

R = H

h e l e n a l i n a

R = m e t a c r i l o i l

R = a c e t i l

R = i z o v a l e r i l

R = i z o b u t i r i l

R = m e t i l b u t i r i l

R = m e t a c r i l o i l

)

(

R = a c e t i l

)

R = i z o b u t i r i l

(

O

1 1 1 2

R O

1 5

2

1 0

9 8

O

O

O 1 1 a l f a , 1 3 d i h i d r o h e l e n a l i n a

R = t i g l o i l

R = i z o v a l e r i l

R = a n g e l i c o i l

R = m e t i l b u t i r i l

R = s e n e c i o n i l

R = t i g l o i l

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .2 .\lanoi ]idart anicid em n` etazil itu tlum ts of ua \cin r a ed elirolF n ` \ c i n r a e d r o l i r o l f a e r a z i l i t u \ z a e n o i ] n e m IV X l u l o c e s n i d i r e i r c S ela enegidni irimuned etluM .emaotameh i[ irutcarf ,ii]axul ,in\r ir \zilitu etseca \zaereg us ,\daoirep aeca nid \zaetad erac ,ietnalp ,) \rutpur = kaerb( breh kaerb ,) ered\c = llaf( breh llaf :ecitueparet ua \cinra ed elirolf eraot\mru eleloces n~ .)\nar = dnuow( breh dnuow ,msitamuer ,mtsa ,elaurtsnem irerud ,elirbef ir\ts n` etartsinimda tsof a at nalp ir\zilitu rolesaor em un \tirotaD .eralucs av i[ ecaidrac inui]cefa .murospal aecanaP \timuned tsof noriM acnA

07


e r a o t i r e f e r i i ] a m ro f n i e l e m i r p i [ \ z a e t a d e t u c e r t e l e l o c e s n i d t o T a iram ezod n` \nretni aerartsinimda \pud etur\pa esrevda elii]caer al nid dnâtad ir\nmesn` \tsixE .\cinra ed irolf nid iirutcnit i[ ieizufni ed rolirolf i ir\zilitu ii]\tis ecen arpusa ai]neta g a rta erac IIIVX luloces .roli cidem aeradn am ocer al iamun \cinra nid eletcartxe \c tidevod ua ecinilc i[ oviv ni ,ortiv ni iidutS : e cig olocamraf etcefe ed e nidutitlum o \ tlovze d solf eacinrA -usxeitna ,ecizeglana ,eraotamalfniitna ,ecignufitna ,eneiretcabitna ,iirotaripser citpelana ,eraotavitcaoigna i[ eraotavitcaoidrac ,evitad ela ecigolocamraf etcefe elesaoremuN .eciteruid ,egogaloc ,ecicotico ,p mit i[alec a n` ,rad ecitu eparet elir\zil itu \cifits uj \cin ra ed roletcartxe ii]\ tivit celes aspiL .enui]ca ed ii] \tivitceles iesp il a \ralc adavod tnus rolii]caer aetatireves i[ aenidutitlum \tadotot \cilpxe enui]ca ed .)tcatnoc ed \titamred ,etaticixotoidrac ,\tiretneortsag( esrevda -aperp ela esrevda elii]caer i[ tâc ,ecigolocamraf eletcefe tâtA .ecinepretivcses rolenotcal ,lapicnirp n` ,etarotad tnus \cinra ed roletar linobrac irutcurts( etarutasen-β,α elarutcurts etnemele ni]noc aetsecA -β,α o ,\notcal-γ-nelitem-α o-rtnid etrap caf erac etarutasen-β,α .)\tagujnoc retse pit ed \rutcurts o uas \tiutitsbusen \nonetnepolcic * leahciM irotpecca ac \zaenoi]ca etarutasen-β,α elarutcurts eletnemelE ela lirdihflus elir\purg tnus muc ecigoloib elifoelcun irutcurts ed \]af ed aenidutitlum leftsa dnânimreted eralulec rolenietorp i[ rolemizne .)42( )11 .gif( roiretna etanoi]nem ecigolocamraf etcefe aec if a tidevod a-s anilaneleh ,ecinepretivcses elenotcal ertniD .\vitca iam ia i]nalihcla iirtnec \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua ortiv ni iidutS ,ulp mexe eD .ecietorp eliru tcurts lai]nerefe rp \gael ienilaneleh aerapurg ed anietsic rai ,\nonetnepolcic ed tagel etse lunoitatulg ed \]af \tirefid etativitcaer \tsaecA .ienotcal-γ a \cinelitemoxe ,ec igolo ib etce fe ed gr a l lurt ceps \ cilpxe \tn i] ecietorp elirutcurts ae r artsinim da al rapa er a c esrev da etcefe ed a enid utitlum i[ mucerp .)42 ( \cinra ed roletaraperp .O = C arut\gel al \lifoelcun ai]ida etse leahciM ai]ida * 17


ecimehcsi ieitapoidrac aiparetotiF +

H

δ O

-O

O

-

δ

H O

+

δ

δ

+ H S

R

H

R

S

H

R

S

H

O

O

O

O

O H O

O S

R

H O

S

R

H O

O

O

O

ela etarutasen-β,α ecilinobrac rolirutcurts a leahciM ai]idA .11 .giF evitca cigoloib rolelucelom ela lirdihflus elir\purg al ienilaneleh )42 ( )89 91 ,nh ulliW \pud( ,α11 ,anilaneleh \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua oviv ni i[ ortiv ni iidutS uc azaretseidofsof \bihni arotseca iiretse i[ anilanelehordihid – 31 \nimreted ec aeec cPMA ed eralulecartni iei]artnecnoc aeret[erc \za enoi]ca ,aenemesa e D .\cimetsis i[ \na iranoroc e i]atalidosav iram ezod aL .tceridni citemimotapmis msinacem nirp vitizop portoni noriM acnA

27


luluciter n` iuluiclac iir\tpacer aeraunimid nirp ecixotoidrac tnus \sn` .c imsalpocras ereves esrevda ele tce f e i[ mu cerp ,enui] c a ed ii]\tivi tceles aspiL ezenoi]cirtser \s E aisimoC tanimreted ua \laro erartsinimda al ,emaotameh n` \nretxe erartsinimda al \cinra ed roletaraperp aerazilitu \ rutan ed eralucitra i[ e ralucsum irerud ,iizu tno c ,ii]axu l ,ii]acolsid .)62 – 42 ,6( etcesni ed irut\pe]n` ,elucnuruf ,\citamuer eli i]acidni ertnirp \ tanoi]nem etse u n \na iranoroc alaoB la negrela lulai]netop ac libisop etsE .lategev iulusudorp ela ecitueparet e r t \ c e d t a u l a v e a r p u s t so f i f \ s ) r o l e n i l a n e l e h t a r o t a d ( \ c i n r a e d r o l i r o l f lai]netop tseca )6( )0002( nnamletniF i[ ssieW \puD .E aisimoC iE .\nretni a erartsinimda urtnep ai ]acidniartno c \cifit suj un negrela en ib tnus \cinra ed ele ta r aperp ,roliruzac aet ati rojam n` ,\c ni]sus ,ro m ert ,jit rev al ed ,esr e vda el ii]caeR .\nretni erartsin imda al etarelot ,er amru aC .iram ezod al iamun rapa ,spaloc al \ nâp eim tira ,eidracihat tla nu uc aeriucoln` i[ ieigolosop a \saoiciduj aerilibats \dnamocer ie ailimaf nid etnalp al icigrela roli]neicap luzac n` lategev sudorp .eaecaretsA i[ ,\larotcep anigna \c \redisnoc )6( )0002( nnamletniF i[ ssieW \lapicnirp \citueparet ai]acidni \tnizerper ,iirotamalfni elinui]cefa un es \cinra ed roletaraperp la cigolocamraf luliforP .solf eacinrA urtnep ac ,aenemesa ed ,tazilitu iululecud\p la lec ed lai]natsbus et[ebesoed et se lutcefe ,\cinra ed ro letaraperp luzac n~ .na iranoroc ro tavitcaoigna ac t areferp ed etse ,eram ru aC .dipar iam \zae lats ni es i[ snetni iam ec pmit n ` \tuca \nairan oroc ai mehcsi n` ezer tsinim da es \s aetseca iilob la \tarud ed lutnematart n` etacidni iam tnus lecud\p ed eletcartxe )traeh gniga( » et[enârt\bm` erac iimini « lumordnis n` ,eneiranoroc urtnep i[ mucerp ,\tsefinam \cidracoim \]neicifusni ed tispil .eneiranoroc iilob aerineverp 37



ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .2 : ed \mrof bu s azilitu eta op e s lategev lusudorP e]i rugnil \uod etsep ereb r eif al \pa ed \nac o \g uada e s – e izufni − \uod cinliz \dnamocer eS .etunim 01 \pud \zaertlif es ; lategev sudorp ez e r tsinimda es \s eiubert a izufni ; \taraperp t\ p saorp eizufni ed in\c .erar iru ti]ihgn` uc u a s \ d l a c \ p a \n i ] u p n ` e t a u l i d \ ] n i r e f e r p e d , i z / . c i p 0 1 – 5 − \ r u t c n i t − et un im 51 ed pmit n` aeb es \s er ac \]udl\c \pa u c rahap nu -rtn` .cip 05 .icim iruti]ihgn` uc aenuiger n` lacol a cilpa top es \cinra ed e let c artxe ,aenemesa eD .)91 ,6( )®ROCOTCEP( iimini

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .2 \cinra ed roletcartxe a iram ezod n` \nretni aerartsinimda aL ,i rut\sr\v ,\]aerg :erev es esrevda ii]caer rapa ) \rutcnit ,eizufni( e c aidrac ii]cnufsid ,elau rt snem ir\regnâs ,rome rt ,jitrev , \ tiretneortsag ni rp et r aom enimreted \ s rai hc top iram etraof elezoD . iirotaripser i[ .caidrac pots nid eletcartxe \tarud ed i[ \tnevcerf \nretxe erartsinimda aL * tcatnoc ed \titamred i[ elacol ii]atiri cudorp \cinra ed irolf . )5 2 , 4 2 , 7 , 6 ( e l u c i z e v i c i m e d a e r a m r o f n i r p \ t a z i r e t c a r a c

sutcurf eagansiv immA .3 .2 sucuaD .nis .maL ).L( agansiv immA ieiceps eletcurf \tnizerper elir\] n~ .eaecaipA ailimaf nid .ztnarG agansiv muipA .nis .L agansiv .allehk ed aerimuned bus \tucsonuc etse ebara

eaecaretsA ailimaf nid iiceps al sela iam etnezerp ,elenotcaloritubnelitem-α .leahciM pit ed ii]ida nirp tcatnoc ed etitamred cudorp ,)iululeciro[-adaoc ,le]e[um( noriM acnA

*

47


era ,\naeenaret idem enigiro ed ,atnalP iinic al uc etatces – ta nepirt u as – ib eznurf elebmu n` etapurg ebla irolf i[ emrofilif eraoluc ed enehcaid t nus elet curF .esupmoc . )1 2 , 0 2 ( e i [ u n e c - n u r b

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .2 - orconaruf eni ]n oc lateg e v lusudorP eniramuconarip ,)anigansiv ,anilek( enom i[ edipil ,litalov ielu ,edionovalf ,)anidansiv( .) 52 ,12 , 02( enietorp

).L( agansiv immA .maL H 3 C O

O

O O

3

R

O

C H

C O

O

O

C H

3

O

C O K e l i n a

3

v i s n a g i n a

R O H C H

v i s n a d i n a

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .2 r o t a t a l i d o s a v \ z a e n o i ] c a s utcurf eagansiv i mmA n i d e l e t c a r t x E dniif \deten arutalucsum \zaexaler i[ cirefirep i[ nairanoroc levin al es aonigna itna ac ebara ir \] etlum n id \lanoi]ida r t anicidem n` etazilitu tnus etcefe etseca ed eraot\znups\r evitca eliipicnirP .ecitilomsaps i[ .anidansiv i[ anigansiv ,anilek 57



lulevin al ed \deten arutalucsum sela iam \zaexaler anileK e p e r e d \ c e r p u c \ z a e n o i ] c a a n id a n s i v i [ a n i g a n s i v e c p m i t n ` r o l i i h n o r b .)7 ,6( \ralu c sav \deten arutalucsum +2 rolerbif iei]cartnoc rasecen aC aetatilibinopsid edacs anileK .edet e n eralucsum nirp eralucsav edeten iirutalucsum ai]cartnoc \bihni anigansiV esuder ii]artnecnoc aL .ei]artnecnoc ed etnedneped etirefid emsinacem nirp esudorp elii]cartnoc \bihni anigansiv )M 5-01 x 5 – M 6-01( -β eralumits(

+2

aC ed rol elan ac aeracolb ed etn ednepedn i emsinacem

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67


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vitadixo lusertS .)\zadixorep-noitatulg ,\zalatac ,\zatumsid-dixorepus \p ud ra pa er a c elarutcu rtsartlu elir\c ifidom e d i[ rot\znu ps\r etse -oim ela ir\tnemgarf ,etaifortrepih iirdnocotim( eizufreper-eimehcsi .) roletnemalif aetativitca ezelumits \s erac e]natsbus ronu aerartsinimdA a erineverp ed \tneicife etatiladom o etse inegodne roli]nadixoitna .eizufreper-eimehcsi ed ecidracoim elinuizel nid vitadixo iuluserts .etatilac \tsaeca era )eaecaillA ,.L muvitas muillA( luiorutsU ed ludracoim \zaejetorp luiorutsu \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua oviv ni iidutS ii]\ tivitca aeret[erc nirp e izufrepe r-eimehcsi ed sud orp vit a dixo luserts iir\dixorep aerecuder i[ )TAC( iezalatac ,)DOS( iezatumsid-dixorepus \]n at ropmi o era TAC i [ DOS a \ tnetimocno c aer alumitS .ecidipil TAC a \tnetimocnoc aeravitca \r\f DOS aeravitca eceraoed \tibesoed e d d i x o r e p e d \ r a l u l e c a r t n i a e r a lu m u c a n i r p v i t a d i x o l u s e r t s \ z a e ] n e t o p rolir\cifidom a]nedicni i[ ecuder luiorutsu ,aenemesa eD .negordih .e iz ufreper-ei mehcsi n` e su dorp el a rutcurtsartlu e n i v e r p i u l u i o r u t s u a \ c in o r c a e r a r t s i n i m d a , \ ] n i c e s n o c n ~ n ` a t s e c a e d e s u d n i e l a ru t c u r t s a r t l u e l i r \ c i f i d o m i [ v i t a d i x o l u s e r t s . )92( \cidraco im aizufr e per-aimehcsi tai]nedive a i]neicap 0141 tir\mru a erac urtnecitlum uiduts nU e c u d e r \ t e i d n i r p n e t o r a c - β ed tucserc tropa nu \c lutpaf .ir ot\m uf a l sela iam ,cidrac oim tcrafni ed lucs ir vit acifinmmes ep evitirtun etnemilpus ronu aerartsinimda \c lutpaf etse tnaseretnI n` \c et[edevod ec aeec tcefe i[aleca tuva a un netorac-β ed \zab un tarotad tsof a rotceto r poidr a c lutce fe tanoi]n e m urt necitlum luiduts .)13 ,03( \teid nid i]neirtun rotla i[ ic ,iulunetorac-β iamun

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i[ etcurf etlum n` netorac-β ed irut\la et[es\g es erac ,anipociL eletcefe ed etrap eram n` eraot\znups\r if aetup ra ,emugel .edionetorac n` etagob eteid ienu ela eraotcetorpoidrac un ,emsinagroorcim i[ etnalp ed iamun \tazitetnis etse anipociL eraoluc ed elemugel i[ eletcurf n` et[es\g eS .lamina lumsinagro ed i[ .b at( )etamot n` sela iam rad ,edrev enepep ,esi a c ,u [or tiu r feparg( ei[or .)13( )IX i[ emugel ,etcurf elenu nid \nipocil n` lutuni]noC .IX .baT etamot nid e tasecorp esudorp )13( )tacifidom ,2002 ,doowkcoL i[ troppaR \pud( )g/gμ( \nipociL 27 – 32 45 6,33

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08


ed lusoada ,eramru ac ,i[ ienipocil aetatilibinopsidoib cserc eledipiL .\c ifeneb etse ii[or ed \zab ep elirusos i[ e lep us n` lategev ielu et[erc ,iulunetorac-β a laiceps n` ,\teid n` edionetorac rotla a]nezerP .ienipocil aetatilibinopsidoib lutuse] n` sela i a m \zaetizoped es eled i onetorac msinagro n~ \lautneve o atsiped a urtnep ,vitom tseca niD .tacif n` i[ sopida ateid \rus\m ec n` aicerpa a urtnep uas edionetorac n` \]neicifed \nimreted es ,edionetorac ed lurasecen iulumsinagro \zaezinruf .\msalp n` uas natucbus sopida lutuse] n` arotseca ai]artnecnoc \rut\gel o tai]nedive ua etirefid ir\] n` etazilaer elpma iidutS u a s n a t u c b u s s o p i d a l u tu s e ] n ` i e n i p o c i l a \ t u c s e r c a i ] a r t n e c n o c e r t n ` .\ nair a noroc \laob uc ii] neica p al ii]\tilatrom a \tu z \cs atar i[ \msalp etse i]abr\b al eneiranoroc inui]cefa nirp roleseced lur\mun ainautiL n~ e l e l e v i n e s - u d n â n i m r e t e D . a i d eu S n ` t â c e d e r a m i a m i r o 4 e d tlum irolav tis\g ua-s lorefocot-α i[ netorac-β ,\nipocil ed ecitamsalp . i z ed e u s a l t â c e d i n e i n a u t i l a l e t u z \ c s i a m ,\tnizerper ,\nipocil n` sela iam ,i]nadixoitna n` \car\s \teid O .)13 ,0 3( eneiranor oc elilob u rtnep csir ed ro tcaf nu ,\laiodn` \r\f tnus )eaecaniL ,.L mumissitatisu muniL( ni ed ele]nimeS lanitsetni tiznart ed elir\rublut n` ecifeneb rol eletcefe urtnep etucsonuc ed \ngineb aifortrepih n` i[ )\zolucitrevid ,libatiri noloc ,ei]apitsnoc( tai]nedive ua ina 01 iimitlu n` etazilaer ecinilc i[ oviv ni iidutS .\tatsorp lutnematart i[ aerineverp n` ecifeneb tnus ni ed ele]nimes \c ,engilam rolinui]cefa ,elairetra iinuisnetrepih ,ecaidrac rolinui]cefa -α iuludica etiubirta tnus etcefe etsecA .enumiotua i[ iirotamalfni ei]roporp n` et[es\g es erac 3-ω lai]nese sarg dica ,*)3ω3 : 81( cinelonil .ni ed role]nimes luielu n` %05 etsep ed .3C al \tautis \lbud \rut\gel amirp ,irut\gel elbud 3 ,C imota 81 * 18


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t r o p a n u e z e z i n ru f \ s e i u b e r t a t e i d \ c l u t p a f t a n o i ] n e m e i u b e r T elategev esrus elelapicnirP .6-ω i[ 3-ω ilai]nese i[arg izica ed tarbilihce eletnalp tnus )cinelonil-γ dica ,cielonil dica( 6-ω i[arg izica ed .elelaerec i[ esaonigaelo tseca nid \tarbilihcezed etraof etse \latnedicco ateid tnezerp n~ : 03-02 ed 3-ω : 6-ω tropar nu-rtnirp es-udnâziretcarac eredev ed tcnup tropar nu tirod ed etse \c \zaicerpa iit[inoi]irtun erac n` elii]idnoc n` 1 n` \car\s i[ 6-ω i[arg izica n` \tagob \teid O .1 : 1 raihc uas 1 : 3 ed inui]cefa ,eralucsavoidrac ilob al enupsiderp 3-ω i[arg izica .)13 ,52( iigrela i[ tebaid ,iirotamalfni : EIFARGOILBIB eliipicnirP nosirraH :nI .\cimehcsi \caidrac alaoB .E dlawnuarB ,PA nywleS .1 .7151-7051 ,aroeT 1002 © thgirypoC .enretni ienicidem eralucsavoidrac rolilob la lanoi]ar lutnematarT .C ucsenesrA ,MIG ucsegroeG .2 .054-573 ,1002 ,moriloP .dE :i[aI .erojam \nretni \nicideM :nI .elareneg emelborP .\cimehcsi aitapoidraC .S ucsen\l\B .3 .667-237 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L misarehG ai]cader bus( evitcetorpoidrac eht dna yrujni noisufreper – aimehcsi laidracoyM .RD orenaJ .4 ni stnadixoitna larutaN .rotide ierF zlaB :nI .stnadixoitna larutan fo laitnetop -114 ,4991 ,sserP cimedacA :kroY weN ,ogeiD naS .esaesid dna htlaeh namuh .824 :II lieT .eigolokamrahP dnu eigolokixoT ,sugeatarC .M lednäH ,TPH nommA .5 .932-902 :)3( 34 ;1891 acideM atnalP .kimanydokamrahP .enicideM labreH :nI .esaesid ralucsavoidraC .V nnamletniF ,FR ssieW .6 .281-731 ,0002 ,galreV emeihT groeG :kroY weN ,tragttutS lanoitaR :nI .metsys ralucsavoidraC .EV relyT ,R lesnäH ,V zluhcS .7 .861-701 ,1002 ,galreV-regnirpS :grebledieH ,nilreB .yparehtotyhP eralukelom

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:revodnA .stnalp lanicideM ,yrtsimehcotyhP ,ysongocamrahP .J notenurB .5991 ,dtL tpecretnI rof ediug a ;senicidem labreH .DJ nospillihP ,AL nosrednA ,J senraB .2002 ,sserP lacituecamrahP :ogacihC ,nodnoL .slanoisseforp erachtlaeh ecnamrofrep hgiH .E italledrabS ,S irreF ,P illetraM ,L inilavoB ,GG ihcnarF ni nigansiv dna nillehk senomorhconaruf eht fo sisylana yhpargotamorhc diuqil .segats latnempoleved tnereffid ta .maL ).L( agansiv immA fo snagro suoirav .212-302 :41 ;5891 ygolocamrahponhtE fo lanruoJ .J ogramaT ,J zenémiJ ,A oleuzraZ ,IA serroT ,F oníacziV-zeréP ,J etrauD .elcsum htooms ralucsav tar detalosi ni nigansiv fo stceffe rotalidosaV .221-511 :682 ;5991 ygolocamrahP fo lanruoJ naeporuE cilrag cinorhC .KS kiluaM ,CS adnahcnaM ,KA adniD ,KS eejrenaB cimehcsi yb decudni sserts evitadixo tsniaga traeh tar stcetorp noitartsinimda .9-1 :2 ;2002 ygolocamrahP CMB .yrujni noisufreper :i[aI .tnemila i[ tnemacidem ertn` ilarutan ii]nadixoitnA .U ucsen\tS ,A noriM .3002 ,apoP .T .rG .dE .2002 ,sserP lacituecamrahP :nodnoL .slacituecartuN .B doowkcoL ,L troppaR

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AIPARETOTIF ECAIDRAC ROLIIMTIRA bus iimini la lamron iulumtir ela ir\lgered tnus ecaidrac eliimtirA .ecaidrac ie]nevcerf ii]\tiraluger la uas/i[ ecaidrac ie]nevcerf lutropar ,tun im/i\t\b 001 i [ 06 ertn` \zairav l amron caidrac lumtiR b us ,\tuz\cs \caidrac \] nevcerf O . tunim/i\t\b 0 8-07 ed dniif aidem aerareleccA .eidracidarb ed aerimuned \traop ,tunim/i\t\b 06-55 ed elem un bus \tucsonuc etse tun im/i\t\b 021-09 al e caidrac ie]nevcerf .)2 ,1( eidracihat aeramrof n` ir\lgered ronu a eramru ac rapa ecaidrac eliimtirA al roliruslupmi aerecudnoc n` uas/i[ )caidrac msitamotua( roliruslupmi .iimini lulevin etse ,aticxeotua e s a ed iimini aetat e irpo rp ,lum sitamotuA etse )lairtaonis( lasunis luludoN .rekamecap rolelulec lulevin al tareneg levin tseca al etareneg e liruslupmI .iimini la c igolo izif lu-rekamecap es ednu ed ralucirtnevoirta iululudon lulevin al gnuja ,luirta tab\rts e j n i k r u P a u a e ] e r a l \ n â p , e l a s e l i ru m a r i [ s s i H l u l u c i c s a f n i r p , \ g a p o r p .ralucirtnev ludracoim uc arut\gel ecaf erac ,+2aC ,+aN ela ir\salped \nimreted ecaidrac rolelulec aeravitcA eraziraloped o al ecudnoc ec aeec \ralulec anarbmem nirp +K .enui]ca ed lai] netop ed elemun bu s \tucsonu c eirotiznart r a lucirtnev-oirta i ululudon ela i[ lasun is iulu ludon eleluleC ro r\c a tnel snup s\r uc elulec tnus )rotcudnoc oticxe cidraco im tuse]( 78



lusnes n` +2aC la tnel xulfni nu ed \tanimreted etse eraziraloped ,r a lucirtn ev i[ lairta iulud racoim eleluleC .ei]art necnoc ed i ulutneidarg -rt nirp \zaeziretcarac es )li tcartnoc cidracoim t use]( ej nikruP elelulec iulutneidarg lusnes n` +aN ed dipar iuluxulfni tarotad dipar snups\r nu . )4 ,3( ei ]artnecnoc ed rolelulec la enui]ca ed i ululai]netop elezaf etader tnus 21 .gif n~ ed etse elulec rotseca la suaper ed lulai]netoP .)5( ejnikruP auae]er nid telpmoc tnus +aN ed edipar elelanac ,ii]idnoc etseca n~ .Vm 09 – .xorpa etnel elelanac nirp lasunis iululudon elelulec n` ednurt\p +aN i[ esihcn` iululai]netop a eret[erc o \nimreted +aN ed xulfni tsecA .+aN ed e d l a i ] n e t o p ( V m 0 6 – e d a e r ao l a v e g n i t a a t s e c a d n â C . r a n a r b m e m dnurt\p +aN ,eramru ac ,i[ +aN ed edipar elelanac dihcsed es ,)eravitca ed i ululai]netop a \dipar eraziraloped ed 0 azaf( elulec n` visam eraziraloper \trucs o ed \tamru etse \dipar aeraziralopeD .)enui]ca aeredihcsed i[ +aN ed edipar rolelanac aeredihcn` ed \tanimreted pmit n` elulec n` +aN aerartni \tacolb etse ,eramru aC .+K ed rolelanac frâv nu \zaezilaer aeraziralopeR .)1 azaf( elulec nid sei +K ec i[ lairta iuludracoim elerbif al tai]nedive bals iam )toohsrevo( ed elelanac ,enui]ca ed iululai]netop a uotalp ed 2 azaf n~ .ralucirtnev n` ,i[ +2aC ; dihcsed es +2aC ed etnel elelanac ec pmit n` dihcn` es +K es e raziraloper ed 3 aza F .elulec n` dnurt\p + aN ,\c im iam \rus\m ed iuluxulfni aerecuder i[ +K ed visam xulfe nu-rtnirp \zaeziretcarac vitagen \nived \s \narbmem ed lulai]netop ac ecaf ec aeec +aN i[ +2aC es Vm 06 – ed aeraolav egnita \narbmem ed lulai]netop dnâC .)4 azaf( .\dip ar eraziralop e d ed 0 az af \zae[nalced es ralucirtnev-oirta iululudon ela i[ lasunis iululudon eleluleC n` ,\c lutpaf ed tanimreted uirporp msitamotua nu-rtnirp \zaeziretcarac ed lazab xulfni nu ecudorp es ,taunimid etse +K ed luxulfe dnâc ,4 azaf .\natnops \tnel eraziraloped o \nimreted ec aeec +aN i[ +2aC ecafer es a ed ecaidrac rolelulec aetateirporp etse aetatiratcarfeR ednupseroc \tulosba \ratcarfer adaoireP .eraticxe \uon o ed etnian` noriM acnA

88


animreted etaop un lumits nu icin erac n` adaoirep etse i[ iir\ziraloped e r a c n ` a d a o i r e p \ t n i z e r p e r \v i t c e f e \ r a t c a r f e r a d a o i r e P . r a l u l e c s n u p s \ r \ ratcarfer ad aoireP .taga po rpen ,lac ol snups\r n u \nimret e d aeralumits e r a t c a r f e r i e d a o i r e p lu t i [ r â f s e r t n i d l u l a v r e t n i \ t n i z e r p e r \ v i t a l e r . )5 – 3( ) 21 .gif( \tazi r aloper et se alulec erac n` l utnemom i[ evitcefe

ejnikruP arbif nid enui]ca ed iululai]netop elezaF .21 .giF )5 ( ) t a c i f i d o m , 4 9 9 1 , u r o [ u p u L \ p u d ( )\vitaler \ratcarfer \daoirep = RRP ; avitcefe \ratcarfer \daoirep = ERP(

tnus roliidracidarb ai]irapa al cudnoc erac ezuac elelapicnirP ,roliruslupmi a erareneg ed etaticapacni( lasunis iuludon elii]cnufsid ed elir\rublut i[ )iuluirta lulevin al roliruslupmi iiretimsnart la jacolb a eramru ac rapa \mr u nid aetsecA .\ralu cirtne voirta erecudnoc ,citapmisarap iulusunot iiret[erc uas/i[ citapmis iulusunot iired\cs tnematart ,nairanoroc msaps ,tuca cidracoim tcrafni n` i[ mucerp \tidracoim ,+2aC ed rolelanac ia i]nacolb i[ etnacolb-β uc tignulerp .*ergeneL alaob ,*veL alaob ,\lariv erecudnoc ed lutuse] \zaetcefa erac evitareneged ilob * 98



roliruslupmi aeramrof n` ele]neicifed ,roliidracihat luzac n~ roli]\tivitca uas caidrac iulumsitamotua iiret[erc etarotad tnus e tse

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\caidrac aeralumits ep \zaezab es roliidracidarb lutnematarT .erekamecap nirp \tnenamrep uas \raropmet :\zaertsinimda es iidracihat n~ ela etnazilibats( +aN ed edipar rolelanac ela etnacolb ; )aniac odil ,anilam ja ,anidinih c( I asalc – )ienarbmem ; )loloneta ,lolonarporp( II asalc – etnacolb-β enui ]ca ed lula i]ne top cse gnulerp er a c i cigoloca mraf i]nega III asalc – )+K ed rolelanac aeracolb( etirefid emsinacem nirp ; ) anoradoima( +2 , l i m a p a r e v ( V I a s a l c - aC ed r olelanac ela etnacolb .)5 ,3 ( )mezaitlid \zaenoi]ca abreh iirapocs inmahtoraS nid eletcartxE .I asalc nid rolecimtiraitna rot\n\mesa

abreh iirapocs inmahtoraS .1 .3 ).L( suirapocs sunmahtoraS ieiceps ela elarolf eli]\timos \tnizerper -ocs muitrapS .nis .kniL ).L( suirapocs susityC .nis .hcoK xe remmiW ralupop \timuned ,eaecanoilipaP/easonimugeL ailimaf nid .L muirap .bord uas ecirut\m nu etse atnalP -ep eznurf uc tsubra al( etailofirt i[ etaloi] -es uas )iiniplut azab -râv al( elpmis i[ elis -irolF .)rolirumar luf tnus ,iirua-neblag ,el azab al 2 etâc esupsid e l e tc u r F . r o le z n u r f eraoluc ed i\ts\p tnus .hcoK xe remmiW ).L( suirapocs sunmahtoraS .)7 ,6( \rgaen 19



ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .3 uelcun uc iziol a cla %8,0 etsep eni] noc lat egev lusudorP ,ciefac iuludica ia i]avired ,enovalfozi ,enovalf ,cinidizilonihc -( ed i]atnezerper tnus icinidizilonihc iiziolaclA .litalov ielu ,eniramuc .)8 ,7( \nirdnedoma ,\ninapul ,\nietrapsoxo-71 ,\nietraps-) H

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29


enui]ca ed iululai]netop atarud et[egnulerp ,pmit i[aleca n` ,rad )B.I .)A .I asalc nid cim tiraitn a ( ienidinihc \ra limis \re inam o-rtn` alotsaid et[egnule r p rad ,vitizop portoni \ zaen oi]ca un anietrapS .)01 – 7 ; 5(

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esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .3 n` etacidniartnoc tnus abreh iirapocs inmahtoraS nid eletcartxE .)8 ,7( )divarg iuluretu aetaticinot cserc( \nicras i[ \lairetra enuisnetrepih

lutnematart nî etazilitu elategev esudorp etlA .2 .3 ecaidrac roliimtira aiceps al ed i]atlocer iimozir \tnizerper amozihr iimesleG ,eaecainagoL ailimaf nid .f .tiA ).L( snerivrepmes muimesleG 39



u c iziolacla e ni]no c lategev lusudorP .AUS l utse – dus n id \ranigiro .)31 ,21 ,01( )\nirivrepmes ,\nimesleg( cilodni uelcun al vitadesoidrac tcefe nu ua amozihr iimesleG nid eletcartxE ,aenemesa ed ; elanoi]cnuf ecaidrac inui]cefa i[ elotsisartxe uc ii]neicap .)01( ralucsav lusunot cuder ed \mrof bus \zaezilitu es lategev lusudorp tnevcerf iam leC , e v i t a d e s e t c e f e u c i r u t cn i t e t l a u c e r e i c o s a n ` u a s e r a t a a c % 0 1 \ r u t c n i t : )01( ecaid rac cinot i[ ecimtiraitna .pR g 0,03 iimesleG arutcniT i z / .cip 03 - 02 x 4 - 2 , nretni .s .D .pR g 0,01 g 0,03 da

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AIPARETOTIF ELAIRETRA IINUISNETREPIH iinuisnet a \tnetsisrep aeret[erc \tnizerper \lairetra aenuisnetrepiH .gH mm 09 etsep ecilotsaid ielec a i[ gH mm 041 etsep ecilotsis ielec ela i[ gH m m 941-041 ed ecilots is iinuisnet ela irolaV ed enu isnetrep ih atimun-a [ a \zaeziret carac gH m m 49-09 e d ecilotsaid elirolav ; visnetrepihitna tnematart \tisecen un atsaecA .\]inarg ,\cirolacopih( \tavceda \teid o-rtnirp lamron al inever top elanoisnet .)3 ,2 ,1( \tar e dom \cizif e tati vitca i[ )\tadosopih ed uerg tnus etnanimreted elezuac \lairetra aenuisnetrepih n~ eiubirtnoc erac exelpmoc i[ esaoremun rolemsinacem \tirotad tazicerp .inui]cefa ietseca ai]ulove uas/i[ aera[nalced al es un )\ramirp ,\citapoidi( elai]nese iinuisnetrepih aigoloitE arafan` ,\c \redisnoc es ,lareneg n~ .etatitcaxe uc et[aonuc elai]nese elairetra iinuisnetrepih ainegotap n` ,eciteneg iei]izopsiderp :irotcaf iirot \ mru i]ac ilpmi tnus nirp \tsefinam es erac \citapmis etativitcaerrepih ie]nevcerf aer e t[erc ,\laner i[ \cir efirep ei] c irtsnocosav iei]brosbaer a i [ \niner ed iei]erces aer alumits ,ecaidrac ; r olesav ii]\ti dig ir aeret[e rc ,iuluidos aeret[erc uc ranarbmemsnart cinoi iulutropsnart ela ir\brutrep aeec eralucsav edeten eralucsum elelulec n` +2aC iei]artnecnoc e d e t e n i i r u t a l u c su m i i ] \ t i l i t c a r t n o c a e r e t [ e r c \ n i m r e t e d e c ; )ei]cirtsnocosav( eralucsav 79



azetnis uc noretsodla-\nisnetoigna-\niner iulumetsis aeravitca era II anisnetoigna ; noretsodla i[ II \nisnetoigna ed secxe n` ed ai]erces \tadotot \zaelumits i[ eraoserposav enui]ca iulubut lulevin al iu luidos ai]brosbaer e t [er\m erac noretsodla ; latsid trotnoc i[ )2A lunaxobmort( eraoserposav elemetsis ertn` urbilihcezed ,aniercilak ,2I i[ 2E

elenidnalgatsorp( eraoserpedosav ; )aninikidarb-lizil ,aninikidarb

ed \tuz\cs erare bi le nirp \taziretcarac \lai letodne ei]cnufsid tcefe uc )rotcaf gnixaler devired – muilehtodnE ;FRDE( ON )1 TE( 1 ieniletodne ii]\tivitca aeret[erc i[ rotatalidosav ;eraotcirtsnocosav cinretup ,uidos ed \laner ei]neter al ecudnoc tâcurtn` aimenilusnirepih d eten i uluihc[um aifortr e pih ,ecitapm is ii]\ti vitca aeret[erc .)6 – 1( ralulecartni +2aC aeret[erc ,ralucsav es eraota[nalced elezuac \radnuces \lairetra aenuisnetrepih n~ :if top i[ etatitcaxe uc csonuc a zorelcsoreta ,e saotami hcnerap iitapo r fen - \laner \rutan ed ; elaner ieretra msinoretsodlarepih ,moticomorcoef - \nircodne \rutan ed ; gnihsuC mordnis ,ramirp \]neicifusni ,*\troa ed ei]atcraoc - \ralucsavoidrac \rutan ed ; ralucirtnevoirta colb ,\citroa eneinarcartni iinuiserp aeret[erc : \cigoloruen \rutan \rutan ed ; \tilemoil op ,)etilaf e cne ,iromut( -olarenim ,iziocitrococulg ed zuba : \saotnemacidem \rutan ed . )4 ,1( elaro e v itpecartno c ,iziocitroc ietroa iulunemul aeratsugn` nirp \taziretcarac \latinegnoc eilamona * noriM acnA

89


al ii]acilpmoc ed eires o \nimreted \lairetra aenuisnetrepiH etnatropmi iam erac ertnid larberec i[ laner ,caidrac ,ralucsav levin :tnus e s a u r t n e p - \ ]n e t s i z e r e d r o l e s a v a \ l a r u t c u r t s a e r a l e d o m e r n` et[erc ralucsav eleterep ,visnetrepih iuluserts atpada aeret [erc i[ e i]cirt snocos a v \nimret ed ec aee c emisorg ;ecirefir ep eralucs a v ie]netsizer ;roleretra aerazidigir i[ aeratalid ,*\zenegoreta n irp ,lapicnirp n` ,\taziretcarac \v isnetr e pih eitapoidrac etaop \caidrac e ratcef a \tsaec a ;\gnâts \ral ucirtnev eifortrepih eimehcsi uas iimtira ,\caidrac \]neicifusni al pmit n` ecudnoc ;\nairanoroc \zorelcsoreta nirp \cidracoim ;\ci no rc \laner \]neicifusni .)4 ,1( elarbe rec eralu c sav etnedicca ,etrap o ed ep ,e nu puserp elairetra iinu isnetr e pih lutnematarT ed aerartsinimda ,etrap \tla ed ep rai ,\]aiv e d iulu lits aeracifidom .evisnetrepihitna etnemacidem es il ivisnetrepih roli]neicap ,\]aiv ed lulits et[evirp ec aeec n~ : \dnamocer n` car\s i[ etarut asen i mis\rg i[ e rbif n` t agob ,tadosop ih miger ; etarutas imis\rg ; elaro p roc ii]\t uerg aered\cs ; u izengam i[ uiclac ,u isat op uc ae r atnemilpus ; loocla ed iulumusnoc aerecuder ; aefac ed taluger lumusnoc a l i [ tamuf al aera]nuner .taredom cizif lui]icrexe

anaoloc ed esudorp elailetodne rolinuizel lulevin al \zaemrof es moreta ed elic\lp * \tucserc enuiserp bus egnâs ed 99



\zaezab es elairetra iinuisnetrepih la sotnemacidem lutnematarT :ed aerart sinimda ep cudorp i[ aimelov dacs ,azeruirtan cserc – eciteruid ;e i]atalidosav , \cirefirep \ralu csav a]netsizer dacs – icitapm is irotibihni ; \ s ao n e v a ] n a t i c a p a c c s e r c , \ c a i d r a c a i ] c n u f \ m i r p e d la raloiretra deten luihc[um \zaexaler – etcerid eraotatalidosav ; \]netsiz er ed rolesav \bihni – ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ed iemizne ia irotibihni ;norets odla i[ II \n is netoign a ed aeramrof elet cefe \zaehco lb - \n isnetoig na ed r olirot pecer i a i]nacolb ,ei]ci rtsnocosav( 1 TA roli rotpecer lul e vin al II i e nisnetoigna ed iei]erces ae r a bihni ,\ralucsav i[ \cidraco im eifortrepih ;)noretsodla +2 cudorp i[ ralucsav lusunot cuder - aC ed rolelanac ia i]nacolb . ) 6 ,5 ,4 ,1( e i]atalidosav eaiflowuaR :etazilitu tnus elairetra iinuisnetrepih aiparetotif n~ ,erolf muc muilof igeatarC ,sublub ivitas iillA ,abreh icsiV ,xidar .muilof irdnedodohR ,muilof eaelO

xidar eaiflowuaR .1 .4 nid htneB anitnepres aiflowuaR ieiceps elinic\d\r \tnizerper .eaecanycopA ailimaf

htneB anitnepres aiflowuaR noriM acnA

001


eznurf uc tsubra n u et se ,aizenodnI i[ aid nI nid \ra nigiro ,atnalP uas ebla irolf i[ elicitrev n` esupsid ,etaloecnal-lavo ,esupo ,ecairoc ed \purd o etse lutcurF . eralixa uas elanimret e mic n` etapurg zor bals es \ cituepar e t n~ .\]nâm \s \rugn is o uc ee caloiv-\r gaen eraoluc ed ,et iodn` uas eticus\r ,ec irdnilic tnus aetse ca ;elinic\d \r csesolof .)9 – 7( sihcsed- nurb eraoluc

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .1 .4 ,enizer ,icilodni iziolacla %1 etsep eni]noc xidar eaiflowuaR icilodni roliziolacla aetatirojaM .ilorets ,enovalf ,enonihcartnalitemixo es ait[eca ertnid ; ralucsavoidrac iulutarapa lulevin al \zaenoi]ca .)01( anilamja i[ )anizabuar( anicilamja ,aniprezer \cramer

H 3 C O

NH

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r e z e r p i n a NH

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a j m a l i c i n a

a j m a l i n a

101



cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .4 anicidem n` etatihcitnA nid \cn` \tazilitu etse xidar eaiflowuaR n` ,etcesni ed uas epra[ ed elirut\c[um n` toditna ac \naidni \lanoi]idart .elanimodba irerud ,elirbef ir\ts ,etateixna i[ etatilibaticxe ,energim evisnetrepihitna elemirp tsof ua xidar eaiflowuaR nid eletcartxE tsof ua arotseca ela evisnetrepihitna eletcefE .\citueparet n` etazilitu n ` , u i z r â t i a m i n a e t p a { . a rp o h C e r t \ c e d 3 3 9 1 n ` o v i v n i e t a i ] n e d i v e . )11 ,3( \ cinilc anicid em n` sudo rtni a-el lik a V na idni luc idem ,0491 xidar eaiflowuaR nid roletcartxe a \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA ep enui]ca uc citilocita pmisoruen nu – ien iprezer \tarotad etse ed lulibinopsid edacs aniprezeR .ranoilgnagtsop citapmis lunoruen aerabihni nirp iranoilgnagtsop icitapmis iinoruen nid \nirfeniperon tiz op ed ed elelucizev n` ci tpanis lui]aps n id aietse ca iir\tpacer \nimreted ec aeec edacs citapmis lusunot ,eramru aC .elanoruen aerecuder ,\]nicesnoc n` ,i[ ecirefirep eralucsav ie]netsizer aerecuder .)6 ,1( eniugnas iinuiserp etcartxe csesolof es elairetra iinuisnetrepih aiparetotif n~ elac ep \zaertsinimda es aetsecA .xidar eaiflowuaR nid etazidradnats cidiolacla latot gm 6 ed etse \tadnamocer \cinliz azod ;\laro iam ezod n` \zaertsinimda es eletcartxe lai]inI .ezirp 3 n` \tazitraper a e r e d \ c s o \ z a e r t s i g e rn ` e s \ n â p t a t p e r t c s e r c e s i o p a e r a c i c i m ed pmi t \vit ca azod uc io pa \unitn oc es lutnem a tarT .elairetra iinuisnet ronu iei]irapa luzac n` iamun ecuder es azod ;na nu al \nâp inul 3-2 3-2 \pud tnel \zaelatsni es visnetrepihitna lutcefE .esrevda etcefe \pud inâm\tp\s avetâc \tsisrep i[ erartsinimda ed inâm\tp\s .iul u tnemata r t aerepurertn` xidar eaiflowuaR nid roletcartxe a \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA a eramru ac \vitades en ui]ca o ed cifeneb do m n` \tatelpmoc etse .lartn e c l evin al e nimalocetac ed roletizop ed iei]elped noriM acnA

201


,elatot eletcartxe ezertsinimda es \ s tareferp ed etsE tnus elatot eletcartxe ; erup ieniprezer lucol n` iziolacla n` etazidradnats tâced etarelot enib iam tnus ,sulp n` ,i[ aniprezer i[ ac etneicife ed lef al r o l e t c e f e \ t i r o t a d \ t a t i m i l t lu m e t s e e r u p i e n i p r e z e r a e r a z i l i t U . a t s a e c a a e r e t [ e r c , e l a d i m a r i p a r tx e e m a o r d n i s , \ r e v e s e i s e r p e d ( e s r e v d a e l a s . )ecirtsag rolereclu aera v itca ,ecir tsag iei]erces eaiflowuaR nid roletcartxe aerartsinimda \dnamocer E aisimoC nirp etaziretcarac \lairetra enuisnetrepih ed erao[u emrof n` xidar n` i[ mucerp ,gH mm 061 i[ 041 ertn` esnirpuc elanoisnet irolav ,\ la sunis eidracih at ed \ t i]osn` citapm is ralucs um iu lusuno t aeret[erc .)11 ,1( eirotomohisp ei]atiga i[ enuisnet ,etateixna

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .4 n` \rtni xidar eaiflowuaR nid etazidradnats etcartxE ETRA : evisnetrepihitna etcefe uc etaraperp roleraot\mru a]nenopmoc N ®NOTCNUFUAR ,®TNALPOWUAR ,S ETROF ®NITUAR .)21(

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .4 xidar eaiflowuaR nid eletcartxe \tagnuledn` erartsinimda aL .eiserped ,\]netopmi ,\]nelonmos ,\lazan eitsegnoc cudorp xidar eaiflowuaR nid roletcartxe aerartsinimda \tacidniartnoc etsE aereicosa i[ mucerp ,eratp\la i[ \nicras ,reclu ,moticomorcoef ,eiserped n` eidracidarb \nimreted( ecilatigid ,)iepodovel lutcefe cuder( apodovel uc .)11( )CNS cinretup \mirped( ecirutibrab i[ ecitpeloruen ,)\reves

abreh icsiV .2 .4 e d etatlocer etcurf i [ eznurf ed eti]osn` e r enit elir umar \tnizerper ralupop \timuned ,eaecacsiV ailimaf nid .L mubla mucsiV aiceps al .csâv 301



. \tizarapimes \ tnalp o etse lucsâV \ tacifimar ,\trucs \ niplut o \tnizerP uc irotsuah i[ore mun uc , cimotohcid ep eletnalp ed \zaexif es aror\c lurotuja srevni ,eleznurF .\zaetizarap el erac .supo esupsid tnus ,esaoleip i[ etavo n` etapurg tnus ecioid etauxesinu elirolF la eracifimar ed lucol al iizahid ebla ,eslaf ecab tnus eletcurF .rolirumar .)9 – 7( esaoielc i[

.L mubla mucsiV

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .4 erac \ xelpmoc \c imi hc ei]i z opmoc o era lategev lusudorP .iir\tlocer lutnemom i[ \tatizarap adzag ed tnedneped \zairav :tnus abreh icsiV iulusudorp ia i]neutitsnoc iilapicnirP ; )nitkelletsiM = LM( III LM ,II LM ,I LM : elenitcel ; elenixotocsiv i[ irumar n`( tacifiretse cinretup nanorutcalag : eledirahazilop ; )etcu rf n`( dica n a tcalagon ibara ,)eznurf O C H

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elairetra iinuisnetrepih aiparetotiF 3

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-ixotemid ,iululotecrevc ela edizocilg ,lotecrevc : eledionovalf ; ieniloetulix ot e mid i[ i ululotecrevc -β ,\nimarit ,\nimatsih ,\nilocliteca ,\niloc : enegoib elenima ; \n imalitelinef ; cigniris ,ciluref ,cipanis ,ciefac iizica : icinaporplinef ii]avired .)31 ,01 ,7( \nigniris ,E adizoretuele ,lonizeragniris : elenangil

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .4 aenui]ca ed eraot\znups\r evitca eliipicnirp/luipicnirP dnâvA .etucsonuc \cn` tnus un csâv nid roletcartxe a \visnetrepihitna tidnâps\r etraof cinangil tavired ,lonizeronip urtnep \c lutpaf eredev n` rengaW ,evisnetrepihitna etcefe etai]nedive tsof ua ,lategev lunger n` i[ ,atseca uc larutcurts i]idurn` iilonefilop \c \redisnoc )11 .tic( )5991( if ra ,icinaporplinef ii[upmoc i[ elenangil ,eledionovalf :emuna . c s â v n i d r o l e t a r ap e r p a \ v i s n e t r e p i h i t n a a e n u i ] c a e d i r o t \ z n u p s \ r .\tasrevortnoc etraof etse iulucsâv a \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA visnetrepihitna ac tazilitu etse lucsâv \lanoi]idart anicidem n` i[eD 501



a i]neicap ed eram r\mun nu ep \tarud ed ecinilc iiduts ronu aspil ,ro[u ert nirp \lairetra aenuisne trep ih \du lcni un \s E ais imoC tanimreted .csâv nid roletaraperp ela ecitueparet elii]acidni tâced vitca ni]up iam etse lucsâv ,visnetrepihitna tnega aC \pud \zaelatsni es \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA .aiflowuaR ed anic\d\r er a roilema o ed \ti]osn` e tse i[ era r tsinimda ed i nâm\tp \ s 3 ni]up lec \lairetra aenuisnetrepih cse]osn` erac emotpmis rotlum a \vitacifinmes .)11 ,7 ,3( aetati libatiri ,luji trev ,anergim tnus muc caf csâv nid eletaraperp )11( )0002( nnamletniF i[ ssieW \puD .)etim( \dnâlb enui]ca uc roletaraperpotif airogetac nid etrap

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .2 .4 uas tarecam ed \mrof bus \zaertsinimda es lategev lusudorP .eizufni nid \raperp eS .eiparetonom ac iamun \dnamocer es lutarecaM ero 21-8 suaper n` \sal es ; \pa lm 052 i[ lategev sudorp e]irugnil 4-2 anu : iz/tarecam in\c 2 \zaertsinimda eS .\zaertlif es erac \pud .araes \tlalaec i[ etacnâmen ep ,a]aenimid esudorp etla uc \zaicosa es abreh icsiV erac n` luzac n~ .eizufni ed \mrof bus aerarculerp \dnamocer es ,elategev enui]ca uc abreh icsiV eni]noc \lumrof aeraot\mrU enui]ca uc igeatarC serolF te muiloF ,\dnâlb \visnetrepihitna : e v i t a d e s o i d r a c e t c e f e u c muil of eassileM i [ e r a o t a t a l i d o r a n o r o c .pR

0,001 da ā ā

noriM acnA

ibla icsiV abreH igeatarC serolF te muiloF eassileM muiloF s eiceps .f .M nretni .s .D 601


e]irugnil 2 i[ erebreif al \pa ed \nac o-rtnid \raperp es aizufnI es erac \pud etunim 01-5 supaer n` \sal eS .sus iam ed lucetsema nid aizufnI .araes anu i[ a]aenimid eizufni \nac o \dnamocer eS .\zaertlif enibla ed ereim uc icludn` etaop es ; erar iruti]ihgn` uc ,etnibreif aeb es .)11 ,3( etaraperp ronu ai]izopmoc n` \rtni abreh icsiV nid etcartxE :\visnetrepihitna enui]ca uc )ereicosa ed etaraperp i[ etaraperponom( ,TFASNEZNALFP – LETSIM ®PPIENK ,®LLYHPOCSIV .)21( KCUHCS S MUCINOTREPIHITNA

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .4 ,cizab retcarac uc elen ietorp ,iulucs â v ii]neu titsnoc ertniD ,\rbef( esrevda etcefE .cixot lai]netop ua elenitcel i[ elenixotocsiv i[ ecigrela ii]caer ,msitatsotro n` iirotalucric ii]cnufsid ,\nergim ,romert a \laretn erap aerartsinim da al sela iam etalanm es tsof ua ) iirotamalfni ne m ret ep uas iram ezod n` ,\la r o erartsinimda a L .cs â v nid roletcartxe \zorcen raihc i[ ei]atiri( esrevda ii]caer \rapa \s libisop etse ,gnul .)41 ,7( )iulutacif lulevin al iirotamalfni inuizel ,\lacol

sublub ivitas iillA .3 .4 nid .L muvitas muillA aiceps al ed i]atlocer iiblub \tnizerper .iorutsu ralupop \timuned ,eaecaillA ailimaf n` etapurg ebla iro lf i[ erainil eznurf uc \tnalp o e tse luiorutsU n~ .\luspac o et se lutcu rf ; elebmu -olof es \citu eparet n ` i[ ei]atnemila nid i]amrof tnus ait[ecA .iiblub cses -irpmoc ,i]ignula iliblub 51 – 01 -mem ,ebla e]iof ed i]ilevn` ,i]am i[ etui tsug ua iilibluB .esaonarb ta]nunorp et r aof ,c itsiretcarac sorim .L muvitas muillA .)9 – 7( 701



ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .4 etse sublub ivitas iillA iulusudorp a \cimihc ai]izopmoC ed epurg elelapicnirp \c \zaicerpa es ,tnezerp n~ .\xelpmoc ed tibesoed : tnus iorutsu ed iiblub nid evitca e]natsbus : nirp etatnezerper )%63,0-1,0( elitalov eletnenopmoc ; )dixoflus-nietsic-L-lila-S-)+(( \niila − \nicila : ieniila ia \citamizne eradarged ed i[udorp − ed \ru f lusid ,li porplila ed \ru f lus id ,)tanifl usoitlilaid( ; lilaid ed \ruflusirt ,lilaid : ienicila ia \citamizneen e radarg ed ed i[udorp − ; eniitidl iniv ,eneoja ; \nietsicotpacremlila-S − ; \nietsicotpacremlitem-S − ;nerdnalef-β i[ -α ,loolanil ,loinareg ,lartic : enepret − -dixorepus ,ezalatac ,\zanizorim ,ezadixorep ,\zaniila :emizne ;ezap il ,ezanig r a ,ezatumsid , \ninoitem ,cig a rapsa i[ cimatulg iizi c a ,\nin igra :izicaonima ;\ninoert ;edi tpep -limatu lg :enietorp ;)C ,2B ,1B ,A( enimativ ;elarenim ;edipil .)51 ,31 ,01 ,7( )2F ,α1F ,2E ,2D ,2A( enidnalgatsorp es ie niila ia \citam i zne e r adarged ed i[u do r p i]l a liec i[ anicilA n~ .)31 .gif( roliblub aeribordz uas aeratnemgarf nirp iamun \zaemrof ezednics \s \libapac amizne – azaniila i[ aniila ,tcatni lategev lusudorp iulutuse] aeregurtsid nirP .etirefid elulec n` etazilacol tnus ,aniila i[ \nicila n` \mrofsnart o i[ aniila uc tcatnoc n ` eniv azaniila ,lategev .\ nicila gm 54,0 \zaer e neg \niila gm 1 .iziflus noriM acnA

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dihcil nu etse anicila ec pmit n` \rodoni \]natsbus o etse aniilA .)51 ,8 ,7( iorutsu ed citsiretcarac sorim uc soielu

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p r i n d ni s ur t su ug f e e r r e a a mt e os du i f t i c u al u r ii v e g e t a l

a l i n a z a

n u s u f e r a m o d i f i c a r i ,

H O S

3

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a c i z i s u l f e n i c i

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+

a c i d p i r u v i c

a l i c i n a

a l i l m e t a n e t i o s u l f i n a t


901

elairetra iinuisnetrepih aiparetotiF C .

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p a s t r a r e i n a p a

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t r i s u l f u r a d e d i a l i l

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S S

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S

d i s u l f u r a d e d i a l i l

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v i n i l d i t i n e

S p r o p e n i l c i s t e i n a

S S S

3

C H

+

t r i s u l f u r a d e a l i l m e t i l

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a c i d g l u t a m i c

S S

3

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E a j o e n

d i s u l f u r a d e a l i l m e t i l

-ordz ,)A( i]catni iorutsu ed iiliblub nid i]aviredoit iilapicnirP .31 .giF )C( ”i]inârt\bm`“ uas \pa ed iropav uc iir\nertna i[upus i[ )B( i]ib )51 ( )8 991 ,no swaL \pud(

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .4 e nui]ca uc evit ca eliipicnirp al e r aotiref er elii]amrofnI tnus arotseca la enui]ca ed lumsinacem al i[ mucerp ,\visnetrepihitna .esud er ed lutsed noriM acnA

011


e d eraot\znups\r etse un anicila )51( )8991 ( noswaL \puD n` iorutsu ed eletcartxe eceraoed iuluiorutsu la visnetrepihitna lutcefe \tado ,anicila erac n` uas *\tabihni tsof a ienicila aeramrof erac elelamina al \lairetra aenuisnet tuz\cs ua ,**\tatr\pedn` tsof a ,\tamrof . \]neirepxe ed u a )61( )2002( .b aloc i[ uK ,noswaL i ul rolii] amrifa rartnoC anicila i[ iorutsu ed eletcartxe \c ortiv ni iiduts nirp tai]nedive ON ed elailetodne iezetnis aeralumits nirp rotatalidosav \zaenoi]ca ,tâta tâced tlum iaM .)rotcaF gnixaleR devireD-muilehtodnE = FRDE( ed \tatcefa lai]rap iamun tsof a ienicila a eraotatalidosav aenui]ca litem uc libalaerp lutnematart ed i[ ralucsav iuluiletodne aeregurtsid aeec ON ed iezetnis la cificeps rotibihni - ieninigra-L-ortin-GN luretse i[ tne dneped ,txim en u i]ca ed msinacem n u urtnep \zaedelp ec .ON ed \lailetodne aze tnis ed tnednepedni arutaretil ,ON ed \ tnednep e dni ai]atalido s a v et[evirp ec aeec n~ uas/i[ +K ed elelanac avitca ra anicila \c \zaenoi]nem etatilaiceps ed nid edeten eralucsum elelulec n`

+2

aC ed rolela nac aeredih c sed abihni . )61( ralu csav eleterep

etla i[ \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua )oviv ni ,ortiv ni( etnecer iidutS )inatcurf ,editpepid ,enietsiclimatulg-amag( iorutsu nid evitca iipicnirp .)51( \visnetrepihitna enui]ca ua ed amizne \bihni eleditpepid i[ elenietsiclimatulg-amaG o etse II anisnetoignA .II anisnetoigna al I ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ei]neter i[ \cinretup ei]cirtsnocosav \nimreted erac \ditpepatco ,ieninikidarb aeravitcani \zaezilatac II anisnetoigna ,sulp n~ .\nilasordih tâcurtn~ .eciteruirtan i[ eraotatalidosav i]\teirporp uc \ditpepanon ii]artnecnoc al I ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ed amizne \bihni eleditpepid \tabihni tsof a ienicila aeramrof ,eramru ac ,i[ erizl\cn` nirp \tavitcani tsof a azaniila * icinagro i]nevlos uc ei]cartxe nirp i]atr\pedn` tsof ua i]aniflusoit i]la i[ anicila ** 111



aeratalehc nirp ezenoi]ca \s aetseca ac libisop etse ,etacidir ed lutsed .)71 ,51( aietseca aetativitca urtnep libasnepsidni latem ,iulucniz -nizoneda aerabihni nirP .azanimaed-nizoneda \bihni iinatcurF a l \ z a e x i f e s a n i z o n e d A . \ n i z o n ed a e d c i r e s l u l e v i n e t [ e r c i e z a n i m a e d arutalucsum \zaexaler ,eramru ac ,i[ icigrenirup rolirotpecer lulevin .)51( ei]at a lido sav ecud orp i[ iralu c sav roli ]erep a \deten e d e t a m r i f n o c t so f u a i u l u i o r u t s u e l a e v i s n e t r e p i h i t n a e l e t c e f E ed eletaraperp \c lutpaf tai]nedive ua erac ecinilc iiduts i[ oviv ni iiduts aec ep i[ tâc ,\cilotsis \niugnas aenuiserp tâta vitacifinmes dacs iorutsu . ) 81( )VIX .b at ,IIIX .ba t( \cilotsaid elairetra iinuisnet arpusa iorutsu ed iireblup eletcefE .IIIX .baT )81( )oviv ni iiduts( tcefE

\zoD ataruD \tartsinimda iir\rtsinimda


taraperP

aered\cs − elairetra iinuisnet -repih aerecuder − ecidracoim ieifort

avetâc inâm\tp\s

.o.p gk/g 1

inalobo[ uc ,ilinevuj( enuisnetrepih )\natnops

sudorP lategev tazirevlup

aered\cs − elairetra iinuisnet

−

−

inalobo[ uc ,i]luda( enuisnetrepih )\natnops

sudorP lategev tazirevlup

−

−

uc inalobo[ enuisnetrepih

sudorP lategev tazirevlup %3,1 uc( ,\niila n` tagu\da ei]roporp n` %5,0 ed )\teid

-repih aerecuder − ecidracoim ieifort -inmes aered\cs − iinuiserp a \vitacif ecilotsis eniugnas aerignulerp − uc \]aiv ed ietarud eliz 22

noriM acnA

211


aenuisnetrepih n` iorutsu ed roletaraperp eletcefE .VIX .baT )81( )e cini lc iidu ts( \lairetra \zoD citsongaiD \taruD \cinliz i]neicap )gm( uc aered\cs inul 6 009 eimeloretselocrepih a %71 iinuiserp eniugnas uc i[ ecilotsis ielec a %01 ecilotsaid eimeloretselocrepih uc aered\cs inul 4 006 \rao[u a %91 iinuiserp eniugnas uc i[ ecilotsis ielec a %71 ecilotsaid tcefe nu icin 89,1 arpusa iinuiserp eniugnas 21 006 enuisnetrepih aered\cs − . t p \ s \ r ao[u \lairetra a %21 uc iinuiserp eniugnas ecilotsis uc aered\cs− -iserp a %31 eniugnas iinu n` ecilotsaid msitatsonilc aered\cs − a %11 uc iinuiserp eniugnas n` ecilotsaid suaper tcefE

311

uidutS

taraperP

obecalp sudorP bro-ulbud lategev tazimodnar tazidradnats %3,1( )\niila

tazimodnar

sudorP lategev tazidradnats %3,1( i[ \niila %6,0 )\nicila ed ielU iorutsu




\zoD citsongaiD \taruD \cinliz i]neicap )gm( uc aered\cs 21 006 enuisnetretih a %9 .tp\s *\taredom \lairetra iinuiserp uc tnematart bus eniugnas eciteruid uc i[ ecilotsis ,neretmairt( ielec a %51 )\dizaitorolcordih ecilotsaid aered\cs 61 009 eimeloretselocrepih \vitacifinmes .tp\s iinuiserp a eniugnas i[ ecilotsis n` ecilotsaid msitatsonilc aered\cs 21 008 \lairetra \laob iinuiserp .tp\s ;\cirefirep \vizulco eniugnas \lairetra enuisnet uc ecilotsaid \lamron %5,3 tcefE

uc aered\cs a %7 iinuiserp eniugnas uc i[ ecilotsis ielec a %4 ecilotsaid aerecuder \vitacifinmes iinuiserp a eniugnas

81 .tp\s

006

21 .tp\s

006

uidutS




enuisnetrepih urtnecitlum ,**\rao[u \lairetra eimeloretselocrepih

enuisnetrepih \rao[u \lairetra i]neicap( )i]azilatipsen

taraperP

obecalp

®IAWK

uc taraperP ed ereblup iorutsu

gHmm 001 = \cilotsaid \niugnas aenuiserp ; gHmm 871 = \cilotsis \niugnas aenuiserp * gHmm 59 > \cilotsaid \niugnas aenuiserp ** noriM acnA

411


ăcituepareht nî erazilitU .3 .3 .4 iz/gm 0021-006 ed ezod n` tazirev lup lategev lusudorP i[ esr e vda et cefe \zaeren eg un ,ro[u visnetrepi hitna nu ac \zaenoi]ca .eletcefe \zae]netop el aror\c evisnetrepihitna etla uc taicosa if etaop iorutsu ed \zab ep eletaraperp )3( )1002( .loc i[ zluhcS \puD .\zab ed visnetrepihitna lutnematart n` etnavujda ac etartsinimda if top tsof ua erac urtnep ,taraperp tucsonuc iam lec aporuE n~ ,amrahP rewthciL( N ®IAWK etse ,ecinilc iiduts esaoremun etautcefe al \tazi dradnats iorutsu e d ereblup gm 001 dnâ ni] noc etelbat -)nilreB .)21 ,3( \ nici la/\niila %6,0/%3,1

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .4 al ,etaticixot ed tis pil su dorp nu taredisn oc etse l uiorutsu i[eD eires o etalanmes tsof ua iorutsu ed roletaraperp a \laro aerartsinimda ii] \tiv ac lulev in al \rus r a e d ei]azn es : emuna i[ ,esrevd a ii]caer ed e s e r a c a l , i r u t \ s r \ v , e e r a i d , \ ] a e r g , l an i t s e t n i o r t s a g i u l u t c a r t a i [ e l a c u b e d roliro tamusnoc \cifi ceps anelah ed taren e g lutro fnocsid \guada .iorutsu ,sulp n~ .cinotoretu tcefe nu ua iorutsu ed eletaraperP dnirefnoc nretam eletpal n` cert citsiretcarac sorim uc ii]aviredoit etse ,vitom tseca niD .elibaergazed sorim nu i[ tsug nu aiutseca roliemef iorutsu ed roletaraperp aerartsinimda \tacidniartnoc .\zaetp\la er ac rolec u a s etanicr\sn` ed ro letaraperp a er e icosa \ tacidniartno c etse ,ae nemesa eD eceraoed enidioretsen eraotamalfniitna i[ etnalugaocitna uc iorutsu .) 02 ,91( ecig ar omeh ro letnedicca la ei ]irapa ed lucsir et[erc

erolf muc muilof igeatarC .4 .4 erolf muc muilof igeatarC lusudorp al eraotirefer elareneg etaD ..2 .1 .tcp al etatnezerp tnus 511



cigolocamraf liforP .1 .4 .4 e d eciloocla i[ es aopa e letcartxe \c tide vod a-s 3591 nid \cn~ rolenima tiubirta tsof a lutcefe lai]inI .\niugnas aenuiserp dacs lecud\p es i[upmoc it[eca erac n` icim eli]\titnac \sn` )\nilocliteca ,\niloc( eP . \visnet r epihitna aenu i]ca acifits uj top un lat e g ev lusud orp n` cses\g etse ; \laro elac ep \zaertsinimda es lecud\p ed eletcartxe ,etrap \tla ed ert \c ed d ipar etadarg e d tnus elenima \c lu tpaf tuc sonuc enib .lanitsetniortsag iulutcart lulevin al ezadixoonimaonom ,lecud\p ed roletcartxe a \visnetrepihitna aenui]ca roiretlU ,lapicnirp n` ,\tiubirta tsof a ,oviv ni iiduts nirp \tamrifnoc a eisrevnoc ed amizne \bihni erac icilodinaicotnaorp roliremogilo .ienisnetoigna nid )edion ovalf ,ic il onef izica( evitca iip icnirp ed epurg etla i{ ; ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ed amizne \bihni erolf muc muilof igeatarC a aec uc vitarapmoc \tuz\cs iam tlum \sn` etse rol aetativitca .icilodin a ico tnaorp ro liremogilo iulunegixo luidemretni nirp ,lecud\p nid iilodinaicotnaorP \zaetalehc ,aiutseca aetat\nicev nid lixordih rolir\purg a i[ cilcicoreteh \zaehcolb ,eramru ac ,i[ iemizne la vitca lurtnec nid nZ ed lumota .)22 ,12 ( \citamiz ne aetativitca ON ed \lailetodn e azetn is \zaelumits lecud \ p ed eletcartxE n` \zaezufid ON .)rotcaF gnixaleR devireD-muilehtodnE = FRDE( \z aevitca ednu ralucs a v elet e rep nid eralu csum e deten elelulec – nizonaug ed eralulecartni iei]artnecnoc aeret[erc uc azalcic-talinaug luluciter nid +2aC aerarebile ecuder atsecA .)cPMG( cilcic tafsofonom i[ \ralu csav \deten aru talucs um \ zaexaler ,er amru ac ;c imsalpocras .)32 ( e i]atalido sav ecudorp , eciloocla ,eciloo claordih ,esaopa( le cud\p nid eletcartxE al ,e cilodinai cotnaorp i[ ecinova lf elinui] c a r f ,)ecil oocla-orecilg \la ir etra aenuisnet tuz\c s ua ,\saonevartni u as \la ro erartsinimda noriM acnA

611


uc i[ evisnetomron \]neirepxe ed elelamina al )\cilotsaid i[ \cilotsis( .)12( )VX .bat( \sudni \lairetra enuisnetrepih e lairetra iinui snet arpu sa l ecud\p ed roletca r txe eletcefE .VX .baT )12( )tacifidom ,4991 ,luaK i[ nommA \pud( oviv ni iiduts – \taruD ed enui]ca

ered\cS \lanoisnet

\zoD \tartsinimda


/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC lecud\p ed etcartxE

.nim 8 >

al ed al 08/001 07/09 gH mm

.v.i lm 0,1

eniâc )taizetsena(

nid sopa tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

.nim 7

al \nâp uc gH mm 07

021-01 .v.i gk/gm

nalobo[ )taizetsena(

nid sopa tcartxE etepsaorp eznurf

.nim 3-2

aenuisnet uc \cilotsis %73 aenuisnet \cilotsaid %94 uc

.v.i gk/gm 13

-

-

gk/lm 1-52,0 .v.i

\cisip )\taizetsena(

\rutcniT

5–4 .nim

al 051 al ed gH mm 041

.v.i gk/lm 3,0

eniâc )taizetsena(

8–7

al 541 al ed

.v.i gk/lm 1

nid ciloocla tcartxE i[ irolf uc eznurf etcurf

.nim

gH mm 09

-

uc

gk/gm 003

\r\f( nalobo[


gH mm 9

03 .rtp .o.p eliz

)eizetsena

eznurf uc irolf n` tazidradnats( edionovalf %24,4 n` etamirpxe elatot )\dizorepih %24,4

711



\taruD ed enui]ca 5–2 .nim

4–3 ero 021 – 09 .nim 9–1 .nim

ered\cS \lanoisnet

\nâp 03 uc %07 al

82 – 8 uc gH mm uc gH mm 72 uc gH mm 8

\zoD \tartsinimda

.v.i gk/gm 04

.v.i gk/gm 5-1 .v.i gk/gm 3 gk/gm 02-51 .v.i


\cisip )\taizetsena(

\cisip )\taizetsena( \cisip )\taizetsena( \cisip )\taizetsena(

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC edionovalF i[ cidionovalf latoT enui]carf \cidionovalf ilodinaicotnaorP icinavalf iremiloP iremogilO icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilO icilodinaicotnaorp

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .4 .4 a]nenopmoc n` \rtni erolf muc muilof igeatarC nid etcartxE :\ visnet repihitna enui]ca uc ereicosa ed e tarape rp roleraot\mru .)21( KCUHCS S MUCINOTREPYHITNA i[ ®TNALPOWUAR

muilof eaelO .5 .4 aelO ieiceps eleznurf \tnizerper ailimaf nid .L aeporue -uned bus \tucsonuc ,eaecaelO .nils\m ed aerim -iro ed erobra ,lunils\M \tnizerp ,\naeen a retidem enig i[ etnetsisrep ,etaloecnal eznurf n` etapu rg , e bla ,ere martet irolf uc \purd o et se lutcurf ;emecar .)01 ,9( \]nâm\s \rugnis o noriM acnA

.L a e porue aelO 811


ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .5 .4 H O H O

O

3

OH C O O C H

edionovalf ,ediodirioces ,lapicnirp n` ,eni]noc lategev lusudorP \cidiodirioces aenui]carF .enepretirt i[ 09-06( \nieporuelo nid \tiutitsnoc etse -11 ,)lategev sudorp g/gm litemid-11 ,7 ,\niepo r uelolitemed ,\dizortsugil ,ied izoelo luretse \rutcurts uc edihedla i[ \dizoruelo \cidionovalf aenui]carF .\cidiodirioces elapicnirp etne nopmoc tperd era i[ iululonegipa eledizocilg ,adizotur .)01 ,8 ,7( ieniloetul O

O

g l u c o z a

o l e u r o p e i n a

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .5 .4 erac lumirp etse )11 .tic( crelceL zecnarf lutueparetotiF \tsaecA .nils\m ed roleznurf ela evisnetrepihitna eletcefe talanmes \tarotad etse ,oviv ni iiduts nirp roiretlu \tamrifnoc ,enui]ca -onatelinefixordihid-4 ,3( ienieporuelo la \zilordih ed iulusudorp .iuluiclac la tsinogatna nu etse erac )lul i[ era anieporuelo ,\tcerid ni \visnetrepih itna aenui]ca \gnâl eP .eraotatalidoranoroc i[ ecimtiraitna i]\teirporp tsof a un nils\m ed roleznurf a \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA \dnamocer ii]ueparetotif ,aetseca etaot uC .ecinilc iiduts nirp \tidevod eti mil n` elair e tra iinuisn e t a ereni]nem urtnep lat eg e v lusud orp tnevcerf .)11 ,3( elamron n u e t s e m u i l o f ea e l O ) 1 1 ( ) 0 0 0 2 ( n n a m l e t n i F i [ s s i e W \ p u D .abreh icsiV tâced bals iam visnetrepihitna

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .5 .4 .\rutcnit uas tcoced ed \mrof bus \zaezilitu es lategev lusudorP 911



aerazilitu \dnamocer es ,elibats tnus un elediodiri tâcurtn~ .e tazilibats roletaraperp roletaraperp a]nenopmoc n` \rtni muilof eaelO nid etcartxE i[ ONOM - / REGRÜB ®TASYVILO evisnetrepihitna .)21( KCUHCS S MUCINOTREPYHITNA

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .5 .4 asaocum urtnep etnatiri tnus muilof eaelO nid eletaraperP . )11( \cirtsag

muilof irdnedodohR .6 .4 -ned odohR e d r o l i i c e p s e l e z n u r f \ t n i z e r p e r i[ etucsonuc ,eaecacirE ailimaf nid nord .eelaza ed aerimuned bus iam ,it[ubra t nus eelaza ed eliicepS ,e tnetsisrep ,izrev eznurf uc ,irobra rar ,etar oloc ,erematnep irolf i[ nretla esupsid l utcurF .emecar n` e tapurg , etalunapmac ed e]n imes esaorem un uc \luspac o etse .)4 1( icim i nuisnemid

.ps nordnedodohR

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .6 .4 O H H O

R O O H H O

a c e t i l a n d r o m e d o l

3

R = O C C H

noriM acnA

O H

ia i]neutitsnoc iilapicnirP elenepretid tnus lategev iulusudorp -izocilg i[ lodemordnaliteca pit ed . ecilonef eled -naliteca pit ed elenepretiD elem un bus i[ et ucsonu c ,lodemord uc enepretid tnus ,en ixotonayarg ed etaliteca lai]rap ,\ciloilop \rutcurts .)41 ,01(

021


cigolocamraf liforP .2 .6 .4 \tarotad etse lategev iulusudorp a \visnetrepihitna aenui]cA bus i[ tucsonuc ,iululodemordnaliteca laiceps n` ,rolenixotonayarg i[ I anixotonayarg ,\nixotobesa ,\nixotodemordna ed elirimuned .\nixotodohr cserc i[ +aN ed rolelanac lulevin al \zaexif es elenixotonayarG xulfni nu ecudorp es ,eramru aC .+aN urtnep arotseca aetatilibaemrep a i[ ieidracidarb ai]irapa uc \zaeziraloped es elelulec ,+aN ed visam .)41 ,11 ,3( iinuisnetopih

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .6 .4 ezeulave \s erac iiduts esnirpertn` tsof ua un tnezerp n` \nâP irdnedodohR nid roletcartxe a erartsinimda al a]narugis i[ aetaticacife iulusudorp aerazilitu \tadnamocer etse un ,vitom tseca niD .muilof .eiparetot if n` lategev n` \rtni muilof irdnedodohR nid tcartxe nu ,aetseca etaot uC -REPYHITNA visnetrepihitna ereicosa ed iulutaraperp a]nenopmoc .)21( KCUHCS S MUCINOT

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .6 .4 -i]noc \tirotad ecixot tnus muilof irdnedodohR nid eletcartxE .enixotonayarg n` iulutun + aeret[erc \nimreted aN ed eralulecartni iei]artnecnoc aeret[erC ,)c aidr ac colb ,eidracidar b( lagav iulus unot a ,c aidr a c iulum sitamotua .etat icixotoruen ed enemon ef i[ mucerp -ortsag ir\rublut c udorp elen ixotonayarg \ laro erartsinimda aL ,jitrev ,)eeraid ,irut\sr\v ,\]aerg ,\tnednuba ei]avilas( elanitsetni ,i[ ei]aticxe ,rolesaocum i[ iileip lulevin al tirurp i[ \rusra ed ei]aznes .)41 ,11 ,3( rota r ips e r pots i [ \ralucsum e izilarap , iram ezod n` 121



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221


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631


u a e r a c n emes ealoC n i d e t c a r t x e i [ a n a r a u G n i ] n o c e r a c r o l e t a r a p e r p .\nief a c n ` tacidir t uni]noc nu , etatizo vren ,cirts ag trof nocsid cudorp \ niefac ed ir am elezoD .)3( einmosni

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.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6

.7 .8 .9 .01 .11 .21


ecinorc esaonev ieţneicifusni aiparetotiF

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AIPARETOTIF ECINORC ESAONEV IEȚNEICIFUSNI \saonev a]neicifusni ,sonev iulumetsis elinui]cefa ertniD .\tneicife eiparetotif o e d \zaicif e neb \cinorc e d t a n i m r e t e d mo r d n i s n u e t s e \ c i n o r c \ s a o n e v a ] n e i c i f u s n I rolenev a \raluvlav a]netepmocni uas/i[ \dnuforp \saonev azobmort eS .eraoirefni rolerbmem lulevin al ed etnacinumoc uas etnarofrep , e r e r u d , m ed e a l e d e mo tp m i s e d \ g r a l \ m a g o - r t n i r p \ z a e z i r e t c a r a c \zorelcsotamred ,\zonaic ,”etisobo i[ elerg eraoicip“ ed ei]aznes ,tirurp .)2 ,1( e c inorc ii] areclu al \nâp -obmort ele]nicesnoc nid anu etse \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusnI .ednuforp esaonev iez iunu iir\mrof a er amru ac erapa \dnufo r p \saon e v azobmorT ,\saonev azats tnus i]nazirovaf iirotcaf ;\dnuforp \nev o-rtn` submort .iulegnâs ae tati libalug a ocrepih i[ s o nev iulet erep aenuizel e lenu n` erapa ) e saonev iei]a lucric aeri nitecn`( \saon ev azatS ,\ticsa ,elanimodba iromut ,\caidrac \]neicifusni( ecigolotap ir\ts elenaosrep al i[ rad ,)\niugnas etatizocsâvrepih ,\tacram eimelovopih ep tats ed ignul edaoirep \pud esaot\n\s elenaosrep al ,etazilibomi .\nicras ed inul elemitlu n` edivarg al i[ eraoicip n` uas nuacs aerareda \zaezirovaf sonev iuleterep lulevin al ed elinuizeL .ratehcalp sub mort iu nu aeramrof uc eniugn a s roletehcalp e d aeramrof \]ni c esnoc tperd era iulegn â s aetatiliba lugaocrepiH ii]\tivitca aeret[erC .sonev lunemul anoi]curtsbo top erac i[ubmort noriM acnA

831


iululevin aered\cs ,)IIV lurotcaf( iir\lugaoc ia icitamsalp rolirotcaf elenietorp( iir\lugaoc ia ilarutan rolirotibihni ii]\tivitca a uas citamsalp citilonirbif iulumetsis ii]\tivitca aered\cs ,)III anibmortitna ,S i[ C -onimsalp rolirotavitca a uas *iulunegonimsalp ii]\tivitca aered\cs( erac esecorp tnus **ienimsalp rolirotibihni ii]\tivitca aeret[erc ,iuluneg .i[ubmort ed aeramrof uc iulegnâs a \lamrona aeralugaoc \zaezirovaf .\zobmort n` tnatropmi lor nu ae i[ \caoj \ratehcalp aetatilibagergarepiH \zaemrof es \tinitecn` etse \saonev ai]alucric erac n` elenoz n~ eticortire nid i]iutitsnoc tnus ait[eca ; i]neredaen ii[or i[ubmort lulevin aL .eniugnas etehcalp eni]up i[ \nirbif ed ae]er o-rtn` etabolgn` nid i]amrof i]nereda ibla i[ubmort eret[an uai elailetodne rolinuizel .iitameh ed cim r\mun nu i[ \nirbif ,etagerga etehcalp \rut\gel ed elenev i[ iram elaicifrepus elenev ,ednuforp eleneV uc etuz\verp tnus etnacinumoc i[ etnarofrep elenev - aetseca ertnid erps \]afarpus al ed lanoi]ceridinu sonev xulf nu \rugisa aetsecA .eluvlav .enuiserp ed eliret[erc ed \]af sonev eleterep \zaejetorp i[ emiznuforp etnacinumoc i[ etnarofrep elenev nid roleluvlav a]neicifusnI ,eramru aC .\]afarpus erps emiznuforp nid elucric \s elegnâs ac ecaf aeragiri ,tinitecn` etse niugnas luxulf ,\talid es elaicifrepus elenev ai]irapa al ecudnoc ec aeec \saoutcefed etse etn ecaida rolirutuse] .)5 ,4 ,3( esaonev ienergnag i[ iezonaic ,rolemede \ n i b m o c e c i n o r c e s ao n e v i e ] n e i c i f u s n i l a l a u t c a l u t n e m a t a r T aiparetocamraf uc )icitsale iparoic( eiserpmoc nirp aiparet erac n` ii]autis i[ \tsixE .)ecitilobmort ,etnalugaocitna( \citamotpmis libarud i[ tneicife atart etaop \lacigrurihc ei]nevretni o iamun .)3 ,2 ( ecino r c esaonev ie] neic ifusni e lii]acilpmoc -onirbiforp ed elemun bus i[ \tucsonuc \vitcani erats n` \msalp n` \tnezerp \mizne * if etaop \nairetcab uas \ralusit enigiro ed ezanik ienu a]neulfni bus ; \nizil .\vitca \nizilonirbif n` \tamrofsnart i[ negonimsalp nid \zaemrof es ;\nizilonirbif i[ \timuned \citiloetorp \mizne ** .eniugnas rolirugaehc azil dnâcudorp lunegonirbif i[ anirbif \zaedarged 931



tnevcerf uircserp es ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni lutnematart n~ ,nemes inatsacoppiH nid etcartxe \zaenoi]idnoc erac etaraperp i[ amozihr itaeluca icsuR ,abreh itolileM ,xetroc inatsacoppiH .xetroc sidilemamaH .ecinilc iiduts nirp \tidevod tsof a ele ertnid arotlum a]neicifE tsof ua ii]\ticacife aeraulave urtnep i]azilitu

i am iec iirtemaraP

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\nicse-β nid \tutitsnoc etse anicse \c \redisnoc es tnezerp n~ iamun eni]noc( \nicseotpirc ,)edizonopas-liteca-O-22 iamun eni]noc( i[ \nicse-β ed cetsema nu etse( \nicse-α i[ )edizonopas-liteca-O-82 . )\nicseotpirc ,7( ilodinaicotnaorp i[ edizonopas eni]noc role]nimes lupracireP .)01 ,9 ,8

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .1 .6 e l a e r a o t c e t o r p o s a v i [ e s ao t a m e d e i t n a , e v i t a d u s x e i t n a e l e t c e f E .ienicse etarotad tnus nemes inatsacoppiH nid roletcartxe ,\niug nas azats n ` i [ leftla ed ac ,iiro ta malfni elesecorp n~ ae ralirofsof \zaetcefa l a iletodne levin al neg ixo ed suder lutropa 141



et seca n~ .ralulec iulu -PTA aered\cs uc \l airdno cotim \vitadixo ed eires o \zaerebile erac \mizne ,2A azapilofsof \tavitca etse ,ii]idnoc era vit c a ed ro tcaf ,enidn alga tsorp( rotamalfnio rp tcefe u c irotaidem n` rolel ifortuen aerargim \nimreted ait[eca e r tnid iinU .)\ratehcalp etaoT .arotseca aeravitca i[ uiletodne ed aerareda ,rotamalfni luracof elelifortueN .\saonev azats i[ aixopih \zae]netop esecorp etseca tsalborbif = FGF( rolit[alborbif la eret[erc ed lurotcaf \terces etavitca i[ mucerp ,sonev iuleterep aera[orgn` \nimreted erac )rotcaf htworg .lailetodne eleterep \zaedarged erac )\zatsale( emizne esaoremun -P TA aered\cs ed esud orp eletcefe vitac ifinm e s ecuder anicsE aerareda laiceps n` ,2A iezapilofsof aeravitca i[ ralulec iulu .arotseca aeravitca i[ ralucsav luiletodne ed rolelifortuen aerabih ni nirp ralu cs av iulet e rep a]netsize r et [erc anic se ,sulp n~ nid iinacilgoetorp \zaednics erac emizne ,iezadinorulaih i[ iezatsale left sa ec uder anicse ;\r a lucsa vartxe aecirtam i[ lailetod ne eleterep .emede ed ai]irapa uc ralucsav eleterep nirp rolenietorp aeradusxe ed ieninotores i[ i enimatsih eletcefe \zaezin ogatna anicsE i[ \tad otot \ zaenoi]ca a nicsE .elaile todne ii]\ tilib aemrep a eret[erc mucerp ,sonev eleterep n` α2FGP ed iezetnis aeralumits nirp cinotonev n` irasecen(

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241


ienicse la enui]ca ed lumsinaceM .41 .giF )11( )1002 ,irotriS \pud( \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni n` nid ienicse aetatilibinopsidoib dnivirp eletad ,bmihcs n~ .etasrevortnoc tnus \tnel uas \dipar erarebile uc laro zu ed etaraperp ed evi tacifinmes e]nerefid \tsixe un \c ni]sus irotua iinU irotua i]lA .etaraperp ed irupit \uod elec nid ienicse a etalibinopsidoib nid ienicse a \tucserc iam \laro etatilibinopsidoib o tai]nedive ua .)31( \dipar erarebile uc eletaraperp , \ n i c s e \ z a e n o i ] id n o c c i p o t z u e d e t a r a p e r p e s a o r e m u n i [ e D \zaenoi]ca anicse \c ni]sus )8 .tic( reuaneseiW i[ rengaW aietseca aerartsinimda \dnamocer i[ \lacol eracilpa al rotamalfniorp .\saonevartni i[ \laro elac ep iamun ela ecinotonev i[ eraotamalfniitna ,esaotamedeitna eletcefE etamrifnoc tsof ua ienicse ela i[ nemes inatsacoppiH nid roletcartxe .bat ,IXX .bat ,XX .bat( inamu i]ceibus ep i[ oviv ni ,ortiv ni iiduts nirp .)31( )IIXX 341



i[ \ralipac aetatilibaemrep suder ua nemes inatsacoppiH nid eletcartxE ,\cinorc \saonev \]neicifusni uc ii]neicap al tâta \saonev aetaticapac \gnul ed rolirurobz aetnian` etartsinimdA .i[ot\n\s ii]ceibus al i[ tâc iuluroicip i[ ienzelg iulumede a]nedicni vitacifinmes suder ua ,\tarud .iregasap al urtnep etazilaer tsof ua inamu i]ceibus ep iiduts etlum iam eleC NISATSONEV lutaraperp n` tanoi]idnoc tazidradnats lutcartxe nid tcartxe gm 092 – 042 dnâni]noc eluspac( ®DRATER .)2( )IIIXX .bat( )\nicse gm 05 al tazidradnats nemes inatsacoppiH inatsacoppiH nid roletcartxe ela ecigolocamraf eletcefE .XX .baT )31( ortiv ni iiduts – ienicse/nemes tcefE aerabihni

ei]artnecnoC

cigoloib tropuS

−

−

\nicsE / tcartxE enui]carF

GP ii]\tivitca

\vitcartxe

iezatetnis

\cidizonopas

aerecudni

lm/gm 2,0

\naipracatem anev

tcartxE

\cav ed

al tazidradnats

*erupei ed \nev

\nicse %61

rolii]cartnoc esaonev

lm/gm 1-2,0 lm/gm 5-01 x 5 >

\nefas \nev eniâc ed

aerecudni

lm/gm 1,0

\nefas anev

rolii]cartnoc lm/gm 1 – lm/gn 1 esaonev

\nicsE

*\namu

lm/gm 01-5

\namu \nefas anev

lm/gm 01-5

ed \latrop anev erupei

aerabihni

Mμ 9,941 = 05IC

−

\nicsE

iezadinorulaih ienimatogreordihid ,ieninotores ,elai]nese roledipilofsof ela uc elibarapmoc etcefe * ieniserposav i[ ienilocliteca ela tâced etucserc iam vitacifinmes i[ noriM acnA

441


inatsacoppiH nid roletcartxe ela ecigolocamraf eletcefE .IXX .baT )31( oviv ni iiduts – ienicse/nemes tcefE iulumede aerabihni

ei]artnecnoC 5,2 i[ 2,0 .v.i gk/gm

a \telpmoc aerabihni iulumede

.p.i gk/gm 4

iei]amalfni aerabihni \cizeglana enui]ca \vitacifinmes \cizeglana enui]ca \vitacifinmes eraotcetorp enui]ca aeret[erc ed \]af ii]\tilibaemrep eralucsav iinuiserp aeret[erc esaonev iuluxulf aered\cs tcefe( niugnas lec uc libarapmoc gμ 01 ed sudni *)\nilanerdaron

.v.i gk/gm 57,3

aered\cs ii]\tilbaemreprepih ed esudni eralipac \ninotores i[ \nimatsih

.o.p gk/gm 5,7

\doteM / \latnemirepxe ed laminA \]neirepxe iulumede lutset nalobo[ ed iebal uc sudni uo nid \nimubla iulumede lutset nalobo[ ed iebal nartxed uc sudni iulumede lutset nalobo[ ed iebal uc sudni naneegarrac

/ tcartxE \nicsE \nicsE

\nicsE

enui]carF \cidizonopas

n` gk/gm 5,2 **iizoc elenev

inalobo[

\nicsE

anev n` gm 05 \larumef anev n` gm 001 \nefas n` \tazufrep \supo ei]cerid iuluxulf niugnas .o.p gk/gm 002

)taizetsena( eniâc

tcartxE al tazidradnats \nicse %61

inalobo[

tcartxE al tazidradnats \nicse %61

aetaticapac et[edevod lutcefe ; ei]artnecnoc ed edniped iulutcefe aetatisnetni * .esaonev elevlav edihcn` a ed iulutcartxe 42 ,uo [ubla ei]ulos %05 a aerartsinimda ed \tamru etse ienicse aerartsinimda ** al enâm\r eulB snavE lutnaroloc ; .v.i gk/lm 5 ,eulB snavE %1 i[ .p.i gk/lm \zaedavni \nicse uc etatarten elelamina al ec pmit n` eciretnezem rolesav lulevin .\lanimodba etativac agaertn` 541



\zoD \cinliz

\cinu \zod

gm 003 .o.p

\taruD

\cinu \zod

\cinu \zod

\cinu \zod

gm 006 radnats( al tazid gm 001 )\nicse .o.p gm 051 .o.p gm 08 .o.p

obecalp tazimodnar

al tazidradnats tcartxE \nicse %61


/tcartxE \nicsE

uc i]ceibus \]neicifusni \cinorc \saonev

obecalp tazimodnar bro-ulbud *ta[icurcn`

uidutS

i[ot\n\s i]ceibus


641

bro-ulbud *ta[icurcn`

ed aeratS a etat\n\s roli]ceibus i[ot\n\s i]ceibus

i]ceibus ep iiduts – ienicse/nemes inatsacoppiH nid roletcartxe ela ecigolocamraf eletcefE .IIXX .baT )31( inamu tcefE a \vitacifinmes aerecuder erartlif ed iulutneicifeoc \ralipac ie]netsizer aeret[erc ralipac iuleterep rolemede aerecuder a \vitacifinmes aerecuder erartlif ed iulutneicifeoc \ralipac ie]netsizer aeret[erc ralipac iuleterep rolemede aerecuder sonev iulusunot aeret[erc ii]\ticapac aered\cs esaonev

noriM acnA

tcefE sonev iulusunot aeret[erc ii]\ticapac aered\cs esaonev

\taruD

−

−

\nicsE


/tcartxE \nicsE

i[ot\n\s i]ceibus

−

uidutS

ecirav uc i]ceibus


i[ot\n\s i]ceibus

\nicse %2 uc leG

ed aeratS a etat\n\s roli]ceibus i[ot\n\s i]ceibus


\zoD \cinliz

eracilpa \lacol

\cinu \zod gm 063 radnats( al tazid gm 09 )\nicse .o.p \cinu \zod gm 02 .v.i eliz 21 gm 0081 .o.p

eracilpa \cinu

obecalp tazimodnar bro-ulbud


tnematart ed etirefid irulcic n` obecalp i[ nemes inatsacoppiH nid tazidradnats lutcartxe tartsinimda a-s il roli]neicap * eratcejni nirp latnemirepxe sudni motameh **

lusunot \zae]neulfni un sonev ed iezetiv aeret[erc enev n` iulegnâs a eregruc ii]\tizocsâv aerecuder iulegnâs al ieizetserepih aerecuder **rolemaotameh lulevin

741


inatsacoppiH nid tazidradnats iulutcartxe eletcefE .IIIXX .baT ®DRATER NISATSONEV lutaraperp n` tanoi]idnoc *nemes \cin orc \sa onev \]ne icifus ni uc i i]neicap al )2( )tacifido m , 1002 ,zl uhcS \pud( .tiL ,retlA 3791 )2 .tic(

,ssieN 6791 )2 .tic( ,hcirdeirF 8791 )2 .tic(

,renietS 6891 )2 .tic( ,rhoL 6891 )2 .tic( ,relsiB 6891 )2 .tic( ,yksfoduR 6891 )2 .tic( ,mheiD 6991 )2 .tic(

tcefE :aerecuder esaonev ie]nenimeorp iulumede iezotamred iirerud iulutirurp eraoicip n` etatuerg ed iei]aznes :aerecuder iulumede iirerud eraoicip n` etatuerg ed iei]aznes :aerecuder iulumede iebmag lulevin al ed rolemsaps iirerud eraoicip n` etatuerg ed iei]aznes :aerecuder iuluroicip iulumulov **evitceibus rolemotpmis :aerecuder iuluroicip iulumulov **evitceibus rolemotpmis a \vitacifinmes aerecuder erartlif ed iulutneicifeoc \ralipacsnart :aerecuder ralucsavartxe iulumulov **evitceibus rolemotpmis :aerecuder iuluroicip iulumulov **evitceibus rolemotpmis -

\taruD )eliz( 02 x 2

r\muN i]neicap 69

02 x 2

212


02 x 2

59


41 x 2

02

65

47

obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn` obecalp bro-ulbud

1x2

22

82

93

48

042

uidutS obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn`

obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn` obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn` obecalp bro-ulbud ta[icurcn`

\nicse gm 001 al \tnelavihce \cinliz \zod n` tartsinimda * roleraoicip lulevin al enuisnet i[ \laesobo ed ei]aznes ,tirurp ,ererud ** noriM acnA

841


ed e]nimes nid tazidradnats tcartxe = CSE( tcartxe tsecA gm 001 uc \tnelavihce( gm 006 ed \cinliz \zod n` tartsinimda ,)natsac i[ iuluroicip iebal lulevin al elemede vitacifinmes suder a )\nicse eD .)51 .g if( tnematart ed eliz 82 ,vitceps e r i[ 41 \pud ienzelg i[ ererud , e nuisnet ed a i]aznes i [ lutirurp t aroilema a ,aenemesa aetaticapac ta]neulfni a un ,bmihcs n~ .roleraoicip lulevin al \laesobo .iebm ag lulevin al ed ralucs um lumsaps i[ \saonev

-im da al ienzelg i[ i uluro icip ieb al iulume de aerecud eR .51 .giF )\nicse gm 001 uc tnelavihce iz/gm 006( CSE iulutcartxe aerartsin ) 2( ) 1002 ,zl uhcS \pud( )100,0 < p = *** ; 10,0 < p = ** ; 50,0 < p = *(

,CSE lutcartxe ,\cinorc \saonev \]neicifusni uc ii]neicap aL suder a ,iz/\nicse gm 001 uc \tnelavihce etatitnac n` tartsinimda er az ilitu( eis erpmoc nirp aiparet u c \rus\m i[ae e c a n` iebm ag lumulov nirp aiparet i[ tâc ,CSE lutcartxe tâtA .)61 .gif( )icitsale rolipraoic .i]neicap ert\c ed etarelot enib tsof ua eiserpmoc 941



aerartsinimda al iebmag iulumulov aerecudeR .61 .giF )2( )1002 ,zluhcS \pud( eiserpmoc nirp i[ CSE iulutcartxe etcefe \tlovzed CSE lutcartxe \c lutpaf tazicerp eiuberT ela etneipicni eliidats n` iamun eiserpmoc nirp ieiparet eralimis \saonev a]neicifusni n~ .)I ludarg( ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni i a m etse eiserpmoc nirp aiparet )aIII i[ II el e d arg( \tasnava \cinorc .)2( CSE iulutcartxe aerartsinimda tâced \tneicife l e c u c i e n i c s e l a so t a m e d e i t n a l u t c e f e t a r a p m o c u a e c i n i l c i i d u t S .\cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni uc ii]neicap al iedizoturliteixordih la erac iedizotur la \zetnisimes ed tavired nu etse adizoturliteixordiH lutnematart n` etazilitu etaraperp rotlum a]nenopmoc n` \rtni -O N E V ,®N ISAVEXO RT , ®NO T URONEV( e saonev i e]neicifusni .)NITUREXORT ,®TROF ROKNIG ,®NOT noriM acnA

051


iulumulov aerarus\m nirp taulave tsof a sotamedeitna lutcefE -liteixordiH .tnematart ed inâm\tp\s 21 a lusrucrap ep iuluroicip -itna lutcefe tuva a ,iz/gm 0001 ed \zod n` \tartsinimda ,adizotur e d e t i r e f i d e c i n l i z e z o d r on u a e r a r t s i n i m d A . c i n r e t u p i a m l e c s o t a m e d e artap a uc dnâpecn` iz/gm 005 i[ iz/gm 0001( \dizoturliteixordih \libarapmoc \saotamedeitna enui]ca o tuva a )tnematart ed \nâm\tp\s . )7 1 . g i f ( i z / \ n i c s e g m 0 0 1 a a e r a r t s i n i m d a u c -ixordih tâced \n ub iam etatilibarelot o \sn` tuva a anicsE ,elanitsetniortsag ii]cnufsid( esrevda rolii]caer a]nedicnI .adizoturlite \nicse uc i]atart roli]neicap ludnâr n` \tuz\cs iam tsof a )jitrev ,\nergim .)41 ,11( \dizoturliteixordih tartsinimda a-s il aror\c ii]neicap al tâced

iedizoturliteixordih i[ ienicse ela evitarapmoc etcefE .71 .giF )11( )1002 ,irotriS \pud( \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni n` )adizoturliteixordih = RH(

nid etazidradnats roletcartxe aerazilitu \cidni E aisimoC ecinepretirt edizocilg %02 – 61 ed tuni]noc nu uc nemes inatsacoppiH : n ` )\nicse n ` etamirpxe( etirefid ed ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni ela emotpmis e i ] a z n e s , e r e r u d , t i r u r p , r o l eb m a g e l a e p m a r c , e m e d e ( i i g o l o i t e ; )roleraoic ip lulevin a l etatuerg ed 151



; citobmort-tsop mordnis i[ ecirav ; )\bmag ed r eclu( eci f ort ir\rublut .iirot a repotsop i[ ec itamuart -tsop emede e t c a r t x e \ z a e n o i ] id n o c e r a c e l e t a r a p e r p e d e r i b e s o e d e r p S iamun etacidni tnus \rup \nicse ni]noc erac eletaraperp ,etazidradnats .ecit am uart-tsop elemede n` n i d e t a r a p e r p u c lu t n e m a t a r t , i u l u c i d e m a e r a d n a m o c e r a L tnematart ed edotem etla uc taicosa if etaop nemes inatsacoppiH ,31 ,4 ,2( )ecer \pa uc elacol iru[ud ,\citsale eiserpmoc( evizavninon .)61 ,51

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .1 .6 etarculerp eiubert e le]nimes ,evitcaoib e tcartxe eni]bo a urtneP era late nirp etacsu-erp tn u s ele]nim es ,lai]inI .\ l aiceps \c inhet o \pud es i[ \cipsed es iopA .\t alitnev enib etraof \no z o-rtn` eri]bus tarts n` 3 ed tuni]noc nu uc ,lusudorP .\zaezirevlup es erac \pud C °06 al \cusu ii ]roporp n` loocla - \pa ed cetsema uc egart xe es ,eninopas %5 – uc \cetsema es ,ces al erar tnecnoc \pud ,et c artxe et secA .elibairav edizocilg %02 – 61 ed \lanif ei]artnecnoc o eni]bo a urtnep enirtxed .)\nicse n` e tamirpx e ( ecinepretirt etcartxe csesolof es ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni lutnematart n~ nretni zu ed etaraperp n` etanoi]idnoc nemes inatsacoppiH nid ,®NINOTOSAV ,ONOM 05 NEVASSE ,02 ®NASUCSEA( -OCSAP ,N ®NALURTONEV ,S-/N-/DRATER ®NISATSONEV -IRAV( nretxe i[ )N-/ETROF ®NISRAVIDEM ,OVON ®LONEV ®NASUCSEA ,®NALURTONEV ,LEG NEVUMITS ,PRET .)71 ,4 ,2( )EBLAS-N ®NISATSONEV ,0,1 EMERC

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .1 .6 ii]cnufsid( esrevda rolii]caer a]nedicni ,\laro erartsinimda aL uc eletaraperP .\tuz\cs etse )tirurp ,\nergim ,jitrev ,elanitsetniortsag luzac n~ .\nub iam aec a]narelot \tnizerp \talortnoc erarebile noriM acnA

251


,talortnoc ecaf es un evitca roliipicnirp aerarebile erac al roletaraperp gm 313 – 052 x 2 ed ecinliz ezod al ecirtsag ii]atiri etalanmes tsof ua .)\n icse gm 00 1 uc tnela vihce( tcartxe eiracitru rar etalanmes tsof ua \rup \nicse uc eletaraperp urtneP ed ei]aznes ,eiracitru ,irut\sr\v ,\]aerg i[ \lacol eracilpa al eenpsid i[ - a r t n i e r a r t s i n i m d a a L . \ s a o n e v a r tn i e r a r t s i n i m d a \ p u d \ r u s r a / \ r u d l \ c -reted ua \rup \nicse uc eletaraperp ,erazodarpus ed zac n` ,\saonev .\tuca \ lan er \]neicif usni tanim e zod roleraot\mru ae ri[\ped \dnamocer es un ,eramru aC gk/gm 2,0 i[ ina 3 al \nâp iipoc al gk/gm 1,0 ,i]luda al – gm 02 : ecinliz .)81 ,31 ,4 ,2( ina 0 1 i[ 3 e rtn` iipoc al

xetroc inatsacoppiH .2 .6 5 – 3 ed \tsrâv n` elirumar ep ed etatlocer ele]raocs \tnizerper .nis .biliG aenatsac .A .nis .L munatsacoppih sulucseA ieiceps ela ina ailimaf nid rentreaG eragluv munatsacoppiH .nis .bsilaS arecorp .A natsac uas citabl\s natsac ralupop \timuned ,eaecanatsacoppiH .)91 ,8( c s e c r o p

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .6 ,lotexarf ,lotelucse( eniramuc ni]noc citabl\s natsac ed ele]raocS ,\nicse ,ecihetac iruninat ,enovalf ,)arotseca eledizocilg i[ lotelopocs .) 91 ,01 ,8( \niotnala R O

H 3 C O H O

O

O

H O

O

O

O R

R

R

e s c u l e t o l e s c u l o z i d a

f r a x o z i d a

g Hl u c o z a

f r a x e t o l

g l Hu c o z a

351



ăcitueparet nî erazilitu iș cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .6 - c e t o r p o s a v i ] \ t e i r p o r p u a xetroc inatsa cop piH n i d e l e t c a r t x E .i enicse i[ iedizolucse ,l apicnirp n` ,etarotad es aotamede itna i[ eraot anicsE .ralucsav iuleterep a]netsizer cserc anicse i[ adizolucsE .)91 ,01 ,8( ).2 .1 .6 .tcp( sonev iuleterep lusunot i[ \tadotot et[erc ronu a]nenopmoc n` \rtni xetroc inatsacoppiH nid etcartxE e s a o n e v r o l i i ] cn u f s i d l u t n e m a t a r t n ` e t a z i l i t u e r e i c o s a e d e t a r a p e r p .)®NOTCANEV( i\b ed \ mrof bu s i[ artsinim da etaop es l ategev lusudorP .)71 ,01 ,8( elanicidem

abreh itolileM .3 .6 ieiceps ela elarolf eli] \timos \tnizerper ailimaf nid .rseD silaniciffo sutolileM .\niflus ralupop \timuned ,eaecabaF uc eecabre \tna lp o et se anifluS irolf i[ eta]nid nif , e t a ilofirt ,enretla eznurf esup sid ,uecanoilip ap pit ed ,eneblag ,icim eiats\p o etse l utcurF .emecar n` .)9 ,8 ,6( \tnecsihedni

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .6 -udo rp ia i ]neutit snoc iilapicnirP n~ .iciniramuc ii]avired tnus lategev iulus vitatitnac \nimoderp \t\psaorp atnalp .rseD silaniciffo sutolileM -o d ica( citolilem i[ )ciram uc -o-sic d ica( ciniram u c rolizica eledizocilg \t\psaorp atnalp ,eramru ac ,i[ erodoni tnus aetseca ;)ciramucordihid iizica al \zaezilordih es eledizocilg eracsu nirP .sorim ed \tispil etse ,u lp mexe ed ; eniramuc a l \zaez inotcal es roir e tlu e rac iro t\znupseroc noriM acnA

451


n` \mrofsnart es ,ciniramuc iuludica adizoculg-β ,adizotolilem \mirpmi l` erac ep tuc\lp ,tamora sorim nu ua eleniramuC .\niramuc .t acsu lategev iulusudorp : iciniramuc i]avired %1 .xorpa eni]noc tacsu lategev lusudorP -ilebmu ,\nitelopocs ,)\nitolilem( \niramucordihid – 4 ,3 ,\niramuc .\noref ela edizocilg( edionovalf eni]noc iam abreh itolileM icilonef izica ,ecinepretirt eninopas ,)iululotecrevc i[ iululorefmek . elit alov etn enopmoc ,) c ito lilem i[ ciefac iizica( C O 6 H 1 C 1 O O H 5

O

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m e l i l o t o z i d a

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i n p r o d u s u l v e g e t a l p r o a s p a t

i n p r o d u s u l v e g e t a l u s c a t

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R

O

O

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R

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c u m a r i n a u m b e l i f e r o n a s c o p o l e t i n a

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HHO C H

m e l i l o t i n a

HOO HH

4 3

es lategev iulusudorp a eraot\znupserocen aeracsu nirP uc supmoc ,loramucid i[ ienipracidem lupit ed inapracoretp \zaemrof csespil luloramucid i[ tâc ,anipracidem tâtA .etnalugaocitna i]\teirporp .)91 ,01 ,9 ,8( rot\z nupseroc tac su l a tegev lu sudorp nid 551



cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .6 e m o t p m i s e d e i r e s o \ z a e r o i l e m a abreh itoli leM n i d e l e t c a r t x E ai]aznes ,aererud tnus muc ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni ecitsiretcarac eS .lumede i[ lutirurp ,enrutcon elepmarc ,”elerg eraoicip“ ed ac i[ ecinorc esaonev ie]neic ifusni lutnema tart n` \z aertsinimda .citafmil mede ,citobmort-tsop mordnis ,\tibelfobmort n` tnavujda ela uc elibarapmoc esaotamedeitna i]\teirporp era aniramuC cserc abreh itolileM nid eletcartxe i[ aniramuC .cimanefulf iuludica \saonev aerecraotn` cse]\t\nubm` ,ecitafmil i[ eniugnas rolesav lusunot .\citafm il acitenic i[ etse \sn` dipar e b r aosba es aniramuc \laro e r artsinimda aL – 2 iamuN .citapeh jasap lumirp al \tacidir ei]roporp n` \tazilobatem .\cimetsis ai]alucric n` et[es\ger es \tartsinimda azod nid %6 aniramuc-ixordih-7 tnus ieniramuc ia i]ilobatem iilapicnirP \tartsinimda azod nid %09 .xorpA .u\s ludinoruculg i[ )anorefilebmu( .ieniramuc-ixordih-7 la dinoruculg ed \mrof bus \niru nirp \nimile es ,\vitca a]natsbus etse aniramuc-ixordih-7 \c enupuserp es ,leftla eD .)31 ,4( gurdorp nu raod dniif aniramuc itolileM nid roletcartxe a]neicife tai]nedive ua ecinilc iidutS .)31( ) VIXX .bat( cita fmil me de i[ \saon e v \] neicifus ni n` abreh ii]cnufsid n` abreh itolileM nid roletcartxe eletcefE .VIXX .baT )31( ecinilc iiduts – ecitafmil i[ esaonev etcefE : aerecuder iulumede rolepmarc enrutcon ed iei]aznes ”elerg eraoicip“ noriM acnA

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tcartxE tcartxe : taraperP abreh itolileM nid al tazidradnats( )\niramuc %50,0 \dizotur i[ nid tcartxE uc abreh itolileM \niramuc %02 nid tacsu tcartxE abreh itolileM

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .3 .6 ,erata ac lategev lus udorp ,ecitafmil i[ esaon ev elii]cnufsid n~ n` nr etni tâta \zaertsinim da es atsec a nid etuni ]bo etcartxe i[ mucerp .)31( nr etxe i[ tâc ,i z/\n iramuc g m 03 – 3 a l eraot\znu pseroc \zod \taraperp eizufni ed \mrof bus azilitu etaop es abreh itolileM a l \ pa ed \ nac o i[ t a zirev lup lat egev sudo r p e]i rugnil 2 – 1 nid 2 ed eizufni \nac o \dnamocer eS .\zaertlif es etunim 01 \pud ;erebreif .\saon ev \]neicif usni ed erao [u elemrof n ` iz/iro 3 – .emsalpatac ed \mrof bus lacol acilpa etaop es lategev lusudorP ed \lage etatitnac o uc \ zaet c emu es lategev lu sudorp , atsaeca urtneP .\ tatcefa an oz ep \cilpa e s iopa i[ \csaec\r es \s \sal es , erebreif al \pa e t a r a p e r p r o n u a ] n e n o p m o c n ` \ r t n i a b r e h itolileM nid etcartxE ®LIZNEMELC :ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni lutnematart n` etazilitu ®LONEVOCSAP ,N-/ETROF ®NISRAVIDEM ,®TOLANEV ,TS . )71 ,31 ,4( OVON 751



esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .6 tsof ua un abreh itolileM nid roletaraperp aerartsinimda aL .ereves esrevda etcefe etalanmes eletcefe eze]netop \s top abreh itolileM nid eletcartxE aerartsinimda \dnamocer es un ,vitom tseca nid ,i[ roletnalugaocitna e tse ,aenemesa eD .\n irafraw i[ \niripsa uc tnetim ocnoc arotseca roli]neicap abreh itolileM nid roletcartxe aerartsinimda \tacidniartnoc .)31 ( e citapeh i i]cnufsid uc

amozihr itaeluca icsuR .4 .6 i a i n i c \ d \ r e d i ] i ]o sn ` i i m o z i r \ t n i z e r p e r ailimaf nid .L sutaeluca sucsuR ieiceps ed elirimuned bus \tucsonuc eaecailiL .\saonips \redei uas epmihg uc tsubrabus nu etse elepmihG ed \mrof n` etac ifimar eneir e a iniplut etnec serivrepmes i idalcol if \tnizerP .\fut tnu s erac ep trucs nips nu -rtn` etauneta iet c arb n` etamro f snart elez nurf esupsid tnus eletcurF .elirolf i[ esaonarbmem .)8 ,7 ,6 ( ei[or e r aoluc ed ecab

.L sutaeluca sucsuR

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .4 .6 ed etavired ecilorets eninopas eni]noc amozihr itaeluca icsuR ,\nicsuroculged ,\dizocsur ,\nicsur( lonegocsuroen i[ lonegocsur ,elitalov enepretonom ,enonihcartna ,edionovalf ,)\dizocsuroculged . )0 1 , 9 , 8 ( \ c i n a r u f o z n e b \ r u t c u r t s u c i [ u p m o c noriM acnA

851

ecinorc esaonev ieţneicifusni aiparetotiF O R O

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cigolocamraf liforP .2 .4 .6 ed eires o \zaeroilema amozihr itaeluca icsuR nid eletcartxE ed ei]aznes ,ererud( \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni nid emotpmis ,tirurp( eladioromeh elinui]cefa i[ )tirurp ,mede ,”elerg eraoicip“ xelpmoc cigolocamraf liforp nu ua ecilorets eleninopaS .)emirutsu : oviv ni i[ ortiv ni iiduts esaoremun ed tidevod -α rolirotpecer aeravitca nirp \saonev ei]cirtsnoc cudorp ,icigrenerda nirp rolemede aeramrof i[ \ralucsav aetatilibaemrep cuder nid i inacilgoetor p \zaednics erac \miz ne ,iez atsale aerabihni ;ralucsav luiletodne 951



rolelulec ie]narelot aeret[erc nirp rotcetorposav \zaenoi]ca ela evicon ele]nicesnoc cuder ,tpaf ed ; eixopih al elailetodne iululevin aered\cs( ralusit i[ ralulec levin al ieixopih e d a erarebile uc 2A iezapilo fsof aeravit ca ,P T A ed ralulecartni elelulec ed rolelifortuen aerareda ,irotamalfniorp irotaidem ; )elailetodne ai] alucric \zae vitca i[ eci tafmil rol esav aetati cinot cserc .\citafmil a]neicifusni n` amozihr itaeluca icsuR nid eletcartxe a]neicifE n i r p i [ \ t a m r i f n o c t s o f a e l a d io r o m e h e l i n u i ] c e f a i [ \ c i n o r c \ s a o n e v .)31( ec inilc iiduts

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .4 .6 ronu a]nenopmoc n` \rtni amozihr itaeluca icsuR nid etcartxE ,ONOM ®ESAIBONEV ,NEVOCSUR( nretni zu ed etaraperp ,LEG NEVOCSUR( nretxe i[ )®LIRDOBELHP ,ESAIBONEV lutnematart n` etazilitu )N ®LIRDOBELHP ,®LATCEROCSUR .ecitafmilonev rolii]cnufsid icsuR nid roletcartxe a \nretni aerartsinimda \dnamocer eS iz/ilonegocsur gm 11 – 7 al eraot\znupseroc ezod n` amozihr itaeluca .)71 ,31(

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .4 .6 .ecitilomeh tnus amozihr itaeluca icsuR nid ecilorets eleninopaS roledizonopas azilordih nirp eret[an uai erac ,)ilonegocsur( iinocilgA n~ .ecitilomeh i]\teirporp ua un ,lanitsetniortsag iulutcart lulevin al etadizocilg rolemrof \raoirepus etalibinopsidoib o ua iilonegocsur ,sulp e raoirepu s elet nemges n ` b rosba es ,il ibulosopil dniiF .erao t\znupseroc .lumred i[ lumredipe \]niru[u uc \zaertenep i[ eri]bus iulunitsetni ela icsuR nid eletcartxe ,\cituecamraf airtsudni n` ,evitom etseca niD nirp \libalaerp erarculerp o \pud iamun etazilitu tnus amozihr itaeluca .)8 ,7( ilonegocsur al etatilatot n` etazilordih tsof ua eledizonopas erac noriM acnA

061


xetroc sidilemamaH .5 .6 muilof sidilemamaH elez n urf ,vitcepser i[ ele]r a ocs \tnizerper -igriv silemamaH aiceps al ed etatlocer .eaecadilemamaH ailimaf nid .L anain lutse nid \ranigi r o ,atnalP uc tsubra nu etse ,droN ed iiciremA i[ \zab al ecirtemisa ,elavo ,etal eznurf . )9 ,8( \nebl a g eraoluc ed ,icim irolf

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .5 .6 -raocs la tneu titsnoc lulapicnirP cetse ma nu ,lunin atilem a mah etse role] .\zolemamah-liolag-O-id-5,’2-β i[ -α ed

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,)iremogilo ,iremid( ilodinaicotnaorp ni]noc iam ele]raocS ed t alag ,\nihetacipe ed talag ,\nihetacolag ,\nihe tac( ilo-3-navalf 161



,\zoculg-liolagatnep ,\zolemamah-liolag-O-irt i[ -id ,)\nihetacolagipe . lital ov ielu i[ cilag dica i]\titnac n` \sn` ,ninatilemamah ,aenemesa ed ,ni]noc eleznurF .)91 ,01 ,9 ,8( ecinovalf edizocilg i[ litalov ielu ,ilodinaicotnaorp ,esuder

cigolocamraf liforP .2 .5 .6 n ` n r e t x e \ z a e r t s i n i m d a e s xetroc sidil e m amaH n i d e l e t c a r t x E n` ,\zaeroilemA .socirav iulumordnis la citamotpmis lutnematart \t a r otad etse a]neicifE .”e lerg eraoicip“ ed ai]az n es i[ aererud ,laiceps erac rolilodinaicotnaorp ,sela iam ,i[ icilonefilop roli[upmoc : nirp ro ta malfniit na \zaenoi]ca tce f e

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ron u

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eravitca ed lurotcaf ,)4BTL( 4B aneirtocuel : rotamalfniorp ; )FA P( \ratehcalp evitcaer iiceps elenu ed esudorp eralulec rolinuizel aerecuder ,lixo rdih lulacid ar ,d ixorepu s noina lu lac idar( iul unegixo ela .)telgnis lunegixo ,laro tâta ,\zaertsinimda es muilof sidilemamaH nid eletcartxE la i[ ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni lutnematart n` lacol i[ tâc nid ecinovalf eledizocilg i[ iilodinaicotnaorP .eladioromeh rolinui]cefa ac ,i[ ralucsav iuleter e p a]netsizer cserc ro letca r txe a]nenopmoc ed ai]irapa uc ralucsav e l e terep ni r p iemsalp ae r adusxe c uder ,eramru .)91 ,31 ,01 ,8( emede

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .5 .6 t c o c e d e d \ m r o f b u s \ z a e r t s i n i m d a e s xetroc sid ilemamaH e d \mrof bus i[ \pa lm 052 al lateg ev sudorp g 01 – 5 n id taraperp N ®NIROCSEA( ereicosa ed etaraperp n` etanoi]idnoc etcartxe .)®NALURTONEV ,EBLAS noriM acnA

261


; eizufni ed \mrof bus \zaertsinimda es muilof sidilemamaH 051 \guada es erac etsep lategev sudorp g 3 – 2 nid \raperp es atsaeca 2 cinliz \dnamocer eS .etunim 01 \pud \zaertlif es ; erebreif al \pa lm .esem ertn` \taraperp t\psaorp eizufni ed in\c 3 – rotlum a]nenopmoc n` \rtni muilof sidilemamaH nid eletcartxE ,7 P NEVEWEH ,OVON ®LONEVOCSAP( nretni zu ed etaraperp )®PRETIRAV ,NEDATUC( nretxe i[ )0,1 EMERC ®NASUCSEA .)71 ,31 ,8( esaonev rolii]cnufsid lutnematart n` etneicife

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .5 .6 a \nretxe aerartsinimda al esrevda ii]caer etalanmes tsof ua uN .xetroc sidilemamaH nid roletaraperp -emamaH nid role ta raperp a \tagnuledn` \nretni ae r artsinimdA eratcefa i[ \cirtsag eratiri ed enemonef animreted etaop muilof sidil . )91 ,31 ,01 ,8( \citapeh

nî etneicife elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .6 .6 esaonev rolinuițcefa lutnematart nid i]iutitsnoc iremilop i[ iremogilo tnus iilodinaicotnaorP \nihetacolag ,\nihetacipe i[ \nihetac( loid –4 ,3 – navalf pit ed i]\tinu cselibats es erac ertn` )\nihcelezfaipe i[ \nihcelezfa ,\nihetacolagipe i[ aeragel nirP .7-C → O → 2-C uas 6-C → 4-C ,8-C → 4-C irut\gel irutcurts eret[an uai loid – 4 ,3 – navalf pit ed roli]\tinu a \viseccus al \nâp( eremilop i[ )eciloid – 4 ,3 – navalf i]\tinu 01 – 2( eremogilo .)22,12 ,02 ,01( )eciloid – 4 ,3 – navalf i]\tinu 05 ,erem( etcurf n` iram i]\titnac n` cses\g es iilodinaicotnaorP .iaec i[ niv ,\talocoic ,)irugurts ,erep i]\teirporp ua ,eremogilo elirutcurts laiceps n` ,iilodinaicotnaorP .elarivitna i[ eraotamalfniitna ,elaromutitna ,enegatumitna ,etnadixoitna 361



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461


uc roletaraperp a]neicife tai]nedive ua etnecer ecinilc iidutS \saonev \]neicifusni uc ii]neicap al icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo .)32 ,02( )VXX .bat( \cinorc n` icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo uc roletcartxe eletcefE .VXX .baT )32 ,02( ecinilc iiduts - ecitafmil i[ esaonev ii]cnufsid uc tcartxE iremogilo -otnaorp icilodinaic

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uas gm 05 uc etnetsizerortsag etamlif etamirpmoc - )porhtniW ifonaS( ®NOLETODNE * iremogilo n` tazidradnats irugurts ed e]nimes nid tacifirup tcartxe gm 051 icilodinaicotnaorp etse i[ \zetnisimes nirp eni]bo es iz\tsa erac rolecirtic lupracirep nid \dizonovalf ** \nimreted ; gm 005 ®NOLFAD ,®XELARTED ,NIMSOID eletaraperp n` \tanoi]idnoc ,mede( \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni nid emotpmis ronu a \latot uas \lai]rap eiserger o .)”elerg eraoicip“ ed ai]aznes ,enrutcon epmarc ,ererud

iam lec ,icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo uc eletaraperp ertniD suniP ed a]raocs nid talozi tcartxe - ®LONEGONCYP tsof a taiduts izica i[ edionovalf ,ilodinaicotnaorp eni]noc erac ).lliM( amitiram .icilonef ed \zod n` tartsinimda ,®LONEGONCYP ,ecinilc eliiduts n~ ed ai]aznes i[ aererud ,lumede suder a ,inul \uod ed pmit iz/3 x gm 001 a L . \ c i n o r c \ s a o n e v \ ]n e i c i f u s n i u c i i ] n e i c a p i ] o t a l ” e l e r g e r a o i c i p “ noriM acnA

661


i[ rolemede a \latot eiserger o tartsigern` a-s i]neicap ertnid %06 .xorpa e r a o i c i p “ e d a i ] a z n e s ; e r a o i r e fn i r o l e r b m e m l u l e v i n a l e d r o l i r e r u d .)2 2( i]atart ii] ne icap ertn id %33 al t e lpm oc tur\ psid a ”elerg

n` \cinorc \saonev a]neicifusni nid emotpmis ronu aisergeR .81 .giF )inul 2 ed pmit iz/iro 3 ed gm 001( ®LONEGONCYP uc lutnematart )22( )00 02 ,ileg nacrA \pud( ®LONEGONCYP \cinorc \saonev \]neicifusni uc ii]neicap aL .®NIS AT SON E V tâced tnei c ife iam if a tidevod a-s a]nedicni i[ elemede vitacifinmes suder a ®LONEGONCYP elerg eraoicip“ ed ei]aznes ,eralucsum epmarc ,ererud( emotpmis ronu ecires elirolav tuz\cs a ,sulp n` ;)eri[orn` ,enrutcon emede ,”etisobo i[ .lu-LDH atcefa a \r\f iulu-LDL i[ iululoretseloc ela tsof a ®NISATSONEV iulutaraperp a \saotamedeitna aenui]cA elirolav ta]neulfni a un ®NISATSONEV ,sulp n~ .\taredom iam .)32( )91 .gif( ecires roledipil 761



®LONEGONCYP uc lutnematart n` rolemede aisergeR .91 .giF )32( )2002 ,hcoK \pud( )iz/gm 006( ®NISATSONEV i[ )iz/gm 063( ed ti refid telpmoc cigolo c amraf liforp nu era ® LONE GONCYP \bihni anicse ec pmit n` ,leftsA .®NISATSONEV nid ienicse la lec ,sonev eleterep n` α2FGP ed azetnis \zaelumits ,azadinorulaih ,azatsale ®LONEGONCYP ,+2aC al elailetodne rolelulec aetatilibisnes et[erc ,ecietorp irutcurts etimuna ed aeragel nirp ,lapicnirp n` ,\zaenoi]ca lulevin al ON ed iezetnis aeralumits i[ vitadixo iuluserts aerecuder .sonev iuluiletodne ralucsav iuleterep a]netsizer et[erc ®LONEGONCYP ela etarugif eletnemele i[ \msalp urtnep aetatilibaemrep i-udnâcuder ed \]af etatinifa ua ®LONEGONCYP ela etnenopmoc elenU .iulegnâs i[ anihetac ,leftsA .sonev luiletodne nid ecietorp irutcurts etimuna anitsale ,vitcepser i[ lunegaloc ed \gael es icilodinaicotnaorp iiremogilo ii[celpmoc ,\nitsale i[ negaloc ed eribesoed erpS .ralucsav eleterep nid noriM acnA

861


i]netsizer tnus icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo-\nitsale i[ \nihetac-negaloc ®LONEGONCYP .iezatsale ,vitcepser i[ iezanegaloc aenui]ca al adizoturliteixordih tâced tneicife iam ralucsav eleterep leftsa ”et[er\tn`“ i]azilitu tnevcerf \zetnisimes ed i[upmoc ,iedizodirepseh anoclaclitem i[ .ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni lutnematart n` etativi tca o-rtnir p \zaezire tcarac es iiro tamalfni elesecorP e d iirotcaf e gurtsid a u rtnep ,er ac eraticogaf r oleticocu el a \tucserc .iulunegixo ela evitcaer iiceps cudorp ,enuiserga levin al ereves ir \ cifidom cudn i iulunegi xo e la evit c aer eliicepS lu -N DA ,ele diculg ,iizic a onima , elenietorp \za edixo ec eraoed ralulec nid tseca ,ecigoloib elen a rbmem nid etarutasen e ledipil \zaedixorep i[ .eranarbmem ii]\tilibaemrep aeraretla nirp es-udnâcudart tcefe \mru ,eranarbmem eledipil nid i]arutasen i[arg rolizica aeradixorep nirP i[ \lailetodne aetatilibaemrep cserc iulunegixo ela evitcaer eliiceps .roleme de ai]ira pa \zaezirovaf top iulunegixo ela evitcaer eliiceps ,etcefe etseca ed \rafa n~ iulurotcaf aeravitca nirp rotamalfni lusecorp acifilpma uas/i[ a[nalced tpe rd era Bk-FN aerav itcA .)Bk-FN( Bk e i]pir csnart ed raelcun :e r a otamalfn iorp enikot ic ed iei]cudorp aeret[e rc \]nicesnoc . )afla-FN T( \laromut \zorcen e d afla lurotca f , )2-LI( 2- anikuelretni ed elelucelom urtnep roleneg ai]pircsnart i[ \zaelger Bk-FN 1 - \ r a l u l e c r e t n i e n u i z e d a e d a l u c e lo m , a n i t c e l e s - E : \ r a t i c o c u e l e n u i z e d a ; ) 1 - M A CV ( 1 - \ r a l u c s a v \ r a l u l e c e n u i z e d a e d a l u c e l o m , ) 1 - M A C I ( ed i [ uile todne al roleti c ocuel aerareda ed erao t\znup s\r tn us aetseca i[ e leticolun arG .tamalf ni lutus e ] n` elifortu en ion ed aeraturcer lunemul latot uas lai]rap \zaerutbo uiletodne ed \reda erac eleticonom en ikot ic ,)FA P( \ratehca lp eravitca ed lurotca f \zaerebi le ,ralucsav .ecitiloetorp emizne i[ eraotamalfniorp n` tnatropmi lor nu \caoj iulunegixo ela evitcaer eliicepS ®LONEGONCYP .ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni azenegotap 961



evitcaer iiceps esaoremun ed \]af )regnevacs( rotatpac nu ac \zaenoi]ca ac ,i[ )telgnis lunegixo ,dixorepus noina lulacidar( iulunegixo ela .vitadixo luserts uc etaicosa iirotamalfni elesecorp ecuder ,eramru elelulec n` dixonom ed azetnis \zaelumits ®LONEGONCYP eD .iralucs av roli]erep aeraxal e r \nimreted ec aeec elailetodne ii r\gerga a erabihni ni rp \saon ev azobmo r t eniverp ,aenemesa .)32 ,22 ( cires iu luloretseloc aerecuder i[ eratehcalp i[ \rugis \vitanretla o \tnizerper ®LONEGONCYP .ecinorc esaonev ie]neicifusni la cisalc lutnematart al \tneicife

: EIFARGOILBIB nosirraH :nI .roli]\timertxe ela eralucsav iloB .JV uazD ,AM regaerC .2551-2451 ,aroeT 1002 © thgirypoC .enretni ienicidem eliipicnirP lanoitaR :nI .metsys ralucsavoidraC .EV relyT ,R lesnäH ,V zluhcS .861-701 ,1002 ,galreV-regnirpS :grebledieH ,nilreB .yparehtotyhP bus( \nretni \nicideM :nI .rolenev eliloB .A ui[eilI ,V uvrâP ,L misarehG .2231-1721 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L misarehG ai]cader .enicideM labreH :nI .esaesid ralucsavoidraC .V nnamletniF ,FR ssieW .281-731 ,0002 ,galreV emeihT groeG :kroY weN ,tragttutS .1002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .lacidem ranoi]ciD .V usuR \lacideM .dE :acopaN-julC .)III .lov( \cituecamraf \cinatoB .M [am\T .9991 ,”unagei]aH uiluI“ \ratisrevinU .ilarutan icinepret i[upmoc - eizongocamraF :nI .ediorets ,edionepretirT .I aginO .101-54 ,7002 ,”unagei]aH uiluI“ \ratisrevinU \lacideM .dE :acopaN-julC al A al ed elanicidem etnalP .C eiaosotorpA ,M unaicn\H ,A noriM ,U ucsen\tS .4002 ,”apoP .T .rG“ .dE : i[aI .citueparet seretni ed rolesudorp ela iifargonom ;Z ,elanicidem etnalP :nI .edizonopaS .U ucsen\tS ,E ucserogirG ,I ieluiC .586-036 ,I .lov ,3991 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .eiparetotif i[ eimihcotif :revodnA .stnalp lanicideM ,yrtsimehcotyhP ,ysongocamrahP .J notenurB .5991 ,dtL tpecretnI .eliforp cituepareht dna scitenikocamrahp ,ygolocamrahp :nicseA .RC irotriS .391-381 :)3( 44 ;1002 hcraeseR lacigolocamrahP noriM acnA

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evizulco elairetra iilob iş iezorelcsoreta aiparetotiF

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271


,)loretseloc ed iretse ,loretseloc( ecidipil inuizulcni n` tagob tuni]noc .)sllec maof( esaomups elulec ed citsiretcarac tcepsa nu \t\pac tsecA .iemitni lulevin al tnenamrep etaturcer tnus eleticonoM a \ralulec enuizeda ed e lucelom ed iilimaf iert ed taidem etse secorp enirgetni ,enitceles : tadixo-LDL ed \sudni etse \c erap es \zetnis ror\c etrap caf erac nid rolenilubolgonumi a enuizeda ed elucelom i[ ed elucelom i[ )2- i[ 1-MACI( eralulecretni enuizeda ed elucelom luiletodne nirp roleticonom aerargiM .)1-MACV( eralucsav enuizeda -omehc anietorp( enikomehc ronu aenui]ca bus \zaezilaer es lairetra nid etavired editpep ,tadixo-LDL ,)1-PCM \raticonom \tnatcarta .cires iulutnem e lpm oc a a5C atnenopm o c ,\nitsa le i[ negaloc lulevin al enietorpopil ed aeralumuca – esecorp etseca etaoT e d a e r a m r o f i [ r o l e t i co n o m a e r a t u r c e r , a r o t s e c a a e r a d i x o i [ i e m i t n i .)skaerts yttaf( ecidipil iruirts ed ai]irapa al cudnoc – esaomups elulec lulevin al edeten eralucsum rolelulec ii r\refilorp a eramru aC ,)eroc dipil( eralulecartxe ecidipil enoz ienu iir\tlovzed a i[ iemitni n~ .)emaoretaorbif( esaorbif rolic\lp eret[an uad ecidipil eliruirts – lairetra iuleter e p ela ir ut arts i ert elec etaot e rutam esao r bif elic\lp ir\mrofsnart \refus – aititnevda acinut i[ aidem acinut ,amitni acinut muc esecorp ronu a eramru ac \[aorgn` es amitni acinuT .ecigolotap aeralumuca i[ edeten eralucsum rolelulec aerarefilorp ,azorbif tnus ed iiredreip \tirotad \zai]bus es aidem acinuT .edipil ed \ralulecartxe , \ z o r b i f e d \ t a t c e f a e t s e ai titnevda a c i n u t r a i , \ d e t e n \ r a l u c s u m \ s a m .)2( eraz iralucsavoen i[ \raticofm il erartlifni nu uc moreta ed ic\lp i enu ai]areclu u as arutpu r ,arusif nirP .\tacilpmoc moreta ed acalp \zaemrof es edipil ed tucserc tuni]noc \zobmort ed secorp nu \zai]ini moreta ed iic\lp arutpur ,arusiF lunegaloc ed eniugnas roletehcalp aerareda ed tanimreted -obmort etnemgarf amrof top es iic\lp arutpur nirP .lailetodnebus iilobmeorcim ,larberec levin aL .ilobmeorcim etimuned esaotamoreta 371



\nairanoroc ai]alucric n` i[nujA .iirotiznart ecimehcsi irucata \nimreted ecudnoc ,iro etlum ed ,erac \cidracoim eimehcsi cudorp iilobmeorcim .)2 ,1( cai dr a c pots n irp eseced al azenegotap n` tnatropmi lor nu \caoj ecitorelcsoreta elinuizeL larberec cimehcsi iulucata ,cidracoim iulutcrafni ,elarotcep ienigna .ecirefirep elairetra iilob ,uirotiznart i[ i]acilpmi tnus ecitorelcsoreta rolinuizel ai]ulove i[ ai]irapa n~ : tnus i]natropmi iam erac ertnid csir ed iirotcaf i[oremun ,lutamuf ,)eimedirecilgirtrepih ,eimeloretselocrepih( eliimedipilsid ai]atnemila ,aetatizebo ,tarahaz lutebaid ,\lairetra aenuisnetrepih .)3 ,1( lumsiratnedes ,\lamina enigiro ed imis\rg n` \tagob sela iam etazilitu tnus iezorelcsoreta lutnematart i[ aixaliforp n~ earanyC i[ sublub ivitas iillA nid etcartxe \zaenoi]idnoc erac etaraperp .muilof ,\tnaretilbo aitapoiretra( \cirefirep \lairetra alaoB iulunemul aeratsugn` nirp \zaeziretcarac es )\cirefirep aitapoiretra iam elec ;ecirefirep eleretra n` niugnas iuluxulf aerecuder i[ ralucsav .eraoir e fni rolerbm e m eleretra tnus etatcefa aerenuped etse ecirefirep elairetra iilob a \zuac alapicnirP lulevin al sela iam ,iidem i[ iram eleretra n` ecitorelcsoreta rolic\lp lulevin al ed roletizoped aeret[erC .\lairetra eracifimar ed rolenoz ,er amru aC .lairetra lun e mul visergorp ecuder ecito r elcsoreta rolic\lp enemonef rapa i[ edacs eraoirefni elerbmem \giri erac niugnas luxulf elairetra iilob ainegotap n` i]acilpmi irotcaf i]lA .\lacol eimehcsi ed elesecorp ,vitadixo luserts ,\lailetodne ai]cnufsid tnus ecirefirep . iirotamalfni nirp raticifed ciref irep lairetra iuluxulf \z aetpada es l umsinagrO a \ vise rgorp aeratalid( \la iretra er aledomer :emu na i[ ,em sinacem \uod esav ed ele]er ienu ai]irapa( azenegoigna i[ )sot\n\s lairetra iuleterep .)elaretaloc noriM acnA

471


ai]acidualc etse ecirefirep elairetra iilob cificeps lumotpmiS er a c \ra lucsum \pmarc o ,tpaf ed ,etse atsaeca ;\tneti mretni )aererud( ac erapa aereruD .suaper n` erapsid i[ cizif iulutrofe lupmit n` erapa la ralucsum iulutuse] lulevin al ed negixo ed iuluticifed a eramru i[ suaper n` \t sisrep ae r erud er eves e lemrof n~ .erao irefni rolerbmem .etatcefa ienoz lulevin al \laec\r ed ei]aznes i[ iizetserap ed \ti]osn` etse al \nâp lutneicap egrucrap o erac ep a]natsid – ei]acidualc ed elecidnI aeraulave urtnep tazilitu tnevcerf uiretirc nu etse – iirerud ai]irapa etla ed i[ \ti]osn` etse \tnetimretni ai]acidualC .iilob ii]\tireves aerarusif i[ aera[orgn`( etanatuc ecifort ir\rublut tnus muc emotpmis lulevin al ii[or i[ icim etep ed ai]irapa ,ii]\tizolip aerecuder ,roliihgnu .)7-4( ecimehcsi ereclu ,rolebmag ela emede ,eralucsum iiforta ,)iileip elairetra iilob ela ii dats 4 \tsixe enia tno F – ehcireL \puD : r ol e motpm is aetatireves e d ei]cnu f n` ecirefirep ;eimehcsi ed rolemotpmis a]nesba – I luidats \ tnetimretni ei] a cidualc uc trofe ed eimehcsi – II luidats – bII ; srem ed m 00 2 ets e p al ei] a cidualc – a I I luidats( ; )srem ed m 002 ed ni] up iam al ei]acidualc ; tibuc ed n` irerud uc suaper e d ei mehcsi – III luidats i[ tibuced n` irerud uc suaper ed e imehcsi – VI luidats . e tan atuc eci f ort ir\rublut : e n upuserp ecirefirep ela iret ra iilob lutnematarT ; srem ed ii]icrexe sela i am ,cizif tnemanertna ,\lairetra enuisnetrepih ,tamuf( csir ed rolirotcaf aerecuder ; )eimeloretse lo crepih ,ei mecilgrepih -ehcalp etnagerg aitna ,eraotatalidosav( cigol ocamraf tnematart .)erat eraziralucsaver ed eleedecorp iamun e rac n` ii]autis \tsixE al aob n` aigol otamotpmi s aroilema top )elacig r urihc i[ el acigrurihcen( . ) 7 ,6( \cir efirep \lairetra eletaraperp etneicife tnus ecirefirep elairetra iilob lutnematart n~ .muilof eabolib ogkniG nid etcartxe \zaenoi]idnoc erac 571



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n` csir ed irotcaf ronu arpusa iuluiorutsu a]neulfnI \zorelcsoreta .\zorelcsoreta n` rojam csir ed rotcaf nu etse aimedipilrepiH , n e o j a ( a r o t s e c a i a i ] a r u f lu s i ] n e u t i t s n o c i i n u i [ i o r u t s u e d e l e t c a r t x E cuder )aniitid-3,1-H4-liniv-2 ,lilaid ed aruflusid ,\nicila ,neojalitem t a rotad etse l utcefE .% 07 -02 e d ei]r oporp n` lorets eloc ed azetnis -A oC-GM H( iezatcuder- AoC -liratulg litemixord ih ii]\ti vitca iir\bihni levin al iululoretseloc azetnisoib n` \tacilpmi \mizne ,)azatcuder .\vitca iam aec etse anicila ,i]aruflus ii]avired ertniD .citapeh aenuisnetrepih etse \zorelcsoreta n` rojam csir ed rotcaf tla nU cudorp luneoja i[ anicila ,iorutsu ed sopa lutcartxE .\lairetra ae n ui]ca bu S .\lairetra aenuisn e t dacs ,eram ru ac ,i[ e i]atalidosav es ,ralucsav eleterep nid e deten e r alucsum rolelu lec lulevin al ,arotseca ec aeec \zaeziraloprepih es \ralulec anarbmem ,+K ed elelanac dihcsed ,ralulecartni +2aC aerecudeR .+2aC ed iuluxulfni a ered\cs o \nimreted a eraxaler o al ecudnoc ,litcartnoc iulusecorp libasnepsidni .eralu c sav edeten ii rutalucsum noriM acnA

671


i[ \reves iam etse azorelcsoreta tarahaz tebaid uc ii]neicap aL etalizocilg tnus ecietorpopil elinui]carf icitebaid aL .\tazilareneg iam .aetatin egoreta libare d isnoc e t[erc el ec aeec tnus iuluiorutsu a \tnaimecilgopih aenui]ca dnivirp eletaD \c lutpaf tai]nedive a tnecer cinilc uiduts nU .etasrevortnoc ed mertxe ;\telbat/iorutsu ed ereblup gm 003 ,etelbat( ®IAWK lutaraperp , a i mecilg vitacifinmes edacs )ainamreG ,Hb mG a mrahP rewthciL 8 \pud aimecilg \zae]neulfni un rad cietorpopil luliforp \zaeroilema .tnednep e d-on ilusnin on tebaid uc ii] neicap al tsop ed ero \ratehcalp aetatilibagergarepih \c lutpaf tucsonuc enib etsE azenegotap n` tnatropmi lor nu \caoj \raticifed azilonirbif i[ \zaemrof es esaoutcefed ezilonirbif ienu elii]idnoc n~ .iezorelcsoreta ivizulco i[ubmort ed ai]irapa al cudnoc erac \nirbif ed etizoped .)\zobmortoreta( aeragerga \bihni luneoja i[ anicila ,iorutsu ed eletcartxE XT( 2A naxobmort ed iir\mrof aerecuder nirp ,lapicnirp n` ,\ratehcalp aeracifidom i[ \negoxe \]neinevorp ed cinodihara ludica nid )2A .eratehcalp ecitamsalp ienarbmem ela ecimihc-ocizif roli]\teirporp epaorpa \bihni ,gk/gm 051-001 ed \zod n` tartsinimda ,t\psaorp luiorutsU .erartsinimda al ed ero 2-1 ed sruced n` \ratehcalp aeragerga telpmoc \nirbif ed elirenuped cuder iorutsu ed eletcartxe ,aenemesa eD a e ret[erc i[ eD .ecitamsa lp ecitilon irbif ii]\tivi tca aeraci f isnetni nirp .l oc i[ gnoS ,flus uc ro li[u pmoc \tiubirta etse ecitilon irbif ii]\tivitca e c inretup uc )cinitif ludi ca libisop( \]natsbus o talozi ua )4 .tic( )3691( a l e r a o t i r e f e r e t a d \ t s i x e u N . e t n a lu g a o c i t n a i [ e c i t i l o n i r b i f e t c e f e .e]natsbus ietseca a \tcaxe aetatitnedi \zorelcsoreta n` csir ed rolirotcaf arpusa iuluiorutsu a]neulfnI gral lurtcepS .\zetnis ed roletnemacidem a aec a tâced \suder iam etse e r a r t s i n i m d a a l a ] n a ru g i s i [ m u c e r p , i u l u i o r u t s u l a e n u i ] c a e d ta jilgen ed coled ejatnava tnus tnemila ac as a e razilitu ed \tamrifnoc .)8( \zetnis ed ai]acidem ed \]af 771



iuluiorutsu la negoretaitna lutcefE iei ]irapa a erineve rp ed ,iul uiorutsu la n eg oretaitna lulai]netoP exelpmoc i[ elpitlum emsinacem \zab al era ,ecitorelcsoreta rolinuizel : tnus etn at r opmi i a m erac ertnid ; lo retseloc ed c ir e s iulul e vin aerecuder ; ecitamsalp ecitilonirbif ii]\tivitca aeret[erc ,sela iam( negaloc ed iir\lumuca i[ iezetnis aeraunimid aerecuder uc ietroa lulevin al )VI i[ I pit ed lunegaloc tamrifnoc tsof a tcefe tsecA .iemitni iimisorg a \vitacifinmes tsof ua ecitorelcsoreta elir\tsefinam erac n` oviv ni iiduts ed n` \tagob \teid o-rtni rp i[ ecinacem inuize l nirp esudni .)8( )02 .gif( loretseloc

elamitni ieizalprepih arpusa iorutsu ed iireblup lutcefE .02 .giF loretseloc n` \tagob \teid i[ ecinacem inuizel nirp esudni )8( )7991 ,dlawnürG i[ vohkerO \pud( )oviv ni uiduts( -etra eleterep nid elelulec n` edipil ed iir\lumuca aerineverp etiutitsnoc tnus e r alulecartni ecidipil ir\l umuca etsecA .lair LD L , t a d i x o L D L ( c i m i h c e t a c i f i d o m L D L i n u i ] c a r f n i d noriM acnA

871


aeralumucA .)icitebaid al – talizocilg LDL ,talilaised \]ni c esnoc tpe rd era tac ifidom L DL ed \ralulecartni iecirt a m roletn enop moc azetnis( i ezo rbif a eracifisnetni \cideipm` luiorutsU .eralulec iir\refilorp a i[ )eralulecartxe i[ cimihc etacifidom LDL elinui]carf ertnid aenui]caretni .lair e t ra eleterep nid elelulec a l i i ] \ t i l i b i t p e c su s a e r e d \ c s n i r p L D L i i ] \ t i n e g o r e t a a e r e c u d e r ed eletcartxE .cilais dica n` iulutuni]noc aeret[erc i[ eradixo i ] \ t e i r p o r p u a a ro t s e c a i a i ] n e u t i t s n o c i i n u i [ m u c e r p , i o r u t s u ela evitcaer iiceps ed eires o \zaezilartuen :etnadixoitna . LD L aeradi xo niverp , e ram ru ac ,i[ iulunegixo -ON aeralumits nirp ON ed ecigoloizif rolelevin aeret[erc azatetnis-ON ed sudorp ON .e vitut itsnoc iezatetnis lusunot \zaeludom ,\lanoruen i[ \lailetodne ,\vitutitsnoc aerareda i[ \rate hcalp aeragerga \bihn i ,rotomosav a eramrof \cidei pm` ,eramru ac ,i[ uil etod ne ed roleticocuel .)01 ,9 ,5( moreta ed rolic\lp ;tcartxe cilrag dega = EGA( tinârt\bm` iorutsu ed lutcartxE vitacifinmes et[erc )ainopaJ ,akasO ,.dtL .oC lacituecamrahP aganukaW es atsecA .evitutitsnoc iezatetnis-ON aeralumits nirp ON ed ai]cudorp cetsema n` rol aerarts\p i[ iorutsu ed roliliblub aeratnemgarf nirp \raperp ; )erinârt\bm`( ieremac arutarepmet al inul 01 ni]up lec ed pmit lonate-\pa .\nietsiclila-S %1,0 i[ \ninigra %36,0 eni]noc \bihni ,cires luloretseloc ecuder tinârt\bm` iorutsu ed lutcartxE . )9( \rati c ocuel aerareda i[ \rateh calp aeragerga iuluiorutsu la citorelcsoretaitna lutcefE nirp \cilpxe es iul uiorutsu a \citor e lcsor e taitna aenui]cA .lairet ra iuleterep l ul e vin al ed ecigolotap e secorp ro nu aerecuder \ tnizerper o iezo relcso reta a eratsefin a m eiru pmit iam aeC cidipil iulutuni]noc aeret[erC .lairetra eleterep n` edipil ed aeralumuca 971



ae r alumits \nimreted )\ zodipil( el ailetodnebu s iemitni elelulec n` \ralulecartxe \vitcenoc ecirtam ed ai]cudorp i[ eralulec iir\refilorp ese co r p tnus azorbif i[ \ralu lec aerarefilorp ,azod ipiL .)\zorbif( .mo reta ed rolic\ lp aeramrof n` elai]nese i ulet e rep elelulec nid edipil n` lutun i]noc edacs luiorutsU : nirp lairetra iezatcuder-AoC-liratulglitemixordih ii] \tivitca aerabihni azetnisoib n` \tacilpmi \mizne ,)azatcuder-AoC-GMH( .citap e h l e vin al iu luloretseloc , a z a r e f s n a r t l i c a l o r e t s e lo c : A o C - l i c a i i ] \ t i v i t c a a e r a b i h n i n~ .iu luloretseloc roliretse aeramrof n` \ta cilpmi \mizne emizne ietseca aetativitca esaotamoreta elic\lp nid elelulec .elamron elelulec n` tâced eram iam iro 3 ed etse erac \mizne ,iezalordih retse liretseloc ii]\tivitca aeralumits .iululore ts eloc iir e tse \zaednics nirp i[ \zaeziretcarac es iezorelcsoreta ela elai]ini eliidatS \zaerebile 2A azapilofsof eniugnas eletehcalp n~ .iirotamalfni esecorp -5 i[ azanegixoolciC .eranarbmem eledipilofsof nid cinodihara ludica ro nu ae r amrof uc cinodi hara i uludica arpusa \ zaen oi]ca a zanegixopil .)4B a neirtocuel( ir ot a malfnio r p irotaidem elevin etirefid al cinodihara iuludica adacsac epurertn` luiorutsU i e z a negixop il-5 uas/i[ i e zanegixo olcic ,2A ieza p ilofsof a erabihni nirp .)8( irotamalfniorp rolirotaidem aeramrof leftsa dnâcideipm` lulai]netop taulave ua ecinilc i[ oviv ni ,ortiv ni iidutS .\z orelcsoreta n ` i orutsu ed roletarape r p la vitaruc i[ vitneverp , arotseca ia i]neut itsnoc iinu i[ mucerp , iorut su nid eletaraperP :iezorelcsoreta azenegotap n` etacilpmi esecorp elenu ortiv ni suder ua al ed \ralulec aerarefilorp ,\ratehcalp aeragerga ,loretseloc ed azetnis ela evitcaer iiceps ed ai]cudorp ,ecitorelcsoreta rolic\lp lulevin tnus etcefe etsecA .aetseca ed \sudni \cidipil aeradixorep i[ iulunegixo ,\ nicila( ieniil a ia \cit a mizne eradarg ed ed ii [udo r p ed etanimreted \c izaniila etativitca ed e tis pil elet c artxe i[ aniil a ; \nizon eda i[ )neoja .)11( )IVX X . bat( evit ca bals tnus noriM acnA

081


ertnid aronu a i[ iorutsu ed roletcartxe eletcefE .IVXX .baT n` etacilpmi emsinacem ronu arpusa arotseca ii]neutitsnoc )11( ortiv ni iiduts – iezorelcsoreta azenegotap IC \zod/ \tazilitu 05

tcefE

cigoloib tropuS

enui]carF / tcartxE i]neutitsnoC/\vitcartxe

etnaimepilopih i[ enegoretaitna etcefE aerabihni ed iezetnisoib loretseloc

= 05IC Mμ 7 = 05IC Mμ 51 = 05IC Mμ 9

aerabihni ed iezetnisoib loretseloc

= 05IC lm/gμ 09 = 05IC lm/gμ 53

aerecuder −

lm/gm 1

ed iululevin ia iretse uc iululoretseloc %62

ecitapeh elulec 2GpeH enamu

\nicilA

ed eticotapeh nalobo[

neojA

ecitapeh elulec 2GpeH enamu ed eticotapeh nalobo[

iorutsu ed erebluP )\niila %3,1( \tazidradnats

ecitapeh elulec 2GpeH enamu rolic\lp ela elulec nid ecitorelcsoreta \namu \troa

iorutsu ed erebluP

aerecuder − iululoretseloc %23 uc rebil aerabihni − iir\refilorp %55 uc eralulec aerabihni ed iezetnisoib al \nâp loretseloc %78

181

−

−

lortep ed rete n` tcartxE cilonatem tcartxE sopa tcartxE \nietsiclila-S uc taraperP



IC enui]carF / tcartxE cigoloib tropuS \zod/ i]neutitsnoC/\vitcartxe \tazilitu eratehcalp iir\gerga i[ iezilonirbif arpusa etcefE 002 - 04 diflusidlilaiD − 05

tcefE

aerabihni iir\gerga a i[ eratehcalp ed iei]erces 2AXT aerabihni iir\gerga esudni eratehcalp negaloc ed

lm/gμ 001 - 5

diflusirtlilaiD

lm/gμ = 05IC 064

n` \tagob \msalp eniugnas etehcalp

sopa tcartxE

lm/gμ = 05IC 091

\vitcartxe enui]carF lulatot dnâni]noc iralop roli]nenopmoc

lm/gμ = 05IC 502

\niilA

lm/gμ 41 = 05IC

\nicilA

lm/gμ = 05IC 2,31

\vitcartxe enui]carF lulatot dnâni]noc roli]aniflusoit

lm/gμ = 05IC 11,0

\nizonedA

lm/gμ 02 > 05IC

\nizonauG

lm/gμ 41 = 05IC

latot egnâs

\nicilA

lm/gμ = 05IC 11,0

\nizonedA

lm/gμ

noriM acnA

281


IC enui]carF / tcartxE cigoloib tropuS \zod/ i]neutitsnoC/\vitcartxe \tazilitu iulunegixo ela evitcaer iiceps ed iei]cudorp arpusa etcefE 05

tcefE

aerabihni iir\dixorep

Mm 81,0

−

\nicilA

ed esudni ecidipil +2

dica eF/cibrocsa aerabihni

= 05IC

eticolunarg

ed iei]cudorp noina lacidar dixorepus

093

retse uc etavitca

lm/gμ

lobrof ed

ei]cudorp

1 al \nâp

\niila n` ti]\gobm` tcartxE

ed \tucserc noina lacidar dixorepus

lm/gm

etativitca ed tispil \cizaniila

aerecuder rolilacidar i]arebile lixordih

−

−

iorutsu ed erebluP

)\niila %3,1( sopa tcartxE

ai]caer nirp notneF

\teid o-rtnirp \sudni \zorelcsoreta uc \]neirepxe ed elamina aL suder a iorutsu ed roletaraperp aerartsinimda ,loretseloc n` \tagob elemetsis tajetorp a i[ esaotamoreta rolinuizel a]nedicni vitacifinmes eimeloretselocrepih n` \tatcefa etse etativitca ror\c a ecitamizne \saotamoretaitna aenui]cA .)azatcuder-noitatulg ,azadixorep-noitatulg( s i c erp iam ,lifopil ret c arac uc e vitcartxe rol i nui]carf \tarotad etse lutpaf i[ tacramer eiuberT .arotseca a]nenopmoc nid flus uc roli[upmoc raihc ratehcalp tnagergaitna lai]netop uc ON ed azetnis et[erc EGA \c .)11( )IIVXX .bat( erartsinimda \rugnis o \pud 381



ela enegoretaitna i[ etnaimepilopih eletcefE .IIVXX .baT )11( oviv ni iiduts – iorutsu ed roletcartxe/iuluiorutsu ed laminA \]neirepxe inalobo[ \teid uc( )\negoreta

/ tcartxE i]neutitsnoC rete n` tcartxE lortep ed

\pud( irupei \teid o n` \tagob : loretseloc iz/gk/g 5,0 2 ed pmit )inul inalobo[ \narh n` %5 aretra uc( -ed \ditorac \taziletodne \teid o uc i[ %2 uc )loretseloc

iorutsU t\psaorp

tcefE

\taruD

\cinliz \zoD

ronu aereni]nem − ecires elevin ed etuz\cs i[ loretseloc edirecilgirt aerecuder − i[ ie]nedicni rolinuizel iimir\m ecitorelcsoreta iimir\m aerecuder rolic\lp ecitorelcsoreta

eliz 5

\zod eraot\znupseroc ereblup g 1 al ed \tacsu gk/iorutsu

*inul 3

4 iir\mrof aerecuder − iemitnioen inâm\tp\s iiret[erc aerabihni − ed ecires rolelevin loretseloc ronu aerajetorp − ror\c a emizne n` edacs etativitca ed ii]idnoc eimeloretselocrepih -noitatulg( ,azadixorep )azatcuder-noitatulg iezetnis aeret[erc \zod %04-03 uc ON ed \cinu ed .nim 06-51 \pud erartsinimda al

gk/g 1

.o.p gk/g 68,2

icerao[

ed erebluP %3,1( iorutsu )\niila

tcartxE ed tinârt\bm` ,EGA( iorutsu aganukaW lacituecamrahP ,.dtL .oC )ainopaJ ,akasO

\lamron \teid o tuva ua elelamina * noriM acnA

481


ua ecinilc iiduts esaoremun i[ i[ot\n\s inamu i]ceibus ep iidutS iuluiorutsu ela ecitorelcsoretaitna i[ enegoretaitna eletcefe tamrifnoc .)X IXX .bat , I IIVXX .bat( etnaimepilopih i[ ecitorelcsoretaitna ,ecigoloer eletcefE .IIIVXX .baT )11( i[ot\n\s inamu i]ceibus ep iiduts – iuluiorutsu ela tcefE

\taruD

\zod ai]atalidosav − \cinu eralipacerp roleloiretra ed iezetiv aeret[erc − roleticortire a erasalped iileip eleralipac n` rolenietorpopil aerajetorp 2 eradixo ed inâm\tp\s

iir\zidigir aerecuder − ilairetra roli]erep aerarus\m nirp \taulave( a ,iuluslup iednu iezetiv al eralucsav ie]netsizer )ii]\ticitsale a i[ enuiserp

ina 2

\zoD / tcartxE uidutS \cinliz i]neutitsnoC ecitorelcsoretaitna i[ ecigoloer etcefE gm 009 obecalp ed erebluP bro-ulbud %3,1( iorutsu tazimodnar )\niila ta[icurcn` gm 006

-003 gm 009

a %03 al \nâp aerecuder 6 gm 009 ed cires iululevin inâm\tp\s edirecilgirt )laidnarptsop( cires iululevin aered\cs 51 gm 006 i[ loretseloc ed inâm\tp\s edirecilgirt cires iululevin aered\cs 61 liblub 1 loretseloc ed inâm\tp\s .xorpa( )g 3 cires iululevin aered\cs inul 2 g 01 loretseloc ed 581

obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar ta[icurcn` sihcsed

ed erebluP iorutsu \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( ed erebluP iorutsu \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1(

etnaimepilopih etcefE obecalp ed erebluP bro-ulbud iorutsu tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar sihcsed

sihcsed

ed erebluP %3,1( iorutsu )\niila ed ilibluB iorutsu iorutsU t\psaorp



i]neicap citsongaiD

4 inâm\tp\s

4 inâm\tp\s

gm 009

gm 008

gm 008

\lairetra \laob \nairanoroc

\taruD

3 inâm\tp\s

2x2 eluspac

eimeloretselocrepih

uidutS

sihcsed

taraperP

681

iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( – iorutsu ed ielU \luspac 1( eluspac \zaenoi]idnoc nid soielu lutcartxe *)iorutsu g 1 iorutsu ed erebluP tacsu

ecitorelcsoretaitna i[ ecigoloer etcefE etatilibagergarepih obecalp iorutsu ed erebluP \natnops \ratehcalp bro-ulbud \tazidradnats cata ed tucserc csir i[ tazimodnar )\niila %3,1( cimehcsi \lairetra \laob obecalp \cirefirep \vizulco bro-ulbud

inul 3

gm 006

\lairetra \laob obecalp \nairanoroc bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp

4 inâm\tp\s

\zoD \cinliz )gm(

a i[ iorutsu ed roletcartxe ela etnaimepilopih i[ ecitorelcsoretaitna ,ecigoloer eletcefE .XIXX .baT )11( ecinilc iiduts – arotseca ii]neutitsnoc ertnid aronu tcefE

eratehcalp roletagerga aerecuder etnalucric eratehcalp ii]\tilibagerga aered\cs enatnops ecitamsalp ii]\tizocsâv aerecuder eratehcalp ii]\tilibagerga aerecuder enatnops loretseloc ed iululevin aered\cs eradixo ed LDL aerajetorp ed ecires rolelevin aerecuder edirecilgirt i[ latot loretseloc -LDH ed ecires rolelevin aeret[erc loretseloc ecitilonirbif ii]\tivitca aeret[erc a i[ iulunegonirbif aered\cs A ieditpeponirbif iulunegonimsalp aeret[erc noriM acnA

tcefE

\taruD

21 inâm\tp\s

inul 4

61 inâm\tp\s

i]neicap citsongaiD

uidutS

taraperP

etnaimepilopih etcefE

iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1(

vitarapmoc

gm 009

tarbifazeB

eimenietorpopilrepih

gm 006

eimeloretselocrepih

gm 006

vitarapmoc tazimodnar


ereblup uc etelbaT iorutsu ed \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1(

iorutsu ed ielU eimedipilrepih



gm 89,1 gm 008

gm 009

eimeloretselocrepih \rao[u



21 inâm\tp\s

\zoD \cinliz )gm(


: dnivirp elibarapmoc etcefe a i[ latot iululoretseloc aerecuder iululoretseloc-LDL iululoretseloc-LDH aeret[erc -

a \ta]nunorp iam aerecuder -LDL i[ latot iululoretseloc ed aereblup ert\c ed iululoretseloc \tazidradnats iorutsu loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs %71 uc edirecilgirt i[ %21 uc latot

loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs %11 uc loretseloc-LDL i[ %6 uc latot

781

\taruD

i]neicap citsongaiD

uidutS

taraperP


tcefE

\zoD \cinliz )gm( gm 009

eimeloretselocrepih \rao[u

eimeloretselocrepih

881

+ et[ep ed ielU iorutsu ed ereblup \tazidradnats iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1(


gm 009

obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar

iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( et[ep ed ielU

inul 6

gm 006

eimeloretselocrepih enuisnetrepih \taredom eimeloretselocrepih

3 inâm\tp\s g 21

21 inâm\tp\s

gm 009

+ g 21 gm 009

loretseloc ed cires iululevin aered\cs %8 uc edirecilgirt ed i[ %01 uc latot

61 inâm\tp\s

loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs uc loretseloc-LDL i[ %5,11 uc latot %2,41 ecires rolelevin arpusa tcefe ed aspil ;latot loretseloc ed -LDL ed cires iululevin aeret[erc %8,8 uc loretseloc loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs uc loretseloc-LDL i[ %2,21 uc latot %5,9 loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs %01 uc loretseloc-LDL i[ %9 uc latot


noriM acnA

taraperP


uidutS

\taruD

i]neicap citsongaiD

tcefE


gm 008

\rao[u enuisnetrepih


21 inâm\tp\s

gm 006


-LDH ed cires iululevin aeret[erc %61 uc loretseloc ecires rolelevin arpusa tcefe ed aspil edirecilgirt i[ latot loretseloc ed loretseloc ed cires iululevin aered\cs %21 uc 21 inâm\tp\s

gm 009

\teid( eimedipilrepih )**I apate PECN

\lairetra \laob \nairanoroc


21 inâm\tp\s

gm 009

3 inâm\tp\s

ed ecires rolelevin arpusa tcefe ed aspil loretseloc-LDL i[ latot loretseloc

inul 6

gm 009

\lairetra \laob \cirefirep \vizulco

ed ecires rolelevin arpusa tcefe ed aspil edipil

8 inâm\tp\s

iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1(


obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar obecalp bro-ulbud tazimodnar

ed ecires rolelevin arpusa tcefe ed aspil %01 ed iret[erc ienu ai]pecxe uc edipil I-A ienietorpopilopa a

eimeloretselocrepih apate PECN \teid( )***I -repih uc iipoc -irp eimeloretseloc \teid( \lailimaf \ram )****II apate PECN

981


gm 006

gm 009

009-006 gm al .pseroc( gm 6-3 )\nicila g 2,1

i]neicap citsongaiD

uidutS

taraperP

sihcsed


sihcsed

sihcsed

erebluP ed \tazidradnats iorutsu

sihcsed

sihcsed

iorutsu ed erebluP \tazidradnats )\niila %3,1( iorutsu ed erebluP tacsu

eimedipilrepih

eimedipilrepih

091


eimeloretselocrepih n` \car\s \teid uc( )edipil i[ loretseloc eimenietorpopilrepih VI pit eimeloretselocrepih eimedipilrepih


\taruD 8-6 inâm\tp\s

tcefE loretseloc ed cires iululevin aered\cs %3,2 uc latot 4 inâm\tp\s

81 inâm\tp\s

61 inâm\tp\s

61 inâm\tp\s

loretseloc ed cires iululevin aered\cs %2,7 uc latot loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs uc loretseloc-LDL ed ,%4,61 uc latot %12 uc edirecilgirt ed i[ %1,51 %4,9 uc iululoretseloc-LDH aeret[erc loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs uc loretseloc-LDL ed ,%8,51 uc latot %7,31 uc edirecilgirt ed i[ %3,31 uc iululoretseloc-LDH aeret[erc %3,41 loretseloc ed ecires rolelevin aered\cs uc loretseloc-LDL ed ,%3,11 uc latot %31 uc edirecilgirt ed i[ %7,51 %9,91 uc iululoretseloc-LDH aeret[erc noriM acnA

tcefE

\taruD ina 4

ina 3


−

rolic\lp a]nezerp ecitorelcsoreta lec al erenupxe ed rotcaf nu ni]up enuiserp( csir ,\tucserc \cilotsis ,eimeloretselocrepih muf ,tarahaz tebaid )\ragi] ed tcrafni ed tnedecetna cidracoim

i]neicap citsongaiD

obecalp tazimodnar


uidutS

nid soielu tcartxE *****iorutsu


taraperP


rolic\lp iulumulov aerecuder iam tcefe( %6,2 uc ecitorelcsoreta etsrâv uc ii]necap al ta]nunorp )etatnian`

iulutcrafni a \vidicer ed ietar aerecuder uc ii]\tilatrom a i[ %44 uc cidracoim %13


i[ aios ed ielu n` tavlozid tsof a tuni]bo luudizer ,tatr\pedn` tsof a lutnevos ;lite ed tateca uc i[artxe i[ i]i]nur\m tsof ua iorutsu ed iiliblub * .tal us pac n` i o pa inâm\tp\s 8 ed pmit \tamru tsof a ateid ;iz/loretseloc gm 003 bus i[ elatot imis\rg nid iirolac %03 bus ,etarutas imis\rg nid iirolac %01-8 ** .iulutnematart lupmit n` i[ iulutnematart aetnian` .iulutnematart lupmit n` i[ iulutnematart aetnian` inâm\tp\s 6 ed pmit \tamru tsof a ateid *** inul 6 ed pmit \tamru tsof a ateid ; iz/loretseloc gm 002 bus i[ ,elatot imis\rg nid iirolac %03 bus ,etarutas imis\rg nid iirolac %7 bus **** .iulutnematart lupmit n` i[ iulutnematart aetnian` ii]acidem etla ienu \ratnemelpmoc erartsinimda ***** 191


%3,1( \tazidradnats iorutsu ed aereblup ,i[ot\n\s ii]ceibus aL lo retseloc ed ecires elel e vin tuz\cs ua t\psaorp l uiorutsu i[ rad ,)\niila le ftsa i-ud n`unimid erad ixo ed LDL tajetorp ua ,e direcilgirt i[ latot ti] \t \nubm` ua i[ ilairetra roli]erep aerazidigir s uder ua ,a etatinegoreta .iulegn â s aetatidiulf luiorutsu ,ecitorelcsoreta ir\tsefinam etirefid uc ii]neicap aL tuni]noc nu uc \tazidradnats aereblup( iorutsu ed eletaraperp i[ t\psaorp etcefe tatlovzed ua )lai]nese luielu ,soielu lutcartxe ,\niila %3,1 ed aeraolav tucserc ua ,LDL la cires lulevin tuz\cs ua ,sulp n~ .eralimis .)11( etnetsixe ecitorelcsoreta rolic\lp lumulov suder ua i[ LDH aerartsinimda al tun i]bo ua-s elibarov af iam elec eletcefE 009-006 ed ezod n` )\niila %3,1( etazidradnats iorutsu ed iireblup .inâm\tp\s 4 ni]up lec ed pmit iz/gm uc eletelbat urtnep \rojam ai]acidni ainamreG n` ,tnezerp n~ ,iiduts etlum iam elec etautcefe tsof ua erac urtnep ,iorutsu ed ereblup iuleterep aerir\tn` i[ aera[orgn`( iezorelcsoreta aerineverp \tnizerper o 009-006 ed tsof a \tartsinimda azod ,roliiduts aetatirojam n~ .)ralucsav .)5( t\psao r p ior utsu gm 0073-004 2 uc \tnela vihce iz/gm iuleterep lulevin al \zaenoi]ca luiorutsu \zorelcsoreta n~ rolinuizel aiserger dnânimreted i[ ai]irapa dnineverp lairetra iinu \zae]neulfni ,aenemesa eD .)\tcerid enui]ca( ecitorelcsoreta enui]ca \tsaecA .)\tceridni enui]ca( \zorelcsoreta n` csir ed irotcaf nu iorutsu ed roletaraperp \refnoc ,\tceridni i[ \tcerid ,\tanibmoc .\zetnis ed elecitorelcsoretaitna ed \]af libaredisnoc jatnava

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .2 .1 .7 \mrof bus \zaertsinimda es sublub ivitas iillA tnevcerf iam leC : )5 ,4( ed aetatidimu ,iir\vresnoc la i[ iir\csu lupmit n~ .ereblup etrap o ,eramru ac ,i[ iezaniila aetativitca \zaetilicaf \laudizer noriM acnA

291


ed ii[udorP .citamizne i[upmocsed tnus i]aruflus ii[upmoc nid nid etlum iam elec \zaerotad es il aror\c ,ere nupmocsed n i r P . i l i t a l o v t n u s , i u l u io r u t s u e l a e c i t u e p a r e t e l i r \ z i l i t u rai ,edacs i[upmoc it[eca n` iireblup lutuni]noc ,erarts\p i[ \zaeunimid es iorutsu ed iireblup ela ecigolocamraf eletcefe .rapsid raihc tnus iorutsu ed iiliblub ,eri]nur\m \puD .esaoielu etarecam ed tarapes etse soielu lutcartxE .lategev ielu n` i]arecam .erase rp nirp lat e gev luudizer a \pa ed iropav uc aeranertna nirp eni]bo eS .lai]nese ielu lu ielU .i]i]nur\m ,\t\psaorp erats n` i orutsu ed roliliblub a \citamizne i[ \cimret eradarged ed ii[udorp eni]noc lai]nese .iniuneg flus uc roli[upmoc etse luiorutsU . )tin â rt\bm` iorutsu( er at nemref ed etaraperp i]oT .inul avetâc ed pmit eratnemref ed secorp iunu supus iam uas tlum iam i]avired n` i]adnics tnus iţaruflus ii[upmoc ed etispil ,etaraperp etseca ,rolir\tpet[a rartnoC .ivitca ni]up etativitca ed etispil telpmoc tnus un ,citsiretcarac lusorim .\citueparet iz/i ro 3 ed .cip 02 :\rutcnit poris : elartsig am elumrof .pR 0,061/0,2 0,02 0,002 da

pelaS murebuT sinigalicuM ivitas iillA arutcniT eatirepip eahtneM sutiripS oitulos .f .M \ ru g n i l 1 , n r e t n i . s . D

391



.pR 0,08 0,001 da

ivitas iillA supuriS sutisopmoc eassileM sutiripS oitulos .f .M iz / ]gl 1 x 3-2 ,nretni .s .D

n` \rtni atsaeca nid etuni]bo etcartxe i[ iorutsu ed aerebluP ,N ®IAWK :ecitorelcsoretaitna etcefe uc etaraperp ronu a]nenopmoc .)21( SA .pmoc ®NALURTONEV ,®ARGET ,®ONASIRAC

esrevda iițcaeR .3 .1 .7 etalanmes tsof ua iorutsu ed roletaraperp aerartsinimda aL ed ir\ts ,ecimred ecigre la ii]caer ,\]aerg ,lani tsetnior tsag trofnocsid ,\tinir ,\cigrela \tivitcnujnoc ,rar iam tlum ,i[ enuisnetopih al e r apa erac jatnavazed lul apicnirp \sn` etse a nelaH .ems apsohnorb i]neicap i]lum \nimreted erac i[ iorutsu ed roletaraperp aerartsinimda iam pmit ed \daoirep o ep erasecen elezod ezert sinimda i[` un \s . \tagnuledn` uc tnetimocnoc \ zaertsinimda es un i o rutsu ed eletaraperP aeragerga \bihni i[ azilonirbif et[erc luiorutsU .etnalugaocitna .roletnalugaocitna aenui]ca \zae]netop ,eramru ac ; \ratehcalp ed leftsa ed iruzac esaor em un \zaenoi]nem eta til aiceps ed arutaretiL ed zac nu i[ raihc ,enr e tni iigaromeh al sudn oc ua erac inui]caretni \tacidniartnoc etse ,aenemesa eD .\latel \nretni eigaromeh .)5 ,4( ivisnetrepihitna i]nega uc \tnetimocnoc aerartsinimda

muilof earanyC .2 .7 ailimaf nid .L sumylocs aranyC ieiceps eleznurf \tnizerper .eranihgna \timuned ,eaecaretsA noriM acnA

491


, e t a t c e s - t a n e p e zn u r f \ t n i z e r p , \ n a e e n a r e t i d e m e n i g i r o e d , a t n a l P ;\raoirefni a]af ep esaotnemot – solsâp i[ \raoirepus a]af ep erbalg ed ,esaolubut ,elirolF .nips nu etâc n` \nimret es roleznurf eletnemges uc esaolu bolg iidotna n` eta purg tnus ,eec a loiv – ei[ or eraoluc tn us el e tcurF .eloilof e d irudn â r etlum iam nid t amrof lurculovni .)51 ,41 ,31( eiubl\g eraoluc ed supap uc enehca

.L sumylocs aranyC

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .2 .7 ,cinegorolc dica( icinihclioefac izica eni]noc muilof earanyC :elas eledizocilg i[ \niloetul( edionovalf ,)cinihclioefacid-5,1 dica ua s

adizonitur-7-niloetul

i[

ad izoranic

ua s

adizoculg-7-niletul

izicaixordih ,)\nirciporanic( ecinepretivcses enotcal ,)adizomilocs .c i efac dica ,)cilircalitem ixo rdih ,cil ocilg ,cilam ,citcal i izica( icitafila ,\niranic ed elemun bus i[ tucsonuc ,cinihclioefacid-3,1 ludicA i[ tâc ,t\ps aorp tâta lateg e v lulairet am n` emru e d \mrof bu s et[es\g es lupmit n` cinihclioefacid-5,1 ludica nid \zaemrof es aniraniC .tacsu ele tcartxe n` iam un \tneze rp etse ,eramru ac ; etn ibreif \pa u c iei]cartxe .)51 ,41 ,11( esaopa 591



5

O H 4 3 O H

H O O C 1

O

O H

H O

C O C H C H

O H

a c i d u l c l o r o g e n i c 5

O H 4 3 O H

H O O C 1

O

O H

O

C O C H C H

O H

H O

H C C C O H

H O

c i n a r i n a

O H O H

R O

O

7

O H

O

c i n a r o z i d a

s c o l i m o z i d a

l u t e o l i n a

g RHu l c o z a

g l u c o z a r a m n o z a

691

noriM acnA


cigolocamraf liforP .2 .2 .7 -eloretselocopih i]\teirporp ua muilof earanyC nid eletcartxE .enegoretaitna i[ etnaimepilopih ,etnaim ,lapicnirp n` ,\tarotad etse \tnaimeloretselocopih aenui]cA .i e niranic i [ ieniloetul ,muilof earanyC ed roletcartxe a \laro aerartsinimda aL ,iulunocilga aerarebile uc \citamizne \zilordih o \refus adizoranic -β aenui]ca bus citapeh i[ lanitsetni levin al col era azilordiH .aniloetul -litemixordih aetativitca \bihni \tarebile aniloetuL .iezadizoculg eiehc lor uc \mizne ,)iezatcuder AoC-GMH( iezatcuder AoC-liratulg .)41( )12 .gif( citapeh lutuse] n` iululoretseloc a ovon ed azetnis n`

iululoretseloc a ovon ed iezetnis iir\bihni lumsinaceM .12 .giF )41( muilof earanyC nid elenovalf ert\c ed 791



i [ el atot e dipil ,lo retseloc ed ecires el e levin ecuder aniraniC .edirecilgirt elet c artxe urtnep i[ etai] nedive tsof ua eral imis etcefE .\latnemirepxe aimedipilrepih n` \t\psaorp atnalp nid ecilonateordih a \laro elac ep aerartsinimda ,\negoreta \teid uc elamina aL i[ ecires elelevin tuz\cs a ,etazirevlup i[ etacsu ,eneirea roli]r\p .esaotamoreta rolic\lp aeramrof tineverp a i[ loretseloc ed ecitapeh ,eranihgna ed eznurf nid eletcartxe ,i[ot\n\s inamu ii]ceibus aL ed elelevin tuz\cs ua ,ilo n efilop ed tucserc tuni] noc nu u c elec sela iam .L D L i[ ireb il i[arg izica ,e direcilgi rt ,loretseloc eranihgna nid eletaraperp ,eimenietorpopilrepih uc ii]neicap aL lu tr opar i[ m ucerp ,LDL i[ latot l oretseloc ed e cires elel e vin suder ua eledirecilgirt i[ eledipil tuz\cs ua eranihgna ed eletaraperP .LDH/LDL snups\r a un erac eimedirecilgirtrepih uc ii]neicap al raihc ecires .)51 ,41 ,11( tarbifolc uc iulutnematart

ăcitueparet nÎ erazilitU .3 .2 .7 n ` e c a r \ s e t e i d i en u l a t n a v u j d a a c \ z a e z i l i t u e s l a t e g e v l u s u d o r P eS .eimedipilrepih ed etaredom i[ erao[u rolemrof lutnematart n` edipil n` tacsu sopa tcartxe uas eizufni ed \mrof bus a rtsinimda etaop .)11( i z/tacsu lateg ev s udorp g 01 – 5 al er ao t\znups eroc etatitnac a]nenopmoc n` \rtni abreh earanyC nid tacsu sopa tcartxe nU etcefe uc )\luspac/tcartxe gm 023( ETROF ®LS RAPEH iulutaraperp .)21( etnaimepilopih i[ etnaimeloretselocopih

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .2 .7 ii]cnufsid animreted top eranihgna ed eznurf nid eletcartxE a l etati libisnes uc ii]neic ap al ecigrela ii]caer i[ erao[u elani tsetniortsag ,le]e[um( eaecaretsA ailimaf nid iiceps al etnezerp elenepretivcses .)elenebl\g ,eid\p\p ,iululeciro[ – adaoc n` eranihgna nid r oletara perp aerartsinim da \tac idniartnoc etsE .)11( \tirtsag i[ erailib roli\c a ei]curtsbo ed zac noriM acnA

891


muilof eabolib ogkniG .3 .7 ailimaf nid .L abolib ogkniG iulerobra eleznurf \tnizerper .zenopaj reilpmet elerobra ed aerimuned bus tucsonuc ,eaecaogkniG ,eladiotled ,etaloi]ep ,iram eznurf uc cioid erobra nu etsE el etcurF . cimotohid etaci fimar tnus iruvren ror\c ela , etabolib tnevcerf .\]nâm\s \rugnis o uc \neblag eraoluc ed eslaf epurd tnus ,aisA n` \tavitluc iz\tsa etse ,anihC nid \ r anigiro ,aicepS nid \tarepmet \milc uc inuiger n` i[ mucerp ,droN ed aciremA ,aporuE . )51 ,41 ,31 ( )\dnaleeZ auoN ,anit ne grA( \cid us arefsime

.L abolib ogkniG

ăcimihc eițizopmoC .1 .3 .7 ela ecitueparet ir\ zilitu i[ e cigolocamr a f inui]ca e lesaoremuN etr ap caf er a c nid xelpm ocotif iu nu etarotad t nus lategev iulusudorp :ed etatnezerper tnus eledionovalF .elenepret i[ eledionovalf i[ iululotecrevc ,iululorefmek ela edizocilgirt i[ -id ,-onom -p ludica uc etacifiretse edizocilgid sela iam( iululotenmarozi ;)ciramuc ;)eralit e m ed i\s ii ]avired i[ \n ov alfotnem a( enovalfib ;)\nihetacolag ,\nihetacolagipe ,\nihetacipe ,\nihetac( ilo-3-navalf .icilodinaicotnaorp iremilop i[ iremogilo 991



\notcalirt( ludilabolib-α etacifitnedi tsof ua enepret ertniD .)ecinepretid enotcalirt( J i[ C ,B ,A eledilogknig i[ )\cinepretivcses ]nal uc iciloneflihcla izica eni]noc iam muilof eabolib ogkniG ,ilonadrac( iloneflihcla ,)icidracana izica ,icilogknig izica( gnul ed ionetor a c ,ilotilcic ,edi r ahazilop , iloretsotif ,ic i nagro izi c a ,)iloihsuru .)51 ,41 ,11( 1

2

R

O R O H

R 2 O

O O O H

O

O

O

O H O

H O

O H

H O

O

O

O H

R 1 = H s a u O H

R 2 = H s a u g l u c o z a

f l a v o n o i d e

O O

O

O O

O HO

O OC

HO O

HO

3) 3HC(C

O

dilabolib

noriM acnA

3)3H C( C

O

O

O

HO

A adilogknig

002


cigolocamraf liforP .2 .3 .7 ogkniG nid roletcartxe ela ecitueparet elii]acidni nid anU \cirefirep \vizulco \lairetra alaob \tnizerper o muilof eabolib .)\tnetimretni ai]acidualc( e r a c e p a ] n a t s i d c s e r c muilof eabolib ogkn iG n i d e l e t c a r t x E \grucrap o \s top )eniatnoF II luidats( enui]cefa \tsaeca uc ii]neicap nu ed \tanimreted etse aereruD .rolebmag lulevin al ererud i]mis a \r\f es i[ eraoir efni rolerbm e m la ralu c sum lutuse] nid n e gixo ed ticifed ed ,\zairav erac \]natsid o srucrap ua ii]neicap ec \pud \zaelatsni .m 003 i[ 03 ertn` ,iecibo nid tiutitsnoc ,muilof eabolib ogkniG nid vitca luxelpmocotiF iulegnâs ela ecigoloer eli]\teirporp et[e]\t\nubm` ,enepret i[ edionovalf . \niugnas ai] alu cric leftsa dnâlumits a]nalab ed \ta]neulfni cinretup etse iulegnâs aigoloeR aeragerga \bihni 2IGP .)2AXT/2IGP( 2A naxobmort/2I \nidnalgatsorp eragerga ecudni 2AXT ec pmit n` ei]atalidosav ecudorp i[ \ratehcalp sela iam ,iulunegixo ela evitcaer eliicepS .ei]cirtsnocosav i[ \ratehcalp ed rolelevin iiret[erc lusnes n` urbilihce tseca \zaetcefa ,icidipil iizixorep n` lutuni]noc nirp ,muilof eabolib ogkniG nid eletcartxE .2AXT rotatpac nu ac \zaenoi]ca )ilo – 3 – navalf ,edizonovalf( ilonefilop noina lulacidar( iulunegixo ela evitcaer iiceps elenu ed \]af )regnevacs( ,i[ \cidipil eradixorep ed elesecorp \bihni ,)lixordih lulacidar ,dixorepus \s elibapac iulunegixo ela evitcaer iiceps ed elelevin cuder ,eramru ac .)ratehcalp tnagerga i[ rotcirtsnocosav( 2AXT ela iret[erc enimreted ,B adilogknig laiceps n` ,eledilogknig ,etrap \tla ed eP era vitca ed lurotcaf ed \sudn i \ratehcalp ae ragerga \zaezinogatna .)FA P( \ratehcalp roletcartxe a]neicife taulave ua ecinilc iiduts esaoremuN \lairetra alaob uc ii]neicap al muilof eabolib ogkniG nid etazidradnats u a etaiduts eletcartxe eli r uzac etaot n~ .)XXX . b at( \ciref irep \vizulco .g if( i irerud aeralatsni a l \n â p \sru crap a]nats id v itacifinm es tucserc .)61 ,11 ,5( )22 102



muilof eabolib ogkniG nid elaiceps roletcartxe eletcefE .XXX .baT )11( ecinilc iidu ts - \c irefirep \viz ulco \ lairetra alaob n` \zoD \cinliz gm 021 .o.p

citsongaiD uidutS i]neicap eitapoiretra obecalp \cirefirep -ulbud eniatnoF bro bII luidats

42 -\tp\s inâm

gm 021 .o.p

eitapoiretra obecalp \cirefirep -ulbud eniatnoF bro bII luidats ui]icrexe( )snetni cizif

tacsu tcartxE nid tazidradnats abolib ogkniG

42 -\tp\s inâm

gm 061 o.p

eitapoiretra obecalp \cirefirep -ulbud eniatnoF bro bII luidats


eliz 8

gm 002 .v.i

eitapoiretra obecalp \cirefirep -ulbud eniatnoF bro III luidats


etcefE

ataruD

aeret[erc − ie]natsid \nâp esrucrap aeralatsni al iirerud aeret[erc − ie]natsid emixam esrucrap aerecuder − iirerud aeret[erc − ie]natsid \nâp esrucrap aeralatsni al iirerud aeret[erc − ie]natsid emixam esrucrap aeret[erc − ie]natsid \nâp esrucrap aeralatsni al iirerud aeret[erc − ie]natsid emixam esrucrap aerecuder \vitacifinmes iirerud a

42 -\tp\s inâm

noriM acnA

tcartxE tacsu tcartxE nid tazidradnats abolib ogkniG

202


ii]neicap ed esrucrap *ie]natsid arpusa 167 bGE lutcefE .22 .giF )5( )1002 ,zluhcS \pud( \cirefirep \vizulco \lairetra alaob uc )eraoirefni elerbmem n` iirerud aeralatsni al \nâp \srucrap a]natsid *(

ăcitueparet nî erazilitU .3 .3 .7 n u uc etazidradna ts etacsu roletcartxe a erazil itu \dnamocer eS -5 i[ )ecinovalf edizocilg n` etamirpxe( edionovalf %72-22 ed tuni]noc %2,3-6,2 i[ C ,B ,A edilogknig %4,3-8,2( ecinepret enotcal %7 i[ inegrela ,*icilogknig iizica tâta i]atr\pedn` tsof ua erac nid )dilabolib ai]brosba vitacifinmes \zaetimil erac eledionovalfib i[ tâc ,icixotoruen .evitca roliipicnirp nid etu ni]bo elaice ps et cartxe \u od iamun \dn a mocer E aisimoC :lategev sudorp tropar ;\pa-\noteca : tnevlos( muilof eabolib ogkniG :\citueparet n` erazilitu urtnep )1 :05 ed tcartxe amrof bus )HbmG ebawhcS ramlliW .rD( 167 bGE ;®NAKÖR ,®NINOBET roletaraperp bus( mpp 5 \csae[\ped \s eiubert un icilogknig izica n` lutuni]noc 167 bGE urtnep * )167 bGE g 001/icilogknig izica gm 5,0 302



iulutaraperp amrof bus )HbmG amrahP rewthciL( 0731 IL .)41 ,5 ,4( ®IREVAK a]nenopmoc n` \rtni )nespI( 167 bGE laiceps lutcartxE .®TROF ROKNIG i[ ®NAKANAT roletaraperp ,bGE etacifidoc ,muilof eabolib ogkniG nid elatot eletcartxE .edionovalf n` iamun etazidradnats ,iro etlum iam elec ed ,tnus ,®LIBOLIB( etcartxe ed leftsa \zaenoi]idnoc erac eletaraperP lutnematart n` etadnamocer ,aenemesa ed ,tnus )®NATOVALF .)41( etn aretilbo ieitapoiretra

esrevda iițcaeR .4 .3 .7 tsof ua muilof eabolib ogkniG nid roletaraperp aerartsinimda aL , e nergim ,)eeraid ,\]aer g( elanitset niortsag ii] c nufsid rar etalanmes dica uc etnetimocnoc iir\rtsinimda luzac n` eraregnâs i[ ecimred iigrela .)11( \n ir afraw i[ cilicilasliteca

nî etneicife elategev evitca iipicnirp/esudorp etlA .4 .7 evizulco elairetra iilob iș iezorelcsoreta lutnematart nid .L apec muillA ieiceps iiblub \tnizerper sublub eapec iillA .\paec ralupop \timuned ,eaecailiL ailimaf :flus uc i[upmoc eni]noc \t\psaorp erats n` lategev lusudorP ,enietsic-linehcla i[ -lihcla ,dixoflus nietsic-L-)lineporp-1(-S-)+(-snart ,lategev iulutuse] aeribordz nirP .irot\znupseroc iizixoflus ed irut\la d i c a a l \ z a ed a r g e d i ` e r a c e p i i z i x o f l u s u c t c a t n o c n ` e n i v a z a n i i l a n` nupmocsed es ,rol ludnâr al ,erac i]ani f lusoi tlihcla i[ civurip -liniflus-α( enepec \zaemrof iam es iezaniila aenui]ca buS .iruflusid i]a r uflus i] avired( inal e b eiwz i[ enegomirca l etcefe u c )iruflusid .)icilcicib noriM acnA

402


H

2

N H

S

O S

O

C O O H

NH

C O O H

t r a n s S p r o p e n i l L c i s t e i n s u l f o x i d

c i c l o a l i i n a

R O S

S S R 2

C C H H

S

3

3

R = C H

2

C H

2

C H

S

3

R = C H

C H

C H

O

c e p e n e

z w i e b e l a n

e d s u d e r d a r g u c i n a z o t cu r f i l o p n i ] n o c i a m \ p a e c e d i i b l u B ,)iululorefmek i[ iululotecrevc ela edizocilg( edionovalf ,eraziremilop edirecilg ,edizonopas ,)ciluref ,ciefac iizica( icilixobraclonefilop izica ,31( enidnalgatsorp i[ \nizoneda ,emizne ,enietorp ,i[arg izica ronu ela .)51 ,41 etse \paec nid ro letaraperp a \citor elcsoret aitna aenui]cA .ien iil a olcic lai c eps n` ,flus uc roli[up moc \tarotad eraot\znupseroc \zod n` tartsinimda ,eraserp ed t\psaorp lucuS .tnaimepilopih ro[u nu etse ,iz/i]epsaorp iblub g 05 al urtnep \paec nid r oletaraperp aerazili tu \cidni E aisimoC n` aeratnian` uc \tado rapa erac eralucsav rolir\cifidom aerineverp .azorelcsoreta i[ \r\mun es erac ertnirp ,\tsrâv 502



urtn ep ii]acidniar tnoc uas esrevda ii ]caer csonuc es uN . )81 ,71 ,41 ( \paec n id eletaraperp erata ac \paec ed roliblub aerartsinimda \dnamocer E aisimoC e raserp ed iulucus a ,)iz /g 02 - \tacsu uas iz/g 05 - \ t\psaorp erats n`( 2 – 1( ieizufni a ,)iz/iro 4 – 3 ed \]irugnil o( i]epsaorp iiblub nid tuni]bo 4 – 3 ed \]irugnil o( iirutcnit i[ )\pa lm 021 al lategev sudorp e]irugnil .)4( )iz/iro ed etatlocer etirolfn` eneirea eli]r\p \tnizerper abreh inisru iillA ralupop \timuned ,eaecailiL ailimaf nid .L munisru muillA aiceps al .\druel n` tnevcerf csesolof es ,\t\psaorp erats n` ,\druel ed eleznurF .ei]atnemila aec uc eraot\n\mesa \cimihc ei]izopmoc o era abreh inisru iillA ,\n ii la ed elii]roporp ni r p \mru nid atseca ed \refid ; iuluiorutsu a .eni]noc el e rac ep neo ja i[ \nicila ,etnaimepilopih etcefe \tlovzed abreh inisru iillA nid eletcartxE ela tâced ebals iam eratehcalp tnagergaitna i[ etnaimeloretselocopih -lit e m-S i[ i uluneoja ,lap icnirp n ` ,etarotad tnu s eletcefE . iuluiorutsu i[ iezanegixopil aetativitca \bihni luneojA .iuludixoflus nietsic elelevin edacs ludixoflus nietsic-litem-S ; roleticobmort aeragerga .lorets eloc ed ecires .)91 ,41 ,4( iaec ed \mrof bus \zaertsinimda eS ieiceps luihcnurt nid \dusxe erac anizeroelo \tnizerper lugguG .eaecaresruB ailimaf nid .lgnE )skcotS xe .kooH( lukum arohpimmoC .\slaf \nrims ed elemun bus i[ \tucsonuc etsE ,\tiutitsnoc \litalov enui]carf o ,edirahazilop eni]noc anizeroelO enui]carf o i[ iulunecrim lupit ed enepretonom nid ,lapicnirp n` uc ilo rets : \x elpmoc ei]i zop moc o era \saonize r a enui]carF .\saonizer ,)enoretsluggug ,iloretsluggug( natseloc i[ nangerp pit ed \rutcurts iuludica ia iretse ,)ilortetluggug( etalixordihilop etarutas irubracordih , )\nima ses( \cidionaru fonaruf liraid \rutcurts uc enangil ,ciluref .)inarbmec( ecilcicorc am enepretid noriM acnA

602


,lite ed tateca uc ienizeroelo ai]cartxe nirp \tuni]bo ,adipilugguG tnus aetsecA .etnaimepilopih i[ etnaimeloretselocopih i]\teirporp era i[ loretseloc ed ecires elelevin dacs erac rolenoretsluggug etarotad dacs i[ latot loretseloc/loretseloc-LDH lutropar cserc ,edirecilgirt . lo r e t s e l o c - L D L V i [ - L D L e d e l e l e v i n O H O H O

g u g u l s t e r o n a I

,etxim ieimedipilrepih lutnematart n` \tacidni etse adipilugguG \ t a r u d e d e r a r t s i n i m d a a L . i e i m e lo r e t s e l o c r e p i h i [ i e i m e d i r e c i l g i r t r e p i h ed eribesoed erpS .iulutarbifolc ela uc elibarapmoc tnus elas eletcefe .esrevda ii]caer ed \tispil etse adipiluggug ,tarbifolc i[ ecitapeh inui]cefa n` \tacidniartnoc etse as aerartsinimdA .)eeraid( elanitsetni i[ eeraid \cudorp \s etaop ,erata ac \tartsinimda ,anizeroelO .)41 ,5( tirurp .bxoR aluhgapsi .P .nis .kssro atavo ogatnalP ieiceps ele]nimeS ed elemun bus i[ \rutaretil n` etinlâtn` ,eaecanigatnalP ailimaf nid ac \zaenoi]ca erac )%03-02( galicum nu ni]noc ,nemes ealuhgapsI .lanitsetni levin al ei]brosba ed rotatimil 2,01 a \cinliz aerartsinimda ,eimeloretselocrepih uc ii]neicap aL -L DL i[ % 4 uc latot lulo r etseloc s uder a inâm\tp \s 8 ed p mit e]nimes g .%7 uc luloretseloc 702



lutnematart n` tnavujda ac tazilitu if etaop lategev lusudorP .)41 ,5( etaredom i[ erao[u ieimeloretselocrepih n` etartsinimda ,)eaecaoP ,.L avitas anevA( z\vo ed ele]âr\T .% 31 uc latot luloretseloc cuder ,inâm\ tp\s 3 ed pmit i z/g 00 1 ed \zod luloretseloc ecuder ,inâm\tp\s 41 ed pmit \tartsinimda ,\zod i[aeecA .% 12 uc LDL lul e vin i[ % 61 uc latot t a rotad etse tn a i mepilop ih i[ tnaime l oretseloc opih lutcefE iepa a]nezerp n` leg nu \z aemrof erac role]âr\t a ]ne nopmoc nid rolerbif iululoretseloc ai]brosbaer ecuder tamrof luleG .lanitsetni lunemul nid roledipil i[ iululoretseloc la ei]brosba ed ludarg i[ mucerp ,railib .)5( eratnemila ieiceps role]nimes la tazirevlup lumrepsodne - raug ed amuG 51 ed etatitnac n` \tartsinimda - )eaecabaF( subolonogartet sispomayC uc edirecilgirt ed i[ %8-6 uc loretseloc ed ecires elelevin ecuder ,iz/g .%71-31 a ]nezerp n` \cifileg erac na namotcalag nu eni ]noc raug ed amuG .)5( lanitset ni l evin al e i]brosba ed ele secorp d nâtimil iepa ,hcneoM adipsih ajoS( aios nid edipilofsof ed aerimuned buS n` ti]\gobm` tcartxe nu ,tpaf ed ,\zaezilaicremoc es )eaecabaF tca rtxe ts eca \dnamocer )4 991( E a isimoC .)% 97 -37( \nil ocliditafsof tutup ua un erac eimeloretselocrepih ed erao[u rolemrof lutnematart n` . c i z i f u i ] i c r e x e u c \ t a n i b mo c \ t a v c e d a \ t e i d o - r t n i r p e t a r o i l e m a i f latot luloretseloc cuder aios nid eledipilofsof iz/g 3-1 ed ezod n~ .)5( LDH i[ edirecilgirt ed ecires elelevin \zae]neulfni un ; LDL i[ : EIFARGOILBIB ai]cader bus( \nretni \nicideM :nI .azorelcsoretA .L misarehG ,D ucsefisoI .1 .137-907 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L misarehG ierF zlaB :nI .sisorelcsorehtA fo sisenegohtaP ehT .JA etnelaV ,JC ztrawhcS .2 weN ,ogeiD naS .esaesid dna htlaeh namuh ni stnadixoitna larutaN .rotide .003-782 ,4991 ,sserP cimedacA :kroY noriM acnA

802


\nretni \nicideM :nI .iezorelcsoreta ia csir ed iirotcaF .D ucsefisoI ,L misarehG .807-276 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L misarehG ai]cader bus( .enicideM labreH :nI .esaesid ralucsavoidraC .V nnamletniF ,FR ssieW .281-731 ,0002 ,galreV emeihT groeG :kroY weN ,tragttutS lanoitaR :nI .metsys ralucsavoidraC .EV relyT ,R lesnäH ,V zluhcS .861-701 ,1002 ,galreV-regnirpS :grebledieH ,nilreB .yparehtotyhP nosirraH :nI .roli]\timertxe ela eralucsav iloB .JV uazD ,AM regaerC .2551-2451 ,aroeT 1002 © thgirypoC .enretni ienicidem eliipicnirP bus( \nretni \nicideM :nI .ecirefirep roleretra eliloB .D ucselumiD ,L misarehG .9841-3441 ,4002 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .)II .lov ;.L misarehG ai]cader ;7991 noitirtuN .sisorelcsorehta no cilrag fo stceffe .J dlawnürG ,NA vohkerO .166-656 :)8/7( 31 tcartxe cilrag degA .E oyK ,N adU ,T ihcugiroM ,I akoimuS ,N arahiroM .715-905 :17 ;2002 secneicS efiL .edixo cirtin fo noitcudorp secnahne ecuder stelbat redwop cilraG .VV votreT ,ME avoravoviP ,NA vohkerO dnilb-elbuod dellortnoc-obecalp A .nietorpopil ytisned wol fo ytinegorehta .13-12 :6 ;6991 siD csavoidraC bateM rtuN .yduts .3002 ,POCSE .shpargonoM POCSE *** .5991 ,nizideM rüf galreV rotnaC oitidE : .ttrüW/frodneluA .etsiL etoR *** \lacideM .dE :acopaN-julC .)III .lov( \cituecamraf \cinatoB .M [am\T .9991 ,”unagei]aH uiluI“ \ratisrevinU A al ed elanicidem etnalP .C eiaosotorpA ,M unaicn\H ,A noriM ,U ucsen\tS ,”apoP .T .rG“ .dE : i[aI .citueparet seretni ed rolesudorp ela iifargonom ;Z al .4002 ,elanicidem etnalP :nI .edizonopaS .U ucsen\tS ,E ucserogirG ,I ieluiC .586-036 ,I .lov ,3991 ,\lacideM .dE :it[erucuB .eiparetotif i[ eimihcotif abolib ogkniG fo lairt lacinilc desimodnar dnilb-elbuod htnoM-6 .U reuaB morf gnireffus stneitap ni spuorg lellarap owt ni obecalp susrev tcartxe :6 ,)I( 43 ;4891 .seR gurD/.hcsroF-.mienzrA .ycneiciffusni lairetra larehpirep .027-617 .shpargonoM E noissimmoC dednapxE .enicideM labreH *** CRC :notaR acoB .enicideM labreH fo sisaB cimanydocamrahP .M idabE .555-735 ,2002 ,sserP mrahpdeM :tragttutS .slacituecamrahpotyhP dna sgurD labreH .M lthciW .4991 ,srehsilbuP cifitneicS

902

.3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .01

.11 .21 .31 .41

.51 .61

.71 .81 .91


xednI

XEDNI

701 ,87 ,muvitas muillA 602 ,321 ,munisru muillA 47 ,agansiv immA 47 ,16 ,sutcurf eagansiv immA 491 ,eranihgna S MUCINOTREPIHITNA 701 ,KCUHCS S MUCINOTREPYHITNA 121 ,021 ,811 ,KCUHCS 47 ,eaecaipA 47 ,agansiv muipA 001 ,91 ,61 ,11 ,eaecanycopA 991 ,zenopaj reilpmet elerobra 47 ,37 ,96 ,\cinra 96 ,anatnom acinrA 96 ,16 ,solf eacinrA 301 ,S ETROF ®NITUAR ETRA 891 ,491 ,37 ,96 ,eaecaretsA 802 ,avitas anevA 021 ,eelaza 702 ,eaecaresruB 52 ,atagiveal .C 531 ,\niefac 431 ,rofmac 431 ,821 ,arohpmaC 34 ,lirpotpac 61 ,S ®NIPMO-DRAC 77 ,®NEBUDRAC 491 ,®ONASIRAC 031 ,losonrac 96 ,rolenâz lurac 351 ,041 ,csecrop natsac 351 ,041 ,citabl\s natsac 002 ,62 ,\nihetac 71 ,eram ed \paec 402 ,\paec noriM acnA

921 ,loenic-8,1 27,96 ,anilanelehordihid – 31 ,α11 351 ,041 ,aenatsac .A 351 ,041 ,arecorp .A 121 ,021 ,lodemordnaliteca 591 ,cinihclioefacid-5,1 dica 591 ,cinegorolc dica 591 ,cinihclioefacid-3,1 dica 18 ,cinelonil-α dica 002 ,icilogknig izica 501 ,82 ,ciefac dica 031 ,ciniramzor dica 82 ,cilosru dica 281 ,081 ,\nizoneda 921 ,21 ,abreh sidinodA 31 ,sutamron sivlup abreh sidinodA 21 ,silanrev sinodA 31 ,\dizoxotinoda 261 ,EBLAS N ®NIROCSEA 351 ,041 ,munatsacoppih sulucseA 251 ,02 ®NASUCSEA ,251 ,0,1 EMERC ®NASUCSEA 361 77 ,S ®LATURSEA 131 ,iniramsoR muelorehteA 381 ,971 ,tcartxe cilrag dega = EGA 602 ,081 ,neoja 602 ,081 ,311 ,801 ,\nicila 602 ,291 ,481 ,181 ,211 ,801 ,\niila 502 ,azaniila 701 ,87 ,eaecaillA 402 ,sublub eapec iillA ,471 ,701 ,001 ,sublub ivitas iillA 291 ,671 602 ,abreh inisru iillA 402 ,apec muillA 012

xednI

501 ,\niloetulixotemid 111 ,editpepid 71 ,amitiram aimirD 19 ,bord 302 ,167 bGE 501 ,E adizoretuele ,ienisnetoigna a eisrevnoc ed amizne 221 ,611 ,111 991 ,74 ,92 ,62 ,\nihetacipe 021 ,eaecacirE 96 ,94 ,®DRACIREBSE 351 ,441 ,141 ,\nicse 351 ,lotelucse 451 ,\dizolucse 251 ,ONOM 05 NEVASSE 481 ,iorutsu ed tinârt\bm` tcartxe 49 ,mudiulf sidinodA mutcartxE 42 ,mudiulf sidinodA mutcartxE 49 ,mudiulf igeatarC mutcartxE 902 ,451 ,eaecabaF 94 ,93 ,003 ®SORAF 94 ,igeatarC serolF 94 ,igeatarC muiloF 601 ,igeatarC serolF te muiloF 802 ,\nilocliditafsof 27 ,13 ,\zaretseidofsof 802 ,edipilofsof 211 ,inatcurf 84 ,02 ,9 ,\dizotnaforts – G nietsic-L-lila-S-)+(-limatulg-amag 321 ,ludixoflus 111 ,enietsiclimatulg-amag -L-lila-S-)+(-limatulg-L-amag 421 ,dixoflus nietsic 921 ,39 ,amozihr iimesleG 49 ,\nimesleg 39 ,snerivrepmes muimesleG 52 ,ranihgrehg 851 ,epmihg 202 ,991 ,abolib ogkniG 991 ,571 ,muilof eabolib ogkniG 991 ,eaecaogkniG 002 ,edilogknig 112

402 ,enepec 31 ,\dizoramic 891 ,591 ,\niranic 591 ,\nirciporanic 431 ,arohpmac mumomanniC 751 ,TS ®LIZNEMELC 231 ,iuluel adaoc 602 ,lukum arohpimmoC 51 ,loxotalavnoc 51 ,\dizoxotalavnoc 41 ,silajam airallavnoC 921 ,muilof eairallavnoC 331 ,41 ,21 ,abreh eairallavnoC sivlup abreh eairallavnoC 51 ,sutamron 94 ,®RUPADROC 61 ,41 ,®NITTUGROC 61 ,41 ,SULP N ®NITTUGROC ,16 ,52 ,erolf muc muilof igeatarC 811 ,511 ,001 ,59 82 ,52 ,sutcurf igeatarC 52 ,anygonom sugeatarC 36 ,ahtnacayxo sugeatarC 34 ,®TTUGEATARC 94 ,ETROF ®TTUGEATARC ,86 ,94 ,OVON ®TTUGEATARC 96 94 ,NASEATARC 94 ,OVON ®DEMATARC 96 ,94 ,ONOM ®MUCSIVARC 551 ,\niramuc 361 ,NEDATUC 991 ,501 ,13 ,lotecrevc 802 ,subolonogartet sispomayC 491 ,sumylocs aranyC 791 ,491 ,471 ,muilof earanyC 891 ,abreh earanyC 19 ,suirapocs susityC 47 ,agansiv sucuaD 21 ,ineblag ie]ided 281 ,diflusidlilaid 281 ,diflusirtlilaid 501 ,lotecrevcixotemid


26 ,azanegordihed-tatcal 231 ,921 ,eaecaimaL 431 ,eaecaruaL 05 ,41 ,eraoim\rc\l 61 ,urdnael 19 ,easonimugeL 231 ,821 ,abreh eacaidrac irunoeL 231 ,\nirunoel 231 ,acaidrac surunoeL 602 ,321 ,\druel 59 ,93 ,231 IL 402 ,0731 IL 97 ,anipocil 502 ,851 ,71 ,41 ,11 ,eaecailiL 18 ,eaecaniL 18 ,mumissitatisu muniL 39 ,eaecainagoL 29 ,\ninapul 591 ,\niloetul 46 ,92 ,62 ,adizoculg-7-niloetul ,N-/ETROF ®NISRAVIDEM 751 ,251 651 ,451 ,041 ,abreh itolileM 451 ,silaniciffo sutolileM 91 ,71 ,61 ,41 ,®NOTORIM ,61 ,41 ,ETROF ®NOTORIM 91 ,71 91 ,61 ,41 ,ETROF N ®NOTORIM 52 ,enic\r\m 41 ,ler\tir\gr\m 811 ,nils\m 19 ,ecirut\m 6 ,aza-PTA-+K/+aN 84 ,74 ,03 ,ieza-PTA-+K/+aN 851 ,lonegocsuroen 61 ,rednaelo muireN 811 ,aeporue aelO 811 ,eaecaelO 811 ,001 ,muilof eaelO 61 ,21 ,muilof irdnaelO sivlup muilof irdnaelO 71 ,sutamron 71 ,\dizordnaelo noriM acnA

402 ,®TROF ROKNIG 021 ,enixotonayarg 281 ,\nizonaug 602 ,lugguG 602 ,adipiluggug 602 ,iloretsluggug 602 ,enoretsluggug 802 ,raug ed amug 161 ,eaecadilemamaH 161 ,041 ,xetroc sidilemamaH 161 ,muilof sidilemamaH 161 ,anainigriv silemamaH 161 ,ninatilemamah 27 ,96 ,\nilaneleh 891 ,ETROF ®LS RAPEH 361 ,7 P NEVEWEH 051 ,\dizoturliteixordih AoC-liratulg-litemixordih 791 ,081 ,671 ,azatcuder 711 ,46 ,26 ,74 ,92 ,62 ,\dizorepih 351 ,041 ,eaecanatsacoppiH 351 ,041 ,xetroc inatsacoppiH 841 ,041 ,nemes inatsacoppiH 351 ,041 ,eragluv munatsacoppiH 851 ,\saonips \redei 18 ,ni 802 ,nemes ealuhgapsI 52 ,\nitneiroozi 991 ,lotenmarozi 52 ,\nixetivozi 402 ,®IREVAK 57 ,\nilek 991 ,lorefmek 47 ,allehk 77 ,N ®NAGNALLEHK – LETSIM ®PPIENK 701 ,TFASNEZNALFP -FUALSIERK-ZREH NIDOROK 531 ,431 ,®NEFPORT 02 ,α-adizotnaforts-K 771 ,411 ,®IAWK 491 ,511 ,N ®IAWK 212

xednI

921 ,821 ,muilof iniramsoR 921 ,silaniciffo suniramsoR 921 ,niramzor 21 ,\rav\mirp ed \]uc[ur 851 ,041 ,amozihr itaeluca icsuR 851 ,lonegocsur 061 ,®LATCEROCSUR 061 ,NEVOCSUR 061 ,LEG NEVOCSUR 851 ,sutaeluca sucsuR 46 ,26 ,92 ,62 ,\dizotur 181 ,\nietsiclila-S 821 ,19 ,abreh iirapocs inmahtoraS 19 ,suirapocs sunmahtoraS 81 ,A neralics 71 ,21 ,sublub eallicS 91 ,sutamron sivlup sublub eallicS 91 ,®NORIMALLICS 49 ,\nirivrepmes 501 ,lonizeragniris 501 ,\nigniris 491 ,ivitas iillA supuriS 602 ,dixoflus nietsic-litem-S 602 ,\slaf \nrims 802 ,aios 802 ,adipsih ajoS 29 ,\nietraps 39 ,®LOITRAPS 19 ,muirapocs muitrapS 231 ,\nirdihats 77 ,®TARCONETS 251 ,LEG NEVUMITS 91 ,21 ,nemes itnahportS 91 ,sutarg sutnahportS 91 ,sudipsih sutnahportS 02 ,91 ,ébmok sutnahportS 451 ,\niflus 231 ,iet[âg aplat 402 ,®NAKANAT 302 ,®NINOBET 491 ,®ARGET 531 ,\nimorboet 531 ,\nilifoet 312

61 ,urdnaelo 911 ,\nieporuelo ,92 ,icilodinaicotnaorp iremogilo 611 ,26 ,74 - / REGRÜB ®TASYVILO 021 ,ONOM 52 ,\nitneiro 96 ,N ®NIGNAHTRO 96 ,ETROF N ®NIGNAHTRO 84 ,02 ,9 ,\niabauo 84 ,02 ,9 ,\dizoiabauo 802 ,z\vo 77 ,96 ,N ALLEHK-®TNACAXO 702 ,aluhgapsi .P 19 ,eaecanoilipaP ,251 ,OVON ®LONEVOCSAP 361 ,751 ,05 ,34 ,53 ,03 ,92 ,52 ,51 ,lecud\p 711 ,37 ,46 ,16 061 ,®LIRDOBELHP 061 ,N ®LIRDOBELHP 661 ,amitiram suniP 702 ,eaecanigatnalP 702 ,atavo ogatnalP 802 ,eaecaoP 62 ,icilodinaicotnaorp iremilop 561 ,26 ,ilodinaicotnaorp 91 ,81 ,A lonegiralicsorp 26 ,\nilcicatsorp 661 ,®LONEGONCYP 11 ,eaecalucnunaR 301 ,N ®NOTCNUFUAR 601 ,aiflowuaR 001 ,anitnepres aiflowuaR 001 ,xidar eaiflowuaR 811 ,301 ,®TNALPOWUAR 94 ,ROCALUGER 101 ,\niprezer 021 ,001 ,muilof irdnedodohR 021 ,nordnedodohR 302 ,®NAKÖR 52 ,eaecasoR 031 ,lonamsor


841 ,®DRATER NISATSONEV 761 ,661 ,®NISATSONEV 251 ,EBLAS-N ®NISATSONEV ®NISATSONEV 251 ,S-/N-/DRATER 261 ,251 ,®NALURTONEV 491 ,SA .pmoc ®NALURTONEV 251 ,N ®NALURTONEV 301 ,eaecacsiV 05 ,sepits ibla icsiV 911 ,601 ,301 ,001 ,abreh icsiV 05 ,04 ,sepits icsiV 701 ,®LLYHPOCSIV 401 ,301 ,mubla mucsiV 57 ,\nidansiv 57 ,\nigansiv 38 ,E animativ 13 ,adizonmar − "2 − nixetiv 26 ,92 ,52 ,\nixetiv 26 ,92 ,52 ,\dizonmar-nixetiv 44 ,34 ,2441 SW 502 ,inalebeiwz 002 ,dilabolib-α 87 ,netorac-β

noriM acnA

42 ,itnahportS arutcniT 391 ,ivitas iillA arutcniT 05 ,silaidrac arutcniT ,22 ,12 ,eairallavnoC arutcniT 42 ,32 32 ,22 ,igeatarC arutcniT 22 ,allicS muc igeatarC arutcniT 49 ,iimesleG arutcniT 22 ,eallicS arutcniT 42 ,32 ,12 ,itnahportS arutcniT nietsic-L-)lineporp-1(-S-)+(-snart 502 ,dixoflus 81 ,71 ,amitiram aenigrU 71 ,allics aenigrU ,581,511 ,311 ,701 ,87 ,iorutsu 491 ,681 391 ,tinârt\bm` iorutsu 321 ,citabl\s iorutsu 251 ,PRETIRAV 361 ,®PRETIRAV 301 ,94 ,csâv 251 ,®NINOTOSAV 451 ,®NOTCANEV 751 ,®TOLANEV 061 ,ESAIBONEV 061 ,ONOM ®ESAIBONEV

412

PLANTE MEDICINALE-A.Miron.pdf

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